Ngalokhu okuthunyelwe ungafunda okuningi mayelana ne- I-Zen Buddhism, umkhuba wayo, ngaphezu kwemvelaphi yawo yesiShayina nokubaluleka kwayo esikoleni saseJapane esihlobene eduze nokuzindla nokunye okuningi kulesi sihloko esithakazelisayo.Ungayeki ukuyifunda!
Iyini i-Zen Buddhism?
Kuyisikole seZen noma iMahayana Buddhism enemsuka yaso ngesikhathi sobukhosi bamaTang owaziwa ngokuthi uChán ekubizweni kwalolo limi lwesigodi lapho kufakwa izikole zaseJapan zeZen, le filosofi entsha eyaziwa ngegama elithi Zen elaqalwa, okuyisifinyezo. yezwi leZenna.
Leli gama ekuphinyiseni kwalo kwesiJapane lihlukile kwegama lesiShayina elithi Cháná elisuka egameni lesiSanskrit elibhalwe ngokuthi dhyana elisho Ukuzindla futhi lisho ukumuncwa kwengqondo kanye noyedwa wothisha balesi sifundo somsuka waseJapan uDaisetsu Teitaro suzuki.
Uyiqhathanisa negama elithi zazen, elithi ngolimi lwesiMandarin elaziwa ngokuthi zuóchán, elihunyushelwa olimini lweSpanishi ngokuthi Ukuzindla Ngokuhlala.
I-Zen Buddhism yethula ukuzindla ngenkathi ihlezi njengekhwalithi eyinhloko ekusebenzeni kwayo, eyaziwa ngegama elithi zazen, ngenhloso yokuqonda isimo somqondo, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukuzwa imvelo okuyinkulumo emele lolu hlobo losuku nosuku. ukuphila ngokuqinisekisa abanye abantu kusho ukubuyela esimweni semvelo sokuba khona.
Ngakho-ke, i-Zen Buddhism ijwayele ukuhlukanisa ingxenye yobuhlakani futhi igxile ekuqondeni okuqondile okwaziwa ngegama elithi Prajña ngokuqondiswa uthisha onguchwepheshe kwezokusebenza ngokomoya, njengoba idluliselwa kusuka enhliziyweni kuya enhliziyweni isuka kuthisha isiya kumfundi ukuzijwayeza.
Ngokuphathelene nokufunda kwe-Zen Buddhism, ukufundwa kwemicabango ehlobene ne-Tathagatagarbha, Yogachara, Lankavatara Sutra, Huayan kanye ne-Bodhisattava kuyadingeka ukuze uzihlole kanye nokufunda okuhlobene nemicabango ye-Prajñaparamita ne-Madhyamaka.
Umthelela womcabango we-apophatic kanye ne-heterodox wokukhuluma kahle kwe-Zen nawo uyabonwa. Umkhuba wakhe ubonakala ngokuzindla okuhlezi kuyiphuzu lakhe eliyinhloko lokufinyelela ekukhanyeni.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi u-Shakyamuni Buddha wavumela ukuvuswa kokuma kweZen ngekhulu le-VII AD, khona-ke lokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwadluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye kusukela kothisha kuya kubafundi babo, kwakha i-Zen Buddhism.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iZen Buddhism ifinyelele eNtshonalanga kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX ngokusebenzisa ubuciko bokulwa, ubuciko bezimbali, imikhosi yayo yetiye ngisho nezingadi zaseJapane ezimangalisayo, lapho abaculi abaningi abadumile, ongqondongqondo, ababhali nezazi zefilosofi bajoyina lesi simiso. ngomkhuba wayo osivumela ukuba siguqule isimo sethu sengqondo ngokuhlangana nendawo yonke.
Umsuka wamaShayina weZen Buddhism
Kwakwaziwa ngokokuqala ngqá kuleli zwe elidumile ngezinguqulo ezenziwe ngo-An Shigao owazalwa eFloruit edolobheni laseCirca ngonyaka we-148 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-180 edolobheni lase-CE ngaphezu kukaKumarajiva owashona. wazalwa ngo-334 futhi wafa ngo-413 CE.
Babephethe ukuhumusha imibhalo eminingana ehlobene nokuzindla kwemfundiso ye-yogacaras e-Dhyana Sutras engaphansi kweSikole Sarvastivada edolobheni laseKashmir phakathi kwekhulu lokuqala nelesi-XNUMX AD.
Kubalulekile ukugqamisa izinguqulo ezibhekise ekuzindleni kwesiShayina ezazinethonya elikhulu elenziwe ngu-Anban Shouyi Jing ku-Sutra ye-anapanasmrti, u-Zuochan Sanmei Jing mayelana ne-Sutra ka-dhyana samadhi ohlezi kanye no-Damoduoluo Chan Jing owayephethe ukuhumusha i-Dharmatrata. dhyana Sutra.
Ngale mibhalo yokuqala, kwaba nethonya ku-Zen Buddhism kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube manje, njengoba ngekhulu le-XNUMX inkosi okuthiwa uRinzai Torei Enji wabhala amagama ambalwa ebhekisela kuDamoduoluo Chan Jing, lapho athatha umbono womunye. umbhali uZuochan Sanmei Chan Jing njengoba ecabanga ukuthi umbhali uDamaduoluo Chan Jing ubhalwe nguBodhidharma.
Kunomehluko othile mayelana negama elithi dhyana ngoba kuBuddhism baseShayina lihlobene nezimo ezine zokuzindla kuyilapho ku-Zen Buddhism yethulwa njengamasu okulungiselela ukuzindla ukuze usebenzise i-dhyana, ehlanganisa amafomu amahlanu abalulekile ekuzindleni njengoba enjalo.
I-anapanasmrti ehlobene nokucabangela ukuphefumula bese ilandelwa yi-patikulamanasikara lapho umuntu ezindla khona ukunaka ukungcola okusemzimbeni. Qhubeka nokuzindla kwe-maitri okubhekisele kumusa wothando. Kulandelwa ukuthula kokuxhumana okuyishumi nambili kwe-pratiyasamutpada futhi ekugcineni imfihlakalo kuBuddha.
Ngokombono wengcweti kaChán okuthiwa u-Sheng Yen, lezi zenzo ezinhlanu zaziwa njengezindlela ezinhlanu noma izinyathelo zokuthulisa ingqondo ngokuzindla ukuze ugxilise futhi uhlanze ingqondo ngokusekelwe kulezi zenzo. izigaba ze-dhyana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkosi ye-Chán isebenzisana nokuqaliswa kwezisekelo ezine zokucabangela ezaziwa ngegama elithi smrtyupasthana, ngaphezu kweminyango emithathu yenkululeko eyaziwa ngamagama athi sunyata ngaphandle kwencazelo noma animitta kanye negama elithi apranihita ngaphandle kwesifiso, elihlobene nobuBuddha. .ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye neMahayaba edla ngoludala.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuzibheka
Ngokuqondene nophenyo lukaJohn R. McRae mayelana nefilosofi yenkosi uChán, itholakala eSikoleni SeNtaba YaseMpumalanga. Lapho indlela igcizelela ukugcinwa kwemvelo yomqondo ngaphandle kokuzamazama ukugxilisa ingqondo.
Ukuqonda nokukhanyisa ngomkhuba ongavamile ngoba zazingekho izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukuzindla, kodwa kunalokho kwakungezibonelo ze-heuristic ngenhloso yokuveza ubunjalo bomqondo.
Imibhalo ehlobene ne-Chán Meditation
Ngokusho kwezincwadi zokuqala zokuzindla kukaChán, kwafundiswa izibonelo zokuzindla ezifana neMahayana Buddhism, enye yazo eyaziwa kakhulu i-Treatise mayelana nezinto ezibalulekile zokuhlakulela ingqondo lapho kukhulunywa khona ngemithetho yeSikole Sentaba YaseMpumalanga. ekhulwini lesikhombisa.
Lokhu kudinga ukubonwa kwe-solar disk efana kakhulu ne-Sutra ye-Connection ye-Buddha Amitayus. AmaBuddha aseShayina abe esezibophezela ekwenzeni awawo amamodeli okufundisa nemibhalo, enye egqame kakhulu ekaTiantai Zhiyi ohlonishwayo.
Ukuthi kwakungenye yezincwadi zokuqala ezilingisa iTso-chan-i ehunyushwa ngolimi lwesiCastilian njengeMigomo yokuzindla ehlezi eyavezwa ngekhulu leshumi nanye.
Amamodeli ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ekuzindleni
Ngezansi sizochaza amanye amamodeli afaneleka kakhulu asetshenziswa ekuzindleni:
Ukunakekelwa okuphelele kokuphefumula
Phakathi nalolu hlobo lokuzindla lokuhlala olusetshenziswa ku-Zen Buddhism, abantu bathatha indawo yokuhlala ngegama elithi indawo ye-lotus. Lokhu kudinga isikwele noma mhlawumbe umcamelo oyindilinga kumata athambile ukuze umuntu ahlale kuwo.
Ngenhloso yokwazi ukukhuza ingqondo, abafundi beZen Buddhism baphethe ukubala ukuphefumula okukhishiwe, kuhlanganise nokukhipha umoya kanye nokuhogela.Kungenziwa kuze kufike kunombolo yeshumi futhi inqubo yokubala iqalwe kabusha kuze kube yilapho ingqondo izola.
Kunomehluko ofana nalowo wezingcweti ze-Zen kuleli cala u-Omori Sogen ovumela ukuphefumula okubanzi nokujulile kanye nokuhogela ukuvumela umzimba ukuzindla ngokuphefumula okuvamile. Ukunaka kufanele kugxile emandleni aphuma ngaphansi kwenkaba.
Ngakho-ke, ku-Zen Buddhism, ukuphefumula kwe-diaphragmatic kusetshenziswa lapho ukuphefumula kufanele kuqale engxenyeni engezansi yesisu ukuze le ngxenye yomzimba wethu ibonakale, kufanele ikhule kancane futhi ngokwemvelo phambili ngenkathi ukuphefumula kwenziwa. Ngokusebenzisa leli thuluzi eliwusizo ukuphefumula kuzothambile, kancane futhi kujule.
Manje, uma ukubalwa kokuphefumula ku-Zen Buddhism kuba isithiyo ekwenzeni i-samadhi, kuphakanyiswa umkhuba wokuzwa isigqi sokuphefumula ngokwemvelo kuyilapho ukunaka kugxile kukho.
Ukuhlezi Ukuzindla Nokukhanyiselwa Buthule
Ku-Zen Buddhism, ukuzindla okuhlezi kuhlobene Nokukhanya Okuthulile, ngokwalo mkhuba kuhlobene nesikole sendabuko saseCaodong futhi kuthonywa isazi sefilosofi salobu buciko u-Hongzhi Zhengjue owazalwa ngonyaka we-1091 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-1157 ngubani. ubephethe ukubhala izincwadi eziningi ezikhuluma ngalo mkhuba.
Ivela kumkhuba wama-Indian Buddhist ngokusebenzisa inyunyana ye-samatha ne-vippasyana eyaziwa ngokuthi i-yuganaddha. Enye yezinqubo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuzindla okumbaxambili okungenanjongo eyaziwa ngokuthi umkhuba waseHongzhi.
Lapho umuntu ophethe ukuzindla ephethe ukwazi ingqikithi yezenzo esikhundleni sokugxila entweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, ubugovu, ukucabanga, ukubili kwesihloko noma into.
Ingenye yemikhuba evame ukusetshenziswa ku-Zen Buddhism, ikakhulukazi kwifilosofi yesiSoto, lapho yaziwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi shikantaza, okusho ukuhlala nje noma igama elifanayo lakho, ukuhlala nje.
Lokhu kulungiswa kungatholakala ku-Fukanzazengi ehunyushelwe ku-Spanish Imiyalelo Enconywe Yindawo Yonke ye-Zazen njengoba i-Zen Buddhism inombono ohlukile we-Chinese Buddhism.
Izimfanelo eziyinhloko zika-Huatou no-Koans
Esikhathini sobukhosi baseTang kwaba yinto evamile ukufunda izihloko ezihlobene nezimfundiso zobuBuddha beZen ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo noma izindaba lapho ubudlelwano phakathi kwenkosi yeZen nabafundi bakhe babuchazwa, okuvumela umbono womfundisi ukuba ubonwe. Ngokuqondene namaKoans, avumela ukuveza umqondo ongewona umqondo owaziwa ngokuthi i-prajña.
Kamuva, ebukhosini bakwa-Sóng, indlela entsha yokuzindla yaduma ngezithombe ezifana ne-Dahui, ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokubheka umusho ngokuwuhlanganisa negama noma ibinzana.Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezizweni ezifana neKorea, i-China ne-Japan. Ummeleli wayo omkhulu uyinkosi yomdabu waseKorea uChinul owazalwa ngonyaka we-1158 futhi washona ngonyaka we-1210.
Ngokungeziwe kwabanye ongcweti abanjengoSheng Yen noXu Yun, ngakho-ke kuZen Buddhism U-Master Rinzai wenza isifinyezo segama elithi Koan, ekwazi ukuthuthukisa esakhe isitayela ngezifundo ezisemthethweni ngokwenza okulula kakhulu ukuya kokuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, inhlolokhono yangasese eyaziwa ngokuthi i-daisan, i-sanzen noma i-dokusan kulindeleke ukuthi ibone ukuqonda kwabo okungokomoya ngezimpendulo abazidalulayo ukuze ziqondise umfundi, ngakho-ke ukusebenzelana kubalulekile ku-Zen Buddhism, nakuba lolu hlobo lwesenzo lungaqondwa kabi.
Ku-Zen Buddhism, uphenyo lwe-Koan lungenziwa ngenkathi uzindla uhlezi, ngaphezu kwenketho ye-Kinhim ebhekisela ekuzindleni ngenkathi uhamba futhi uvivinya imisebenzi yendlela yokuphila yansuku zonke ngenhloso yokubhekana nemvelo yangempela ngenkululeko yokugcina. ukususa ukungcola.
Nianfo Chan
Ihlobene nenkumbulo kaBuddha futhi isetshenziselwa ukuzindla ngokuphindaphinda igama likaBuddha Amitabha ngenkathi esezweni laseShayina, ubuBuddha obuhlobene neZwe Elihlanzekile, inkulumo ethi Nāmó Āmítuófó kumele iphindwe, okuwumnikelo ku-Amitabha. Okufanayo kwamukelwe yizibalo zaseShayina ezilandelayo u-Yongming Yanshou, u-Tianru Weize no-Zhongfen Mingben.
Ekupheleni kobukhosi bakwa-Ming, le mikhuba yavunyelaniswa ngokuhlanganyela nokuzindla kuka-Chan ngabantu u-Hanshan Dequing kanye no-Yunqui Zhuhong. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isetshenziswa futhi esikoleni saseJapane ngokuzijwayeza kwayo i-nembutsu kōan emfundisweni ye-Obaku.
Ubuhle nezifungo ezenziwa eZen Buddhism
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Zen Buddhism iyingxenye ye-Mahayana Buddhism ehlotshaniswa nefilosofi ye-bodhisattva ecatshangwa ukuthi isebenzise izimfanelo ezidlulele ukuze ziphelele ngokwegama layo elithi paramita, Ch. bōluómì, Jp. I-Baramitsu ehlanganiswe nokwenza isifungo se-bodhisattva.
Lezi zimfanelo ezinhle ezidlulele zihlanganisa izici eziyisithupha zokuziphatha ezihlanganisa imiyalo emihlanu, okuwukuphana, ukuqeqeshwa kokuziphatha, amandla noma umzamo, ukubekezela, ukuhlakanipha nokuzindla. Enye yezincwadi ezivumela ukufunda kwakhe izimfundiso ze-Avatamsaka Sutra lapho kuchazwa khona iziqu zebhumi endleleni eya e-bodhisattva.
Lawa ma-pāramitās asetshenziswa ezincwadini zakuqala zika-Chan ku-Zen Buddhism ezinesihloko noma ezaziwa ngokuthi Ukungenela Okubili kanye Nemikhuba Emine Yomcabango we-Bodhidharma evumela umkhuba osemthethweni nowomkhosi wokuthi umuntu asebenzise amagugu amathathu.
Okuhlobene noBuddha noma ukukhanyiselwa, i-Dharma ibhekisele ekuqondeni okuphelele kanye ne-sangha ehambisana nokuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo kanye nomkhuba wamaBuddha wamaShayina kuZen Buddhism ukuzila ukudla kwe-zhairi noma okuhunyushelwe ezinsukwini zokuzila ukudla zaseSpain njengengxenye yokuqeqeshwa.
Ukulima ngokomzimba kuZen Buddhism
Ubuciko bokulwa kanye nezifundo zezempi nazo zihlotshaniswa neZen Buddhism ngenxa yemibhalo eyenziwe ngalo mkhuba wokuphila, ihlehlela emuva ethonyeni leSigodlo sezindela saseShaolin esiseHenan, sithuthukisa ukusungulwa kobuciko be-gongfu.
Ngakho-ke ekupheleni kobukhosi bakwaMing lobu buciko bokulwa babuvame kakhulu ukwenziwa futhi ezincwadini zangaleso sikhathi zingagqanyiswa kanye nebutho eliqinile lesigodlo sezindela saseShaolin ekhulwini leshumi nambili lapho kwakwenziwa khona ukuvivinya umzimba okuhlobene nobuTao.
Njengemikhuba yokuphefumula namandla okuhlakulela amandla eyaziwa ngokuthi i-qígong, ethuthukisa amandla angaphakathi ngenxa yokuzivocavoca kwezempilo nokuphila isikhathi eside, okwaziwa ngegama elithi yangsheng, ukuvumela ukukhululeka ngokomoya.
Omunye wabameleli bayo abakhulu emikhubeni yamaTao uWang Zuyuan owazalwa ngo-1820 futhi washona ngo-1882 njengoba ayeyisazi esikhulu kanye nomphathi omkhulu owafunda esigodlweni sezindela saseShaolin enesihloko esithi Illustrated Exhibition of Internal Techniques lapho izingcezu eziyisishiyagalombili zendwangu ezinobukhulu obukhulu. ithonya lenkolo elivela ohlwini lwakwaMing.
Njengoba kufakazelwa ku-Zen Buddhism, ukwamukelwa kokuzivocavoca kokulima kwangaphakathi kusuka kusiko likaShaolin ukuze kuhambisane nomzimba wenyama futhi kuvunyelwe ukugxila endaweni ukuze kuqondwe okungokomoya. Ngakho-ke ubuciko bokulwa banesibopho sokunikeza inkambiso kwezobuciko bokulwa ngegama elithi budō
Nokho, iZen Buddhism esizweni samaJapane iye yamukelwa umndeni wakwaHojo ngekhulu le-XNUMX, omunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu umpristi uRinzai Takuan Sōhō ngenxa yemibhalo yakhe ehlobene nalesi siko elihambisana ne-budō ukwenza imikhuba yezempi. amaSamurai ayeyingcweti kwezempi eyabusa izwe amakhulu eminyaka.
Ngisho nalesi sikole saseRinzai sithatha amasu wamandla esikweni lamaTao owethulwa nguHakuin owazalwa ngo-1686 futhi wafa ngo-1769 owathatha amasu ku-hermit okuthiwa uHakuyu.
Ubani owamvumela ukuba aphulukise izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo ngomkhuba onamandla walezi zivivinyo ezaziwa ngegama elithi naikan, egxilisa ingqondo namandla abalulekile e-ki etholakala endaweni engezansi kwenkaba.
Ubuciko obuxhumene nalesi siko
Phakathi kwazo singabala i-calligraphy, imidwebo, izinkondlo njengoba kwenzeka ku-Haiku, i-ikebana equkethe ubuciko baseJapane bokuhlelwa kwezimbali kanye nomkhosi wetiye njengesiko lokulungiselela lokhu kufakwa futhi okuyingxenye yemikhuba eyenziwayo. ngaphandle ku-Zen Buddhism ukujwayela umzimba ngokuphindaphinda izenzo ukuze ubuyele esikhathini samanje ngokuzijwayeza.
Izindela ezaziphethe ukudweba ubuciko bakudala baseShayina ukuze ziveze ukuqonda okungokomoya ngokubona, zibe isibonelo salokhu, kwakunguMuqi Fachang noGuanxiu.
Ngaphezu kuka-Hakuin, owayephethe ukunaba ngekhophasi ye-sumi-e, eyimidwebo ebhekisela ku-inki nokugeza, ebaluleke kakhulu ku-Zen Buddhism ngomkhuba wokuzivocavoca ukuphinda ukuthula kwengqondo.
Ukuhlehla okwenziwa ngale ndlela ngaphezu Kwemikhuba
Lezi zindawo zokuhlehla ku-Zen Buddhism zivame ukwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwamanye amathempeli abhekisela kuwo ngolimi lwesiJapane, le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-sesshin ngezikhathi ezisukela phakathi kwemizuzu engamashumi amathathu kuya kwamashumi amahlanu lapho ikhefu lithathwa khona ngaphezu kokudla njengengxenye yomthetho walokhu. ukwenza amadlozi.
Ngokwalokho okungafakazelwa emathempelini nasezindlini zezindela kanye nasezikhungweni lapho kwenziwa khona imikhuba yale mikhuba yokuthwasa kanjalo nemingcwabo yeZen Buddhism lapho kufakazelwa ukuculwa kwezinkondlo, amavesi noma ama-sutra, imingcwabo ingesinye sezizathu ezenza lokho. abantu abaningi basondelana nalesi siko.
Phakathi kwalawa ma-sutra ku-Zen Buddhism, i-Heart Sutra yaziwa kanye ne-Lotus Sutra, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Avalokiteśvara Sutra njengoba kunezinkulungwane zezinkondlo ezihlobene nezinkonzo zalesi siko kanye nezenzo eziphindaphindayo eziba yimikhuba.
Enye yemikhuba eyaziwa kakhulu nevame ukuvama ku-Zen Buddhism ihlobene nomkhosi we-Mizuko kuyō, ohunyushwa eSpanishi njengengane yasemanzini eyenziwa lapho kuphuphunyelwa yisisu noma kushone umbungu, owawudume kakhulu ebukhosini. I-Ming ne-Qing nakuba kusisekelo samaBuddha ingekho.
Enye imikhuba evame ukwenziwa ngeZen Buddhism ukuvuma izono noma ukuphenduka okubuye kubhekwe naseShayina Mahayana Buddhism engabonakala embhalweni onegama elithi Emperor Liang Repentance Ritual eyabhalwa uMfundisi Baozhi al ngokufanayo nezinye. imikhosi efana nobunkulunkulu bakaKami esizweni samaJapane kanye nosuku lokuzalwa lukaBuddha.
Imikhuba Eyimpicabadala
Ihlobene nama-mantras asetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukene ku-Zen Buddhism ukuzindla njengendlela yokuzivikela ebubini, isibonelo okuyi-mantra yokukhanya, evame kakhulu futhi ivela ehlelweni le-Shingon.
Le mikhuba ivame kakhulu kuZen Buddhism kusukela ebukhosini bamaTang, ngakho-ke ingafakazelwa emibhalweni yayo kanye nasemibhalweni egcinwe esigodlweni sezindela saseShaolin kusukela ngekhulu lesi-1264 ngokusebenzisa amagama abhalwe ngamagama kanye nama-dhāraṇī, ngakho omunye wabameleli bayo abakhulu UKeizan Jōkin owazalwa ngonyaka we-1325 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-XNUMX.
Okufakazelwa esikoleni saseSoto ngenxa yalo mlingiswa futhi kuZen Buddhism uMyuan Eisai ubonwa owazalwa ngonyaka we-1141 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-1215, wayengumsebenzi weBuddhism efihliwe ngaphezu kokubhala ngaleso sihloko kanye okufanayo. kwenziwa imicikilisho kule ndawo njenge-homa lapho iminikelo yenziwa khona emlilweni ongcwele.
Izimfundiso nemibhalo ehlobene nalesi siko
Lesi siko lobuBuddha beZen sihlobene neqiniso langaphakathi kanye nesiko lefilosofi, ikakhulukazi imfundiso kaMahāyāna ukulandela indlela ye-bodhisattva ehlobene nendlela okufanele ilandelwe futhi ama-sutra abaluleke kakhulu kuleli siko lasendulo .
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Zen Buddhism igxile kakhulu ku-Mahāyāna Buddhism ngokwemibhalo yasendulo eye yaphenywa, nakuba eSingomeni sobukhosi ngonyaka we-960 kuya ku-1297 lesi siko kukhulunywa ngalo ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo ngaleso sikhathi ngisho nasemakilasini. kuphezulu ngoba kuthiwa kuphambene nobuhlakani ukuvimbela amagama noma imishwana ukuthi ingasungulwa ngesikhathi sokuzindla.
Njengoba i-Zen Buddhism ihlobene nokukhanyiselwa kukaBuddha ngokuphindaphinda izenzo ezivela ekuboneni ngaphezu kweSutra ethile hhayi ngemiqondo.
Ekuqaleni kobukhosi bamaTang, izikole zamaBuddha zazihlobene neSutra ethile njengoba kungafakazelwa emlandweni ngokubheka lokhu okulandelayo:
- I-Srimaladevi Sutra esimweni sesikole saseHuike
- I-Awakening of Faith eyenziwa yi-Daoxin School
- Lankavatara Sutra by the Eastern Mountain School
- I-Diamond Sutra kanye ne-Platform Sutra yisikole i-Shenhui
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi enye ye-Sutras evame ukusetshenziswa yi-Sutra of Enlightenment Perfect, nakuba iyadingeka ku-Zen Buddhism ukuba inake isikhathi samanje futhi ithembele ekuhlakanipheni okungokwemvelo komuntu njengomunye wabakhulu kakhulu. izimfanelo ezibalulekile futhi eziye zaba nethonya elikhulu kubuBuddha ezwenikazi lase-Asia.
Izincwadi ezihlobene neZen Buddhism
Ngenxa yesiko layo elibanzi lombhalo mayelana neZen Buddhism, inani elikhulu lezincwadi ezihlobene nalesi sihloko lingafakazelwa, okubaluleke kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukuphatha Ngeminyango Emibili kanye Nemikhuba Emine, ebizwa nge-Bohhidharma
- I-Platform Sutra okuthiwa i-Huineng ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX
- Amarekhodi okudlulisa, njenge-Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall Zǔtángjí, 952 kanye namaRekhodi Okudluliselwa Kwesibani ahlanganiswa nguTao - yün ashicilelwa ngonyaka we-1004.
- Uhlobo lwe-YÜ – lü oluqukethe ukuqoshwa kongcweti kanye nezingxoxo zokuhlangana kwabo, isibonelo salokhu kungaba uLin – ji yü – lü owaziwa ngokuthi iRekhodi likaLinji ebukhosini beNgoma.
- Amaqoqo e-Koan ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi, I-Gateless Barrier kanye ne-Blue Cliff Record.
- Imibhalo yephrozi kanye nemisebenzi yefilosofi yomsuka wamaShayina njengemibhalo kaGuifebg Zongmi
- Umbhalo we-Japanese Zen othi Shōbōgenzō ka-Dōgen kanye Nesibani Saphakade Se-Zen ebhalwe ngu-Tōrei Enji
- Umbhalo wesi-Korean Izingcaphuno ezivela Eqoqweni le-Dharma kanye Nerekhodi Lokusebenza Okukhethekile ngamanothi kaJinul womuntu siqu
Izinganekwane ze-Chan
I-Zen Buddhism eyaziwa ngolimi lwesiShayina ngokuthi u-Chán yaqala kulesi sizwe, esihlukaniswe izinkathi ezimbalwa ngabameleli baso abambalwa, phakathi kwabo isigaba sakudala singahlukaniswa kanye nesimo se-post-classical.
I-Proto - Chán c. 500 kuya ku-600 lapho uBukhosi baseNingizimu neNyakatho c. 420 kuya ku-589 kanye nobukhosi bakwaSui c. 589 kuya ku-618 CE. Khona-ke i-Early Chán ibhekwa evela phakathi kweminyaka engama-600 kuya kwengu-900 yobukhosi baseTang.
Middle Chán c. 750 kuya ku-1000 lapho Ukuhlubuka kwe-An Lushan kubonwa kuze kube yisikhathi seMibuso Emihlanu kanye nemibuso Eyishumi. U-Chán ohlwini lozalo Lwengoma c.950 kuya ku-1300.
Maqondana nombuso we-postclassical, ubukhosi bakwaMing phakathi kuka-1368 no-1644 buyabonakala, bulandelwa ubukhosi bakwa-Qing phakathi kuka-1644 no-1912, futhi kuwo kubhekwa isiko elikhulu lokubuyisana koBuddhism, khona-ke isigaba sokugcina sibonwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX lapho. izwe laseNtshonalanga liboniswa lingena eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia livumelanisa imibono yalo nezwe laseNtshonalanga.
Mayelana nemvelaphi yayo
UbuBuddha beZen beza esizweni samaShayina buvela e-Asia Ephakathi naseNdiya, buzivumelanisa nesiko lalelo zwe ngokuphathelene nemibono yemicabango kaConfucian kanye nobuTao, abalandeli babo bokuqala bengababomcabango wesibili, futhi bawamukela lamasu ngaphezu kwalokho. ukuwahlanganisa neTaoism ekubeni ngabameleli bayo ekuqaleni iSengzhao neTao Sheng.
Labo ababona emizimbeni yabo izinzuzo ze-Zen Buddhism ngakho bathola lesi siyalo kwabanye abantu abanentshisekelo empilweni yemizimba yabo, ingqondo nomphefumulo wabo.
I-Proto-Chán
Mayelana nalesi sigaba, c. 500 kuya ku-600, i-Zen Buddhism yathuthukiswa enyakatho yesizwe saseChina, ngakho yayisekelwe kumkhuba we-dhyana, ohlobene nabalingiswa u-Bodhidharma no-Huike, kodwa ulwazi oluncane lutholakala ngabo ngoba lwaziwa ngabo ngokusebenzisa izinganekwane ezalotshwa ohlwini lozalo lwamaTang.
Enye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu yincwadi enesihloko esithi I-Two Entrances kanye Nemikhuba Emine engafakazelwa e-Dunhuang futhi ukudalwa kwayo kuthiwa yi-Bodhidharma.Kuphinde kuphawulwe ukuthi lezi zibalo zaziphethe ukudlulisa i-Lankavatara Sutra, nakuba kungekho lutho olubhaliwe. okusho njalo.angaqinisekisa.
Early Chan
Lolu hlobo lweZen Buddhism luhlobene nokuqala kokuqala kobukhosi baseTang ngonyaka wama-618 kuya ku-750 lapho ummeleli uDaman Hongren owazalwa ngonyaka wama-601 kuya ku-674.
Ngaphezu kwendlalifa yakhe u-Yuquan Shenxiu kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe ngonyaka wama-606 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngonyaka wama-706, bathanda isisekelo sesikole sokuqala seZen Buddhism esaziwa ngegama le-East Mountain School.
Kukulesi sikhungo lapho u-Hongren angena khona ukuze afundise imikhuba yokuvikela ingqondo maqondana nemvelo kaBuddha ngokusebenzisa izenzo eziphindaphindiwe eziholela ekuzindleni. Ngokuqondene noShenxiu, wayengomunye wabafundi abangcono kakhulu baka-Master Hongren, kangangokuthi wayenothando lwakhe emisebenzini kangangoba umfundi wamenyelwa eNkantolo Yombuso ka-Empress Wu.
Ekuqaleni wagxekwa ngenxa yezimfundiso zakhe kancane kancane, waphinde walandela izimfundiso zikaMaster Huineng owazalwa ngonyaka ka-638 futhi washona ngonyaka ka-713, omunye wemibhalo yakhe eyinhloko i-Platform Sutra, wabhekana nayo. umbono wokuvuka kancane kancane kweBuddhism Zen ngokukhanya okungazelelwe.
Middle Chan
Kuhlanganisa iminyaka engama-750 kuya ku-1000 eqala nge-An Lushan Rebellion eyaqala ngonyaka wama-755 yaphela ngonyaka wama-763 kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi seMibuso Emihlanu kanye nemibuso Eyishumi eyenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engama-907 kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka. 960 noma 979 ngalesi sikhathi kwasungulwa izikole ezintsha zeZen Buddhism.
Esinye sezibaluleke kakhulu kwakuyisikole saseHongzhou esasimelwe uMazu Daoyi owazalwa ngo-709 futhi wafa ngo-788. Kukhona nabanye abameleli balesi siko abafana no-Baizhang.
I-Huangbo ne-Shitō. Zazisekelwe ekuboniseni ukuqonda komuntu siqu ngaphezu kokwenqaba izitatimende eziqinisekisayo kanye nokugcizelela inkhulumomphendvulwano phakathi komfundisi nomfundi ngochungechunge lwemibuzo nezimpendulo.
Kuyaphawulwa ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwachazwa ukuthi ingqondo inguBuddha futhi ihola indlela eya ekukhanyeni ebonisa ukushintsha kwepharadigm. Omunye wabameleli abakhulu balesi sikhathi, uLinjí Yixuan uthathwa njengomsunguli wesikole i-Línji Rinzai, eqeda ubukhosi bamaTang, ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwesizwe esisempumalanga.
Kubalulekile futhi ukugqamisa esinye isibalo seZen Buddhism, esifana nenkosi uXuefeng Yicun, owakhuluma ngengxoxo yokuhlangana futhi kulapho lapho kubonwa khona ukuvuthwa kwayo, ngoba kusetshenziswa ulimi olungenangqondo ngandlela thize ngaphezu kokungewona izenzo zomlomo ezivezwa ngokuthinta komzimba, njengokumemeza ngisho nokushaya.
Esinye sezenzo okwakumelwe zisetshenziswe kwakuwukubhala izingxoxo zezingxoxo noma imihlangano eyayingelona iqiniso futhi okwakuthiwa yayinezibalo ezandulele zenkolo yobuBuddha beZen. lapho Babhala khona izinganekwane zokuhlangana okuningi kanye nohlu lozalo lwesikole iChán noma iZen kule ncwadi.
Nakuba kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukushushiswa okukhulu okwenzeka eShayina Anti-Buddhism ngonyaka ka-845, kwaqothula idolobha elikhulu iZen, kodwa isikole saseMazu sakwazi ukusinda kulesi sigameko esibi futhi yisona esathatha indima yokuhola eTang. ubukhosi kuZen Buddhism. .
I-Zen Buddhism Kubukhosi Bengoma
Lo bukhosi beNgoma bathatha unyaka wama-950 kuya ku-1300 lapho ubuBuddha be-Zen bathatha khona ngokuphelele ngokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-koan kanye nokuqaphela umlando wawo omuhle ngenxa yezinganekwane zenkathi yegolide yobukhosi baseTang.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iZen Buddhism yaba ihlelo elikhulu kunawo wonke esizweni saseShayina, ngaphezu kokuqinisa ubuhlobo nohulumeni wobukhosi, okwavumela ukwakhiwa kwamathempeli ukuba kwandiswe ngaphezu kokuba semthethweni ngezikhundla, umholi wawo omkhulu kwakuyisikole saseLinji. lapho Athola khona inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lezazi ezisemthethweni ezaziwa ngegama elithi shí dàfū ezakha inkantolo yombuso.
Lapho, kuleso sikhungo, izincwadi zecala lomphakathi ezaziwa ngegama elithi yong'an zathuthukiswa futhi zanwetshwa, lapho izinganekwane zokuhlangana phakathi kwamakhosi nabafundi zisungulwa njengasenkathini yegolide yobukhosi baseTang. Ngakho-ke lezi gong zabonwa yileli siko lobuBuddha beZen njengokukhombisa ukukhanyisela ingqondo.
Ngekhulu le-1091, kwaqala ukuncintisana phakathi kwezikole zaseCaodong naseLinji ngenxa yokusekelwa yizazi ezisemthethweni, esinye sazo kwakunguHongzhi Zhengjue owazalwa ngo-1157 futhi washona ngonyaka we-XNUMX esikoleni saseCaodong esazwakalisa ukuthula. ukukhanya noma ukuzindla okuzolile kusetshenziswa igama elithi mòzhào njengomkhuba owenziwe uwedwa ongenziwa abalandeli nje.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, ummeleli wesikole iLinji Dahui Zonggao, owazalwa ngo-1089 futhi washona ngonyaka we-1163, ufake igama elithi k'an-hua chán, elihunyushwa olimini lwethu lweSpanishi njengobuciko bokubuka igama lokuqala. , okwenza ukuzindla kwakusenkingeni ukuthi yimuphi umqansa okumele ulandele kulena emibili.
Ebukhosini beNgoma kunekhonkodenti phakathi kweZen Buddhism kanye nePure Land lapho ummeleli wayo kwakunguYongming Yanshou owazalwa ngo-904 futhi washona ngonyaka wama-975.
Wasebenzisa umsebenzi kaZonming ukuze aqinise izindinganiso zeTaoism kanye neConfucianism ukuze zivumelane nefilosofi yobuBuddha. Ngakho isikole seZen naso saba namathonya avela kuNeo-Confucianism kanye neTaoism, isibonelo salokhu kwakuyisikole saseQuanzhen.
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi kulesi sikhathi kwenziwa izincwadi zenani elikhulu lama-koan, njengethi The Barrier without a Door kanye ne-Registry of the Blue Cliff, lapho kubonakala khona ithonya lesigaba songqondongqondo sesizwe saseShayina.
Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ubuBuddha beZen budluliselwa esizweni saseJapane, bube nethonya elikhulu ku-Korean Seon ngommeleli u-Bojo Jinul, indela yaseKorea ebukhosini baseGoryeo ngoBuddhism obuzindla baseKorea.
I-Postclassical Zen
Ebukhosini bakwaMing, ubuBuddha beZen babubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi zonke izindela zaseShayina zazihlobene nesikole saseLinji noma isikole saseCaodong njengoba kwakuyibo abameleli abakhulu balo mcabango.
Ngalokho okukhulunywayo kule nkathi yekhonkodensi phakathi kweZen Buddhism kanye nePure Land Buddhism eyayaziwa futhi ngegama elithi Nianfo Chán njengoba kungafakazelwa ekuhlakanipheni kukaZhongfeng Mingben owazalwa ngo-1263 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-1323.
Ngaphezu komholi omkhulu uHanshan Dequing owazalwa ngonyaka ka-1546 futhi wafa ngo-1623, okuyisimangaliso esikhulu kulawa mazwe, ngakho kwaba nesikhathi lapho ungekho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwale mikhuba emibili kanye nezindela eziningi namathempeli. babephethe imfundiso yeZen Buddhism kanye neNianfo Buddhism.
Ebukhosini bakwaMing, kubhekwa izazi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvuselela nokuvumelanisa ubuBuddha beZen nomkhuba wokutadisha ama-sutra, phakathi kwawo kukhona nezibalo zikaDagua Zhenke owazalwa ngo-1543 futhi washona ngo-1603 kanye noYunqi Zhuhong owazalwa ngo-1535 futhi. wafa ngo-1615.
Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kobukhosi bakwa-Qing, ubuBuddha beZen base bebuyisiwe ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwabo ngomkhuba wokushaywa nokumemeza ngenxa yommeleli uMiyun Yuanwu owazalwa ngo-1566 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-1642.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwanyatheliswa incwadi ethi Wudeng yantong, ebhekisela ekuhanjisweni okuqinile kwezikole ezinhlanu zeZen, eyabhalwa uFeiyin Tongrong owazalwa ngo-1593 futhi washona ngonyaka ka-1662. Le ncwadi yabeka izindela zeZen ezihlukahlukene esigabeni sa uhlu lozalo olungaziwa kodwa izindela ezimbalwa zesikole saseCaodong azifakwanga.
Inkathi yesimanje yeZen Buddhism
Ngemva kokuwohloka kobukhosi bakwa-Qing kusukela ngo-1644 kuya ku-1912, ubuBuddha beZen baphinde bathathwa ekhulwini le-XNUMX nelama-XNUMX ngethonya lesimanje, lapho ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi ngenhloso yokuguqula ubuBuddha empilweni yomuntu ngegama elithi rensheng fojiao.
Yayimelwe yizibalo ezimbili ezinkulu ezifana noYuanying (1878 - 1953), Jing'an (1851 - 1912), Xuyun (1840 - 1959), Taixu (1890 -1947) kanye noYinshun (1906 - 2005). Ngakho-ke, laba bameleli bakhuthaza lo msebenzi ngenhloso yokunciphisa ubumpofu nokungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalakahle kanye nokukhuthaza isayensi yesimanje nezindlela zokufunda umlando weZen Buddhism.
Nakuba ngeminyaka yawo-1960 ubuBuddha babunqatshelwe ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX ku-Proletarian Cultural Revolution, kodwa kamuva ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX ubuBuddha beZen baphinde baqalwa ngamandla amakhulu, bazuza abalandeli ngaphandle kwemingcele yaleli zwe. zalokhu kuziphatha ziyabhekwa.
Ezinye izizwe zase-Asia kanye nobudlelwano bazo nalesi siko
Nakhu okuncane ngamasiko ahlukahlukene ase-Asia agcina umsuka ofanayo:
Ukuzindla
Igama elithi Zen eVietnam laziwa ngegama elithi Thiền futhi lasungulwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaShayina phakathi kuka-111 BC no-939 AD Ngokwesiko laleli zwe laseVietnam, indela ngonyaka wama-580 eyavela eNdiya okuthiwa uVinitaruchi.
I-Tì-ni-đa-lưu-chi ibhalwe ngalolu limi. Wathuthela eVietnam ngemva kokufunda noMfundisi Sengcan, owayengumbhishobhi wesithathu weZen Buddhism. Phakathi nezizukulwane zikaLý ezadlula phakathi kweminyaka engu-1009 kuya ku-1225 kanye nobukhosi bakwaTrần phakathi neminyaka eyi-1225 kuya ku-1400 ubuBuddha beZen bakhula baba nokuduma phakathi kwezikhulu kanye nenkantolo yasebukhosini.
Isikole seTruc Lam sasungulwa ngenkosi yaseVietnam lapho ithonya leConfucianism neTaoism lingabonakala. Khona-ke, ngekhulu le-XNUMX, iqembu lezindela laseShayina elalingaphansi komyalo kaNguyen Thieu laliphethe ukwakha isikole esisha esiqine kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi iLam Te, kusukela lapho sasakazekela kwelinye igatsha ngesisekelo sesinye isikole Igama elithi Lieu Quan.
Ngekhulu le-XNUMX lapho ubuBuddha beZen bubusa khona. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi namuhla isigodlo sezindela sase-Lâm Tế siyi-oda elinenani elikhulu labalandeli balesi simiso.
Lesi siyalo sesimanje saseVietnam sine-eclectic futhi siyabandakanya, sivumela umkhuba wokuphefumula ngokusebenzisa i-nianfo, i-mantras kanye nethonya le-Theravada kanye nokucula, i-sutra oratory kanye nobushoshovu bobuBuddha obuzibophezele kusiko lobuBuddha be-Zen.
Abamele abaphezulu kakhulu nguthisha uThiền ogama lakhe lingu-Thích Tanh Từ owazalwa ngo-1924 kanye nesishoshovu okuthiwa u-Thíc Nhầt Hanh owazalwa ngo-1926 kanye nesazi sefilosofi u-Thích Thiên - An.
USeon
Kancane kancane yadluliselwa esizweni samaKorea ngesikhathi sombuso wakwaSilla owasungulwa phakathi kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX nelesi-XNUMX ngoba njengoba izindela zaseKorea ziya eChina zafunda okuningi ngeZen Buddhism futhi zaziphethe nokusungula izikole ezweni laseKorea ngaphansi kwe igama leZikole Eziyisishiyagalolunye Ezintabeni.
Uthisha ka-Koryo, indela uJinul, wahlanganisa i-Seon gue kanye nethempeli le-Songgwangsa njengesikhungo sokufunda nokwenza lokhu kuqondiswa kwe-Zen Buddhism nge-Jogye Order. Okubalulekile, le monki Jinul.
Wayebuye abe nomthwalo wokubhala imibhalo eminingana, ephatha ukuhlanganisa umcabango nokuzijwayeza, emukela indlela ye-Dahui Zonggao, namuhla okuyindlela yokugcina ukuzindla eSeon.
Nakuba kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Zen Buddhism nayo yacindezelwa ebukhosini bukaJoseon phakathi kuka-1392 no-1910, ngakho-ke inani lalezi zindela nezindela lehla kakhulu. Khona-ke umsebenzi waseJapane waletha izinguquko kanye nezimo ezintsha ku-Korean Seon.
Phakathi kwazo, kwamukelwa ukuthi izindela zingashada futhi zibe nabantwana, nakuba ezinye izindela ezinjengoYongseong zaziqikelela ukuthi zibhekane nomsebenzi wamaJapane, isikole esikhulu kunazo zonke eSeon yithempeli laseJogye futhi sidinga ukungashadi kubefundisi.
Ngenkathi isikole sesibili seSeon kuleli zwe laseKorea i-Taego Order futhi kuyo izindela zingashada. Phakathi kwezibalo ezivelele kakhulu ku-Seon yamanje kukhona i-Seoncheol ne-Gyeongheo, lapho ithonya labo lifinyelele emazweni aseNtshonalanga ngamasiko amasha okufanele enziwe, njenge-Kwan Um School.
I-Japanese Zen Buddhism
UbuBuddha beZen basungulwa njengesikole esihlukile kwaze kwaba sekhulwini leshumi nambili njengoba uMyōan Eisai ethuthela eShayina wabe esebuyela eJapane ukuyoqala uhlu lozalo lukaLinji ngemva kwalokho uNampo Shōmyō owazalwa ngo-1235 futhi wafa ngonyaka we-1308 efunda izimfundiso zikaLinji. e-China ukuthatha izintambo zokusungula uzalo lwama-Otokan e-Japan oselukhona futhi olufana nolweSikole sase-Rinzai.
Kuleli zwe laseJapane ngonyaka we-1215, u-Dōgen, owayephila ngesikhathi sika-Eisai omncane kakhulu, wathuthela e-China ukuze abe umfundi we-Tiantong Rujing wesikole saseCaodong, ngakho-ke, lapho ebuyela esizweni sakhe, wayephethe ukusungula iSōtō. Isikole, saba yigatsha laseJapan leSikole saseCaodong.
Ngakho-ke, izikole ezintathu ezinesiko elikhulu le-Zen Buddhism e-Japan i-Rinzai, i-Ōbaku ne-Sōtō. Ukuba i-Sōtō enkulu kakhulu kuyilapho i-Ōbaku incane kakhulu futhi i-Rinzai imaphakathi. Ngakho-ke lezi zikole zingahlukaniswa zibe ezinye izikole ezincane.
I-Sōtō enamathempeli amabili amakhulu i-Sōji-ji enenethiwekhi ebanzi kakhulu futhi i-Eihei-ji ilandelwa i-Rinzai enamathempeli amakhulu acishe abe yishumi nane kuyilapho i-Ōbaku inethempeli elilodwa eliyinhloko okuthiwa i-Manpuku-ji.
Ngokuqondene namathempeli amakhulu aseRinzai, maningi kakhulu futhi ahlobene nohlelo lwezintaba ezinhlanu, okulandelayo yiNanzen-ji, Myoshin-ji, Daitoku-ji Tenryū-ji kanye neTofuku-ji, phakathi kwabanye.
I-Zen Buddhism eNtshonalanga
Mayelana nobuBuddha beZen kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-XNUMX, kwakuncane okwakwaziwa ezwenikazi laseYurophu, okwanikezwa ukulandisa okwenziwa yimishini yobuKristu eyasuka ekhulwini le-XNUMX, ngakho ekulandiseni kwabo baphawula ngamasiko nesimo sengqondo ukwandisa ngokuqhubekayo ngesihloko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yayiphethe ukuthathwa kwalolu lwazi, nakuba ithonya layo lingabonakala emikhubeni eyenziwa abalingiswa bobuKristu, phakathi kwabo okukhona namaJesuit avelele.
Lapho kuqala ikhulu lama-1893, umkhuba nokufundisa kobuBuddha beZen kungena emazweni aseNtshonalanga ngokungagwegwesi futhi ngo-XNUMX edolobheni laseChicago emcimbini obizwa ngokuthi iPhalamende Lomhlaba Lezenkolo, indela uShaku Soyen iphethe ukunikeza inkulumo ngoMthetho. imbangela nomphumela ofundiswa ngaphansi kwemithetho kaBuddha.
Kamuva le nkulumo yahunyushwa uDaisetsu Teitaro Suzuki futhi uSoyen ngokwakhe watusa uPaul Carús ukuba aphathe ukuhumusha imibhalo esuka kwezinye izilimi njengesiPali, isiSanskrit, isiShayina nesiJapanese. Ngakho-ke, lo mhumushi wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokusabalalisa ubuBuddha beZen ekuqaleni njengoprofesa wasenyuvesi futhi kamuva njengomfundisi nomlobi wezincwadi emhlabeni wonke.
Ngenxa yezinguqulo nezingqungquthela zikaSuzuki lapho axhumanisa khona ukuqonda kwalesi siko nokugcwaliseka komuntu siqu, wakwazi ukuthonya izihlakaniphi ezifana noJung no-Einstein, u-Picasso, kanye no-Heidegger kanye nenani elikhulu labameleli bomlando wangaleso sikhathi. .
Phakathi kwezinguqulo zakhe eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zingatholakala iLankavatara Sutra, okuseyireferensi endaweni yezemfundo namuhla, kanye nemisebenzi efana ne-Essays on Zen Buddhism eye yafundwa yibo bonke abantu abafuna ukuhlolisisa ulwazi lwalokhu. ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe emathempelini amakhulu aseJapane impepho yayishiswa ngenjongo yokuhlonishwa nokutuswa kwakhe.
Maqondana maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, imfashini entsha eyaziwa ngokuthi i-counterculture yabonwa ngenxa yomdali wayo owaqamba leli gama elithi Theodore Roszak lapho kumiswa khona izindinganiso nemikhuba noma imikhuba ephikisana nomphakathi, njengoba kwenzeka esizukulwaneni. shaya.
Kungaleso sikhathi lapho odokotela be-Zen Buddhism babonwa khona eYurophu nase-United States, phakathi kwabo sesishilo kakade ngoShunryu Suzuki, bese kutholakala uPhilip Kapleau no-Alan Watts.
Labo ababenomthwalo wemfanelo wokusungula ubuBuddha beZen emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ngakho kwenziwa izifundo zokufunda ngemvelaphi yabo nolwazi ukuze busungulwe esikweni laseNtshonalanga, kubhekwa izikole eziningi eYurophu, e-Australia naseMelika.
Endabeni yaseYurophu, inethiwekhi yezikhungo zeZen Buddhism eziye zavulwa yiJapan Taisen Deshimaru, ongokwesiko lamaSōtō, igqamile. Ngokuqondene ne-United States, amakhulu ezikhungo ezihlobene neSikole sase-Rinzai ne-Sōtō sezisunguliwe.
Izibonelo zazo yiMagnolia Zen Centre esePensacola kanye neZaltho Foundation eyasungulwa nguClaude AnShin Thomas. Kanye namanye amazwe afana neKorea ngenxa yesikole samaChogye.
Izimiso ezisekelayo
Kulesi sihloko uzokwazi ukufunda izimiso eziyishumi eziyingxenye eyisisekelo ye-Zen Buddhism, ifilosofi yokuphila ehlangene nobuciko bokubona ngaphakathi kwemvelo yethu ukuze abantu bazikhulule emaketangeni engqondo. ngokusebenzisa ukuqaliswa kwamathuluzi ukuze ukwazi ukunqoba lezo eziholela ekuhluphekeni kanye nomuntu ojwayele ukubhekana nazo.
Hlala lapha futhi manje
Ithuba onalo lodwa, awukho omunye umzuzu ngaphandle kwamanje ngoba osekudlulile sekwenzekile futhi kusasele izinkumbulo kuphela, kunalokho ikusasa alikenzeki kodwa wumcabango osebenzayo esikhundleni sokusizakala ngalesi sikhathi.
Naka Konke Okwenzayo
Lokhu kufezwa ngokugxilisa ingqondo, ngakho uma wenza okuthile, kufanele ukujabulele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukubhala, ukuvivinya umzimba, noma esimweni lapho ulalele ingoma, jabulela okwenzayo ngokunaka esikhundleni sokuzulazula engqondweni yakho.
Ukwenza lokhu, kufanele umane ugxile emsebenzini owenzayo, njengokufunda lesi sihloko esithokozisayo seZen Buddhism, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuzindla okunyakazayo.
Yiba neqiniso emizweni
Nakuba kubonakala kuphindaphinda, kufanele ulalele inhliziyo yakho ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinyathelo ezifanele ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile, njengoba imizwa iyizinkomba ezikuvumela ukuthi uqondanise izinhloso zomuzwa obalulekile.
Zithande
Okokuqala nje umuzwa okufanele uzizwe ngawe ukuze uzuze inhlalakahle enhle futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlobanise uthando ngenhlonipho ngoba uphelele ngendlela oyiyo.
funda ukudedela
Ukudedela kungenye yezindawo eziyisisekelo ku-Zen Buddhism kwifilosofi yayo yempilo ephelele, njengoba izibopho zibopha umuntu futhi akuvumeli ukukhula okunempilo nokufunda ekuhlangenwe nakho okusha okungase kuvele.
Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kuyisizinda sokufunda, kuyadingeka ukudedela futhi sifunde ngaphandle kokuvumela isipiliyoni ukuthi sisihlule, ngoba yonke into ijwayele ukuguquka, yingakho ukubaluleka kokudedela.
Thembeka Kuwe Nakwabanye
Ukwethembeka kungenye yezisekelo zeZen Buddhism ngokubona imikhawulo enakho ngaphezu kwempumelelo namaphutha, ukuyivumela ukuthi yakhe ubudlelwano obuqinile nendawo yayo ngokusebenzisa le nzuzo enkulu.
Zicabangele izifiso zakho
Izifiso zakho zingase zibe sezindaweni ezibalulekile lapho wenza izinqumo, kodwa okubalulekile iwukujabulela inqubo kuyilapho izifiso zakho zifezeka, ziyimfihlo yenjabulo evumelanayo nenjongo yokuphila.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8O_F4xeCuGE
Zibophezele Wena kanye Nomhlaba
Umuntu obaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni kwakho nguwe, ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukuzinakekela wena nomhlaba njengoba sonke singabemvelo futhi sonke siyiyunithi eyodwa futhi sixhumene. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, nakekela indawo yakho ngaso sonke isikhathi, indawo yakho, ukuba nesibopho sezenzo zakho ukuze kube noshintsho lwangempela lwangaphakathi futhi ngaleyo ndlela futhi uguqule umhlaba.
Ungaphikisi Isikhathi Samanje Sokuphila, Hamba Ngaso
Ngokwezinga lapho kunokumelana okuncane nezinguquko ekuphileni, kuyoba lula kakhulu ukujabulela ukuphila okugcwele endaweni esihlala kuyo, sikhumbula ukuthi siyinto eyodwa nendawo yonke nokuthi ngandlela thile ukuphila nokufa kukhona. futhi kufanele ulandele umbuthano ngendlela evumelanayo.
Ithole Paz Ingaphakathi
Isiphetho salefilosofi yeZen Buddhism ngokuzindla ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ingqondo, ukuthula akuncikile kunoma iyiphi indawo noma kunoma yimuphi umuntu ikakhulukazi ngoba kuncike kuwe ngamaphesenti ayikhulu ngokuhlangana nobuyena bakho bangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa lezi. izimiso ezidinga ukuzijwayeza njalo kuze kube umkhuba wansuku zonke wokuzijabulisa kwakho.
I-Zen Buddhism kusikrini esikhulu
I-Zen Buddhism igxile ekuzindleni ihlezi endaweni yembali ye-lotus njengoba kuvame ukubonakala ezithombeni ezethulwa yizokuxhumana nabantu futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uqaphele umzuzu wamanje wokukusiza ukhulule ingcindezi, ukukhathazeka, intukuthelo nokukhungatheka okuzuzwayo. ngomkhuba ophindaphindayo wezenzo ovumela ukufinyelela ezimisweni eziyishumi ezichazwe ngenhla.
Ngokuzijwayeza uzokwazi ukuxhumana nawe kanye nomhlaba njengoba kuchazwe yi-Zen Buddhism futhi isikrini esikhulu asizange siphunyuke ekwenzeni amafilimu lapho lesi siko sethulwe kithi ukuze sixhumanise umuntu nemvelo njengoba kungabonakala kumafilimu alandelayo. :
Enye yazo iGuaranteed Wisdom eqondiswe ngu-Erleuchtung Garantiert ka-Doris Dörrier ngo-2000 eyethulwa eJalimane. Ungakwazi futhi ukubuka ifilimu emnandi ebizwa ngokuthi Kungani i-Bodhi-Dharma iye eMpumalanga? nguYong-Kyun Bae ngo-1989 eyethulwa eNingizimu Korea.
Enye ifilimu iSpring, Summer, Autumn, Winter... kanye nentwasahlobo kaKim Ki-duk waseNingizimu Korea ngo-2003, yethulwa eJalimane lapho kuxoxwa khona indaba yomfundi nothisha wakhe, bebodwa entabeni indlu etholakala engxenyeni yechibi lapho izinkathi zokuphila zihamba phakathi kwemidlalo yabo.
Ungakwazi futhi ukubona ifilimu ethi Un Buda ka-Diego Rafecas ka-2005, eyethulwa e-Argentina, nakuba kukhona amanye amafilimu enabelana ngawo njengomndeni ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi itulo labo libhekisela ku-Zen Buddhism, njengoba kwenzeka ku-Kun fu Panda, the Saga of Star Wars, Little Buddha, Seven Years in Tibet, The Matrix, Strange Coincidences, The Tree of Life, phakathi kwabanye.
Amaqiniso amangalisayo weZen Buddhism
Kubalulekile ukugqamisa kulesi sihloko ukuthi iZen Buddhism iyifilosofi yokuphila ngoba kulesi siko akukho nkulunkulu othize okhonzwayo futhi ayigxilile ekuguquleleni abantu emfundisweni yayo ngoba uBuddha ngemuva kokufunda imicabango nezinkolo ezahlukahlukene ngokufunda ukuzindla ukuze akhulule. umuntu uqobo ekuhluphekeni futhi afinyelele ukukhululeka okungokomoya.
Le filosofi ye-Zen Buddhism ichaza ukuthi yonke into inesiqalo nesiphetho, kuhlanganise nathi bantu, njengoba kungumthetho oyingxenye yemvelo, njengoba ungeyona into ehlala njalo, njengoba sihlupheka sizama ukwenza yonke into ifane emsebenzini, empilweni, impilo yombhangqwana.
Lapha kuyasichazelwa ukuthi yonke into inesiqalo nesiphetho, ngakho ukukwamukela kusenza siphile ngokuzwana nempilo esikhundleni sokunengwa yikho. Elinye lamaphuzu akhe asemqoka kuZen Buddhism wukuphila ngaso sonke isikhathi esikhathini samanje lapha namanje.
Hhayi-ke, sinomkhuba wokuzulazula emicabangweni yesikhathi esedlule eseyenzekile kakade futhi engeke iguqulwe noma esikhathini esizayo esiseduze esingakaqiniseki futhi kukule filosofi yokuphila lapho sifundiswa khona ukunaka imisebenzi yethu. sifeza ngokuzibophezela okungamaphesenti ayikhulu.
Njengoba ukuphila bekuyoba okuhluke kakhulu uma sinaka ukudla esikudlayo esikunambithayo ukuluma ngakunye ngesikhathi esifanele noma engxoxweni esiba nayo nabanye abakhulumelanayo ukuze sizuze ekujabuleleni izenzo zethu zamanje, okuwukuphela kwayo. iqiniso elikhona. Njengoba kungabonwa embhalweni olandelayo obhalwe nguThich Nhat Hanh:
“… Ukuphila kungatholakala kuphela esikhathini samanje, kodwa izingqondo zethu azivamile ukuhlala esikhathini samanje. Kunalokho, sijaha okwedlule noma silangazelela ikusasa. Sicabanga ukuthi yithina ngokwethu, kepha empeleni asikaze sixhumane nathi ngokwethu… ”
“…Izingqondo zethu zimatasa kakhulu zilandela izinkumbulo zayizolo noma amaphupho akusasa. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuxhumana nokuphila ukubuyela esikhathini samanje. Uma usukwazi ukuthi ubuyela kanjani esikhathini samanje, uzophaphama futhi ngalowo mzuzu kutholakale ubuwena bangempela…”
Ngakho-ke lesi sihloko sisikhombisa ukuthi ukuzindla kungumnikelo oyinhloko we-Zen Buddhism, ukuthutha okukuvumela ukuba ufinyelele ukukhululwa kwengqondo. Hhayi-ke, ikuvumela ukuthi uqaphele imicabango yakho, uvumele ukugxilisa ingqondo okukhulu. Ngaphezu kokuqonda ukuthi siyingxenye yento yonke futhi kuqala ngokuphefumula obaziyo.
Ukuze uzizwe u-Zen Buddhism, kuyadingeka ukuzwa inqubo, ekhonjiswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izici zokuphila, ngoba ukufinyelela umgomo akuwona umphumela, kodwa kunalokho inqubo oyenzile ukuyifinyelela, okuyimfihlo. yalesi siyalo.
I-Zen Buddhism namasiko eNtshonalanga
Njengamanje ubuBuddha beZen bungabonwa eNtshonalanga kodwa bufakazelwa ngokuncinza okuyinqaba nanjengesampula yenganekwane yalelo siko lasendulo kodwa omunye wothisha bayo uTaisen Deshimaru uchaza ngamazwi akhe le ngcaphuno yomlando wayo:
“…kunzima, ngiyazi. Kodwa okwenziwa nsuku zonke kuphumelela kakhulu ekwandiseni ukuqonda kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-intuition ... kukhiqiza amandla amakhulu, futhi kuyisimo sokuvuka ... kungukugxila kuphela ekumeni, ukuphefumula kanye nesimo sengqondo somoya. .."
Izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ukuze uzindle kulesi siqondiso
Ngokuqondene nokuma kwakho, kufanele usebenzise i-zafu, okuwumcamelo oyindilinga lapho kufanele uhlale khona futhi unqamule imilenze yakho endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-lotus ngenhloso yokuthi amadolo ahlale phansi kuyilapho umgogodla kufanele uqonde.
Isilevu kufanele sibe phakathi futhi intamo ibe yinde ukuze ikhala liqonde ngqo endaweni efanayo nenkaba. Kuthiwa baphusha phansi ngamadolo bezama ukuthinta isibhakabhaka ngamakhanda.
Izandla kufanele zibekwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: beka isandla sobunxele esandleni sakho sokudla futhi izintende zibheke phansi, izithupha ziyathintana zilingisa umugqa oqondile futhi kufanele ziphumule ezinyaweni ngenkathi wenza i-sutras noma izingoma.
Amahlombe kufanele akhululeke futhi isihloko solimi kufanele sithinte ulwanga futhi ukubuka kufanele kube kude nemitha elilodwa maqondana nomhlaba ngaphandle kokugxila kunoma iyiphi into.
Elinye lamaphuzu okufanele licatshangelwe ukuphefumula ngesi-Zen Buddhism ngesiSanskrit, laziwa ngegama elithi anapanasati futhi lenziwa lapho kuphakama ukuma okufanele.Kulokhu, kufanele usungule isigqi esinensayo nesingokwemvelo, sibe ukujula okuthambile nokude isikhathi eside. .
Khona-ke umoya kufanele ushayelwe emakhaleni kancane kancane futhi buthule, uqhathaniswa nokuphefumula kwezinkomo noma usana olusanda kuzalwa lapho ukuphefumula kubonakala khona esiswini.
Isimo sengqondo siyadingeka ukuze kudlule izithombe, imicabango kanye nezakhiwo njengokungathi amafu esibhakabhakeni ngaphandle kokuzahlulela ukuze ziphele zize zifinyelele ekuqulekeni okubizwa ngokuthi i-hiryo, okuwubumsulwa obungangabazeki.
Lokhu kuhambisana nokuma nokuphefumula kweZen Buddhism futhi kudinga ukuzijwayeza okuningi ukuze kufezeke, yingakho uguquko emzimbeni wenyama lufakazelwa kanye nokuthuthuka kokujikeleza kobuchopho.
Izimfanelo Eziyinhloko Zokuba Khona
Ngokombono we-Zen Buddhism izimfanelo zobukhona zintathu futhi zaziwa ngokuthi isikhashana, ukungabi khona komuntu siqu kanye nokunganeliseki.
Mayelana ne-Transience, ihlobene noshintsho oluqhubekayo, ngoba akukho lutho olungahlala lufana phakade. Ngakho-ke, igama lesikhashana kufanele lamukelwe, eliba yiZen Buddhism ukuze lifinyelele iqiniso ngokuguqulwa kwenqubekelaphambili, ukuqonda ukuthi yonke into iwukubonakaliswa.
Ukungabi khona koBuqu mayelana naleli gama kugcizelela ukuthi awukho umphefumulo ongafi kumuntu ngamunye njengoba, ngokwemfundiso yeZen Buddhism, umuntu wakhiwe izici ezinhlanu ezibalulekile: umzimba, ukubona, ukuzwa, ukwazi. kanye nemisebenzi yengqondo.
Ukunganeliseki kubhekiselwa ekuhluphekeni kuyikhwalithi yesithathu yokuphila. Kuhambisana nokuzalwa, ukufa, ukubola, izinkathazo, ubuhlungu, Ukulila, ukuphelelwa ithemba kanye nokuba khona ngokwakho.
Ukuhlupheka kuvela emicabangweni yomuntu ngokwakhe kanye nezimfundiso zeZen Buddhism kuhloswe ngazo ukumsiza ukuba eqe umuzwa wakhe wobuntu, ngoba lolu shintsho lomuntu siqu lufinyelelwa njengendlela kuphela umuntu angathola ngayo umuzwa wokwaneliseka kweqiniso kuye. kanjalo nomhlaba.
UBuddha wafundisa ukuthi umthombo wokuhlupheka ungaphakathi kuyena futhi ngethemba waphetha ngokuthi kukhona okungenziwa ukuze kuxazululwe ukunganeliseki kwabantu. Ngakho-ke iZen Buddhism ivumela izihluthulelo zayo ngokwenza kwayo kwansuku zonke.
Amaqiniso amane ethulwa yiZen Buddhism
Ku-Zen Buddhism ukuhlupheka kuyabonakala ngaphezu kwezimbangela zako kanye nalokho okudingayo ukuze uzuze ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuphatheka kabi ngokusebenzisa amaqiniso amane ahloniphekile. Okubalulekile wukuba khona kokunganeliseki, okuyinto engeke igwemeke, bese kulandela ukulangazelela noma isifiso njengempande yalokho okucatshangelwa ukuthi ukungeneliseki, kwazise kusuke kuphenduke insakavukela umchilo wesidwaba kwazise idinwa wukufuna ukufeza esinye isifiso.
Iqiniso lesithathu lihambisana nokuqeda isifiso ukuze kungabikho ubuhlungu, ngakho-ke i-Zen Buddhism ikufundisa ukwamukela umhlaba njengoba unjalo ukuze kungabikho ukunganeliseki ngenxa yokulinganiselwa okungafakazelwa emhlabeni njengoba unjalo. Ngakho ngokukwamukela, umuntu uzuza ingqondo elinganiselayo ukuze ajabulele inqubo yezifiso ezifinyelelwe futhi amukele ukuthi kuyoba nezinye ezingeke zigcwaliseke.
Iqiniso lesine lihlobene nomkhuba kanye nesiyalo mayelana nokuziphatha okuhle, isiyalo sengqondo kanye nokuhlakanipha okutholakala ku-Zen Buddhism ngohambo lwezindlela eziyisishiyagalombili, okuyilezi ezilandelayo:
- Inkulumo Elungile
- isenzo esifanele
- Izimpilo Ezilungile
- Umzamo Olungile
- Ukulungiswa Kwengqondo Okulungile
- Ukugxila Okulungile
- Imicabango Elungile
- Ukucindezelwa Okulungile
Umkhuba wansuku zonke weZen Buddhism
Ngomkhuba wansuku zonke walesi siyalo, i-paradigm yokukhohlisa iyaphulwa, njengoba emlandweni wamaBuddha ukukhohlisa kwaziwa ngegama lesiMayan, ngakho-ke umkhuba oqhubekayo uvumela umuntu ukuba afinyelele inkululeko ngokuma komzimba owaziwa ngegama elithi The lotus flower.
Kubantu baseNtshonalanga, lesi sikhundla sinzima ukufeza njengoba singazi umzimba wethu futhi ngokwenza lo mkhuba we-Zen Buddhism siphula isithombe esikhohlisayo esaziwa ngegama le-ego. Ngakho-ke, kuvumela abantu ukuba basondele emizweni yabo engokomzwelo neyomzimba ukusungula ibhalansi evumelanayo phakathi komzimba, imizwelo nengqondo.
Yebo, kulesi siqondiso, amandla alawulwa ngokuxhuma ingqondo nomzimba okokuqala ngqa ngokuthula ukuze sikwazi ukuzithola silapha futhi manje ngokuzindla, siqala ukuxhumana nemvelo kuyo yonke into.
Njengoba sonke siyingxenye yendalo futhi kubuBuddha beZen kubalulekile ukuphila nezici eziyisisekelo zemvelo ezifana namanzi, umhlaba, ukhuni oluvela embonweni obalulekile, ukuqaphela ukuphila kwansuku zonke ukuze sithole amaqiniso ukuphila okusinikeza wona. ingaphakathi layo.
Ngokuthintana nabanye ngemithetho enjengokuthula, ukuzibophezela kanye nobumbano ukuze udlulele ngalé kokukhohlisa, ukunqoba izithiyo i-ego enesibopho sokuletha, njengoba umpetha uMenzan Zuiho echaza ngekhulu le-XNUMX ngalesi sihloko :
“…Njengoba abantu bephuphuthekiswe ingqondo eyinkohliso, abakwazi ukubona umzimba ogcwele weqiniso ngokucacile futhi… babone izinto ngokuhle noma okubi, ukuba khona noma okungenjalo, ukuphila noma ukufa, izidalwa ezivamile namaBuddha…»
“…Ukube amehlo ethu ebevuliwe besiyobona nakanjani ukuthi ulwazi noma umbono esiwuthole ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu akulona iqiniso eliphelele. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi kungani kungabikho muntu ongazikhulula ekudukeni ngaphandle kokuthi aqale ahlakaze ukungazi ... "
Lokhu kungafezwa kuphela ngokwefilosofi yeZen Buddhism lapho izinga ngalinye libekwe ngokulandelana okuthinta umzimba wethu, ikhono lethu lokuzwa imizwelo kanye nesimo ingqondo yethu ekuso ukuze sikwazi ukudlula inkohliso futhi singene izwe elingokomoya.
Njengoba kufakazelwa endabeni eyenziwe uKatsuhiko Yazaki ngemuva kokuchitha isonto ezindla esigodlweni sezindela saseZen saseKido, echaza ngamazwi akhe lokho akuchaza njengegama elithi I:
“…Abantu, ngokuhlukanisa izwe lendalo, imvelo yomuntu kanye nokuba kwabo kwabanye, bavaleleke emicabangweni ekhohlisayo ukuze bavikele ubuyena babo. Siyakhohlwa ukuthi lo mkhathi, njengoba uVivekananda angasho, akuyona into engaphezu kwejimu lapho umphefumulo usetshenziswa khona ... "
Imisho egqamayo kule filosofi
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubonakala kule filosofi yempilo ye-Zen Buddhism inani elikhulu lemisho eye yaduma emlandweni ngenxa yabameleli bayo abakhulu abakwazile ukuba nethonya naphezu kwamakhulu eminyaka, njengoba kungavezwa kulesi sihloko ukuze wena. angabona ukubaluleka kwawo kokuthi Ngokuqondene namandla amazwi akhe:
“Lapho ingqondo iyeka ukunyakaza, yilapho ingena khona nirvana. I-Nirvana imayelana nohlobo lomqondo ongenalutho. Lapho ukungazi akukho, labo okuthiwa amaBuddha bathola i-nirvana. Lapho kungekho okuthiwa yizinhlupheko, ama-bodhisattva yiwo angena endaweni yokuvuka. "
I-Bodhidharma. I-Patriarch yokuqala yeZen
"Ukukhuluma iqiniso, iqiniso leZen liyiqiniso lakho konke ukuphila, futhi ukuphila kusho ukuphila, ukukwazi ukunyakaza, ukwenza futhi hhayi nje ukukhombisa."
I-Daisetsu-Suzuki
“Imbali iyawa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyithanda kangakanani; futhi ukhula luyakwazi ukukhula, nakuba singaluthandi.”
Dogen Zenji
“Lapho umfundi eselungile, kuzovela uthisha”
Zen.
Usuvele wazi ngaleli siko leZen Buddhism elikuvumela ukuthi ujabule lapha futhi manje ophila esikhathini samanje, alifuni ukusindisa umphefumulo wakho njengoba kwezinye izinkolo lapha kumayelana nokuba yingxenye yendalo. Ukwenza lokhu, ngomkhuba wokuzindla ophindaphindayo, kungaholela ekukhanyiselweni wazi ukuthi okwaphakade kuphela okungaba ngokoqobo ngoba okunye kumane kuyizinkohliso.
Nge-Zen Buddhism ungageleza nemvelo ngokulalela ukuze ufinyelele ukuthula kweqiniso ngokuqaphela ubunjalo bethu nakho konke okusizungezile. Ngaphezu kokuba inkolo, kuyifilosofi yokuphila ukwamukela ubuhle bokungapheleli, njengoba kungekho okuphelele futhi akukho okuyohlala phakade. Ngakho-ke ukufunda ukujabulela imininingwane emincane.
Ukuphila kumane kuwumkhuba wansuku zonke wemikhuba eyenza izenzo zizizwele ngokulandisa kwezinganekwane ezisivumela ukuba sibe munye nemvelo, njengoba yonke into enesakhiwo isikhashana, yingakho ukubaluleka kokuzindla futhi kwenziwa ngokubambisana ukuze kugcinwe ugqozi. sebenza ngokuthula.
Uma ukuthole kuthakazelisa, lesi sihloko esithi "Iyini i-Zen Buddhism nezinkolelo-mbono zayo ezihlukene" ngikumema ukuthi uvakashele izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: