Imwe yematombo anokosha anozivikanwa nevanhu vazhinji munyika ndeye Garnet. Nguva ino Simba remweya, ichatsanangura zvese zvine chekuita nazvo.
Garnet
Garnet kazhinji izita rinoshandiswa kutsanangura rimwe boka re silica minerals. Zvakakosha kuti iwe uzive kuti silica imhando yesilicon inorganic (metalloid chemical element), inozivikanwawo sesilicon oxide, nokuti inoumbwa nesilicon uye oksijeni.
Garnet inowanzo zivikanwa sedombo rakakosha, kutaura zvazviri mavambo ayo abrasive anoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakira kushandiswa muindasitiri yeindasitiri. Nekuda kweizvi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti chikamu chayo chete chakakodzera kushandiswa segemstone.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti yakashandiswa kubva panguva yebhuronzi (iyo prehistoric nguva umo simbi yebronze yakashanduka, zvichibva mumhangura ine tin) sedombo, pamwe neabrasive.
Kubva mugore ra1912, iri rinoonekwa sedombo rekuzvarwa kwevanhu vanozvarwa mumwedzi waNdira. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare semaminerari edunhu reConnecticut uye ibwe rinokosha reNew York, muUnited States.
Garnet yave yakakosha munhoroondo yose zvekuti maererano nemagwaro akasiyana-siyana, chikamu chikuru chevaIjipita chakavigwa nematombo akaitwa neinlays yeiyi mineral, kuitira kuti vagone kuva navo mushure mekufa kwavo.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, yaishandiswawo kuita zvekutengesa muRoma, pamwe chete nemarin'i emhando yechisimbiso kutanga iwo wakisi, kuitira kuvimbisa magwaro akakodzera.
Maererano nedzimwe nyaya dzekare uye ngano, kunyanya izvo zvakaitika munguva dzekare, iyi mineral yaionekwa semudziviriri wezviroto zvisina kunaka. Nepo vaGiriki vakazvipa sechiratidzo cherudo.
Historia
Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kwemakore akawanda uye mutsika dzakasiyana-siyana, garnet yakaita basa rinokosha zvikuru. Zvakanaka, kunze kwekuzivikanwa sedombo rinokosha, inonziwo imwe yemaminerari anokosha.
Ndicho chikonzero kuvapo kweiyi dombo rinokosha kwakatanhamara zvikuru mungano yechiGiriki, pamwe chete nomumagwaro akasiana-siana. Nekudaro, mutsika yechiMuslim nechiHebheru mavambo inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekupenya kwayo.
Kwemazana emakore, yakavezwa uye yakashanda sedombo rinokosha. Kana ari maVikings, vaimbovashandisa muzvishongo semariro emariro. Asi varwi veCrusader vakashandisa dombo iri kushongedza nhumbi dzavo dzokurwa uye kuwana ushingi hwakawedzerwa munguva dzehondo.
Pamusoro peizvozvo, raive dombo rakakurumbira mumazana emakore eXNUMX neXNUMX paEuropean continent, kunyanya panguva yeVictorian, sezvo yaigara ichishandiswa muzvishongo. Dzidza zvakare nezve simbi yekuvhiya.
Kutanga
Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa pasirese semetamorphic, igneous uye sedimentary rock. Chikamu chikuru chazvo chinotangira munzvimbo dzine kupisa kana kuti kune kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, sezvo izvi zvinosimudza kuumbwa kwemaminerari maitiro kune imwe inogadziriswa kuitira kuti inogona kutsigirwa munharaunda iyo inowanikwa.
Izvi zvinotanga sembeu diki dzinokura nekufamba kwenguva kuti dzisanganise dombo riri padyo, ndosaka dzichiwanzo kuwanikwa sechishongedzo cheminerari mune mamwe marudzi eigneous rock. Sezvinoita makristasi matsvuku akasviba anomira kunze pamatafura akagadzirwa negranite.
Nzira yekuchera garnet kubva pasi inogona kunge yakasiyana. Panyaya yekuchera gomba rakavhurika, zvakajairika kutsvaga matombo akasimba, sekumigodhi yemaoko, zvichienderana nenzvimbo iyo mugodhi uripo. Nepo kubviswa kweiyo alluvial deposits kunoitwa, uchishandisa backhoes uye kudhonza mitsetse.
Kana ore yabviswa mumugodhi, inoburitswa kubva muchikamu nekudzikisa saizi yayo, uchishandisa michina yakaita seshaya, kukanganisa kana cone crushers. Pamwe chete netsvimbo uye bhora zvigayo, zvese zvinoenderana nedhipoziti.
Kazhinji, iyo garnet yakaburitswa inoparadzaniswa kubva kune gangue zvicherwa kuburikidza negiravhiti yekumisa nzira. Pamwe chete nefuro reflotation. Kuti uende kuburikidza nekuomeswa, sarudza yako yekuisa pfungwa, patsanura zvimedu mumhando dzakasiyana dzemusika uye uzvichengete kuti zvitange kugoverwa.
Mhando
Kune magarnet akasiyana-siyana anoshandura ruvara rwavo zvichienderana nekuvhenekera kwaanoonekwa. Muenzaniso weizvi paunoona rumwe ruvara pasi pechiedza chechisikigo uye paunotarisa pasi pechiedza cheincandescent, chinotarisa ruvara rwakasiyana kwazvo.
Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vanowanzozvibatanidza nedombo dzvuku. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kwakabva zita regarnet rinobva paizwi gernet, rinova izwi rechirungu rakashandiswa muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX uye rinoreva ruvara rwakadzika Rutsvuku. Imwe mhedzisiro yeiyi magumo, inobva muchiLatin granatus, zvinoreva mhodzi yezviyo uye zvinoreva chitarisiko uye ruvara rwemamwe marudzi azvo.
Kunyange zvazvo tsvuku ndiyo yakajairika ruvara kusiyanisa chicherwa ichi, pane mavara akasiyana, sezvo anogona kuva grey, brown, dema, chena kana kunyange isina ruvara. Mamwe mavara maanogona kuwanikwa ari yero, girini, pink, tsvuku, purplish, tsvuku-orenji uye tsvuku-violet.
Mhuri yeiyi mineral ndeimwe yeakanyanya kuwanda uye akaomarara mumamiriro ematombo. Zvakanaka, ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana, asingawaniki munzvimbo yakachena, saka vanobatana nemamwe marudzi emaminerari akafanana. Nechikonzero ichi, mamwe emisanganiswa aya ane hunhu hwakasiyana, asi chengetedza chimiro chavo chekristaro uye zvivakwa.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pakupera kwezana remakore rechi90, zvaifungidzirwa kuti pane garnets emarudzi ose kunze kwebhuruu. Zvakadaro, rwendo rwekuMadagascar pakati pemakore ekumaXNUMX rwakakwanisa kuratidza kuti maganeti akachinja kubva kubhuruu-girinhi kuenda kuruvara rwegirinhi kana akavhenekwa nezuva. Zvaiita zvimwe chete padzakanga dziri pasi pechiedza chechiedza, asi dzakashanduka kuita pepuru.
Yakawanda yegarnet inocherwa uye inowanzoshandiswa mujecha, sandblasting, uye kusefa kwemvura. Ndicho chikonzero, kunze kwekuva mineral, garnet terminology inotsanangurawo seti yemaminerari esilica ane kuoma kweanofungidzirwa 7 pachiyero cheMohs.
Nokudaro, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeAlmandine, iyo ine ruvara rutsvuku kana ruvara, Pyrope ine ruvara rutsvuku kusvika kune ruvara rwepepuru, Spessartine ine orenji kusvika kune tsvuku kana tsvuku ruvara, iyo Andradite inoratidzwa nekuve neruvara rwegirinhi, yero kana dema, iyo Grossular yegirinhi, yero, tsvuku, pink kana limpid ruvara uye Uvarovite yegirinhi ruvara.
Mamwe marudzi
Mukuwedzera kune izvo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kunewo mamwe marudzi egarnet:
- Boiler shoma.
- Majorite.
- Goldmanite.
- Kimzeyite.
- Knorringite.
- Katoite.
- Morimotoite.
- Schorlomite.
- Hibschite.
- Hydrogrossular.
Zvakakosha kuchengeta mupfungwa kuti imwe neimwe yemhando yegarnet inotaurwa pamusoro apa ine makemikari akasiyana-siyana anoratidza ruvara rwavo. Panogona kunge paine magarnet akaumbwa necalcium ane ruvara rwakasvibira rwegirinhi, asi panogona kunge paine magarnets akaumbwa nealuminium, iron kana manganese ane ruvara rwakatsvuka.
Nekuda kweizvi, mhando dzakasiyana dzeiyi mineral iyo inonyanya kuwanikwa ndeyeyero, girini, brown, pakati pevamwe. Kuratidzira muzvishongo zvakakosha rima dzvuku ruvara.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti iyi yakasviba ruvara rutsvuku inozivikanwa semaroon color, nekuti ndiro izwi rinonyanya kushandiswa kureva mavara akafanana. Iyo inogona kuve yepepuru, nekudaro ichipa iyo ruvara iyo inotungamira mune yakajairika garnet nevamwe, senge bohemian.
Zviratidzo
Mushonga wemakemikari ndiwo wakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuti mineral iyi iwanikwe mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemavara. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti zvinhu zvakaita sesilicate, aluminium uye magnesium zvinogona kunge zviripo pane dzimwe nguva apo kukura kwayo kunoitika. Nokudaro, kuoma kwayo kunogona kusiyana pakati pe6,5 kusvika ku7,5 maererano nechiyero cheMohs.
light transmission properties
Nekuda kwemaitiro avo ekutapurirana chiedza, anogona kushandiswa sematombo anokosha. Izvi zvinokonzerwawo nekuti kupenya kwayo kune resinous kana kujeka, sezvo chimiro chayo chemakemikari inofamba nenzira yekusiyana, sezvo zvichienderana nemhando, zvisungo zveatomu zvinogona kusimba. Imwe yemhando idzi dzakasimba ndeye almandine.
kukosha kwe geological
Aya mamineral akakosha pakududzira kwakabva kwakasiyana siyana kweigneous uye metamorphic matombo. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nevolcanic geothermobarometry, iyo inosanganisira kuyerwa kwematembiricha uye kumanikidza mu magma.
Ndokusaka kuwedzera kwezvinhu kuri kunonoka mugarnet zvichienzaniswa nemamwe mamineral, uye iyi mineral inogonawo kuramba shanduko. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iwo anowanikwa ega anowanzo chengetedza iyo yekubatanidza zonation inoshandiswa kuita dudziro yenguva uye tembiricha mavakagadzira.
Nekudaro, zviyo zveiyi mineral iyo isina kuumbwa kwekumisikidza inowanzodudzirwa sehomogenization nekupararira, iyo inosanganisira nhevedzano yekupindira mukufamba kwenguva uye tembiricha yedombo. Kuziva zvakare nezve Katsi Ziso.
Shandisa
Iyo inowanzoshandiswa muzvishongo, nekuda kwemavara ayo uye kupenya, izvo zvinoita kuti ive imwe yezvinonyanya kushamisa zvinhu. Nekudaro, ine zvakare nhevedzano yekushandiswa, ine chekuita neakasiyana akakosha zvinhu zvehupenyu.
Kana yakashandiswa zvishongo, izvo zvakajeka, pamwe chete neaya ane mavara ane simba, anoshandiswa semi-anokosha matombo, ayo, zvichienderana nemhando, anopiwa masangano akagadziriswa. Pakati peizvi, iyo demantoid inomira pachena, inova kubva kune andradite ine ruvara rwegirinhi.
Ukuwo, ayo anozivikanwa sematombo anokosha akadai sepiropo, ave akakurumbira pakati peEurope kwenguva refu. Iyo yakajeka almandine kirasi, kune rumwe rutivi, inoshandiswawo sechinhu chinokosha.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti magarnet anewo abrasive, nekuda kwekuoma kwavo, iyo yakasimba kudarika quartz.
Iro zvakare ibwe rinoshandiswa kune hutano, sezvo richipihwa basa rekushandura masimba asina kunaka e chakras kuita simba rakanaka. Kune avo vanowanzoishandisa zvakare kuchenesa nhengo, ropa uye kuderedza huturu huri mumuviri.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, inogona kushandiswa kutumira kudzikama uye kudzivirira kwemuviri. Inotoshandiswa kusimbisa hunhu hwekupona, pamwe nekuwedzera izvo zvine chekuita nekuve nehushingi netariro.
Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune yakakura kuenzanisa, rudo uye runyararo muvakaroora uye mhuri. Pamusoro peizvozvo, inoonekwa sedombo rerombo, nekuti inogona kukwezva rudo uye zvakare kubudirira kwebhizinesi.
kupora mumuviri
Inofungidzirwawo kuti ibwe iri rine zvinhu mumunda wemishonga, sezvo inotsigira kukurumidza kuporesa maronda. Inopawo kuvandudzwa kwemuviri uye kukurudzira kwemasabolism.
Inowanzoshandiswa mukurapa kwemusana uye masero ekuvhiringidzika, kuberekwa patsva kweDNA, kusunungurwa kwehuputi, kuderedza kukwidziridzwa kwemwoyo, uye zvinoita kuti muviri utore marudzi ose evhithamini.
kuporesa mupfungwa
Kubva pakuona kwemanzwiro, ibwe iri rinowanzoshandiswa kupa dziviriro uye simba rakagadzikana, saka rinogonawo kushanda sekudzikamisa kwepanyama. Nezvo iwe unogonawo kubata matambudziko emanzwiro, kuenzanisa simba kuburikidza nekukurudzira kwezvishuwo uye kusimudza mafungiro.
Iwe unogona kuzviisa pasi pepiro, kuti usunungure hope dzinotyisa. Zvinotobatsira kudzoreredza mweya, kudzikama marwadzo epfungwa, kusuruvara uye kudzivirira kusachengeteka. Zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa kuwedzera mukurumbira uye positivity, nekudaro kuvandudza kuzviremekedza.
kuchenesa matombo
Kuchenesa kunonyanya kuchenjerera uye nyore, sezvo makemikari ayo akasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nehanya nekupisa. Zvakanaka, zviri nani kuiisa mumudziyo wegirazi umo chikamu chikuru chegungwa munyu chinowedzerwa uye woisiya ikoko kwemazuva mazhinji. Iyo inobva yabviswa mumudziyo, yakacheneswa uye yakaomeswa zvakanaka kwazvo.
Kuti uite dombo, rinofanira kuratidzirwa kune chiedza chemwedzi wakakwana mukati meusiku, uye zuva rinotevera rinogona kushandiswa. Kana iwe wanga uchifarira ruzivo mune ino chinyorwa, unogona kufarira kuziva zvese zvine chekuita ne ¿sei kuziva kana iri goridhe chena?