Imikhosi yeBuddhism nemikhosi: Iyini? kanye Nezinhlobo

Ezinkolweni ezahlukene ezikhona emhlabeni, enye egqama kakhulu ubuBuddha, kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngawo wonke amaRites of Buddhism, ngakho ungaphuthelwa ukuwazi.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Imikhuba yobuBuddha

Imicikilisho noma imicikilisho yizenzo ezenziwa iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kwamasiko noma inkolo yabo, eBuddhism iyimfundiso yefilosofi nengokomoya eyadluliselwa uBuddha. Amasiko nemikhosi yabo ihloselwe ukukhumbula izikhathi ezithile zokuthwasa, ukufa, unyaka omusha, njll.

Iyini iMithetho yeBuddhism?

UbuBuddha bungaphezu kwenkolo, ngoba bucebe kakhulu ezinkolelweni ezihlukahlukene, emikhubeni, emikhubeni, emikhosini nasemikhosini ewubukhazikhazi. Izimfundiso eziningi ezinikezwa uBuddha ziyahlonishwa futhi zikhunjulwe kule mikhuba yamaBuddha. Njengenkolo, iBuddhism icebile kakhulu, ayifani futhi igcwele izimfihlakalo eziningi, ifilosofi yayo iyamangalisa ngoba ikufundisa ukuphila impilo.

Umsunguli weBuddhism wayebizwa ngoSiddharta Gautama, owaziwa ngelikaSakyamuni kusukela esemncane engowesizwe samaSakya, wazalelwa eKapilavastu, unyaka wakhe wokuzalwa nokufa akwaziwa, yena ngokwakhe wathatha igama likaBuddha, okwathi. kusho Okhanyiselwe noma Ovuswayo, futhi waqala ukushumayela izimfundiso zakhe eVaranasi nakuyo yonke iNyakatho-mpumalanga yeNdiya.

Buddha

USiddhartha Gautama waphila phakathi kwekhulu lesi-40 nelesi-XNUMX ngaphambi kukaKristu, engowokuzalwa kokuzincisha injabulo, waba i-yogi, inyanga, isazi sefilosofi nesihlakaniphi, futhi ngezimfundiso zakhe wasungula ubuBuddha, izimfundiso zakhe zadluliselwa enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdiya iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-XNUMX. , ezazisekelwe ekuhluphekeni nendlela yokukuqeda ukuze kufinyelelwe eNirvana.

Ekuqaleni, wayeyingxenye yomkhaya wezicukuthwane, ukuphila ayekulahla ukuze abe isinxibi, futhi ngemva kokuzindla nokuphila njengomuntu ozincisha injabulo, wakwazi ukuthola ukuzalwa kabusha okusha okungokomoya. Kukholakala ukuthi unina washona ngesikhathi ezalwa, igama lakhe Siddhartha lisho ukuthi "ofeza injongo yakhe".

Ngokusho kwezazi-mlando eziningi, kwakuyi-hermit okuthiwa u-Asita, owahlaziya amamaki angu-32 wengane futhi wabikezela ukuthi angaba inkosi enkulu noma indoda engcwele, lesi sibikezelo sizophindwa futhi ngokusebenzisa izazi ezihlukahlukene, kamuva uKaundinya uBrahmin osemusha. nguye owabikezela ukuthi uzoba uBuddha.

Abantu bokuqala ababhala ngoGautanma benza kanjalo njengomuntu owayefuna umgomo ongokomoya, owaba umuntu ozincisha injabulo kuwo noma uSramana, ngemva kokuphoxeka ekuphileni kwesonto. Kodwa ama-biographies aphuma kamuva abeka umbono wedrama eyengeziwe ekwenzeni lesi sinqumo, ukuba yisinxibi esizincisha injabulo. Ama-akhawunti amadala kakhulu aziwayo alesi sicelo sika-Gautama esingokomoya atholwe ku-Ariyapariyesaná-sutta noma Inkulumo Emayelana Noble Quest.

Lapho, bachaza ukuthi ukulahla kwakhe ukuphila kwamalungelo kwakungenxa yokuthi wayecabanga ngokuguga, ukugula nokufa, futhi ecabanga ukuthi kukho konke ukubaleka, akubiza ngokuthi iNirvana. Ngesikhathi ehamba, uyise nosingamama bakhala ngokungaduduzi ngalesi sinqumo. USiddhartha waphila njengenkosana waze waba neminyaka engu-29 ubudala eKapilavastu waze waba nesigameko sokuhlangana okune, lapho ebona khona ukuthi ngengcebo nangezinto ezibonakalayo kwakungeyona into ayeyifuna ngokuphila kwakhe.

Isigameko sokuhlangana kwalaba abane senzeka ngolunye usuku lapho ephuma esigodlweni sakhe eyobheka ukuthi baphila kanjani abantu, wathi esendleleni wazithela phezu kwekhehla elidala kakhulu, indoda egulayo, isidumbu kanye nosizi. Lokhu kuhlangana kwamholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu, ngakho wafuna ukunqoba ukuguga, ukugula nokufa, abe ngumuntu ozincishayo.

Waphuma egibele ihhashi waqala ukuphila njengesinxibi. Ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, waqala ukuzindla nge-yoga no-Master Arada Kalama, kamuva wahamba no-Master Udaka Ramaputa, owafika waba nezifunda zokuqaphela azibiza ngokuthi umkhakha wokungapheleli noma ukungaboni kahle.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Kuzo zonke lezi zimfundiso wagcina engagculisekile njalo waya kwezinye izindawo eyofuna ulwazi olusha, empilweni yokuzincisha ukudla, edla ubuncane bokudla nokulawula ukuphefumula kwakhe. Esazindla wabona isithombe sikayise ensimini kulinyiwe wambona ejabule. Lapho uthola i-abstract yokuzindla ayibiza ngokuthi uDhyana futhi wayazi ukuthi lena kwakuyindlela yeqiniso yokuvuka hhayi impilo yokuzincisha ngokweqile ayeyiphila.

Ngakho-ke wacabanga ukuthi kwakukhona indlela ephakathi, elinganiselayo, engazange isuke ku-hedonism noma ukunethezeka kuya ekuthunjweni, wayibiza le ndlela ephakathi "Indlela Ehloniphekile Eyisishiyagalombili". Ebusuku benyanga egcwele uhlezi ngaphansi kwesihlahla somkhiwane noma ehhovisi, lapho ayethi ngeke avuke engakatholi iqiniso, abanye abalandeli bakhe bamlahla ngoba bezitshela ukuthi useyilahlile into ayeyifuna.

Wachitha amasonto ngaphansi kwesihlahla, wachitha izinsuku ezingu-49 lapho futhi wayeseneminyaka engu-39 ubudala, lapho efika kulokho engikubiza ngokuthi ukuvuka noma uBodi, futhi yileyo ndlela azizwa ngayo ukuthi wayesezikhulule ngokuphelele. Lesi senzakalo senzeka ngenyanga yesihlanu ekhalendeni lenyanga, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwaba yilapho eqala ukubizwa ngokuthi uBuddha noma ovusiwe, okungase futhi kuhunyushwe ngokuthi okhanyiselwe.

Ngokwemibhalo emidala kakhulu, lapho umuntu eba umBuddha kungenxa yokuthi umuntu uye wazuza ulwazi oluthathu oluphakeme: ukukhumbula ukuphila kwangaphambili ayenakho, ukuba neso laphezulu elimvumela ukuba azi isiphetho se-karmic nangenxa yokuthi usekususile konke engqondweni yakhe. izakhi ezikudakisayo. Lapho evuka uyaqonda ukuthi yini ebangela ukuhlupheka futhi uyazi ukuthi kungaqedwa kanjani.

Lokhu kuqonda kwaziwa ngokuthi amaqiniso amane ahloniphekile, lapho aziwa futhi enolwazi, kufinyelelwa esimweni esiphezulu senkululeko, esaziwa kangcono ngokuthi iNirvana, futhi wayazi ukuthi bonke abantu bangafinyelela kuso. KuBuddha, iNirvana yayithola ukuthula kwengqondo okuphelele lapho umuntu ekhululekile ekungazini, ukuhaha, inzondo nanoma yisiphi esinye isimo sobuhlungu esithinta ingqondo.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Ngemva kokuphaphama kwakhe waqala ukuba nabafundi abafundisa lonke ulwazi lwakhe, ngaleyondlela akha umphakathi wamaBuddha. Iminyaka engu-45 eyengeziwe uBuddha wahamba kulo lonke ithafa laseGanges, kanye ne-sangha yakhe, efundisa bonke abantu kusukela kwabashanelayo kuya ezicukuthwaneni, ababulali abanjengo-Angulimala ngisho namazimuzimu u-Alavaka, wayesekelwa amakhosi afana noKosala noMagadha. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva ngisho noyise waguqukela eBuddhism.

Ukungena kwabesifazane ohlelweni lukaBuddha, kwaba nengxoxo encane, njengoba owesifazane wokuqala ofuna ukulandela i-sangha wayengusingamama kaBuddha, uMahaprajapati Gautami, kodwa wenqatshwa, yena nabanye besifazane balandela uBuddha ohambweni lwakhe futhi baphetha. ukugunda izinwele zabo nokugqoka izingubo, kuze kube ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu uBuddha evuma ukugcotshwa kwezindela zesifazane, njengoba ayecabanga ukuthi amadoda nabesifazane bangaba namandla afanayo okufinyelela ekuvukeni, nakuba kufanele balandele imithetho engu-8 eyengeziwe ebizwa ngokuthi i-gurudharmas.

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-20 yokufundisa wakwazi ukuzinza noma ukuzimisa eSravasti, inhloko-dolobha yoMbuso waseKosala, lapho ayezochitha khona iminyaka yakhe yokugcina, i-sangha yaqhubeka ikhula, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka kumiswe imithetho eyasungulwa nguBuddha ngokwakhe, lezi zabhalwa phansi ePratimoska futhi zazishiwo njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili umphakathi. E-Pratimoskas yonke imiyalo noma izimiso zokuziphatha ezijwayelekile ziyasungulwa, imithetho yokuhola impilo endlini yezindela, ukuthwala izitsha nezingubo.

UBuddha waqhubeka nokuguga kodwa akazange ayeke ukufundisa, wayeseqala ukuba nezinhlungu zeqolo, futhi waqala ukudlulisela izimfundiso zakhe kubafundi abambalwa, ukuze aphumule, kodwa umzala nomfundi kaDevadatta wakhe ogama lakhe linguDevadatta wayefuna ukuthatha ubuholi. we-Sangha, ehluleka ukwenza lokho.uhlukana nayo kanye neqembu labalandeli futhi enze uhlelo lwakhe.

UBuddha osekhulile futhi ogulayo kakade unquma ukuthi angeke akwazi ukukhuthaza umlandeli we-sangha, kodwa ukuthi bonke kufanele baphile impilo njengeziqhingi ngokwabo, ukuthi babe yiziphephelo zabo. Mhlawumbe ubulawa isifo senhliziyo ku-mesentery ejwayelekile yabantu abadala. Umfundi wakhe wokugcina oqalwe ngokulandelana kwakhe kwakunguSubhadda. Ngemva kokushona kwakhe wahlonishwa ngezimbali, umculo namakha, isidumbu sakhe sashiswa, izinsalela zakhe zagcinwa njengezinsalela futhi zasatshalaliswa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zaseNdiya.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Kuzazi-mlando eziningi kanye nabantu abanentshisekelo kuBuddha, ukuqonda kwe-karma nokuzalwa kabusha kuyizingxenye zokuphila ngokwakho, uBuddha wachaza ukuthi ukufa nokuzalwa kabusha (i-samsara) kuyingxenye ye-Dukkha kuphela futhi inhloso eyinhloko ukukhulula umjikelezo. I-Karma yayiwuhlobo lwenhloso yengqondo, lapho yonke imicabango, amazwi nezenzo zivela ekuziphatheni okuhle, okuhle noma okubi futhi ngemuva kwakho konke kunenhloso.

Sonke isenzo se-karmic esinaso kulokhu kuphila sithinta ukuzalwa kabusha ngendlela enhle noma embi, yingakho ngibala izimbangela eziningi eziholela ebuhlungwini nasebumnandini, okungaba ngokomzimba noma kwemvelo kanye ne-karma.

  • UBuddha ufundisa umgomo ophakeme wokuthi umuntu ongeyena angazuza futhi injabulo yasemhlabeni.
  • Umuntu ongafundile uziphatha ngobudlelwano obuyisithupha obuyisisekelo: abazali nezingane, othisha nabafundi, indoda nenkosikazi, abangani nabangane, abaqashi nabasebenzi, abalandeli abangajwayelekile kanye nabaqondisi bezenkolo.
  • UBuddha ufundisa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zenjabulo, ebonakalayo ekuphileni futhi ifinyelelwa ngomzamo oqhubekayo, ukuvikelwa, abangane abahle nokuphila okulinganiselayo; kanye nenjabulo ekuphileni kwangemva kokufa etholakala ngokholo, isiyalo sokuziphatha, izimiso, ukuphana nokuhlakanipha.
  • UBuddha wathi ukuze ukuzalwa kabusha kuhle kwakudingekile ukuhlakulela i-karma enempilo noma i-kusala futhi ugweme i-karma engalungile noma i-akusala. Ukuze uthole i-karma enhle kufanele kwenziwe izenzo ezintathu, okuyiminikelo, isiyalo sokuziphatha nokuzindla.
  • Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe indlela engokomoya futhi imikhuba yokuzindla kufanele ifakwe kulokhu.
  • UBuddha ufundisa ukuthi umuntu kumelwe azindle ngezingozi zokuzijabulisa okungokomzimba, njengoba lezi ziwumsuka wezingxabano kubantu.
  • Injabulo ingafinyelelwa ngaphandle kwezinjabulo zenyama futhi ngokujabulela injabulo ephakeme engokomoya.
  • I-Dhyana iwukuzindla okuyisisekelo ezimfundisweni zikaBuddha, lapho siqeqesha nge-dhyana yonke imibono yezinzwa ingahoxiswa ukuze kuzuzwe isimo esiphelele sokulingana nokuqwashisa.

Ubizwa ngokuthi uBuddha ngoba lokhu kusho ovusiwe. Wakwazi ukuhamba kulo lonke ithafa laseGanges, edlulisela izimfundiso zakhe futhi akha umphakathi wakhe omusha okwakungafakwa kuwo amadoda nabesifazane, abaningi babo baba izindela kuyilapho abanye bephila njengabantu abavamile.

Ezimfundisweni zakhe wayefuna indawo ephakathi phakathi kokujabulisa inkanuko nokuzincisha ukudla okuqinile. Ekufuneni indlela yakhe engokomoya imikhuba ethile yokuziphatha nokuzindla nokuqeqeshwa kwakufanele kwenziwe futhi wayehlale emelene nemikhuba yabapristi yokubulala izilwane ukuze benze imihlatshelo. Zonke izimfundiso zakhe zahlanganiswa lapho efa, okuhlanganisa izinkulumo zakhe noma amaSutra kanye namakhodi wezindela noma amaVinaya, zabe sezidluliselwa ngezilimi zesigodi zePracrite, futhi zasakazeka kulo lonke elaseNdiya.

Izinhlobo zeRites of Buddhism

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ubuBuddha bazalelwa eNdiya phakathi kwekhulu lesi-7 nelesi-500 BC, futhi basakazekela ezingxenyeni eziningi zase-Asia, kangangokuthi namuhla buyinkolo yesine enabalandeli abaningi emhlabeni wonke. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-XNUMX enani labantu kuleplanethi aqhuba ubuBuddha, okungukuthi, sikhuluma ngabantu abayizigidi ezingu-XNUMX.

Ngaphezu kwenkolo, iyifilosofi yokuphila, njengoba ikwazi ukufinyelela amaphuzu abuthakathaka abantu, ukuze bakwazi ukuwanqoba futhi babe namandla ngokuzindla, ukuze bafinyelele ukuhlakanipha okuphakeme. Inochungechunge lwemithetho okumele wonke umuntu ayenze futhi ayilandele ukuze umphefumulo wakhe uhlanzeke, ulandele izivivinyo ezingokomoya ezibenza babone, bamukele futhi baguqule amaphutha abo.

Yonke imikhuba yobuBuddha yenzelwe ukukhuthaza indlela yokubona amandla omuntu ngamunye nokuthi bafinyelele ukuhlakanipha. Ngenxa yalokhu kumelwe bakwazi ukufinyelela eNirvana, okuyindlela yokukhulula izifiso, bafinyelele ukwazi komuntu ngamunye futhi bazuze ukuphindukuzalwa. UbuBuddha buhlukaniswe ngamagatsha alandelayo:

  • Theravada: Ebizwa nangokuthi iSikole Sabadala, yaqala eSri Lanka futhi ingenye yamagatsha alondolozayo ngokwezimfundiso noma i-Dhamma kanye nesiyalo se-monastic. Imfundiso yakhe igxile kokuqukethwe kwe-Nikayas kwe-Pali Canon.
  • Mahayana: Ebizwa nangokuthi iNdlela Enkulu, leli gatsha livuleke kakhulu njengoba lamukela eminye imibhalo nezimfundiso njengoba lingekho endaweni eyodwa noma liqinile.
  • i-vajrayana: kufana ne-appendix yangaphambilini, kuyo ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhuba yamasu ahlukahlukene okuthiwa i-Upaya yenziwa, okuyimikhuba ye-esotericism, i-mantras, i-dharanis, i-mudras, i-mandalas, njll.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Egatsheni ngalinye imicikilisho ingahluka, ngoba ngayinye inemibono nezinkolelo ezihlukene mayelana nendlela umkhuba ngamunye okufanele wenziwe ngayo. Izinkolelo zabo zisekelwe kuzo zonke izimfundiso zikaBuddha, lowo nakuba engabhekwa njengonkulunkulu, ungumuntu wokuqala okhulekelwa yiwo wonke amaBuddha, izindela namakholwa, futhi wonke amaqembu abambelele kuye. UbuBuddha bugxile ezicini ezintathu eziyisisekelo:

ukuzinikela: lokhu kumelela ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye ukuzinikela ekubeni umuntu ophakeme, ukuze akwenze umuntu kufanele azibophezele, adlulele futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke uthando. Esokuqala sibhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi umuntu kufanele ahlale njalo futhi agxile ekuzibophezeleni kwakhe ukuze aziguqule ngokomoya ngomsebenzi wansuku zonke, okumele uqine, uphephe futhi ukhululeke.

I-Transcendence isho izimo zengqondo okufanele zithathwe mayelana nokuphila kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinto eziza kuqala ukuze kuqhutshekwe phambili futhi kuzuzwe umbono obanzi wendawo yonke mayelana nokukhathazeka kwansuku zonke futhi ukwazi ukukuyisa kuzo zonke izici zomphakathi, ezombusazwe kanye ezemvelo.

Isici sesithathu esiwuthando, sibheka ukuthi yilokhu okuhlanganisa ukuzinikela kanye nokweqa, kungenxa yothando ukuthi impumuzo ingazwakala lapho ubhekene nokuhlupheka, ngakho-ke ukuzinikela kufanele kwenziwe ngothando ngoba kukhuthaza umkhuba futhi kuhlanganisa indlela. lapho inhliziyo ivuleka futhi indlela yeBodhisattva noma uBuddha iqala.

Ukuzindla: ngokwenza umkhuba wokuzindla ungafinyelela umgomo wokumunca ulwazi nokuba nokugxilisa ingqondo, lapha ukuzindla kwenziwa ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlakanipha namandla engqondo.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Ukuhlolwa: kuleli qophelo kumayelana nokwenza imisebenzi nemikhuba ekhona eBuddhism, nokuba yingxenye yazo ngayinye ngendlela esebenzayo ukuze uzuze lokho okufunayo.

Ngokuba nezinsuku eziningi ezibhekwa njengezikhethekile phakathi nonyaka, kuyohlale kugujwa amasiko ajabulile ngokuvamile futhi lapho bonke abantu beya khona emathempelini endawo, amaBuddha amaningi asebenzisa ikhalenda lamaLunar emikhosini yawo, yingakho ehluka emazweni ngamazwe, amaJapane ngokuvamile sebenzisa ikhalenda yelanga.

Imikhuba Yenkolo YamaBuddha

Lezi zihlukaniswa ngemisebenzi noma izenzo ezihlukahlukene amaBuddha okumelwe azenze, ezisekelwe ezinkolelweni nasezinkolweni zawo. UbuBuddha buyathakazelisa ngoba bucebile ngemikhuba yabo, buvumela bonke abalandeli babo ukuba babuzwe ngamandla ukuze bakwazi ukufeza umgomo wabo, okuwukuhlakanipha.

UbuBuddha abuzibonakalisi njengenkolo kodwa kunalokho njengefilosofi efuna kuphela ukuthola ubuthakathaka bomuntu futhi imenze abe namandla ngokwenza ukuzindla nokufuna ukuhlakanipha okuphakeme. Kungenxa yalo mbono ukuthi banemithetho nemikhuba eminingana evumela umuntu ukuba ahlanze umphefumulo wakhe, alandele indlela yamaBuddha yokuhlanzwa okungokomoya nokukhanyiselwa, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvumele ukuthi zonke ziqondwe ngendlela eqondile neyomuntu siqu. ukuthi abantu abakwenzayo futhi bazuze uguquko lwabo olugcwele.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Yonke imicikilisho iphishekela inhloso eyodwa nokuthi umuntu ufinyelela ukuqonda amandla akhe okufinyelela ukuhlakanipha, yingakho efuna ukufeza ukukhululwa kwezifiso, ukuzuza ukwazi komuntu ngamunye nokuphindukuzalwa, ukuze afinyelele i-Nirvana. Kulezi zici ezibalulekile singathola:

ama-genuflections

Kuyindlela umuntu ahlonipha ngayo futhi akhonze ngayo, kuwumkhuba owenziwa izindela futhi bonke labo abenza ubuBuddha ukuhlonipha uBuddha, ungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

  • Owokuqala wenza imashi, lapho umuntu kufanele ayeke futhi enze ukuphindaphinda kwe-"On Mani Padme Hum", okuyi-mantra yendawo yonke, ukwenza kanjalo izandla zibekwe ndawonye ezingeni lesifuba, eziphakanyiswa ukuze zibekwe. phezulu kwekhanda bese uthatha igxathu eliya phambili. Khona-ke izandla zehliswa ebusweni, esinye isinyathelo phambili sithathwa, bese siletha izandla esifubeni futhi isinyathelo sesithathu sithathwa. Kamuva sihlukanisa izandla futhi sibhekise umzimba phansi futhi emadolweni ethu siqala ukwelula umzimba wonke kuze kube yilapho isiphongo sethu sithinta phansi, lokhu kunyakaza kuphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningana.
  • Indlela yesibili ukusabalalisa umzimba phezu kombhede phansi, ngaphakathi kwesigodlo sezindela noma endaweni engcwele, futhi wenze ukunyakaza kwemashi kodwa endaweni eyodwa. Leli fomu lesibili lenziwa yilabo abenza isibopho, labo abacela isivikelo, injabulo noma ukususa ukuhlupheka okuthile. Ngalesi siko umoya ungahlakulelwa ngokwenza izinkulungwane eziyishumi zenhlonipho lapho umzimba uthinta phansi futhi ungenalutho izinyawo zigcinwa, njengophawu lwenhlonipho.

Isondo lomkhuleko

Laziwa kangcono ngokuthi isondo lomkhuleko, liyisilinda esise-axis, elenziwe ngokhuni nangethusi, njengesondo lenqola, ngaphandle linenkulumo ka-Om Mani Padme Hum, futhi ngaphakathi kwalo kunendawo. iphepha neminye imithandazo noma amazwi akhulumayo.

Leli sondo liyaphenduka futhi lokhu kunenani elikhulu kusukela lapho kufanele uphindaphinde imithandazo noma amazwi ahlabayo. Lapho iphenduka, kulapho okufanele kuphindaphindwe izikhathi eziningi zemikhuleko, lokhu kubavumela ukuthi babe nokuhlakanipha okwengeziwe futhi lapho i-karma ihlanzwa. Emathempelini amaBuddha ungathola amasondo omthandazo amaningi, kukhona amanye anezinkulungwane zawo.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

umlilo tributes

Ziyaziwa ngokuthi yiJoma, iJomam noma iJavan, futhi ziyimikhuba eyenziwa eduze kweqembu labantu futhi kunikezwa umlilo ongcwele. Lokhu kusekelwe ekwenzeni imihlatshelo yomlilo, kuwumkhuba wezinkulungwane zeminyaka okuyinto kwamanye amagatsha ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma lesi siko senziwe, ama-Sutra ahambisanayo kufanele ashiwo.

ukukhululwa kwezilwane

Lokhu kwenziwa ezindaweni eziseduze namathempeli amaBuddha aseTibet kanti izilwane ezikhululwa amaYaks nezimvu. Bangakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka, ngemva kokuba behlotshiswe ngemicu ehlukahlukene kasilika esukela kwemithathu kuya kwemihlanu imibala ehlukene, kanye namaribhoni endwangu ebomvu.

Zinikelwa njengezipho ezithombeni zikaBuddha kanye neNtaba engcwele, ngaphandle kokulimaza izikhala, akekho ongalimala noma enze imihlatshelo, njengoba izilwane kufanele zife ngokwemvelo.

amatshe amakinati

Lawa uchungechunge lwamatshe ambondelene ezindundumeni ngaphandle kokuhleleka okuthile noma isakhiwo, njengoba ebekwe osebeni lwemigwaqo, imifula noma emadolobheni asemaphandleni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Singawathola ezindaweni ezingcwele nasemigwaqweni yaseTibet, lapho amatshe aphinde aqoshwe ngamaSutra ahlukene.

Isiko liwukuthi lapho umBuddha noma udokotela edlula, kufanele ashiye itshe enqwabeni futhi athi iSutra. Kuwumkhuba osekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka uqhubeka, ngakho-ke sekunezinqwaba zamatshe eziyizindonga, futhi sizithola ziseduze kakhulu nezigodlo nasezinyathelweni zabantu ezintabeni. Okwaziwa kakhulu ngokunwetshwa kwawo udonga lwaseJiana, oseluvele lungamamitha angu-4 ukuphakama, amamitha angu-300 ubude futhi lungaphezu kuka-80 ububanzi, ungaluthola edolobheni laseXinzhai Village eSifundazweni SaseTibet saseYushu (eChina).

imikhuba yobuBuddha

ihhashi lomoya

Ngolimi lwabo baziwa ngokuthi uLung Ta futhi bangamafulege omthandazo, abefundisi beBuddhism bakubiza ngokuthi uphawu lokudalelwa komuntu kanye nezici ezinhlanu zemvelo. Igama layo lisuselwa emoyeni nasehhashini, okuyindlela imvelo esebenza ngayo njengemoto. Ihhashi lingakwazi ukuthutha yonke into ebonakalayo nebonakalayo, futhi umoya ungokoqobo, ngakho-ke imithandazo eyenziwayo izoqhutshwa umoya.

Amafulege enziwe ngendlela efana nonxande, kungaba ngendwangu noma ephepheni futhi ahlelwe ngamaqembu nangemibala, ehumusha i-cosmogony yaseTibet, angaba nezibalo ezifana nezilwane ezimelela izakhi ezinhlanu: izinsimbi, izinkuni, amanzi, umlilo nomhlaba. Lawa ane-oda ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla kanye nendlela ethile yokuyibeka:

  • Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlobene futhi ufanekisela isibhakabhaka nesikhala
  • Umbala omhlophe ofanekisela umoya nomoya
  • Umbala obomvu ongumlilo
  • Umbala oluhlaza ongamanzi
  • Umbala ophuzi owumfanekiso womhlaba.

Kufanele zilengiswe emgqeni oyi-diagonal kusukela endaweni ephakeme kakhulu kuye kwephansi kakhulu futhi ziboshwe phakathi kwezinto ezimbili. Zingabonakala emathempelini, ema-stupas, ezindleleni zezintaba nasezindlini zezindela.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Mo

Lo mkhuba uwukwenza imibuzo ngokusebenzisa amadayisi, umuntu owaphonsa noma uthisha kufanele aqale abize unkulunkulu wakhe wokufundisa (okungaba ingelosi yakhe yomqaphi wamaKhatholika) bese ephonsa amadayisi aseTibet, kuye ngokuthi yini ephumayo, kwenziwa ukuhumusha okuyizimpendulo zemibuzo umuntu okukhulunywa naye anayo.

Lezi zenziwe ngamadayisi amabili kanye nomdwebo weTibetan ofana ne-mandala, kuwo kunezimpawu eziyisishiyagalombili, lapho amadayisi avunyelwe ukuwa. Inombolo ephumayo iyiswa kuhlamvu lomdwebo we-Tibet kanye nophawu lwawo.

iphendukela kwesokudla

Lo mkhuba weBuddhism wenziwa abantu ukuze bagule, bavimbele izinhlekelele noma izinhlekelele ukuba zenzeke, futhi kanye nabo ukufaneleka kwenziwa futhi kuqoqwe. Kwenziwa ezindlini zezindela, futhi kwakhiwa ukunyakaza okuningana okwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umuntu kumelwe asho asho ama-sutra ngenkathi ephendula amasondo omthandazo futhi ezungeza isithombe, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngendlela ehambisana newashi, okungukuthi, kwesokudla.

Ukuhlanzwa nge-Yamantaka

Ngegama elithi Yamantaka, uBuddha waziwa njengomnqobi wokufa, lowo ongasusa futhi asuse noma yini ebuhlungu. Isiko lenziwa iLama elicela uBuddha futhi lenze isiko lokuhlanza amandla ngokusebenzisa izimpaphe zepigogo kanye nekhambi elaziwa ngokuthi i-Kusha. Ekuhlanzeni, ukusetshenziswa kwenziwa izakhi ezine: amanzi, umoya, umhlaba kanye nomlilo, iqala ngokuhlanza umlomo bese insimu amandla, ukuvala futhi ukukhonza ukuze kube nesivikelo esikhathini esizayo.

Lo mkhuba usujwayelekile ukuthi usetshenziswe njengoba abantu bekwazi ukuphuma ezifweni zomzimba ngisho ezicindezelayo, osekuqinisekisiwe.

I-Christening

Kwenziwa ukuhlanza nokuhlanza ingqondo, futhi zenziwa izikhathi eziningi njengoba indela ifuna ukufunda isigaba esisha semfihlo esoteric. Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthisha obhapathizayo, owaziwa kakhulu yilowo lapho kubonakala khona i-mandala, ephethe ibhodlela ngesandla. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa lokhu umuntu kumele abone noma acabange amadragoni amane egcwalisa amabhodlela amane amanzi aphuma emlonyeni, abe esethelwa ekhanda lomfundi. Kuye kufunwa ukuthi ababhapathiziwe babe namandla obuBuddha nokuthi ingqondo yabo ihlanzwe.

Ukuvalelwa

Ngalesi siko kungenzeka ukuqonda ubuBuddha, kepha noma yikuphi ukuxhumana nobudlelwano nezwe langaphandle kufanele kususwe, uchwepheshe weBuddhism kufanele asho amazwi, lokhu kwenziwa ngezigaba ezihluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye zingaba izinsuku kepha zikhona ezinye. lokho kuthatha iminyaka, futhi phakathi nayo awukwazi ukushiya isigodlo. Ngalo msebenzi umuntu uyatshalwa, uthola ukuqonda nokuhlakanipha okukhulu, kodwa akwenziwa kanye kuphela ekuphileni kodwa izikhathi eziningana.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Lo mkhuba ungomunye walabo abayingxenye yemfihlo ye-Esoteric yeBuddhism, lapho udokotela ezivalela akasaxhumani nanoma yimuphi umuntu, ukudla kulethwa emnyango womhume, ngumqaphi wendawo ebiyelwe, owathi. kumele iqaphe umsebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Lasuo

Leli yigama elisetshenziswa abantu baseTibet lapho bedabula izintaba noma ezigodini ezingcwele, incazelo yalo ithi uNkulunkulu unqobile. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvela efeni elishiywe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo yilabo ababehlabela labonkulunkulu. Owentaba nalawo empi.

Inhliziyo Sutra Puja

Lo mkhuba uhlose ukuthola izibusiso zamaBuddha, kuwumkhuba oqinile futhi omude ongaphezu kwehora. Kuyo, umculo ongcwele kufanele uculwe futhi udlalwe izigubhu, ngenkathi uthandaza futhi uphindaphinda i-mantra ye-Heart Sutra.

Le mantra noma i-Heart Sutra ibizwa nangokuthi i-Essence of Wisdom Sutra, futhi ibhalwe enkolweni yamaBuddha, isetshenziswa esikoleni saseMahayana, inamavesi ayishumi nane asolimi lwesiSanskrit noma iShlokas, futhi kufanele ifake i-mantra. eshiwo kuzo zonke izikole zaseMahayana, ebizwa ngokuthi iDevanagari, ibhalwe kanje:

गते गते पारगते पारसंगते बोधि स्वाहा

Incazelo yalo ukuthi ukuya phezulu, ukuvuka, makube njalo.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

umdanso wenkolo

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ubuciko: umculo, umdanso kanye neshashalazi bekusebenza ukudlulisa isiko, ukusatshalaliswa nokugcina amasiko nenkolo iphila izizukulwane ngezizukulwane.

Ezigodlweni eziningi zezindela ezitholakala eTibet, kwenziwa imidanso yesintu, eyenziwa ngezinsuku ezibalulekile nezinenani elikhulu kubuBuddha. Baxoxa izindaba zikaBuddha, amaBodhisattva noma izidalwa ezingcwele, izibusiso zezindawo, zosuku noma zonyaka, zokuhlanza nokususa amandla karmic.

Ekupheleni konyaka eminingi yale midanso yezenkolo ibanjelwa, ezigodlweni zezindela nasemadolobheni, izindela zivame ukugqoka futhi zifake izifihla-buso zokuhlonipha amaYaks athathwa njengonkulunkulu, futhi alandele umbukiso wawo ozungeza isigodlo. Ngayo basusa noma baxoshe imimoya emibi esele unyaka ophelayo ukuze unyaka olandelayo utholakale usuhlanziwe futhi uhlanzekile.

I-Khaw Pansa kanye ne-Ok Pansa

Lo mkhuba uvela eThailand futhi kulabo abenza ubuBuddha baseTheravada, kuyo izindela zenza ukuhlehla okungokomoya kwezinyanga ezintathu, ngenkathi yezimvula (July kuya ku-October), yaziwa ngokuthi i-Wassa ngolimi lwesiPali noma isiPansa Sanskrit. Izindela kufanele zigcinwe esigodlweni futhi ngaleso sikhathi zenza izindla ukuze zikhule ngokomoya futhi zenze izifundo eziqhubekayo. I-Khae Pansá isho ukuqala kokuhlehla, futhi i-Ok Pansá isho ukuphela kokuhlehla.

Lesi siko sidala kakhulu, kukholakala ukuthi sivela esikhathini lapho uBuddha ehlala khona, samukelwa ama-ascetics aseNdiya, okungukuthi, labo bantu abasuka kude nezinjabulo zokuphila, baphila ngokuzithiba futhi baphila kuphela izipho abantu abamnika zona, lolu hambo lwaqala ngenkathi yezimvula ezinamandla.

Uhambo olungcwele

Kuwuhambo olwenziwa entabeni engcwele futhi uhambo lwenziwa nxazonke echibini, lwenziwa ukucela isivikelo, ukuhlakanipha namandla engeziwe, njengoba izintaba nezindawo ezingcwele zibenza bathole izinzuzo ezengeziwe.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Amasiko Nemikhuba YamaBuddha

UbuBuddha buyisiko elicebile emicikilishweni yezenkolo nemikhosi, abanye bavela emasikweni asendulo futhi nabo bafuna ukuzuza nokuzwa izinkolelo zabo, ukuzuza ukuhlakanipha nokuqonda okwengeziwe ngobuBuddha.

Isiko Lokuqala

Lo mkhuba uzoncika esikoleni seBuddhism lapho ikholwa lihlala khona, elivame kakhulu yileli elenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili noma izigaba. Esokuqala sazo yisiteji sePabbajja, siqala lapho ikholwa lineminyaka engu-8 ubudala, ingane iyiswa endlini yezindela ngosuku olukhonjiswa yi-horoscope ukwenza ukuthwasa. Lapho izindela zimemukela futhi zizomnika amagugu amathathu enkolo yobuBuddha:

  • UBuddha, umuntu okhanyisiwe okufanele umbone njengomfundisi wakho
  • I-Dharma noma izimfundiso nokuqonda lokho uBuddha akufundisayo
  • I-Sangha noma umphakathi wamaBuddha lapho izohlanganiswa khona.

Kamuva ukhunyulwa izingubo zakhe futhi wanikwa ingubo ephuzi, ikhanda lakhe liphuciwe ngokuphelele, futhi zonke izikhundla zakhe zinikezwa izindela zamaBuddha: izingcezu ezintathu zezingubo, ibhande, inaliti, insingo, isisefo, isiphephetha-moya. kanye nesitsha sokwamukela izipho.

Bakufundisa imithetho emihlanu eyinhloko yokuziphatha kwamaBuddha, ezoba yingxenye yempilo yakho futhi okufanele uyilandele encwadini enomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu:

  1. Akumelwe bathathe noma bacekele phansi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwempilo yomuntu noma yezilwane.
  2. Akufanele bathathe izinto zabanye abantu, okungukuthi, akufanele bantshontshe, bakhohlise noma benze ukukhwabanisa.
  3. Kumelwe bagweme ukuziphatha okubi okuzolimaza bona noma abanye.
  4. Akumelwe baqambe amanga, banyundele, bahlebe, bathuke.
  5. Abakwazi ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezidakamizwa, ngisho noma zisemthethweni, noma utshwala noma ikhofi.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Isigaba sesibili noma isigaba sibizwa ngokuthi i-Upasampada, futhi siqala lapho kuphela i-Pabbajja, lapho kwabelwa khona indela enkulu yamaBuddha okufanele imfundise yonke imiyalelo okufanele ithwasa liyihloniphe. Ngokunjalo, yonke into ifundiswa ukuze bathole ukuhlakanipha, uzwelo nokulondeka kulokho abakukholelwayo. Ngaphambi kokuba bafinyelele eminyakeni engu-20 ubudala, kufanele baqiniseke ukuthi bazoqhubeka futhi yilapho isiko lokumbiza ngendela lenziwa khona.

Yaziwa nangokuthi i-Rite of Chod, iyisiko le-esoteric futhi ejwayelekile ye-Tibetan Buddhism, kodwa iyimfihlo eqashwe eduze phakathi kwenkosi nomfundi.

isiko lokufa

EbuBuddha, ukufa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ukuze umphefumulo ufinyelele nirvana, le nqubo ayibuhlungu noma ayibi. UmBuddha ucabanga ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu yokufa iwukuba umuntu azi ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuye, futhi yingakho kudingeka abantu abaseduze kakhulu, lesi isinyathelo sokuqala ukuphila okusha eduze ne-nirvana.

Ukufa kuguqulwa kube yinto eyingxenye yomjikelezo wempilo futhi akufanele kwesatshwe, ngoba akukona ukuphela komgwaqo kodwa inqubo yemvelo, ekhona yonke indawo futhi engenakugwenywa, kulo mkhuba. wabona ukuthi abantu bayakhala noma bayalila.

Kungokufa lapho ukuphila okusha kungase kuqale khona, okuyoba nezimpinda eziningi kuze kube yilapho iNirvana ifinyelelwa. Kulokhu, umuntu usekwazile kakade ukufunda futhi abe nokuhlakanipha okwanele emoyeni wakhe ukuze akwazi ukubona iqiniso, lokho okungokoqobo. NgeNirvana ayikho incazelo ephelele yokuthi iyini njengoba kunzima ukuyiqonda njengoba nje kunzima ukuqonda iqiniso.

Isiko lokufa noma isiko lomngcwabo wamaBuddha liqala ngomkhosi wokudlula, ohlanganisa ukufunda i-Bar-do'i-thos-grol, incwadi yabafileyo, wenziwa lapho umuntu esezokufa noma osanda kushona. . Lapho ufunda, unikezwa izihluthulelo eziqondisayo zeBardo, okungeyona into engaphezu kwesiteji esiphakathi phakathi kwezimpilo ezimbili, kulesi sikhathi umngcwabo wenziwa othatha izinsuku ezingu-49 futhi lapho umndeni nabangane bakunikeza ukudla neziphuzo. iminikelo emoyeni kamufi.

Ngokuvamile, izidumbu ziyashiswa, kodwa kunezimo lapho zingcwatshwa emanzini noma zivele zishiye umzimba ngokwemvelo ukuze zibole ngokwemvelo. Emuva kwezinsuku ezingu-49 singcwatshiwe, kuqalwa ngokulungiswa kwesidumbu nge-formalin, ukuze sikwazi ukuhlala izinsuku eziyisikhombisa endlini ebesihlala kuyo, ngaphambi kokuthi siqhubeke nokusishisa. Lesi sinyathelo sibizwa nge-Gnan Sop.

Ibhokisi kumele libe nesithombe somufi, amakhandlela kuthi labo abazohambela umngcwabo bagqoke ihembe elimhlophe noma izingubo ezimnyama. Lapho izinsuku ezimisiwe zidlula, uBuddha uyathandazelwa futhi kubekwe indwangu ebusweni bomuntu oshonile, bese isidumbu sifakwa ebhokisini lomngcwabo ukwenza ukuvuka.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

Ngaphambi kokushiswa kwesidumbu kunemicimbi eminingi, indlu kamufi kufanele ihlale ivuliwe ukuze izihlobo zihlangane. Izindela zicula kweminye yale mikhosi. Njengendlela yokuhlonipha umufi, owesilisa ukhethwa ukuthi abe yindela noma abe wesifazane abe ngumama omhlophe. Okhethiweyo makaphuce ikhanda, agqoke ingubo yomdabu, kepha owesifazane okhethiweyo wembathe okumhlophe kuphela, makangakhulumi, angathinti amadoda ukuze ahlale ehlanzekile.

Laba bantu kumele babe ngemuva kwebhokisi futhi esandleni baphathe umucu omhlophe, okuyindlela okufanele ilandelwe unkosikazi kamufi. Ngemva kwesonto lishisiwe noma lishisiwe, kwenziwa omunye umcimbi wokuhlonipha umufi futhi ezinsukwini ezingu-49 kamuva kuvaleliswa okokugcina. Ngemva konyaka eshonile, kwenziwa omunye umcimbi bese kuba unyaka wesithathu efile, okuyilapho isikhathi sokulila sesiphelile.

Kunamadolobha enza umgubho minyaka yonke iminyaka eyisikhombisa kanti eminye lapho kwenziwa khona njalo eminyakeni eyisikhombisa iminyaka engu-49. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokufa, akukho lungu lomkhaya okufanele lihlanganyele emikhosini lapho liyoba nemikhosi noma ukuzijabulisa.

Imikhosi yobuBuddha yonyaka omusha

Onyakeni omusha, emazweni amaningi ongowokuqala ku-January njalo ngonyaka, emazweni ase-Asia uhlukile ngokwamasiko namasiko nangenxa yezinkolelo zawo. Kubantu baseTibet lomkhosi ubizwa ngokuthi iLosar futhi wenziwa phakathi kukaJanuwari noFebruwari, kodwa okubalulekile akukhona ukuthi yiluphi usuku olwenziwa ngalo, kodwa ukuthi lo mkhosi uzokwenziwa kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinkolelo ezizokwenziwa kuwo.

Amaqembu aqhutshwa emndenini, ngakho-ke umkhuba ungahluka, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ugcinwe ngasese nalabo abaseduze nabo, ukuvakashelwa kwamathempeli kwenziwa, izipho zinikezwa futhi imikhosi ethile yenkolo yenziwa. Eminye yale mikhuba yilena ebizwa ngokuthi yiMpi Yamanzi eyenzeka ezitaladini, bonke abantu bamanziswa amanzi anemibala ehlukene ukuze bazihlanze futhi bazihlanze ezonweni zabo.

Zonke izithombe zikaBuddha kumele zihlanzwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisezindlini zezindela noma ezindlini, zigezwa ngamanzi nezinhlamvu ukuze kufike inhlanhla ngonyaka ozayo. Enye yale mikhuba wukuthatha isihlabathi sibe yizicucu ezincane noma ngezandla siyiswe ezindlini zezindela, lokhu kuwuphawu lokungcola ababenakho ezinyaweni zabo onyakeni ophelile.

Lezi zandla ziqoshwe kuma-stupas ahlanganisiwe futhi amafulegi anemibala nawo abekwe njengomhlobiso. OBuddha bezindlu zezindela nabo kumele bathwalwe ngodwendwe baye edolobheni eliseduze, ukuze abantu bafafaze ngamanzi.

imikhuba yobuBuddha

I-Nyi-Shu-Gu kanye ne-Losar

Kubantu baseTibet, imikhosi kaNcibijane inezingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene, kodwa ezihlobene ngokuphelele, enye iwukuvalwa konyaka owaphela ukuze kususwe konke okubi okwakukuyo, nokuthi unyaka olandelayo ungaqalwa ngendlela entsha. indlela entsha futhi ngobuningi.

I-Losar iyingxenye yesiko lokuthi unyaka omusha ufike.Kusho ukuthi unyaka futhi i-Sar yintsha, sithola ne-Nyi-Shu okuwusuku lokugcina onyakeni oluphelile.

Nyi-Shu-Gu

Kubizwa ngokuthi usuku lwamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye, futhi ngalolu suku kukhona ukuhlanzwa kwezindlu kanye nomzimba ukususa ukunganaki, izithiyo, konke okungcolile, ukungakhululeki nezifo ezitholakala kuzo. Ngalolu suku kwenziwa uchungechunge lwemikhosi yokugubha unyaka omusha ozayo, usuku ngaphambi kokuqala konyaka omusha, ukuhlanza nokuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe.

Izindlu kumele zihlanzwe ngokuphelele, bese umuntu egeza futhi ageze izinwele zakhe, wonke umuntu azinakekele futhi ahlanzeke ukuze amukele unyaka. Uma sebeqedile ukuhlanza bazijabulise, badle uGuthuk bese kwenziwa isiko lokuvumbulula imimoya emibi kanye nobubi obukhona ezindlini.

The Guthuk

Kuyisobho lenoodle elaziwa nangokuthi yiThukpa Bhatuk, lihambisana nezithako ezahlukahlukene nezinongo ezikhethekile okufanele zidliwe ngobusuku bukaNyi-shu-gu. Ama-noodle mancane futhi amise okwegobolondo, ayenziwa ngesandla, ezinye izithako: I-Labu noma i-radish yase-Asia, ushizi omisiwe, upelepele, uphizi.

Ukuze libe yiGuthuk, kufanele kwengezwe okuthile okukhethekile epuletini ngalinye, njengebhola lenhlama elinokuthile okukhethekile ngaphakathi, okufana nento noma iphepha elinamagama noma umdwebo. Leli dombolo kufanele libe likhulu ukuze libukeke lihlukile kuma-noodle noma amaBhatsa, ukugwema ukulidla ngephutha nalokho okungaphakathi.

Lezi zinto ezingaphakathi kwenqwaba zibekwe ngenhloso ukuze zidlale ihlaya kumuntu okhonzwayo, yingakho inqwaba ngayinye inokwehlukile ngaphakathi. Ezinye zalezi zinto noma imidwebo zinhle njengezicucu zoboya ukukhombisa umusa, noma ilahle elitshela umuntu ukuthi inhliziyo yakhe imnyama. Izinto ziyashintsha kuya ngendlu ezakhiwe kuyo, isifunda lapho kwakhiwa khona futhi kuye nangonyaka.

Umkhosi owenziwayo ukuze ususe ukungaboni kahle usebenza ngendlela enjalo ukususa imimoya emibi namandla amabi hhayi kubantu kuphela kodwa nasezindlini, lo mkhuba waziwa ngokuthi i-Lue ne-Trilue. Esokuqala sazo isithombe esincane somuntu esenziwe nge-Tsampa (ukolweni ogazingiwe, ufulawa webhali noma werayisi) namanzi netiye. Lokhu ukumelwa kwalokho ofuna ukuba nakho ekhaya.

I-Trilue yakhiwe ngezicucu ezimbili ezenziwe ngendwangu efanayo, futhi inikezwa umuntu ngamunye omenyiwe ukuba adle ukuze kususwe izifo, kokubili imicikilisho yenziwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuba isobho likaGuthuk liphekwe futhi ligcinwe.

Amabhola enhlama kanye nezibalo zenziwa zibekwe epuletini elikhulu elingeke lisasetshenziswa kwazise kumele lilahlwe emva kwalobo busuku, kuyabe kugodliwe bese kulethwa uma Guthuk evula amabhola, umuntu ngamunye akashiye kancane i-guthuk ukujoyina izinsalela zamadombolo.

Ekupheleni kokudla, izingcezu ze-lue ne-trilue zinikezwa abantu abahlezi bedla, okumele bacindezelwe ukuze ukuma kwezandla kugxilwe enhlama. I-trilue bese ihlikihlwa engxenyeni yomzimba egulayo noma ebuthakathaka futhi kufiswa ukuthi impilo egulayo ikhishwe emzimbeni. Ngenkathi benza lokhu kufanele basho imishwana efana nale:

  • Lo chik dawa chu-nyi, Shama sum-gya-druk-chu, Gewang parchey thamchey dokpa sho!

Lokhu kuhumusha ngokuthi izinyanga eziyishumi nambili zinonyaka, izinsuku ezingama-360, kokubi nezithiyo, ziyahamba. Ngalolo suku ebusuku kungase kube khona injabulo nosizi, kuze kuvulwe amadombolo, kodwa isifiso esikhulu kunazo zonke ukuthi unyaka omusha ukhululekile ezifweni nasezinhlungwini.

Izingcezu zezingcezu zenhlama ezivela ku-trilue zengezwe ku-lue, futhi konke lokhu kuthathwa kanye nenye isobho epulatifeni elifanayo, kukhona abakhanyisa ikhandlela, nakuba kungenziwanga kuzo zonke izindawo. Amathoshi otshani nawo avamise ukukhanyiswa ukuze azungeze indlu esho phezulu ethi “Thonsho ma!” okusho ukuthi Phuma, ukuze amandla amabi nemimoya emibi ahambe. Emizini eminingi benza imikhuleko nemithandazo ngenkathi behamba emakamelweni endlu nethoshi.

Ngemva kokubuka indlu, thatha ipuleti nethoshi ukushiye ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo eziseduze, ngaphandle kokubheka ngasendlini. Lesi siko senziwa kakhulu eTibetan Buddhism. Ngemva kokuthatha zonke izinsalela kude nekhaya, kucatshangwa ukuthi imimoya emibi iyayishiya futhi ayikho indlela yokubuyela ekhaya, ngakho-ke banekhaya elinempilo nelihlanzekile futhi bangathola unyaka omusha ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu.

I-Losar

Lo mgubho owokunqoba okuhle phezu kokubi futhi uwusuku olubaluleke kakhulu eBuddhism. Ngaphambi kokugubha, amaqebelengwane, izinkwa, izithelo namaswidi amaningi abekwa e-altare lomndeni ngamunye, elihlotshiswe umcimbi nge-Dergas noma amakhukhi, i-chang okuyisiphuzo sikabhiya webhali, i-loboe isihlahla sikakolweni esihlwanyelwe engilazini kanye khothama kulapho izinhlamvu zebhali ezinofulawa ziya khona.

Lo mgubho owokunqoba okuhle phezu kokubi futhi uwusuku olubaluleke kakhulu eBuddhism. Ngaphambi kokugubha, amaqebelengwane, izinkwa, izithelo namaswidi amaningi abekwa e-altare lomndeni ngamunye, elihlotshiswe umcimbi nge-Dergas noma amakhukhi, i-chang okuyisiphuzo sikabhiya webhali, i-loboe isihlahla sikakolweni esihlwanyelwe engilazini kanye khothama kulapho izinhlamvu zebhali ezinofulawa ziya khona.

Leli altare kufanele lihlale linje amasonto amabili ukuze ukuchuma kungene ekhaya kulo nyaka omusha. Izinsuku ezintathu zokuqala yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zenziwe ngazo lezi zici:

Usuku lokuqala: I-Chankol yenziwe, i-Koenden isiphuzo esenziwe nge-chhaanga ngendlela yobhiya waseTibetan, i-Khapse nayo yenziwa, ibhotela le-drive, uhlobo lwebhotela elenziwe ngobisi lwe-Yak yesifazane, ushukela wommoba, i-churras ( ushizi owomile owenziwe nge ubisi lwe-dri noma i-Yak yesifazane, amanzi namaqanda.

Ama-Donuts abizwa ngokuthi i-Karsai, ukudla okuhlukene okunengulube, i-Tibetan yak nezimvu nakho kuyathoswa, iminikelo ehlukahlukene yenzelwe onkulunkulu futhi ukudla kufakwa ezitsheni noma amapuleti okhuni apendwe ngemibala ehlukene noma i-Qemar. Umgubho uba nomndeni, kodwa ukuvakashelwa ngabangane nomakhelwane bathola amanzi onyaka emfuleni.

Amanzi ayiswa ezindlini, abekwe ema-altare, kulayishwe impepho kufakwe izibani zebhotela, kukhulekelwe ukuthula onyakeni, izingane zigqoke izingubo ezintsha, kubingelelwe unyaka omusha. Tashi Delek ukunikeza izibusiso kanye nenhlanhla.

Usuku lwesibili: Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Gyalpo Losar noma i-Losar Rey, imihlangano yalolu suku ibanjelwa i-Dalai Lama kanye nabaholi bendawo abahlukene e-Samsara nase-Nirvana Hall of Excellence.

Usuku lwesithathu: ibizwa ngokuthi i-Losar evikelayo, ukuvakashelwa kwenziwa ezindlini zezindela, ukwenza iminikelo kuma-altare kanye nezidalwa zokuvikela i-Dharma, amafulege omthandazo kanye namahhashi omoya abekwe. Kusukela ngalolu suku yilapho abantu kanye nezindela benza imigubho ye-Losar.

Imikhuba yobuBuddha yokuchuma

Kubantu abalandela inkolo yobuBuddha, kujwayelekile ukuthi bahlale benza amasiko nemikhosi, ngoba basuke benikelwe kubo kusukela kudala.

Ukuze uthole ukuchuma nengcebo baphinde babe nochungechunge lwemikhuba, okuvame kakhulu ukubeka uBuddha wegolide noma uBuddha wemali, ohlanganisa umfanekiso kaBuddha onensimbi yegolide kwesinye isandla kanye nesikhwama segolide kwesinye. ukwandisa ikhono lokupha nokwamukela, ukuheha amandla amasha ahambisa imali nengcebo kumuntu.

Imali kaBuddha Ritual

Kulo mkhuba, uBuddha Wemali ubekwe endlini, ohlangothini lwesobunxele kanye nelayisi, izithelo nezinhlamvu zemali zinikezwa kuye ukuze zihehe inala, bese kwenziwa uchungechunge lwemithandazo.

imithandazo yokuchuma

KumaBuddha, ukuphindaphinda lo mthandazo kwenza umuntu azibone engumuntu ocebile onensada yezimpahla, abanye benza iminikelo kuBuddha ngaphandle kwezindlu, ukuze inala yabiwe.

“Oh Bhuda onamandla nomkhulu!, namuhla uza kimi, ngibonga amandla akho amakhulu, ukuze inhlanhla yami ithuthuke, futhi ususa zonke izithiyo eziza kimi, ngiyazi ukuthi uzongisiza kukho konke engikucelayo. ngawe, ukuthi uzongibona, ukuthi uzongivikela futhi unginike inhlanhla, egameni likaNkulunkulu, ngenxa yobuhle bakhe obukhulu nesihawu sakhe. Umoya omkhulu kaBuddha wokuphakama nobumsulwa, thumela ukukhanyiselwa kwakho okuvela endaweni yonke engapheli, lapho uhlala khona, sicela usinikeze esikucelayo futhi ukhanyise indlela yethu.

Okunye ukuhlukahluka kungatholakala kulo mthandazo, nawo osetshenziselwa ukucela ingcebo. Isithombe sikaBuddha kufanele sibekwe kucatshangelwa lapho umnyango wokungena wendlu ukhona, ubeke itafula ngemuva kwesokunxele bese uzungeza abameleli bezinto ezinhlanu ezibekwe:

  • Umlilo: ungabeka ikhandlela elikhanyisiwe kanye nenduku yempepho, uma yenziwe nge-sandalwood kangcono.
  • Umhlaba: Ungabeka itshe le-quartz lanoma yikuphi ukujiya.
  • Insimbi: beka izinhlamvu zemali zaseShayina ezintathu eziboshwe ngeribhoni elibomvu, kufanele ubeke zonke izinhlamvu zemali nge-yang side phezulu, ungayibona ngoba lelo cala linezinhlamvu ezine zesiShayina.
  • Amanzi: beka ingilazi yamanzi noma inkomishi, lokhu kufanele kushintshwe nsuku zonke, eshintshiwe ayilahlwa kodwa ingathathwa noma ifakwe ethangini lezinhlanzi noma emthonjeni.
  • Ukhuni: beka ucezu loqalo lwesiShayina noma imbali.

Ukwengeza, kufanele ubeke inkomishi nelayisi nenye izingcezu ezimbili zesinkwa, lokhu kubekwa usuku olulodwa kuphela njengomnikelo, futhi ngakusasa zihlakazeke ngaphandle kwendlu ukuze inala yabiwe, nawe ube. inketho yokudla nokuningi uma impilo yakho ingeyinhle.

Uma unakho konke okuhlanganiswe nezinto ezinhlanu kanye neminikelo, yenza izicelo ozifunayo, uzibhale ephepheni elibomvu, lokhu kungenziwa ngokulandela lesi sibonelo:

“Ngiyabonga (bhala zonke izinto ezinhle ozitholile nezifunayo), konke kungilungele, lokho noma okuthile okungcono engithemba ukukuthola ngaphambili (chaza usuku). Ngiyabonga, Baba".

Khona-ke kufanele usayine lesi sicelo, lo mkhuba ungenziwa ngabanye abantu abasendlini, eshidini lakho futhi amashidi kufanele abekwe ngaphansi kwezinyawo zesithombe sikaBuddha.

Ehleka Isiko likaBuddha

UBuddha omomothekayo, owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi uBuddha okhuluphele, usetshenziselwa ukwenza kusebenze ukuchuma, kanye nenjabulo, njengoba injabulo idonsa injabulo eyengeziwe. Lesi sithombe sisetshenziswa ezindlini, emabhizinisini ngisho nasemahhovisi, njengoba kuyisithombe esihle kakhulu, kanye nokuba yiBuddha eyaziwa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu njengoba iheha inhlanhla.

Ngomkhuba esizokunikeza wona, unezinketho ezimbili ongayenza ngenyanga eyodwa, uma kunenyanga entsha noma lapho inyanga egcwele. Isizathu sokwenza ukuthi ukuchuma kucushiwe, kanye nempilo nothando, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unqume ukuthi yini oyifunayo ngaleso sikhathi ukuze icushwe, ngakho-ke kuye ngokuthi yini oyifunayo kufanele ube neziqu. kanye namakhandlela alungile:

  • Ukuchuma: uma lokhu kuyilokho okufuna kakhulu, khona-ke kufanele ube nezinhlamvu ze-tangerine, isinamoni nekakhukhunathi, amakhandlela azosetshenziswa awolintshi noma aphuzi.
  • Ezempilo: uma lena kuyitimu yakho eyinhloko kufanele usebenzise i-eucalyptus, ilamula, i-mint noma i-pine essences futhi usebenzise amakhandlela aluhlaza noma amhlophe.
  • Amor: kuleli cala kufanele usebenzise izingqikithi zesinamoni, i-orange blossom, i-clove, i-jasmine noma i-roses kanye namakhandlela abomvu noma abomvu kufanele asetshenziswe.

Yiziphi izakhi okufanele ube nazo ukuze wenze isiko: isithombe sikaBuddha omomothekayo, amakhandlela amathathu, nezinhlamvu ezifanele zalokho ofuna ukukusebenzisa, lapho usunakho konke, linda inyanga entsha noma egcwele bese ubhala incwadi isiqeshana sephepha ukuze ubonge konke ofuna ukukukhanga empilweni yakho, uma kungenxa yothando, bhala ukuthi yimuphi umlingani oyifunayo, uma kuwukuchuma, bonisa ukuthi ufuna ukuba nemali engakanani nokuthi kufanele ube nayo nini. Uma ungumuntu onempilo, bonga impilo yakho enhle namandla amahle onawo nsuku zonke.

Okumele ukukhumbule ukuthi lezi yizibonelo nje zalokho ongakucela, encwadini yakho ucela noma yini oyifunayo inqobo nje uma kuyizinto ezinhle. Uma usuqedile ukuyibhala hlikihla amakhandlela nesisu sikaBhuda ngalomnyombo owukhethile, ukhanyise amakhandlela, ubonge uBhuda ngakho konke bese ushisa uhlamvu, kuthathwe umlotha ugqitshwe ebhodweni noma engadini kudedelwe konke. amakhandlela aphele nya. Ungenza lesi siko nyanga zonke noma njalo lapho ufuna ukucela okuthile.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5Q123T5nNc

Imikhosi YamaBuddha

Ngenxa yamasiko amaningi amaBuddha anawo, kusobala ukuthi anenani elikhulu lamaholide okugubha noma ukuwakhumbula, amaningi awo ahlaba umxhwele kakhulu, futhi agcwele imfihlakalo nokukhanga okubonakalayo. Ngamunye wabo unomkhosi ohlukile, phakathi kwawo kukhona uNyaka Omusha WamaBuddha, uMagha Puja, uPii Mai noma umkhosi weLunar New Year, uVesak, u-Ewk Phansas, noKhao Phansas, umkhosi we-Asala, phakathi kwabanye.

unyaka omusha wamaBuddha

Sesike sayixoxa le, yaziwa ngokuthi iLosar futhi kuye ngokuthi umuntu ukuliphi izwe, ukugujwa kwayo kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezihlukene, lokhu kwenziwa phakathi kokuphela kukaJanuwari nokuqala kukaFebhuwari, kuqala ukugujwa ngelinye ilanga. ngaphambi konyaka omusha ngochungechunge lwemikhuba futhi ngokuvamile ihlala amasonto amabili.

Vesak noma Buddha Day

Wusuku olubaluleke kakhulu kumaBhuda nakulabo abenza le nkolo, kufanele lwenziwe uma kunenyanga egcwele ngenyanga kaMeyi. Kugujwa izikhathi ezintathu ezibalulekile zikaBuddha: usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa, ukukhanyiselwa kwakhe nokufa kukaSiddharta Gautama (uBuddha), njengoba konke kwenzeka ngenyanga egcwele.

Wonke amagatsha amaBuddha ayigubha futhi bekuyiholide lomhlaba wonke kusukela ngo-1950, okunqunywe yi-World Fellowship of Buddhists, kuleli holide ukuzibophezela kokugcina impilo elula nehloniphekile kuyavuselelwa, ekuqhubekeleni phambili ukuthuthukisa ingqondo , umkhuba womusa, uthando, ukuzuza ukuthula nokuzwana kwaso sonke isintu.

Usuku lwe-Magha Puja

Iwukugubha intshumayelo yokuqala uBuddha ayinikeza ngaphambi kuka-1200 wabafundi bakhe, okuyilapho enza khona izimiso zobuBuddha zaziwe nokusungulwa kwabo njengenkolo, ngaphezu kokumisa umgomo wakhe wokugcina, owukufinyelela eNirvana. Lo mkhosi ubalulekile, futhi kwenzeka ngosuku lwenyanga egcwele yenyanga yesithathu, futhi ufuna ukuhlanza ingqondo, ukwenza okuhle nokugwema ukuwela esonweni. Kuyiholide emazweni anjengeThailand, iLaos, neCambodia, nasemazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. E-Tibet ibizwa ngokuthi i-Chotrul Duchen festival.

uposa

Kuyisipesheli seBuddhism futhi kwenziwa ngenkathi kunenyanga egcwele, ngakho-ke kungaba nemikhosi eminingana yayo enyangeni yenyanga, i-Uposatha isho usuku lokuzila. Izindela zamaBuddha zizila ngale ndlela elandelayo: zidla kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga kuze kube semini, bese zingadli lutho kuze kube ngakusasa. Kokubili abantu abavamile kanye nezindela kufanele bezwe ukuthi ukuzinikela kwabo kuyakhula futhi kufanele benze ukuvuselelwa komkhuba weDhamma.

kathina

Lo mkhosi uqhutshwa ekupheleni kokuhlehla kwezindela i-Khaw Pansá ne-Ok Pansá, ukugcwaliseka kwayo ngemva kwenyanga egcwele ka-Okthoba futhi yenziwa izinsuku ezingu-30, kuwo izindela zamaBuddha zibongwa futhi kwenziwa iminikelo neminikelo. wezimpahla zokugqoka nokudla okuyiswa emathempelini ehlukene omphakathi ngabantu abangabodwana.

Iculo

Iphathi yoNyaka Omusha WaseThai, yenzeka phakathi kuka-Ephreli 13 no-15 unyaka ngamunye, incazelo yayo iyisinyathelo sokufunda ngezinkanyezi, okubonisa ukuthi yisikhathi sezinguquko eziningi. Imikhosi ibanjwa futhi impi yendabuko yamanzi igujwa emigwaqweni, iphonswa izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana, imindeni ibuye ihlangane futhi izibopho zomndeni nezibopho zivuselelwe, asebekhulile bahlonishwa ngemikhosi ehlukahlukene yamasiko kanye nemikhuba yasendulo. Iningi lazo lisekelwe kulokhu:

  • Hlanza, hlanza futhi uhlobise amathempeli.
  • Yenza iminikelo neminikelo kuzindela zamaBuddha.
  • Ukwenza imikhosi ukukhombisa inhlonipho kuBuddha nokwenza ugcobo lwamanzi anephunga elimnandi.
  • Beka amanzi ezandleni zabadala ukukhombisa inhlonipho nokubonga.

ULoy Krathong

Kungumkhosi wezitsha zoMthombo ontantayo, wenziwa ngenyanga kaNovemba futhi uhlala kuye ngokuthi umcimbi uqhutshwa kuphi, uma kunezinsuku ezimbalwa zokugubha, ngobusuku bokuqala umgubho wenziwa ukuthi. inkathi yezimvula yaphela futhi yenzelwa ukuhlonipha uMae Khongkha, unkulunkulukazi wamanzi wamaHindu.

Umgubho wawo ungowokhokho ngokwesiko lama-brahmana, usuka lapho wadlulela emikhosini yendabuko yamaBuddha, kodwa izikole eziningi zithi lo mgubho wenziwa ukukhombisa inhlonipho nokukhulekela iSacred Footprint of Buddha, etholakala osebeni lomfula iNammadhammahantee. . .

Kulabo abahlanganyela kulo mkhosi, kuyisiko ukuletha impepho, izinkomishi ezinamaqabunga, izinhlamvu zemali, inqwaba yephepha elinemibala, amakhandlela, futhi konke kufakwa kubhasikidi owenziwe ngamaqabunga ezihlahla zikabhanana, ezibizwa ngokuthi iKrathong. Khona-ke lezi zifakwa emanzini ukwenza umnikelo futhi konke okuhle okutholiwe kuyabongwa, kucelwa ukuba kuxoshwe amabhadi futhi kulethe izinhlanhla.

Izinkulungwane zamakrathong zibonakala zintanta emfuleni kukhanyiswe amakhandlela ngaphakathi, lezi zenza sengathi inyoka yokukhanya ihamba emanzini, ekukhanyeni kwenyanga egcwele, kuyadansa, kudlalwa umculo, ama-parade ziyabanjwa, kucishwe iziqhumane kulungiswe ukudla kwasendaweni.

Umkhosi Wendlovu

IJaipur yidolobha elisesifundeni saseRajasthan eNdiya, lapho umkhosi weHoli uba ngenyanga kaMashi. Indlovu ingumfanekiso okhona ezinganekwaneni eziningi, futhi ihlotshaniswa nobukhosi, onkulunkulu kanye nesibalo sikaBuddha. Kuwo lo mbukiso wenziwa ngezindlovu ezipendiwe, kubekwe izindwangu ezinemibala ehlukene kuzo, kuvelvet ehlotshisiwe nobucwebe obuningi, ngemuva kukhona abadansi okumele badansele ngamandla amakhulu, kulandele amahhashi, izinqola, amakamela, inganono kanye ama-palanquins.

Imidlalo yesintu efana nokudonsana ngezindlovu ezifanayo kanye nemidlalo ye-polo nayo iyadlalwa. Lo mkhosi unikezelwe ezindlovu, ngakho ekugcineni kukhethwa ukuthi iyiphi ehlotshiswe kangcono. Ungabona futhi i-Gaj Shringar, lapho kunemibukiso yezinto ezihlukahlukene eziphathelene nezindlovu, imihlobiso eminingi, izindwangu ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Jhoo, i-Howdahs okuyizihlalo ezibekwe emhlane, izinqola ezihlukahlukene, imidwebo eminingi, kanye. njengemikhiqizo yokwelapha nokudla.

Nakuba lo mkhosi uwenzelwa ukuzihlonipha, kodwa kukhulunywe ngakho kabanzi ngempatho ezitholwa izindlovu, njengoba imidwebo eminingi efakwa kuzo idala umonakalo esikhumbeni sazo, ngaphandle nje kokuthi ziphoqeleka ukuba zenze imisebenzi nemibukiso. lapho zingaphathwa ngenhlonipho nangobulungisa, ngakho-ke imiphakathi eminingi evikela izilwane yenze izimemezelo mayelana nalokhu.

esala perahera

Lo mkhosi umdala kakhulu eSri Lanka, wenziwa phakathi kukaJulayi no-Agasti noma nini lapho uqondana nenyanga egcwele ehlobo, ubanjwa cishe amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu, owaziwa kakhulu ngowomuzi waseKandy lapho ungabona khona injabulo eningi, umculo nombala. Isici esiyinhloko salo mgubho izinyo likaBuddha. Njengeholide likazwelonke lenyunyana yemikhosi emibili emidala kakhulu:

  • Umkhosi wokunqoba kukaNkulunkulu Indra phezu kwe-Vrita, idemoni kanye nokuncenga izimvula uma lesi kuyinkathi eyomile.
  • Udwendwe olwenzelwe ukuhlonipha iThempeli Lezinyo likaBuddha, elihlonishwa kakhulu eSri Lanka nalapho kugcinwa khona insalela, ehlala igcinwe izindela, ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla eyenziwe ngegolide namatshe ayigugu amaningi .

Emathempelini lapho umkhosi wenziwa khona, ungabona imibukiso emihle lapho kuhambisana khona nomculo wezigubhu, kanye nama-fakirs, amabhendi omculo nezindlovu eziningi ezinezingubo zokuhlobisa ezinhle. Ekuqaleni kodwendwe kufanele kuhambe indlovu iMaligawa, ephethe i-reliquary ngezinyo likaBuddha.

Ngosuku lwesithupha lomgubho ebusuku, kuba nemibukiso ebizwa ngokuthi iRandoli Perahera, lapho kukhunjulwa khona ama- palanquin ayethwele izindlovukazi ezikhathini zasendulo. Esikhathini sokugcina sokuhamba, okwenzeka ngosuku, ukuvalwa komkhosi kwenziwa ngokunqunywa kwamanzi eMfuleni iMahaweli ngaphandle kwedolobha laseKandy.

Lo mkhuba uphethe amaKapurala, abanomthwalo wemfanelo emathempelini futhi yibo abasika amanzi nge-saber eyenziwe ngegolide futhi bafunde imithandazo. Abaningi bakha amanzi ngezinkomishi ezihlukahlukene ukuze baye ethempelini, lapho bezohlala khona kuze kuqale umkhosi wangonyaka olandelayo.

O-Bon

I-O-bon iyisiko elivela eJapane futhi lenziwa njalo kuye ngokuthi ikhalenda lenyanga, phakathi no-August, noma ikhalenda lelanga, elingoJulayi, ukugujwa kwayo kungokwezinsuku ezintathu zilandelana. Kukholakala ukuthi iholidi lamaBuddha kuphela, njengoba kunendaba lapho umfundi omdala kaBuddha ebona umphefumulo kanina futhi ukuze anciphise ukuhlupheka kwakhe futhi amholele endleleni yokuthula, walandela izimfundiso futhi wazuza ukuthi umphefumulo ungaphumula ngokuthula.

Lo mgubho uhlose ukwamukela yonke imimoya efuna ukuhlangana nabathandekayo babo emhlabeni futhi ukuthi lo mzuzu ugcwele injabulo, ukuthi unomculo, umdanso, nokuthi akukho ukudla noma iziphuzo. Kuhlonishwa wonke amadlozi alabo abasuke bethamele umgubho, kugidwe umdanso weBon-Odori, kubekwe ama-altare noma ama-butsadan kuzo zonke izindlu futhi kukhanyiswe izibani kuyo yonke iminyango yendlu esebenza njengomhlahlandlela imimoya eza ukubavakashela.

Nakuba ingumsuka wamaBuddha, kancane kancane yaba yingxenye yesiko nesiko lamaJapane, ngakho kancane kancane yahlukaniswa nesiko lamaBuddha. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-500 leli siko ligujwa, elingagxili enkolweni kuphela kodwa nasesizweni, okuye kwahlanganiswa neminye imisebenzi namasiko.

IBodhi

Lo mgubho wenziwa njalo ngo-December 8, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi usuku Lokukhanyiselwa kukaSiddartha Gautama noma uBuddha. Ngalolu suku uBuddha wafinyelela ekukhanyeni okuphelele ngonyaka wama-589 BC futhi yilapho eba uBuddha. Futhi bavame ukubhekisela kulolu suku njengokuvuka kukaBuddha nokuqala koBuddhism, okuqala ngombono wokuthi bonke abantu banamandla okufinyelela eNirvana futhi baqede ukuhlupheka.

Ngaphambi kweBodhi, izindela zenza imisebenzi eminingi, ukulungiselela lolu suku, isonto ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe izigodlo ezigodlweni, lapho zingalala khona amahora ama-2 kuphela ngosuku futhi ngobusuku bokugcina bokubuya kwazo kwenziwa umlindelo, njengoba nje kunjalo. UBuddha wenza ngaphandle kokulala.

Imikhuba yobuBuddha

Ngenxa yokuthi ubuBuddha buhlanganisa imikhosi eminingi, imikhosi, imikhosi, amasiko, namasiko ahlukene kuye ngokuthi igatsha lobuBuddha lenziwa khona, kunokwehluka okuphawulekayo kwemikhuba yabo phakathi komunye nomunye wabo, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukubala konke. Kodwa kukhona amasiko amabili enziwa yiwo wonke amakholwa namakholwa eBuddhism emhlabeni wonke:

Ukuzindla: okuyinto ebalulekile kuwo wonke amaBhuda njengoba kuwumkhuba wenkolo nje jikelele, ngayo ingqondo iyahlakulelwa, ukuhlakanipha kungatholakala futhi ufunde ukuqonda kangcono. Bonke abefundisi beBuddhism benza lo mkhuba ukuze bahlakulele, futhi baqonde kangcono yonke into engokoqobo, imvelo yethu futhi bazikhulule kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlupheka.

Ukuzindla kungahluka kuye ngesikole samaBuddha, lokhu kwehluka kusezindleleni ezisetshenziselwa ukuzindla futhi eseziphenduke isiko ngokwesiko lamaBuddha, ngakho-ke ngokwamasu abawasebenzisayo, kungashiwo ukuthi:

  • I-Theravada Buddhism: umkhuba wenziwa ukuze kube nenqubekelaphambili nokuthi uchwepheshe angapholishwa, kufanele ahlaziye izimo adlula kuzo ngenkathi ezindla.
  • i-zen buddhism: Kwenziwa ukuze kuzuze ukuhlakanipha okwengeziwe, kodwa kugxile ekuzenzekeni nasekusebenziseni intuition, ukuthola ukuvumelana kwemvelo, nale dualism iyagwenywa futhi ukuzindla kweZen okuphelele kufinyelelwa.
  • I-Tibetan Buddhism: kulokhu, isisindo esiningi sinikezwa isici esingokomfanekiso kanye nokungazi lutho kwengqondo, imikhuba eminingi yemikhuba yenziwa ukuze ingqondo iguqulwe.

Ukudumisa: kuwumkhuba wesibili wayo yonke imithambeka yamaBuddha, kuyo ukukhulekelwa kukaBuddha kufunwa kokubili ema-altare ezindlu, kanye nasemathempelini nasezindlini zezindela. Lapha amazwi aphindaphindwayo, imithandazo iyasetshenziswa futhi kufanele kwenziwe iminikelo nezipho.

Izinkolelo zobuBuddha

Izinkolelo zobuBuddha zisekelwe kuzo zonke izimfundiso zikaSiddartha Gautama noma uBuddha, lesi kwakuyisidalwa esiyingqayizivele, umuntu owazuza ukuguqulwa kwakhe futhi waba okhanyiselwe, wenza isisekelo sobuBuddha. Waba indoda ehlakaniphe kakhulu eyakwazi ukwenza izinguquko zangempela ezingokomoya ngezimfundiso ayezinikeza. Wabiza izimfundiso zakhe njengamaqiniso amane ahloniphekile:

UDuhkha

Incazelo yawo ibanzi kakhulu futhi ingasukela ekunganeliseki, ukudumazeka, ukuhlupheka, ukungahlaliseki, ubuhlungu, ukuzisola, njll. Ngakho-ke kungafushaniswa ukuthi imayelana nokuhlupheka nobuhlungu bendawo yonke lapho ubhekene nobukhona obungenakho ukwaneliseka. KumaBhuda kubalulekile ukuthi akwamukele ukuthi kukhona ukunganeliseki empilweni nokuthi lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuphile ngendlela ephazamisekile, kodwa ukuthi kuyiqiniso, kukhona futhi kungathinta zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. I-Duhkha isungulwa ngezindlela ezintathu: i-duhkha duhkhata, i-viparinama duhkhata, ne-Sanskara duhkhata.

Samudaya

Eyesibili yamaqiniso ahloniphekile futhi ibhekisela endleleni iDukha eyavuka ngayo, ibona lokhu njengento esheshayo futhi engathinteka. Ngayo kuboniswa ukuthi ukuhlupheka kuza ngenxa yezifiso, umuzwa wokungahlali futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ukungazi. Lapho umuntu ekholelwa ukuthi injabulo yakhe siqu ingaphandle futhi inamathele ezintweni nakubantu, bayozizwa benesifiso sokuqhubeka nokuba nokugcina yonke into ukuze baqhubeke bejabule, ngoba lokhu kuwukumelela kwabo injabulo, okugcina kuguqule Ukulutha.

Okwamanje izinguquko zenzeka eqinisweni labo elibangela ukuthi lokho okuzungezile kuguquke futhi ngaleyo ndlela nokuphila kwalowo muntu, ngoba yonke into kulokhu kuphila ayingunaphakade, ngakho-ke ukuhlupheka kuvela. Umuntu kumele abe senguqukweni eqhubekayo ukuze impilo yakhe iguqulwe futhi aqhubeke nokufuna ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka bonke labo abafisayo.

Uhlobo lwesithathu lokuhlupheka uBuddha alubonisayo futhi okuyingxenye yaleli qiniso ukungazi, lapho kungaziwa futhi kungaqondwa ukuthi ukuphila ngokwako kusebenza kanjani, ubuqiniso babantu kanye nemithetho yemvelo eyibusayo futhi eyenza izinguquko, abavumeli ukuphila. umuntu ukuba nenjabulo.

Ama-Nirodhaes

Leli qiniso lihlobene nokulangazelela kwaphakade, konke esikulangazelelayo, ukoma okungapheli kanye nokunamathela kukho konke okubonakalayo. UBuddha wafundisa ukuthi ukuhlupheka kungaqedwa futhi kunganqotshwa. Kubo kufanele ube nokulawula ingqondo ukuze uqede ukukhungatheka nobuhlungu, kodwa le nqubo idinga: ukuqonda, isenzo nokuzindla.

Ngokukwazi ukulawula nokususa isifiso, singafinyelela ukuthula kwangaphakathi futhi sibe nokuzwana ngendlela ehlala njalo. Ukuphela kwezifiso akusho ukuthi kukhona ukucindezelwa kwazo, ngoba lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele siyeke izifiso, sizikhulule futhi silahle ukunamathela, lapho silahla umthwalo osindayo esiwuthwele. Lokhu kwaziwa njengeqiniso lokugcina noma inhliziyo ye-Dharma.

Magga

Liyiqiniso lesine nelokugcina elihloniphekile, elibhekisela endleleni, noma indlela esiholela ekuqedeni ukuhlupheka futhi sifinyelele eNirvana. Ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi iNdlela Ephakathi, njengoba ivumela abantu ukuba bagweme ukweqisa okubangela ukuhlupheka, okuhlanganisa ukufuna injabulo ngezinjabulo zenyama nokuzizwa bedabukile kumuntu ofanayo.

KuBuddhism, kufanele kufunwe indlela Ephindwe Kasishiyagalombili, eholela ekuqedeni ukuhlupheka, ibizwa ngokuthi indlela eya eNirvana futhi kunezindlela eziyisishiyagalombili zokuyifinyelela. Iqiniso lesine elihle elikushoyo ukuthi kukhona indlela esihlukanisa nokuhlupheka.

Nakuba le ndlela ingafunwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, esetshenziswa kakhulu amaBuddha, noma ezikoleni eziningi, yileyo efundiswa uShakyamuni Buddha noma uGautama Buddha. Ngale ndlela yendlela ephindwe kasishiyagalombili, akuyona indlela efanayo esiyihambayo ukushiya isigaba ngasinye ngemuva kakhulu futhi sifinyelele umgomo wethu wokugcina.

Lena indlela yokuphila eguqulayo futhi ngaphandle kwalokho iyacebisa njengoba inhloso yayo ingukuthi sifinyelele ohambweni lokugcina lomgomo wethu. Kusithatha ezintweni eziyisishagalombili ezenza umfundisi wobuBuddha aguqule, azicebise futhi afeze umgomo wakhe oyinhloko.

Kodwa-ke, ngayinye yalezi zici zihlukile, okungukuthi, kufanele zithuthukiswe kanyekanye, ngoba zihlobene nomunye nomunye. Lokhu kwenza ukulinywa komuntu ngamunye kube neqhaza ekulimeni kwabanye. Umgomo omkhulu uwukuba uchwepheshe ngamunye athuthuke futhi akhule ngaphakathi kwezimiso ezintathu eziyinhloko zobuBuddha:

  • Ukuhlakanipha noma Pañna
  • Ukuziphatha okuhle noma uSila
  • Isiyalo sengqondo noma i-Samadhi

Kuzazi eziningi zale nkolo le ndlela inezingxenye ezimbili, eyokuqala iwumbono ohambisana nesigaba sokuqala noma isici futhi eyesibili inguquko ehlanganisa izigaba eziyisikhombisa ezisele, lezi zici eziyisishiyagalombili zingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

  • Samina Ditthi noma Ukuqonda Okulungile: lapha amaqiniso amane ahloniphekile aphakanyiswa, umthetho we-Causality kanye nokungapheli.
  • Samma Sankappa noma Umcabango Olungile: kusho ukukwazi ukucabanga usebenzisa ukuhlakanipha nothando, ngaphandle kokuba nezinamathiselo, ukungezwa nzondo, ububi noma ukusetshenziswa kobudlova, ukugwema ukungazi.
  • Samma Vaca noma Amagama Aqondile: kufanele ugweme ukusebenzisa ulimi olungafanele, olungase lubangele ukulimala noma ukulimala. Akufanele ukhulume ngendlela engafanele, ungaqambi amanga, unganyundeli noma unyundele. Amagama kufanele asetshenziswe ngenhlonipho, agcwele ubungane, anomusa, amnandi ukuzwa, amnandi, awusizo futhi aphusile ukuze kube nokuhlomula nokukhiqiza.
  • I-Samma Kammanta noma Isenzo Esilungile: kusho ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngendlela ehloniphekile, ngokuziphatha nangenhlonipho nokuthi futhi wenziwa ngokuthula. Ungenzi izenzo zokungathembeki noma izenzo ezinjengokubulala, ukweba noma ukuba nobudlelwane bocansi obungekho emthethweni.

  • I-Samma Ajiva noma Indlela Yokuziphilisa Ngayo: kufanele kugwenywe ukuthi kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi owenziwe umonakalo ubangelwa abantu besithathu, okusho ukuthi kwezinye izidalwa eziphilayo, ukudla okutholayo kufanele kube okuhloniphekile futhi ngaphandle kwesihlamba sanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
  • Samma Vayama noma Umzamo Olungile: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukungabi nemicabango emibi, nokuyisusa engqondweni, ukwenza ukuhlakulela imibono emihle nokugcina imicabango ephakamayo ukuhlakulela i-Dhamma.
  • U-Samma Sati noma Ukucabangela Okulungile: umzimba, imizwa kanye nemizwa kumele kunakekelwe, yimiphi imisebenzi esengqondweni nokuthi yimuphi umbono noma umcabango okhona, yimiphi imibono ekhona kanye nalokho esinakho eduze kwethu.
  • I-Samma Samadhi noma Ukugxila Kwesokudla: Ngalesi siyalo izigaba ezine ze-Dhyana noma ukumuncwa kungafinyelelwa, izifiso nemicabango emibi kungashiywa, ukuthula kungathuthukiswa futhi ingqondo inokulungiswa okukodwa. Ukulingana noma ibhalansi ehlala njalo iphinde iphakame ukuze izinzwa zinyamalale futhi kutholakale isimo sokucaca kwengqondo.

Ngale ndlela ephindwe kasishiyagalombili, kungashiwo ukuthi ihlanganisa ukusungula nokugcina isiyalo sengqondo, umzimba kanye nenkulumo, ukuze ilandelwe, yenziwe futhi ithuthukiswe kubo bonke abantu abafuna ukuyenza futhi abafuna ukuyenza. babe nenkululeko, injabulo kanye nokuthula okudingekayo ukuze baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo wokuzithuthukisa kanye nokukhuliswa kokuziphatha, umoya nengqondo.

Kungani kunomehluko kumaRites of Buddhism?

Sesike sathi imicikilisho yobuBhuda iyahluka ngokwamasiko noma izikole, lokhu kwenzeka ngezizathu ezimbalwa kanti eyokuqala yingoba isiko nolimi eziqhutshwa ngalo. Futhi izingoma zihlukile ngokwezizwe zamaBhuda nazo zizoncika esikweni nolimi ezishiwo ngalo.

Izinsimbi zomculo, indlela ama-genuflection enziwa ngayo kanye nendlela yokukhothama, indlela amaShayina okufanele acule ngayo lapho emile futhi abaseTibet behlezi, lezi izinhlobo noma izinguquko ezenziwa ngokuhlukile emikhosini kanye nemikhuba yamaBuddha.

Amathempeli nawo anemiklamo ehlukene, ngaphandle nangaphakathi futhi lokhu kuncike endaweni kanye nezwe akhiwe kulo, kuwo wonke ungathola isifanekiso sikaShakyamuni Buddha phakathi nendawo, kodwa angaba nabanye oBuddha njenge I-Bodhisattvas, i-Arhats kanye nabavikeli be-Dhrama ngaphakathi.

E-Tibet indawo uma imvelo ingasanguluki kakhulu ngakho abomdabu bakhona bafuna la mathempeli njengoba egcwele imibala eminingi nemihlobiso. Amathempeli aseJapane angaphakathi kwezwe elihlukahlukene futhi agcwele injabulo, ngakho-ke amathempeli alula kakhulu noma ahlakaniphile, ngakho anomehluko omkhulu nemvelo ekhangayo.

Amafomu amathempeli anawo ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwawo awalandeli inkambiso yenkolo ethile, inqobo nje uma engahambisani nemfundiso, kunalokho imicikilisho ibonakala njengamathuluzi angenza kube lula futhi asize ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo zobuBuddha. emasikweni kanye nendawo ohlala kuyo. Kungakho i-Dharma yeqiniso kufanele iqondwe njengalokho okwenzeka engqondweni nasenhliziyweni hhayi lezo ezibonwayo noma ezizwiwayo. Konke okusobala noma okukha phezulu akuyona ingxenye ye-Dharma.

Imikhosi nemikhosi yeBuddhism eVietnam

I-90% yabantu baseVietnam yenziwe ngabantu abenza ubuBuddha, obunokuxubana phakathi kweTheravada neMahayana Buddhism, okungukuthi, isiko lamaHindu Lezwe Elihlanzekile kanye neChan Chan, njengoba amasiko akhona kuleli zwe. Kubantu baseVietnam, inkolo iyakwazi ukuhlanganisa amasiko amaningana, ayexutshwe nezinkolelo zama-animist, amaBuddha, amaConfucian kanye namaTao.

Benza izimpawu zokuhlonipha asebekhulile, ezinkolelweni nasemicikilishweni yobuBuddha, baya emathempelini abo ngosuku lwe-15 lwenyanga yenyanga nakuyo yonke imikhosi yenkolo. Bagqoka ingubo empunga njengophawu lokuthi bazimisele ukuqhuba ubuBuddha. Amaholide abaluleke kakhulu kubo yilawa alandelayo:

susak

Lapho begubha khona ukuzalwa, ukukhanyiselwa nokufa kukaBuddha, amasiko abo afana kakhulu nalawo enziwa eThailand. AmaBuddha abuthana emathempelini ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa futhi akhulekele ifulege likaBuddha, acule amahubo okumdumisa, akhulume ngezimfundiso zakhe kuwo wonke umphakathi. Ngalolo suku bavamise ukukhulula izinkulungwane zezinyoni nezinambuzane, njengophawu lokuthi abasezona izithunjwa futhi kumayelana nokugwema ukufa noma ukulimala kwanoma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo.

UTrung Nguyen

Ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-Xa toi vong nhan, okusho ukuthi "ukuthethelelwa kwemiphefumulo elahlekile", yenziwa ngenyanga kaJulayi, nakuba usuku lwalo ngqo kunguJulayi 15, kodwa kusukela kulolu suku kuqhubeke lungenziwa kuze kube sekupheleni. kaJulayi. Isuka emkhosini wamaBuddha i-Vu Lan noma i-Ullambana, e-China futhi inhloso yawo ukuzuza insindiso nokukhululwa kwemiphefumulo kunoma yikuphi ukuhlupheka kanye nokuhlonipha imiphefumulo yokhokho.

KwabaseVietnam, abakholelwa ukuthi imimoya ingakwazi ukuzuza ukukhululwa emishweni yabo kanye nesijeziso sabo, kuzoncika emithandazweni abayenzayo ukuze bagweme leso sigwebo, yingakho ngoJulayi 15 benza imithandazo yokugwema isigwebo sesihogo.

Imikhosi nemikhosi yobuBuddha eTibet

ETibet, ubuBuddha baqala eHimalaya, ngakho umkhuba oyinhloko ubuBuddha baseMahayana, obunabalandeli abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20. Kunemikhosi eminingi unyaka wonke, ukugujwa kwezinsuku zokuzalwa ze-Bodhisattva nezinye izinsuku ezifanele zekhalenda labo lenkolo, elihambisana nemikhuba yamaBuddha. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo yilezi:

I-Chod Ritual

Kuyisiko le-esoteric futhi elikhethekile e-Tibet, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo bekulokhu kuyimfihlo phakathi kwalabo abaqala eBuddhism kanye nabafundisi abadlulisa izimfundiso, namuhla kusagcinwe kanjalo kodwa kuvuliwe kancane. I-Chod isho ukusika noma ukudlula, lokhu kusho ukuthi i-yoga enemikhuba ehlukile esebenza ukuqeda i-ego, okungukuthi, ubumina, ukususa umuzwa wokuhlukana nobugovu njengabantu ngabanye.

Ukuze ube yinkosi yeChod, kufanele udlule ochungechungeni lwezivivinyo, eziningi zazo ezihlanganisa ukuzindla okwenziwa emathuneni ayikhulu, eTibet lokhu kwenziwa ngaphandle nasebusuku. Ngokomlando wamaTibet, izindela zaziyonyamalala kuphela lapho zithola imizimba yazo ephukile ekuseni, njengoba zazihlangana nemimoya emibi nezipoki ezilambele ukuphila.

Ukuhlanganyela emkhosini onjalo kuyinto enhle kakhulu, kukhona labo abakwazile ukuba khona kule mikhuba ethempelini laseGeshe Larampa Lobsang Yeshi neqembu lezindela zaseNyagre Khangtsen ngo-2014. Abantu bafaka imaski emnyama lapho Umkhuba uqala, kuchazwa ukuthi kusiza ukuvimbela imimoya emibi ukuba ingabakhathazi, ngaphezu kwalokho, izindela kufanele zicule imithandazo futhi zidlale izigubhu ngokuthinta okuthile okumema i-hypnotism, okwenza isipiliyoni sibe namandla kakhulu.

Inhliziyo Sutra Puja

Njengoba sichazile ekuqaleni, lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola izibusiso zikaBuddha, umcimbi waseTibet mude impela, okungenani ihora nesigamu, futhi kusetshenziswa izigubhu, kwenziwa imithandazo nomculo ungcwele. E-Tibet bambiza ngokuthi u-Sherning Dondub futhi amazwi akhe athi iSango, isango iParaghate, iParasamgate, i-Soham, ethi ngale, ngale, njalo ngale, futhi icelwa amandla obuze ongcweti abaningi abangafinyelela ngawo babe nolwazi olujulile kakhulu.

Lezi zimfundiso zaseTibet zibhekwa njengezimfundiso zengqikithi yokuhlakanipha futhi zifuna ukuhlanza amademoni asengqondweni. Kubo kunezinhlobo ezine zamademoni noma ama-maras, anqotshwa uBuddha lapho ezindla ngaphansi komthunzi wesihlahla se-Bodhi. Lamadimoni amane yilawa:

  • Eyokukhohlisa eyenza imizwa nezimo zengqondo zibe zimbi.
  • Eyokufa ebanga izifo ezibulala abantu.
  • Lokho kwamaqoqo kanye nalokho kwabantwana bezidalwa zasezulwini, okuhlobene nezenzo ezifuna injabulo futhi ezingalimazi thina kuphela kodwa nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo.

Lamademoni kufanele axoshwe futhi ngenxa yokuthi iminikelo eminingi yenziwa ngendlela yamaqebelengwane, ezinhlangothini ezine zendawo izithombe zezilwane eziyiminikelo yamanga kufanele zibekwe ukuze amademoni ahambe. Kufanele futhi kubekwe umuntu onesimo somuntu esiwumfanekiso wabantu abagulayo, okuyibona abagcina amademoni adukisiwe ukuze axoshwe kamuva.

Ukuze kuzuzwe indlela kamoya, wonke amademoni kufanele axoshwe futhi lokhu kungenziwa kuphela umuntu oyedwa, kuthiwa kuwumzabalazo onzima, kodwa ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe futhi kuzuzwe ukuze kulandelwe eminye imikhuba yeBuddhism.

Umkhosi Omkhulu Wokukhuthaza

Kwenziwa phakathi kukaJanuwari 3 no-25 ekhalendeni laseTibet futhi kubanjwe imikhosi yenkolo ehlukahlukene kanye nemikhuba yobuBuddha, esezandleni zama-lamas ezigodlo ezintathu ezinkulu; Drepung, Sera kanye Gandan. Zenziwa ngaphakathi kwedolobha futhi bonke abantu bahlangana kuzo.

Saka Dawa Party

Kwenzeka phakathi kukaMashi 30 no-Ephreli 15 wekhalenda laseTibet, edolobheni laseLhasa, izinkulungwane zabazinikele zifika ohambweni olukhulu oluya esigodlweni sezindela saseJokhang nasePótala Palace. Kukhanyiswa izibani eziningi zempepho nebhotela futhi kwenziwa iminikelo ehlukahlukene ukuze kucelwe ukuvikelwa ezinhlekeleleni nasezinhlekeleleni nokucela inhlanhla.

Umkhosi Wezimbali nezibani zebhotela

Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukugubha ukuzalwa kukaSakyamundi, umsunguli weBuddhism. Izimbali ziningiliziwe kanye nezibani nezinye izinto ezenziwe ngebhotela futhi kuyisikhumbuzo sokunqoba kukaShakyamuni Buddha phezu kwabamelene nezitha zakhe, okwenzeka eNdiya eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2500 edlule.

Imikhosi nemikhosi yeBuddhism eThailand

EThailand, amaphesenti angama-95 abantu bangamaBuddha, abavela esikoleni saseTheravada, esiseLaos, eBurma naseCambodia, amasiko aso abaluleke kakhulu yilezi:

makhabucha

Iholide likazwelonke kuleli zwe kusukela ngekhulu le-1250, elibekwe nguRama IV. Engxoxweni kuhlonishwa nokukhulekelwa kukhunjulwa umhlangano womhume waseVeluvana kaBuddha nezindela eziyi-XNUMX, ezathola ukugcotshwa nguye futhi zathola yonke imfundiso nezimfundiso zakhe. Kwenziwa enyangeni egcwele yenyanga yesithathu yekhalenda lenyanga, cishe njalo ngoFebhuwari.

I-Visa Bucha

Ukuhlonipha ukuzalwa, ukukhanyiselwa nokufa kukaBuddha, ngenyanga kaMeyi noma uJuni noma nini lapho kuqondana nenyanga egcwele yenyanga yesithupha. Izikhumbuzo zezimfundiso zikaGautama Buddha zivame ukwenziwa ukuze kuqiniswe ukubaluleka kwezenhlalo nezomoya zabantu.

asashabucha

Kwenziwa ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu lwenyanga yesishiyagalombili, okungukuthi, ekupheleni kukaJulayi, yaziwa ngokuthi yi-Dharma day, futhi kuwumkhosi omkhulu wamaThais, bakwenzela ukugubha usuku lokuqala. intshumayelo eyanikezwa uBuddha, ngemva kokuba usuzuze ukukhanyiselwa kwakho.

I-Khaw Pansa kanye ne-Ok Pansa

Kuwumkhuba wobuBuddha baseTheravada kulo lonke elaseThailand, futhi njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kuwukuhoxa okungokomoya okwenziwa yizo zonke izindela, okuthatha izinyanga ezintathu ngenkathi yezimvula kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-October. Kuyo balungiselela futhi banakekele ukwakheka kwabo nokuthuthukiswa komoya ngokuzindla nokutadisha okuningi.

Ezinye izihloko ongase uzithande noma ube nentshisekelo kuzo yilezi ezilandelayo:

Umsunguli weBuddhism

Unkulunkulukazi wamaBuddha Ovikelayo


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele idatha: I-Actualidad Blog
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.