Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kusiyanisa Colombia ndeyekusiyana-siyana mune zvese, kusiyana-siyana mumamiriro ekunze ayo, kubva kunotonhora kwemakomo kusvika pakadzika kwegungwa reCaribbean, zvakasiyana-siyana zvemimhanzi yayo kubva kune melancholic bambuco kusvika kune cumbia inofadza, pakati pezvimwe zvakadaro. zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavara Zvipfeko zveColombia handina kukwanisa kupotsa.
Zvipfeko zveColombia
Iyo Republic of Colombia yakakamurwa kuita matunhu matanhatu echisikigo ayo anoonekwa neakasiyana maficha, kunyanya mamiriro ekunze uye geography. Misiyano iyi inoita kuti pave nemhando dzetsika, chiri chinhu chinovazivisa chipfeko chinoshandiswa. Musanganiswa wetsika dzepakutanga dzechivanhu, nemukundi weEurope uye wekumanikidzwa weAfrica wakaguma mune izvo zvinosiyaniswa mune zvipfeko zveColombia.
Nhoroondo diki
Sezvo José Moreno Clavijo anorondedzera mubhuku rake "Cultural and Bibliographic Bulletin" rakabudiswa muna May 1961, pedyo neMagdalena River, pamwe chete nevakunda veSpain, zvipfeko zveEurope zvakasvika munyika dzeColombia. Zvakatora nguva refu kuti vanhu vomunyika iyi vagamuchire mapfekero evokune imwe nyika, nemhaka yokusavimba kwavo kwomuzvarirwo uye nemhaka yokuramba kwavo kuchinja kwaiiswa pavari nechisimba.
VekuSpain vakaona kuti vanhu verudzi urwu vakavhara miviri yavo nejira gobvu rainzi anaco, iro raiva nemucheka wakafara mamita matatu, wavaimonerera muhudyu ndokugadzirisa muchiuno mavo nechumbe, iro raiva bhande remaoresa. .donje nemvere dzemakwai dzine mavara akanaka kwazvo. Anaco yaishandiswa nevarume yakasvika kumabvi, vakadzi vakapfeka anaco yaisvika kumakumbo.
Vakadzi veIndies vakawanikwa nevakunda veEurope vaizadzisa zvipfeko zvavo nekuisa llilla pamisoro yavo, rudzi rwematilla yavaipeta pamusoro pemutsipa wehuro vachiibata netupo, pini refu yakagadzirwa negoridhe rakavharidzirwa iro yakanga yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yakaomesesa. Kuti vazvidzivirire kuchando vakapfeka poncho refu yainge yakagadzirwa necanvas yaisvika mumabvi.
Vazhinji vevanhu veko vaienda vasina shangu, matinji chete uye nhengo dzakanyanya kukosha munharaunda dzakapfeka nguruve bhangi, soli yedehwe yaive yakasungwa nemitsetse yechinhu chimwe chete icho chaiyambuka neminwe.
Kunyika dzinodziya, varume vaingopfeka chiuno chete uye vakadzi vakapfeka anaco uye vakashama kubva muchiuno zvichikwira. Madzimai echiIndia aishandisa anaco paganda uye pakasvika vakadzi vekuEurope ndipo pavakamanikidzwa kupfeka mapeticoat pasi pemasiketi avo. Mubasa raJosé Moreno Clavijo, rakanyorwa muna 1961, munhu anogona kuverenga:
“Chinofadza ndechokuti zvipfeko izvi zvakachengetedzwa zvakada kuchena mumazana emakore uye tinogona kuzviona zuva nezuva mumigwagwa yeBogota, zvakaturikwa pamitumbi yemaIndia eHuitoto anouya kuguta guru kuzotengesa mbambo dzavo. Anenge munhu wese anofamba asina shangu paasphalt uye chipfeko chega chinovabatanidza nehupenyu hweveruzhinji ingowani inonzwika senge inopfekwa nemukuru wehofisi ".
Zvipfeko zveColombia neNzvimbo
Musanganiswa wetsika dzakasiyana sedzevaSpanish, zvizvarwa zvemo nevemuAfrica zvakaita kuti pave nechimiro chitsva chekuzivikanwa kwetsika, zvipfeko zviri nzira yekuzviratidzira. Iyo quintessential yakajairika Colombian chipfeko chine siketi yeruvara rwevakadzi, kazhinji dema, iyo dzimwe nguva yakashongedzwa nemavara ekugadzira uye dzimwe nguva inongove nemarabhoni pamipendero ane mavara emureza wenyika: yero , bhuruu uye tsvuku izvo zvinobudirira. musiyano unoshamisa.
Siketi yacho inowedzerwa nekazhinji jena, bhurauzi rine maoko marefu rine booed neckline uye isina neckline. Shangu dzinoshandiswa, kazhinji shangu, dzinoenderana nekugadzirwa kana ribhoni dzinoshongedza skirt. Pakupedzisira, inopfekedzwa korona neheti, tsvuku kana khaki scarf.
Sutu yechirume inogadzirwa kuti ienderane nesutu yechikadzi, saka ine bhurugwa dema uye shati chena ine maoko marefu ine sikavha tsvuku muhuro. Shangu neheti zvakafanana nezvinopfekwa nevakadzi.
Asi kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuti zvipfeko zveColombia zvinosiyana zvichienderana nenharaunda, uye imwe neimwe ine zvayo zvayo.
Nzvimbo yeAndean
Dunhu reAndean rinotenderedza madhipatimendi eAntioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, Quindío neAntioquia (Dunhu reKofi), Nariño, Huila, Tolima, Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Santander uye Norte de Santander. Munharaunda iyi, tsika yemestizo inokunda nehukuru hwakanyanya hwevazukuru veSpanish pamusoro pemadzinza.
Varume vanogara mudunhu reAndean vanowanzopfeka bhurukwa dema kana chena, shati yakadhindwa ine maoko marefu, espadrilles, poncho, carriel, hat uye sikavha. Vakadzi vanopfeka siketi refu, kazhinji yakashongedzwa nemaruva madiki, bhurauzi jena, mutsipa wakaita setireyi, kwete yakanyanya kuderera, uye marefu-mashizha marefu, ane bolero yejira rimwe chete; bvudzi rake rinowanzosungirirwa mumapendekete anowira pamafudzi ake.
Mune imwe shanduro yezvipfeko zveColombia munharaunda yeAndean, mukadzi wacho anopfeka blouse chena, tray-cut-cut yakagadzirwa nelace uye randas kana lace yakagadzirwa nemaoko uye yakashongedzwa nekushandiswa kwepaillette. Yakaiswa zipi kumashure. Kazhinji, siketi inogadzirwa nesatin ine mavara akajeka uye kureba kwayo kuri pakati pemhuru. Pazasi payo pane petticoat ine ndege nhatu. Siketi yacho yakashongedzwa nemaruva motifs, angave akapendwa kana kufa-akachekwa kubva kune silika.
Apo mitambo yakakurumbira inopembererwa munharaunda yeAndean, zvipfeko zveColombia zvinosiyana. Vakadzi vanopfeka hembe refu jena dzakashongedzwa nemaruva nezvinoshongedzwa, kutamba sanjuanero, neshangu dzisina zvitsitsinho, varume vanopfeka sutu chena yakagadzirwa nebhurugwa rejira tete, hembe ine maoko marefu, jira dzvuku rakasungwa muhuro uye. ngowani."painted".
Mushongedzero wakajairika wezvipfeko zveColombia ndewani yeAguadeño, chidimbu chakagadzirwa nemaoko chave chiratidzo chePaisa tsika uye yedunhu rose. Iyo ngowani yeAguadeño yakarukwa neruoko nefiber yeIraca palm (Carludovica palmata) mudhorobha reAguadas, dhipatimendi reCaldas.
Kare, heti idzi dzaive nekorona yakakwira, asi hadzisisiri kugadzirwa nenzira iyoyo, saka iyi modhi inofarirwa zvakanyanya nevateresi. Mazuva ano anogadzirwa nekapu yepasi, ane short-brimmed kana kuti akafara-brimmed uye anogara ari ekupedzisira akachena chose uye kunze kwemukombe ane ribhoni dema. Iyo yepakutanga uye yechokwadi Hat yeAguadeño inogadzirwa nefiber yakatorwa kubva pamoyo weIraca palm uye ndiko kunobva kuchena kwayo.
Iyo carriel kana guarniel imhando yebhegi redehwe kana chikwama chekushandiswa kwechirume chinowanzoitwa nePaisa tsika uye zvipfeko zveColombia kubva panguva dzekoloni. Ichi chipfeko chinoshandiswa chinenge chakasarudzika nevagari venzvimbo yePaisa uye inosiyanisa madzishe eAntioquia. Iyo carriel yaishandiswa zvakanyanya nemanyurusi. Imwe yeayo akasiyana maficha huwandu hukuru hwehomwe nemakamuri ayo anayo, mamwe acho anogona kunge ari "chakavanzika".
Mumwe mumiriri wemukadzi weiyo axis yekofi ndiye chapolera, mukadzi anotarisira kukohwa kofi, kazhinji zvipfeko zvechapoleras zvine jira rakarukwa uye heti yemichindwe pamusoro. Iro donje bhurauzi rakachena nemaoko mapfupi, rine mutsipa wakakwirira uye bolero, kazhinji rine zvishongo zvinosanganisira embroidery, ruches, mabhegi uye tambo dzakasiyana, kana bhurauzi rakapfekwa nemaoko marefu aya haana chero zvishongo, chete lace pa gokora .
Mipendero yacho yakareba, inosvika masendimita masere pamusoro pechidzitiro, yakagadzirwa nekotoni yakadhindwa kaviri, iyo inodhindwa inowanzobudisa maruva uye yakashongedzwa nemucheka wekucheka. Muchikamu chezasi anopfeka imwe kana maviri boleros uye anogara akapfeka petticoat, siketi inowedzerwa nekushandiswa kweapron yekudzivirira. Seshangu ma chapolera anoshandisa espadrilles. Pasi pechirafu bvudzi rinoputirwa mumakumbo akasungirirwa nemarabhoni, ane tambo refu, candongas kana mhete uye ruva guru mubvudzi.
Anozadzisa chipfeko chake nebhasikiti rakarukwa nerattan yakaonda ine nzeve mbiri dzinoshandiswa kusungirirwa pachiuno, tswanda iyi inoshandiswa kunhonga kofi yakananga kubva kumatavi emuti wekofi uye woenda nayo kunzvimbo yekuchengetedza.
Vagari venharaunda yeAndean vanodada vanoratidza zvipfeko zvavo zvechinyakare zvine mavara mumitambo yakasiyana-siyana nemitambo inopembererwa munharaunda yakadai se: The Flower Fair iyo inopembererwa gore negore muguta reMedellín; Manizales Fair iyo inopembererwa mumwedzi waNdira muguta iroro uye kuti pakati pezviitiko zvayo inosanganisira Mutambo Wekurwa Kwenzombe wenharaunda uye Kutonga Kwekofi Kwenyika; Folk Festival uye National Bambuco Kutonga kunoitika muguta reNeiva vhiki yekutanga yaChikunguru.
Chimwe chiitiko umo zvipfeko zvechivanhu zveColombia zvinoshandiswa kushamisira ndezvakasiyana zvekutamba kwenzvimbo yeAndean, pakati pemamwe madhanzi bambuco inosanganisirwa, iyo inoonekwa seinomiririra dhanzi rechinyakare; El Torbellino iyo inosanganisira kutamba uye rwiyo uye inofananidzwa neBoyaca, Cundinamarca neSantander; La Guabina yakakurumbira zvikuru mumadhipatimendi eSantander, Boyacá, Tolima, Huila uye yaimbova muAntioquia; horo iyo iri mutsauko weEuropean vas.
Kutamba La Guabina, chipfeko chakakosha kwazvo chekuColombia chinoshandiswa: murume anopfeka bhurugwa regumbeze, fique espadrilles, kepisi yemvere yakasviba yakavharwa neheti diki yemashanga nehembe ine ruvara rwakajeka. . Mukadzi anoshongedza chimiro chake nesikiketi dema, mapeticoat machena anoburitsa lace yake pasi pesiketi, espadrilles yakashongedzwa neblack braid, blouse rakarukwa, mantilla pfupi inodonha kumusana, ngowani yemashanga nemontera.
Nzvimbo yePacific
Nzvimbo yePacific inzvimbo yakasikwa iri pakati pemakomo eAndes ekumadokero nePacific Ocean munzvimbo inonzi Pacific Coast. Iyi dunhu rinosanganisira dhipatimendi reChocó nenzvimbo dzemahombekombe dzemadhipatimendi eValle, Cauca neNariño. Nekuda kweiyo geography, iyi nharaunda ine yakakura yemamiriro ekunze akasiyana, asi inodziya mamiriro ekunze anokunda mamwe.
Mudunhu rePacific, kunyangwe paine huwandu hwevanhu vekuSpain neveko, huwandu hwevanhu vemuAfrica vanonyanya, iri imwe yenzvimbo dzenyika ine huvepo hukuru hweAfro-Colombian. Mazhinji mataurirwo etsika emuAfrica anorarama munharaunda iyi, ayo anopa ruvara rwakakosha kuzvipfeko zvavo.
Zvipfeko zveColombia munzvimbo iyi zvevakadzi zvinosanganisira siketi refu inosvika kumakumbo uye bhurauzi rakagadzirwa nemucheka wakajeka wemavara anopenya uye anoyevedza anoratidza ruvara rweganda rake, blouse rakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yakagadzirwa neshinda inopa iyo yakanyanya kunaka. kutaridzika kwemaruva. Chipfeko ichi chinoshandiswa kunyanya pakutamba jota, juga kana pulley.
Zvipfeko zvechirume zvine hembe ine maoko marefu, kazhinji inogadzirwa nesirika chena, bhurukwa jena rakagadzirwa nemucheka wedenim, espadrilles akagadzirwa necabuya uye gobvu fique jira.
Zvipfeko zvezuva nezuva uye zvisina kurongwa zveColombia munharaunda yeValle, Cauca neNariño, ndiyo zvipfeko zvinopindirana nemamiriro okunze anodziya uye anodziya kazhinji. Mukadzi anopfeka mabhurauzi erineni kana esirika kana hembe dzine mavara epastel, uye masiketi madiki anotungamira. Muguta reCali nemataundi akavakidzana ane avhareji tembiricha ari madhigirii makumi maviri nematanhatu, vakadzi havawanzo kupfeka masokisi.
Zvipfeko zvisina kurongwa zvevarume munzvimbo ine tembiricha yepamusoro zvinoratidzirwa nehembe pfupi-pfupi mumicheka yakapfava uye bhurukwa rerineni. MuNariño, mamiriro ekunze anowanzo kutonhora, sezvo nzvimbo iyi ichinyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo ine makomo yeCentral Cordillera. Nokudaro, kushandiswa kwezvipfeko zvemvere dzemakwai uye dzimwe nguva ruanas kwakajairika pakati pevagari vayo.
Kuita matambiro akajairika senge currulao, inova rudzi rwemumhanzi rwunoitwa ichiperekedzwa nezvidhoma, zvigubhu uye clarinets, kana bunde, vakadzi vanoshongedza zvimiro zvavo nemaskiketi eruvara rwakajeka, sikavha nehembe ine mipendero nepo zvipfeko zvinoshandiswa ne varume vachena chose.
Tsika dzemariro epamberi peColumbian dzakataura kuti vakafa vakanga vakapfeka zvipfeko “zvinoshamisira” zvikurusa, uku kuri kurudziro kuvapenyu, avo zvino vanopfeka zvipfeko zvavo zvakanakisisa.
Ndiyo apo mitambo yakajairika yenharaunda inoitwa pavanenge vachinyatsoratidzwa mukubwinya kwavo kwose, pakati pemitambo iyi, nziyo uye rhythms ndezvizvi zvinotevera: The currulao, inofananidzira yeBuenaventura uye muPacific; patacoré, bereju, juga, maquerule, aguabajo, kutamba, contradanza, jota uye bunde.
Aya madhanzi nenziyo anoitwa panguva yemitambo yakakosha uye mafirita munharaunda, akadai se: The Cali Fair, iyo inopembererwa muguta rino pakati paDecember XNUMX neXNUMX yegore rega rega uye yatove yechinyakare kuvanhu veVallejo; Carnival yeVatema nevachena iyo inopembererwa pakati paNdira XNUMX neXNUMX muPasto (Nariño) uye yakazivikanwa seCultural Heritage of Humanity; uye Vhiki Dzvene.
Nzvimbo yeCaribbean
Dunhu reCaribbean reRepublic of Colombia rinoumbwa nemadhipatimendi eAtlántico, Bolívar, Córdoba, Cesar, Valledupar, Riohacha, Magdalena neSan Andrés. Iyi yaive dunhu rekutanga renyika kwakasvika maSpaniards uye inogarwa naWayúus muLa Guajira, Arhuacos neKoguis muLa Sierra Nevada uye vanhu vatema vemuAfrica, vakanyanya mudunhu iri.
Sezvo iri dunhu rinowanzogara kuchipisa nekunyorova kwekunze, zvipfeko zveColombia mudunhu reCaribbean zvine zvipfeko zvakapfava uye zvitsva, varume vanopfeka hembe dzakapfava apo mavara anofadza anomira pachena, vakapfeka bhurugwa rerineni. Mumasavanna ari emadhipatimendi eCórdoba, Sucre, Magdalena neBolívar zvakajairika kuti varume vapfeke "vueltiao" hat.
Zvipfeko zvakajairika zvevarume mudhipatimendi reBolívar mabhuruku machena erineni, hembe chena inogona kuve yakareba-yamaoko kana mapfupi-sleeve zvichienderana nenguva, san jacintera bhegi, "vueltiao" hat uye shangu dzevarume, uye yakafara. masiketi.Ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa nevakadzi. Chishandiso chinoshandiswa pamusoro pezvese muguta reCartagena, nepalenqueras, vanofukidza misoro yavo nemicheka kwavanotakura mabheseni ane michero yekupisa, masiwiti nemabhanzi echibage.
MaWayúus anogara mudhipatimendi reLa Guajira ndemamwe emapoka mashoma anoshandisa zvipfeko zvavo zvemazuva ese. Vakadzi vechiWayuu vanoshandisa gumbeze rakanaka uye rinoyevedza neshangu dzine machira emvere dzemakushe akasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nemagariro. Zvipfeko zvevarume zvinogadzirwa nemucheka wechiuno unozivikanwa se guayuco ine jira rinoshamisa uye rakanaka, musoro wakashongedzwa nekapu kana ngoro yakarukwa nemavara akajeka uye yakashongedzwa neminhenga yepeacock, vanowanzoenda vasina shangu.
Iyo vueltiao hat chishongedzo chezvipfeko zveColombia izvo zvakatemerwa nekongiresi yenyika iyoyo seCultural Symbol of the Nation. Iyo vueltiao hat yakafanana neCaribbean savannas yekuColombia, chaizvo mumadhipatimendi eCórdoba neSucre. Iyi ngowani inobva kuZenú tsika yechivanhu, yakagara munharaunda yeSinu River. Iyi ngowani inogadzirwa nefiber yecaña flecha.
Semumatunhu ayo ese, zvipfeko zveColombia mudunhu reCaribbean zvinofarirwa zvirinani kana dhanzi nekutamba kwenzvimbo kunoitwa, senge: Mapalé, inova dhanzi rinofara kwazvo rinotambwa muguta reCartagena uye. mamwe maguta ekumahombekombe; Iyo cumbia dance inomiririra Colombia pasirese; vallenato yave yakakurumbira munyika yose uye munyika dzakavakidzana dzakadai sePanama, Venezuela, Ecuador neMexico; mubatanidzwa mutambo wepakutanga wevaranda vatema.
Mimwe mitambo yakakurumbira munharaunda iyi ndiyo Puya, dhanzi rakakurumbira zvikuru kubva munharaunda yeVallenata, rinoshandiswa mumitambo yakakurumbira kubva pakupera kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, uye bullerengue, rudzi rwemimhanzi uye kutamba kubva kuCaribbean Coast yeColombia.
Chipfeko cheColombia chekutamba cumbia ndeyevakadzi siketi yakafara inonzi pollera iyo yakashongedzwa neappliqué nemarabhoni uye bolero pasi. Iro bhurauzi rine mapendekete asina kupfeka uye maoko akazvitutumadza, mavara ehembe dzese ane mavara mazhinji, kazhinji ane akawanda madhindi. Varume vacho vanopfeka zvichena zvakakwana, nehembe refu-refu, hat yevueltiao uye tsvuku tsvuku tsvuku.
Zvese zviri zviviri kushamisira kwezvipfeko uye hunyanzvi mumadhanzi zvinoonekwa mumitambo yakasiyana-siyana nemitambo munharaunda yakadai se:
Iyo Barranquilla Carnival, uko mukuwedzera kune yakajairwa zvipfeko iwe unogona zvakare kunakidzwa nemavara ezvipfeko; Mutambo weVallenata Legend, unopembererwa gore rega rega muValledupar (Cesar); The Sea Fair, inoitwa gore negore kupemberera imwe yegore yeSanta María; Mutambo weWayúu Tsika, unoitika gore negore mubazi reLa Guajira.
Imwe ratidziro yakakosha munharaunda ndeye XNUMX yaNdira mabiko, anoitika pakati pegumi neXNUMX Ndira muna Sincelejo (Sucre), panguva yemitambo iyi yakakurumbira corralejas inoitwa.
Nzvimbo yeOrinoquía
Dunhu reOrinoquía riri kumabvazuva kweColombia, munzvimbo inoganhurana neRepublic yeVenezuela.Munzvimbo iyi mune Llanos Orientales, savanna hombe inotangira mujinga memakomo ekumabvazuva eAndean kusvika kurwizi Orinoco. Inzvimbo yakakura yemusikirwo inosvika kuVenezuela neGuianas.
Dunhu reOrinoquía rinosanganisira dhipatimendi reMeta nenzvimbo dzeArauca, Casanare neVichada. Munzvimbo iyi yakakura savannah, chiitiko chikuru chipfuyo, uye rudzi rwevanhu rwemestizo rwakanyanya, nevaSpanish nevazukuru veko.
Mallaneros, sema gauchos emapampas emuArgentina, vatasvi vemabhiza vakakura, vakanamatira kuhupenyu hwekuzvibata, vanowanzo rarama mumombe dzavo uye havambosiyi chigaro chavo, bhiza ravo uye tambo yavo kune lasso.
Kazhinji, mukadzi wellanera anopfeka siketi yakafara kwazvo inosvika kumakumbo, siketi yepasi inowanzoreruka kana tsvuku nemaruva, tier yega yega yeskiketi yakashongedzwa zvakanyanya nemarabhoni nemaruva kumusoro.
Mukadzi wellanera anopfeka petticoat uye slip yakakura. Bharazi rinoshandiswa rakachena, rine maoko mapfupi kana matatu-kota, mutsara wakafara, mutsipa wakakwirira, wakashongedzwa nemarabhoni uye mabhatani kumashure kwemavara akafanana nejasi. Inogonawo kuva chipfeko chimwe chete chine maitiro akafanana.
Nhasi uno mukadzi wemubani anopfekawo siketi imwe chete asi pakati pemhuru, mupendero akaisa chinongedzo chakakura, neblouse jena rine mutsa wehuro, washer nemaoko mapfupi, ane makotesheni kana espadrilles chete. Vakadzi vedunhu reOrinoquía vanowanzofarira kupfeka vhudzi ravo refu refu rakashongedzwa neruva recayenne.
Zvipfeko zveColombia muvarume veOrinoquía nharaunda inoumbwa nemabhuruku machena kana matema, zvichienderana nerudzi rwembatya dzemumwe.
Mabhurugwa akamoneredzwa kusvika pakati pegumbo kuita seayambuka rwizi, akapfeka hembe chena kana tsvuku. Chimwe chipfeko chakajairika muvarume vebani ndeye khaki pants, ine shati yakasununguka yemuvara wakafanana pamusoro pebhurugwa.
Musoro wake wakashongedzwa neheti ine brimmed yakakura, kazhinji ngowani peloeguama, kazhinji dema kana araguato. Bvudzi uye guama hat inosarudzwa nellaneros sezvo, nekuda kwechimiro chayo, inorema uye zvakaoma kuti idonhe nekufamba kwemabasa ezuva nezuva kana nekutendeuka kwekutamba kwejoropo.
Iyo joropo inomiririra quintessential yekutamba yemapani eColombia neVenezuelan. Kutamba kwakajairwa kwevazukuru veSpanish uye kwaive negenesis yayo mumitambo yeflamenco neAndalusian. Pachinyakare zviridzwa zvokuridudzira mbira, ina uye maracas.
Mallaneros anoshamisira zvipfeko zvavo uye hunyanzvi hwavo hwekutamba pamitambo yakasiyana-siyana nemitambo inoitika mudunhu, senge:
Iyo Joropo International Tournament iyo inoitwa muguta reVillavicencio mubazi reMeta; Zuva reAraucanidad rinoitwa gore negore pana December XNUMX; Mutambo Wevana Vepasi Pose weLlanera Music "La Palometa de Oro", unoitwa muna Mbudzi muPuerto Carreño mudhipatimendi reMeta; Mutambo weIndigenous tsika yeCumaribo municipality.
Nzvimbo yeAmazon
MuRepublic of Colombia, dunhu reAmazon rinovhara madhipatimendi eAmazonas, Vichada, Vaupés, Caquetá, Putumayo, Guaviare neGuainía. Mundima iyi munogara vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana vanotaura mitauro yakasiyana-siyana, uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chiTupi.
Nekuda kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo, hazvigoneke kuona chipfeko chakajairwa chedunhu. Zvipfeko zvezuva nezuva zvinoshandiswa munharaunda iyi zvinowanzoitika munzvimbo dzinopisa dzemasango.
Pasinei neizvi, siketi yakadhindwa nemaruva, kureba kusvika kumabvi uye bhurauzi jena rakashongedzwa nemitsipa uye mabhanhire akajairika echivanhu, akatorwa sechipfeko chemuno chevakadzi. Varume vanopfeka mabhurugwa machena nehembe dzine makora akafanana.
MaTicunas echinyakare munguva dzekare aive nehafu asina kusimira, aimbopfeka nzeve dzakagadzirwa nematanda uye dzakashongedzwa neminhenga, dzimwe nguva idzi nzeve dzaigadzirwa nemarata esimbi. Madzishe nevanhu vaitungamirira vaipfeka zvishongo zvaiva nemazino emhuka, minhenga yeshiri nembeu.
Kuti vapemberere dzimwe tsika vanopfeka zvipfeko zvakagadzirwa neyanchama, iyo bark yemuti, yakashongedzwa neingi yakagadzirwa nemiriwo. Iyi sutu haina maoko uye inopedzwa nejasi rakagadzirwa nemashizha emichindwe, pane dzimwe nguva mashizha emuti mumwe chete akarongwa mumitsetse aishandiswa. Maskirt aya anosvika kumakumbo. Vanopindirana nechitarisiko chavo vachishandisa masiki akagadzirwa nematanda emuti unonzi topa, vanoshandisawo maketani nekorona dzakashongedzwa nemhodzi neminhenga yeshiri.
Ichi chipfeko chakakosha zvikuru chaishandiswa nevarume nevakadzi uyewo vana pasina rusarura.
Vanhu veko venharaunda yeYaguas vanoshandisa zvipfeko zvinozivikanwa zvikuru zveColombia kune vagari venharaunda yeAmazon. Munharaunda iyi, varume nevakomana vanopfeka siketi ine mvere yakagadzirwa neaguaje fibers.
Muhuro vakapfeka necklace uye pazvitsitsinho bhandi rakagadzirwawo neshinda dzeaguaje. Vakadzi nevasikana vemunharaunda iyi vanopfeka pampanilla yakamanikana, inova siketi yakagadzirwa nemucheka wakajairika, ichivasiya vakashama kubva muchiuno zvichikwira.
Pasinei nokuti vagari vomunharaunda yeAmazon vanoramba kutora mutauro uye tsika dze "vachena", vanoshandisa muupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva zvipfeko zvinopfekwa mumataundi nemaguta uye zvipfeko zvinowanzoitwa munharaunda yavo zvakachengeterwa mhemberero dzakakosha.
Mimwe mitambo nemitambo apo vanhu veko vanopfeka mbatya dzavo dzakanakisisa ndeidzi: Sibundoy Carnival, inopembererwa musi weChitatu pamberi peChitatu Madota muSibundoy Valley; iyo Mocoa Carnival, inoitika mumwedzi waZvita mudhipatimendi rePutumayo; Mutambo weNyika uye Wepasi Pose uye Kutonga kweEcology, yakavambwa nechinangwa chekusimudzira kushanya muCaquetá; Folkloric Mutambo weSan Pedro muCaquetá, unopembererwa gore negore muFlorence.
Kutamba uko vagari vomunharaunda yeAmazon vanoratidzira zvipfeko zvavo zvakanakisisa ndeichi: kutamba kwomwenga nechikomba, uko vaGuambiano vanoita mukati menhambo yeroorano; the Cayuco, iko kutamba kunoitika panguva yemuchato pakati pevaHuitotos veko.
The Island Region
Iyo Insular nharaunda yeColombia haisi "nzvimbo" inotaura zvakanaka, asi seti yezvitsuwa uye zvitsuwa zviri kure nemahombekombe ekondinendi. Aya ndiwo maArchipelago eSan Andrés neProvidence muAtlantic Ocean uye Malpelo neGorgona Islands muPacific Ocean uye Archipelago yeSan Bernardo muGungwa reCaribbean. Izvo hazvisanganisire zvitsuwa zvinoyerera zvakaita semadziva nenzizi.
Zvipfeko zveColombia munharaunda ye insular zvinokanganiswa zvakanyanya netsika dzechiDutch, tsika dzeBritish, uye tsika dzeAfrica-America. Muzhinji, zvipfeko zve insular mavara akareruka uye machira akareruka. Mapfekero akajairika evakadzi vepachitsuwa ibhurauzi jena, rine mutsipa wakakwirira, maoko marefu, ane miganhu yakashongedzwa nezvinofadza uye zvine mavara. Siketi yacho yakachena kana, neimwe nzira, ine mavara akajeka, yakareba, yakafara uye yakanyatsojeka, kazhinji inosvika pamakumbo.
Vakadzi vanowanzo shandisa shangu nhema dzakavharika dzakasununguka. Sezvishandiso vanoshandisa ribhoni kana machira anoshandiswa sezvishongo mumusoro, aya ane mavara anosanganisirwa nembatya dzese. Kazhinji bvudzi rinounganidzwa mumata ane zvishongo zvinoenderana nedzimwe mbatya.
Chipfeko cheColombia chevarume veInsular region chinosanganisira shati refu-yakareba, chena, yakafara kwazvo, yakanyatsocheka uye jira rakareruka; bhurugwa regrey kana ukada dema, rakagadzirwa nechinhu chakareruka. Shangu dzakavharwa zvachose uye nhema. Sezvishandiso, ngowani, suspenders, maketani pahembe, tayi yeuta uye, zvichienderana nenzvimbo, jekete rinopfekwa.
Heano mamwe malink aunofarira: