Uma unengadi uzodinga uchungechunge lwezidingo eziyisisekelo ukuze izitshalo zikhule, njengokukhanya kwelanga, amanzi, amaminerali kanye nemisoco ebalulekile yezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, kunesici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ngokuchuma kwengadi futhi lokho kuyi-pH yenhlabathi. Thola kulesi sihloko ukuthi iyini nokuthi ungayikala kanjani i-pH yenhlabathi. Qhubeka ufunda lesi sihloko esithakazelisayo.
Iyini inhlabathi pH?
I-pH yomhlabathi isilinganiso se-acidity kanye ne-alkalinity endaweni ethile. I-acidity yomhlabathi ikalwa ukusuka ku-0.0 (okune-acidic kakhulu) kuya ku-14.0 (iningi eline-alkaline/eyisisekelo), ngo-7.0 njengesisekelo sokungathathi hlangothi. Inhlabathi ene-Acidic iqukethe ama-acidic compounds, njenge-aluminium sulfate noma i-sulfuric acid; Inhlabathi ene-alkali inezinhlanganisela eziyisisekelo ezengeziwe, njenge-calcium carbonate. Izinto eziningi zingabangela ukuthi izimo zenhlabathi zibe ne-asidi noma zibe ne-alkaline, kusukela emvuleni kuya kumanyolo, izinto ezisetshenziswa abazali, kanye nokuthungwa kwenhlabathi (isb., isihlabathi uma kuqhathaniswa nenhlabathi enobumba). Ngaphambi kokutshala izithelo noma imifino engadini yakho, kufanele wenze ukuhlola kwenhlabathi ukuze uthole i-pH yenhlabathi yakho futhi ubone ukuthi udinga ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ze-pH ngaphambi kokutshala.
Yini ethinta inhlabathi pH?
Uma uzama ukubona indlela yokukala i-pH yenhlabathi, kufanele uqonde ukuthi akuyona ifomula elula; Kunezici eziningana ezingenza izimo zenhlabathi zibe ne-asidi noma zibe yisisekelo. Okokuqala, amanzi emvula ageza imisoco ethile eyisisekelo (njenge-calcium ne-magnesium), eshiya imisoco ene-asidi eyengeziwe (njenge-aluminium nensimbi) ngemuva. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izindawo ezinemvula eningi minyaka yonke ngokuvamile zinenhlabathi ene-asidi eningi, kuyilapho izindawo ezinemvula encane zivame ukuba nenhlabathi ene-alkaline.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kulinganiswa i-pH yizinto ezingabazali zenhlabathi, noma impahla ephukile yaba inhlabathi, enomthelela omkhulu emhlabathini we-pH. Isibonelo, inhlabathi eyakhiwe emadwaleni ane-alkaline izoba ne-alkaline kunenhlabathi eyakhiwe emadwaleni ane-asidi. Ukwengeza, umanyolo kufanele ucatshangelwe, njengoba iningi lawo kanye nomanyolo we-nitrogenous ane-asidi (ngakho ukufaka umanyolo omningi kungashisa izimpande zezitshalo).
Uma umhlabathi endaweni uxutshwe nomanyolo unyaka nonyaka, kungenzeka ube ne-asidi kakhulu kunenhlabathi engaxutshiwe. Okokugcina, udinga ukucabangela uhlobo lwenhlabathi, njengoba ukuthungwa kwayo kuyahlukahluka ngesilinganiso ukusuka kwesihlabathi kuya kobumba, futhi lokhu kunganquma ukuthi inhlabathi izothatha noma cha izinguquko ze-pH ngokushesha. Umhlabathi oyisihlabathi unento ephilayo encane kanye namathuba aphezulu okungena kwamanzi, okuwenza ube lula kakhulu ekubeni ne-asidi. Umhlabathi wobumba unento ephilayo eningi kakhulu futhi imelana namanzi kangangokuthi unamandla amakhulu okubhafa, okuwenza umelane kakhulu noshintsho ku-pH.
Kungani kubalulekile ukuhlola i-pH yenhlabathi yakho?
Ukuhlola i-pH yenhlabathi yakho kubalulekile engadini yakho ngoba kunquma impilo yezitshalo zakho. Ngokulandelayo, iyunithi ye-pH yephasela lomhlabathi igqamisa ukutholakala kwezakhi, okusho ukuthi izitshalo ezithile zithatha ama-micronutrients kangcono kumazinga athile e-pH. Zonke izitshalo zinenhlabathi ekahle ye-pH yokukhula kahle, okusho ukuthi uma inhlabathi yakho i-pH ine-asidi kakhulu noma iyisisekelo kakhulu ezitshalweni ozama ukuzitshala, izitshalo ngeke ziphumelele futhi zingase zife.
Ingakongela isikhathi nemali. Abalimi abaningi abaqalayo bacabanga ukuthi ukukhula okubi kwezitshalo kungenxa yokushoda kwezakhi zomzimba, ngakho-ke bazochitha isikhathi esiningi nezinsiza bethenga umanyolo noma ezinye izithasiselo zokuvundisa umhlabathi ukuze izingadi zabo zibuyele endleleni. Esikhundleni salokho, yeqa ukuqagela futhi uhlole i-pH yenhlabathi yakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufake izichibiyelo zenhlabathi ezifana ne-peat moss, umlotha wokhuni, izinto zokugalela (njenge-dolomitic limestone), noma izinaliti zikaphayini engadini yakho. Lezi zichibiyelo zishintsha inani le-pH, ziqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zakho zinezimo ezingcono kakhulu zokukhula.
Indlela yokukala i-pH yenhlabathi?
Ukuhlola i-pH yomhlabathi kuyindlela ejabulisayo nelula yokuletha isayensi ekhaya lakho. Ungahlola inhlabathi pH ekhaya ngezindlela ezahlukene, noma uthenga ikhithi noma usebenzisa izithako zasendlini. Indlela yokuqala yokulinganisa i-pH ngokusebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola, eyesibili iyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi, lapho uzodinga i-baking soda noviniga, ekugcineni, uzoba nendlela yokukala i-pH ngokusebenzisa okubomvu. iklabishi Uma ufuna ukwazi ngakunye kwalokhu, sizobe sesichaza:
Sebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola inhlabathi: Indlela elula nethembeke kakhulu yokuthi ungakala kanjani i-pH yenhlabathi yakho ukusebenzisa ikhithi yokuhlola inhlabathi, ongayithenga ngokuvamile kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sengadi sendawo noma ku-inthanethi. Ukuze uhlole i-pH yenhlabathi yakho ngekhithi yokuhlola, mane ulandele imiyalelo bese uqhathanisa imiphumela yakho neshadi lekhithi le-pH noma imitha. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuthi ikhithi yokuhlola i-pH izokunikeza inombolo ye-pH enembile, kunokuba ikutshele nje ukuthi i-pH yenhlabathi yakho ine-acidic noma i-alkaline.
I-baking soda noviniga: Ukuze wenze ukuhlola okusheshayo kwasekhaya kwe-acidity yenhlabathi yakho noma i-alkalinity, qoqa inhlabathi egcwele isandla engadini yakho bese uyibeka enkomishini. Faka i-splash kaviniga omhlophe futhi uma inhlabathi ibhula, inhlabathi yakho ine-alkaline. Uma inhlabathi yakho ingasabelani noviniga, faka enye inhlabathi egcwele isandla enkomishini ehlukene bese ufaka amanzi acwecwe kuze kube u-slushy. Fafaza isipuni se-baking soda phezu kwe-slush, uma iqhuma, inhlabathi yakho ine-acidic.
Sebenzisa indlela yeklabishi elibomvu: Ukuze uthole uhlolo lwenhlabathi ye-pH eyingqayizivele, galela amaqabunga eklabishi abomvu ezinkomishini ezimbili zamanzi acwecwe okungenani imizuzu eyi-10, bese uwayeka agxume imizuzu engama-30. Susa amaqabunga futhi amanzi kufanele abe nombala onsomi ojulile nge-pH engathathi hlangothi engu-7. Ukuze uhlole inhlabathi, engeza isipuni senhlabathi embizeni kanye nezipuni ezimbalwa zamanzi eklabishi. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, amanzi eklabishi kufanele ngabe ashintshile umbala wokufundwa kwe-pH: obomvana obomvana ovela enhlabathini ene-asidi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze uthole inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi, noma uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enhlabathini ene-alkaline.
Kufanele wenze nini ukuhlolwa kwe-pH yenhlabathi?
Ukulinganisa i-pH yenhlabathi yakho kufanele kube yinto ohlwini lwakho lokuhlola lwengadi yokuwa. Ngaleyo ndlela ungakwazi ukuchibiyela inhlabathi ngaphambi kobusika noma entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala. Futhi, lesi yisikhathi esihle sokubheka noma yiluphi ukhula olukhule ehlobo, olungakunikeza nezinkomba mayelana ne-pH yenhlabathi yakho. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-dandelion, ama-strawberry asendle, nobhanana kuyachuma enhlabathini ene-asidi, kuyilapho izinkukhu, izaqathe zasendle, ne-radicchio zithanda inhlabathi ene-alkali.
Futhi, ukuhlola i-pH yenhlabathi ekwindla kukunikeza isikhathi esiningi sokutshala isitshalo sekhava esilungisa initrogen (ngezimo zezulu ezipholile zasebusika) noma ukulungisa ukutshala konyaka ozayo ukuze kuhambisane nokufunda kwakho. Endabeni yenhlabathi ene-alkali, ungakwazi ukwehlisa i-pH ngokungeza izinto eziphilayo, njenge-peat moss. Kodwa-ke, uma kunenhlabathi ene-asidi ingasuswa ngokufaka umcako. Ukuthi wengeza kangakanani kuncike ekutheni udinga malini ukuze uguqule i-pH yakho.
Amathiphu okuhlola i-pH yomhlabathi
Uma uhlola inhlabathi yakho ngoviniga ne-baking soda futhi kungekho ukuhlola okuveza umphumela omningi, inhlabathi yakho cishe isendaweni engathathi hlangothi. Abukho obunye ubufakazi obudingekayo. Ungaxuba inhlabathi kumasampula amathathu noma amane ahlukene engadini encane ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kweviniga nesoda yokubhaka. Nokho, uma unengadi enkulu, kungcono ukuhlola amasampula amaningana ngokuhlukana. Emhlabathini wasengadini ongeke ukhiqize lutho, kungcono ukuthumela isampula yomhlabathi elebhu ukuze ihlaziywe ngenkokhelo encane. Bese, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, ochwepheshe bangenza izincomo zokukubuyisela endleleni efanele.
Iyiphi inhlabathi efanelekile pH?
Ibanga le-pH elilungile lezitshalo eziningi zokudla line-acidic kancane: phakathi kuka-5,5 no-6,5. Izitshalo ezithile zizokhetha izimo ezihluke kancane, isibonelo uphayinaphu, amajikijolo aluhlaza, i-azaleas nama-rhododendron zaziwa ngokuthi "izitshalo ezithanda i-asidi" ngoba zikhula kahle enhlabathini ene-asidi kakhulu (phakathi kuka-4.0 no-6.0). Izitshalo ezifana ne-asparagus, i-honeysuckle, ne-lavender zingakwazi ukubhekana nezimo eziningi ze-alkaline (phakathi kuka-6.0 no-8.0). Hlola ku-inthanethi noma esitolo sasengadini ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izitshalo ofuna ukuzitshala zinenhlabathi ethandwayo efanayo pH.
Uma uthande lesi sihloko esithi Ukalwa Kanjani I-pH Yomhlaba, sikumema ukuthi ufunde ezinye izindatshana eziqukethe izihloko onentshisekelo kuzo kulezi zixhumanisi ezilandelayo: