Isikhundla esinaso mayelana nokunakekelwa kanye nokulondolozwa kwemvelo yilokho esikwaziyo namuhla Isiko lemvelo; Njengoba lokhu kuyindaba enentshisekelo kuwo wonke umuntu, kusinika isizathu sokukumema ukuthi ujabulele lesi sihloko esihlanganisa konke okuhlobene nalesi sihloko, ukubaluleka kwaso nokunye.
Iyini Imvelo Nesiko Lemvelo?
Uma kucatshangelwa umonakalo nokonakala kwendawo ezungezile namuhla, kubalulekile ukuba bonke abantu bafune ukulungisa indlela yabo yokuziphatha namasiko ayingozi ngendawo yabo yokuhlala; Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuntuleka kwesiko lemvelo yikho okuholele ekucekeleni phansi kwezakhi zemvelo kanye nezici ezenza ukuphila kuplanethi yomhlaba.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukwakha umphakathi onosiko lwemvelo ukuze ulolonge abantu abanomthwalo wemfanelo nabacophelelayo ngendawo ezungezile, beqaphela iqiniso lemvelo kanye nolwazi lwezakhiwo zakuqala zemvelo kanye nemodeli kwabanye abanamasiko amahle emvelo, kanye nomlingiswa oyinhloko ekuxazululeni izithiyo zemvelo.
Imvelo
Igama elithi imvelo lisuselwa egameni lesiLatini elithi ambiens elichaza indawo, futhi lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza umoya noma umoya. Kuleli gama, indawo ezungezile ingachazwa ngokuthi: imvelo ehlupha izidalwa eziphilayo futhi enquma izimo zazo zokuphila. Njengoba kubonakala ngale ndlela, imvelo iyisimiso esakhiwe izakhi zemvelo nezokwenziwa ezincikene, kodwa eziguqulwa isenzo somuntu.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo neziphilayo ezifana nesimo sezulu, inhlabathi, indawo kanye nezidalwa eziphilayo, kanye nezimo zenhlalo ezifana nomsebenzi okhiqizayo noma wasemadolobheni. Ngakho-ke, yiqembu lezici ezinquma indlela yokuphila yomphakathi ku-ecosystem yawo. Ngakho-ke, amasiko okugcinwa kwemvelo abalulekile ukuqinisa inhlalakahle yezenhlalakahle zezizukulwane zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.
Ngeshwa, abantu basahlasela ontanga nezinye izinto eziphilayo, ngezenzakalo eziphazamisa i-ecosystem; Ukwenza isibonelo, imfucuza ephonswe emanzini noma phansi, amabhomu esikhathi sangempela. Ngokufanayo, umoya esiwuphefumulayo ungenye into ebilokhu ingcoliswa ukukhishwa kwamagesi e-carbon dioxide. Ngakho-ke, njengoba konke lokhu kuyingxenye yomonakalo ocatshangelwa ngumuntu emvelweni.
Isiko lemvelo
Incazelo yesiko lezemvelo ixhumene kakhulu naleyo yokuqeqeshwa kwezemvelo; Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izibonelo zendabuko zemfundo, lokhu kuyinqubo ehlanganisa konke (ukuyicabangela iyonke) kanye nokufundisa okuqhubekayo. Inhloso yawo eyinhloko ukuqeqesha abantu abanomthwalo wemfanelo abafuna futhi babone izingqinamba zemvelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlobo lwesiko alumeleli nje ukuvikela imvelo noma ukushicilela ulwazi lwezemvelo. Kunalokho, ihlala ingachemile emalini yezemfundo mayelana nesimo esibucayi kubantu sokuxazulula izinkinga. Imithetho yalo ebusayo iwukuqaphela, ukuhlakanipha, izimfanelo, amakhono, nokubambisana.
Sengiphetha, isiko lezemvelo yindlela esibamba iqhaza ngayo ngezenzo zethu maqondana noma ukuxhumana nemvelo, sihlala siqinisekisa ukunakekelwa, ukulondolozwa, kanye nokubamba iqhaza ukuze sinikeze umnikelo obalulekile, ukuze kuxazululwe ukuphazamiseka okuthile okuhlanganisa ingxenye yezemvelo; ukuze kuthuthukiswe lokhu, kusho ukwenza lezi zindlela zokuziphatha ezilandelayo:
- Zijwayeze ukuqaphela, ububele kanye nomuzwa wokuba yikho konke okusizungezile.
- Fundisa amasiko amahle okuvikela imvelo nezinsiza zayo.
- Sabalalisa imilayezo ngempikiswano yokulondoloza ekhuthaza ukubambisana kubantu ngabanye.
- Yakha ubudlelwano obunempilo nobucabangelayo nemvelo.
Ngokunjalo, ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu nemvelo kufinyelelwa ngokuhlinzeka ngemfundo ngesiko lezemvelo, lokhu kuphinde kubandakanye:
- Zijwayeze noma wazi imvelo, ubambe iqhaza ekuhleleni kwayo ngemibono yokudala neqondile.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPr2E3p3GxI
Ukubaluleka
Akunakugwenywa ukuphakamisa udaba lokuhlonipha imvelo ngokuzithiba okuphelele ukuze kubuyiselwe emuva imisebenzi edale umonakalo emhlabeni wethu kuze kube namuhla. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sihlanganise umqondo wokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokugcinwa kokuziphatha okulimazayo endaweni ezungezile, silahlekelwa ithuba lokuba nempilo engcono, siwohloka iplanethi yethu kanye nezidalwa ezihlala lapho. Okulandelayo, sizochaza ngezinzuzo nezenzo mayelana nokuqeqeshwa kwemvelo:
Isiza ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo
Isiko lemvelo lingasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinga lempilo yezidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni. Imiklamo eyahlukene yokutshalwa kwezihlahla, okuhloswe ngayo ikakhulukazi ekwandiseni ukutshalwa kwezihlahla, iyisibonelo; Lezi zisiza ekuhlanzeni umoya ezintweni eziningi ezingcolisayo eziyingozi kubantu.
Ngaphezu kokunikeza umoya-mpilo obaluleke kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo, izihlahla zisebenza njengesisefo sokuhlanza; Ngokwemiphumela yezifundo ezifanelekayo, bangaqeda amathani angu-1.3 e-carbon monoxide ngosuku, kanye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-sulfur dioxide, i-nitrogen dioxide ne-ozone.
Ngokufanayo, amaphrojekthi amasiko emvelo akhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwemithethonqubo eqinisekisa umoya ohlanzekile, kanye nokwakhiwa kwamapaki angasiza ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe umoya ohlanzekile; Ngalokhu, baphinde babambe iqhaza elikhulu ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lempilo.
Ukuqwashisa ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Izinhlangano ziya ngokuya ziba nentshisekelo yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa ngokusungula isiko lemvelo; futhi bafuna ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, endaweni kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele, ukuze kubhekwane nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Izindawo zemvelo ezinjengamahlathi, izindawo ezinotshani, namapaki ziyimpahla eyinhloko kulo mzamo, njengoba iziqiwi ezinkulu zisebenza njengezisefo zekhabhoni ezinkulu; Ngokufanayo, amapaki endawo amancane asiza ukupholisa imvelo.
Inomthelela ekulondolozweni kwamanzi
Ukwenza ngcono izinga lamanzi kungenye inhloso elandelwa amaphrojekthi amasiko emvelo. Ukongiwa komhlaba ovulekile kanye nokwakhiwa kwezingadi noma amapaki kuvikela izigaba zokungenwa kwemvelo futhi kukhawulele ukungenwa kwamanzi; lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imvula ihamba ngokushesha ezindaweni ezine-aquifer, inciphisa ukugeleza kwayo, kuyilapho ukuthintana nemithombo yokungcoliswa kwendawo kugcinwa kusezingeni eliphansi.
Ithuthukiswa kanjani isiko lemvelo?
Indlela etuswa kakhulu yokuthuthukisa isiko lemvelo ukukhuthaza ukubamba iqhaza kwezingane ezifunda emazingeni aphansi, ukuvusa isithakazelo sazo nokuqonda ukuthi ukuhlonipha imvelo kunenzuzo efanayo.
Ngakho-ke, kulesi sigaba sokuqeqeshwa, ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kuthuthukiswa kubantu abasha. Ukwengeza, ukusabalalisa kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezenzo ezivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesiko lemvelo kufanele kube yisibopho somphakathi wonke; lapha othisha, abazali, ososayensi, izikhungo zokuqeqesha, abezindaba, ohulumeni, izikhungo zocwaningo, izinkampani, amaqembu omphakathi, phakathi kwabanye.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi umkhakha wezemfundo, njengoba yiwo ozibophezele okukhulu ekuhlinzekeni ngokuqeqeshwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, okwazi ukulungiselela izakhamuzi ezincintisanayo nezikhiqizayo ezizibophezele ekukhipheni isiko lemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusekela nokuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi ezemfundo aqukethe lokhu okulandelayo:
- Dala intshisekelo kumaphrojekthi wesayensi akhuthaza imikhuba emihle yokudla kanye nokongiwa kwe-ecosystem.
- Thuthukisa okuqukethwe kocwaningo, isayensi nobuchwepheshe maqondana nezici zemvelo.
- Ukusungula amakamu e-ecotourism, avumela ukwenza imisebenzi yokusimama nokuvikela imvelo.
- Sekela ukufundwa kwesayensi yemvelo kanye nezimo zayo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimfanelo ezinhle ekuvikelweni kwendawo ezungezile, kugcizelelwe ezenzweni zokuhlehlisa ukuwohloka kwemvelo okukhona njengamanje.
- Gqugquzela imikhuba ekhuthaza ukuhlonipha imvelo, emphakathini lapho isikole sikhona.
- Sabalalisa kanye nabezindaba kanye nomphakathi, umsebenzi owenziwe ngabafundi kwezokongiwa kwemvelo.
Amanani
Amagugu emvelo njengengxenye yokufunda komuntu, aqala futhi akhuthaze ukuphathwa okunengqondo kwemithombo yemvelo; Ngokunjalo, bakhuthaza ukuqwashisa kwabantu ukuze bangaphazamisi nje kuphela i-ecosystem yabo eseduze, kodwa futhi babheke isiko lezemvelo njengenhlalakahle yendawo yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuziphatha okunjengokongiwa, ukugcinwa nokuvikela imvelo kwakha amanani esiko lemvelo.
Njengesibonelo sinaso, ukuthi ukungalahli udoti emgwaqweni kunciphisa kakhulu umthelela endaweni ezungezile; ngenxa yokuthi yenza ukonga ekuhlanzeni nasekunakekeleni izindawo zomphakathi, kunciphisa amandla omuntu noma ezobuchwepheshe asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukungcola okuvame ukukhishelwa imishini lapho isebenza.
Esinye isenzo esikhiqiza inhlalakahle yezemvelo ukuqaliswa komkhuba wokugaywa kabusha, ukusetshenziswa kweziqukathi ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza engasetshenziswa kabusha; Ngokufanayo, ukonga amanzi namandla emikhubeni yansuku zonke, kanye nokugwema ukwenza imililo ezindaweni zemvelo, ukutshala izitshalo ekhaya nokugcina ukuxhumana njalo nemvelo.
Ukuhambisana
Isiko lezemvelo njengesikole sokucabanga sathola ukubaluleka okukhulu emhlabeni kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970; ekuphenduleni inkinga yenhlalo yokuwohloka kwezinga lempilo elibangelwa ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Ngalo mqondo, kwashiwo ukuthi imfundo ngeke kube yiyona kuphela indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga zemvelo, kodwa kufanele kusetshenziswe ezinye izindlela zokuzikhulisa.
Eqinisweni, ukungcola okwamanje akubonakali nje kuphela njengenye yalezi zinkinga, kodwa kudlulela ngalé kwakho; Ngamanye amazwi, izici zezenhlalakahle, zezombusazwe, zamasiko nezomnotho ezixhumene nemodeli yenqubekelaphambili yomphakathi ziyabhekwa. Lo mbono omusha udinga izinguquko emikhubeni nasekuziphatheni ukuze ukhiqize isithakazelo emvelweni, khona-ke, ngokuvula isivikelo sayo, kufinyelelwa ukulingana phakathi komuntu nendawo ahlala kuyo.
Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yokubheka imbangela yengozi yemvelo ijwayele ukuvimbela kanye nokuguqula ukuziphatha, esikhundleni sokulungisa umonakalo owenziwe. Ngakho-ke, umphakathi ofundile futhi olungiselelwe ngokunengqondo uyadingeka ukuze ujabulele indawo enempilo nejabulisayo eyenza izinqubo zokuhlalisana nemvelo.
Izenzo zansuku zonke, ezifana nokusetshenziswa kahle kwamanzi, ukulahlwa kukadoti ezindaweni ezifanele, ukusetshenziswa kokugaywa kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza yizinkampani, kuzovikela futhi kwenze ukuphila kuqhubeke izakhamuzi zomhlaba.
Kunjalo-ke ukubaluleka kwesiko lezemvelo kulele ekubambeni iqhaza kwawo wonke amalungu kanye nemikhakha yesizwe; ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ngokubamba iqhaza okuqaphelayo nokunesibopho ezinhlelweni zokongiwa kwemvelo, kukhiqizwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo okusimeme.
Isiko lezemvelo emhlabeni
Njengamanje, lapho izwe laziswa njengeliluhlaza, akugcini nje ngenani lezindawo zemvelo elinazo; kodwa futhi kubandakanya nezinga lokuqwashisa izakhamuzi, ngokuvikela nokongiwa kwemvelo.
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kohulumeni abaningi ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, kunokuthambekela kokufuna izinqubomgomo zemvelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimo zokuphila; lokhu kukalwa ngokwenkomba yokusebenza kwemvelo, kucatshangelwa uchungechunge lwezici ezifana nokutheleleka ngenxa yezimbangela zemvelo, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi, izinga lomoya, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, imithombo yemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa komuntu kanye neminyaka yokuphila. Ngempela, amazwe alandelayo aphezulu kulolu hlu yilawa:
ESwitzerland
Enye yezinqubomgomo ezisetshenziswa yizwe eliluhlaza kunawo wonke emhlabeni ukuncishiswa kwalo kwekhabhoni; Ngaphezu kokuvulwa kwamapaki emvelo amasha ayishumi nanhlanu, abaseSwitzerland abavunyelwe ukulahla noma ukungcolisa amanzi abo ngawo.
I-Latvia
Bakha ibhodi labaluleki bezemvelo, elinomsebenzi wongqongqoshe wokulwa nomthelela wemvelo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano ezifana ne-Friends of the Earth zikhankasela isisekelo sesiteji sikawoyela oLwandle iBaltic, eduze kakhulu nogu lwayo.
ENorway
Bathathe izinyathelo zokuqeda ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokungcoliswa kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli; ngakho-ke, e-Oslo kusukela ngo-2016, ukuthuthwa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli noma zedizili akuvunyelwe, kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi, amabhayisikili kanye nezindlela zokuhamba.
Luxembourg
Ngomlando wokuhlonipha imigomo yentuthuko esimeme, babeke eceleni u-17% wendawo njengezindawo ezivikelekile.
Lezi zibonelo ezine zesiko lemvelo zimele inhlonipho yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kweplanethi.
Izibonelo zesiko lemvelo ezinkampanini
Esikhathini lapho imvelo ithatha indawo ebalulekile emigomweni yomhlaba, izinkampani zinikela imizamo eyengeziwe yokuhlanganisa i-ecology nebhizinisi futhi zibe nomthelela omncane emhlabeni.
Izinhlelo zalezi zinkampani eziluhlaza azihambisani nje kuphela nokusimama komnotho, kodwa ingxenye yazo ilwela ukufeza izinhloso zokuvikela imvelo.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinkampani eziningi eziluhlaza zenza umsebenzi odinga ukuthi zehlise umthelela omubi ezinawo emvelweni futhi, ngokuxakayo, yilokhu okuzenza zibe amavulandlela okusimama. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuyiphi imboni, iqiniso liwukuthi bakha amathuluzi ayigugu aluhlaza futhi basebenze njengesiqondiso kwabanye abaningi. Okulandelayo, sizochaza ezinye zazo:
Philips
Inkampani ikhiqiza izinto zikagesi ezimbonini eziningi futhi inendawo emele umkhakha wezempilo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isebenzisa ingxenye enkulu yezinsiza zayo ukuze igaywe kabusha imfucuza futhi iqede amakhemikhali anobuthi emikhiqizweni yawo.
Samsung
Ukuba ngomunye wabakhiqizi abadumile bezinto zikagesi zasekhaya nezimboni, amathuluzi okwakha kanye ne-biotechnology, i-Este yezemvelo, ithuthukisa izixazululo eziluhlaza ukukhuthaza izindawo ezisimeme.
Iqembu le-BT
Kuyinkampani yezinsiza zokuxhumana ehlinzeka ngocingo, i-inthanethi kanye nomabonakude wokuthenga; lokhu-ke sekusungule amapulazi omoya ukuze kubhekelele ingxenye yesine yezidingo zakho zokusebenza.
Coca-Cola
Inkampani yamabhodlela eziphuzo ezithambile. Le nkampani itshale imali elinganiselwa ezigidini ezingaphezu kuka-$125 ekuthuthukiseni nasekufakeni ingqalasizinda egaywe kabusha, ukuze yakhe iziqukathi ezisebenzisa inani elikhulu lempahla egaywe kabusha, ifake izinsiza ezinamandla ezivuselelekayo ekwenziweni kwazo, okwenza inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokugaywa kabusha okusebenzayo.
Uma uthole le ndatshana ithokozisa i-Environmental Culture, sikumema ukuthi ujabulele lezi ezinye: