Lokhu kuzoba ngeminye yemibhalo emayelana nokulimala kwemvelo ekhiqizwa abantu okunganakwa noma kudluliswe ngaphansi kwetafula ekugcineni, wonke umuntu uyazi ngakho. ukuwohloka kwemvelo ngezinga elithile kodwa nokho izenzo nezinyathelo azibhekwa ukukumisa noma ukuwehlisa kube sezingeni elidingekayo ukuze uphile.
Kuyini ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo?
Ukuwohloka kwemvelo kuyiqiniso elibhekwa nsuku zonke njengomkhiqizo womsebenzi womuntu. U-Alberto Méndez wezemfundo mayelana nokuwohloka kwemvelo ubonisa lokhu okulandelayo:
“Inani labantu liyaqhubeka nokwanda futhi nemithombo yemvelo yomhlaba inomkhawulo. Uhlanga lwesintu luye lwaba umhlaseli wezinsiza futhi lucekela phansi imvelo ngenxa yenhlalakahle yabantu.
Ezikhathini zakuqala ngezizwe ezidla ukudla, impahla yemvelo yayihlala icishe ibe njalo, izimpahla zezomnotho zanda, kanti umehluko wawuhlanganisa inhlalakahle. Ngenguquko yezimboni, imali yabantu nezomnotho yanda futhi imali yezemvelo yehla.
Izinhlobo zokuwohloka kwemvelo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zokuwohloka kwemvelo futhi ngayinye yazo izochazwa ohlwini olulandelayo:
- Ukunukubezeka komsindo: Lolu hlobo lokungcola yilo oluba khona ngenxa yawo wonke umsindo owedlulele okhiqizwa mihla namalanga emadolobheni amakhulu, ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni lapho kunenani elikhulu labantu elikhipha umsindo omkhulu, ngaphezu kwezinto eziwukhiqizayo (ezinjalo. njengezindiza , izimoto emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, umculo onomsindo).
Wonke lo msindo unemiphumela engemihle kubantu (kungaba ingcindezi, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, izinkinga zokuzwa, izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, phakathi kokunye) Okubalulekile ukuthi awugcini nje ngokuthinta abantu kodwa nezilwane, isibonelo salokhu ukufuduka kwezinyoni. kanye nemijikelezo yabo yokuzala (yize lokhu kuguqulwa ngaphezu kwanoma yini ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu).
- Ukungcola komkhathi: Lona mhlawumbe uhlobo lokungcola okuzwakala kakhulu futhi olunomthelela omkhulu emhlabeni, lokhu kungumkhiqizo wokukhishwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali namagesi ayingozi emoyeni futhi awulimaze. Isibonelo salokhu yi-carbon monoxide, i-nitrogen oxides, phakathi kwezinye.
La magesi nezinto zingakhishwa ngamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi asetshenziswa izimoto, ngemililo yemvelo nebangelwa abantu, ngokushisa izibindi eziningi, ngamagesi anobuthi akhishwa amafekthri nezimboni ezisebenza nsuku zonke, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
- Ukungcoliswa komhlabathi: Umhlabathi ungangcoliswa umsebenzi oweqile wezolimo nemfuyo, ngaphezu kwamabhethri asetshenziswa izinto zikagesi (ngoba axosha izinto ezinobuthi). Labo abathinteka kakhulu kulolu hlobo lokungcola yizitshalo nezihlahla emhlabeni wonke.
- Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi: Lolu hlobo lokungcola lukusawoti kanye namanzi ahlanzekile, okungukuthi, olwandle, imifula, amachibi nanoma imaphi amanzi emvelo atholakala emhlabeni. Ikhiqizwa kanjani? ngokulahla imfucumfucu enobuthi olwandle ngokusebenzisa izimboni, amapayipi ngisho nabantu ngabanye emabhishi.
Lolu hlobo lokunukubezeka luthinta kabi izilwane nezitshalo, luthinta nabantu kodwa akwanele ukuba lushaqise futhi lubakhuthaze ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo eziwusizo.
- Ukungcoliswa kokukhanya: Lokhu kukhiqizwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezibani zokwenziwa emadolobheni anabantu abaningi, kuthinta abantu nezilwane ngqo emehlweni abo, kushintsha ukulala kwabo futhi kubangele ikhanda.
- Ukungcola okushisayo: Ukungcola okushisayo okuhambisana nokungcoliswa komoya komoya yikona okuye kwabonwa kakhulu isintu ngenxa yobukhulu baso, lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile yonke iplanethi ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izinguzunga zeqhwa ezincibilikayo, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, ukungalingani kwemvelo, phakathi kokunye. ezibanga izinhlekelele zemvelo kanye Izinkinga zemvelo.
- Ukungcola okubonakalayo: Amanani eqile ezinto ezingezona ezemvelo, izigxobo zikagesi, amabhodi ezikhangiso, nezinto ezinezibani eziningi nemibala zishintsha ngokubonakalayo abantu nezilwane.
Izimbangela nemiphumela yokuwohloka kwemvelo
Okubangela ukuwohloka kwemvelo kuzochazwa kafushane lapho kukhulunywa ngezimbangela zako, khona-ke imiphumela emibi ehlala njalo ebangelwa ukonakala kwemvelo emhlabeni, abantu nezilwane, kuyoshiwo emiphumeleni.
Izimbangela
Ngokuphathelene Izimbangela zokonakala kwemvelo lezi zihlukahlukene, okokuqala, ukungcoliswa ngokweqile kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ezichazwe ngenhla, wonke umkhiqizo womsebenzi womuntu ongavimbeki wezohwebo nezimboni okhiqiza izinto ezinobuthi, amagesi angcolisayo, imfucumfucu efinyelela olwandle, amachibi nemifula futhi ingcolise ngokuphelele. bona.
Inqubekelaphambili yezimboni kanye nokwakhiwa kwamafekthri amaningi kubeka isithombe esibi uma kukhulunywa ngokuxazululwa kwalezi zinkinga. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimboni kungenye ye cizimbangela zokulimala kwemvelo ezibe nomthelela omkhulu emhlabeni, ngaphezu kwalokho, azithathwa izinyathelo ezigxile ekubekeni imingcele izinkampani ezinkulu ukuze ukungcola ezikukhipha ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo wokuhweba kunciphe.
Ukuchichima kwabantu kuyiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yinhle kakhulu futhi ikwazile ukwehlisa izinga lokufa emhlabeni ngenxa yokuthi izimo zokuphila ziyathuthukiswa (emazweni athile athuthukile), kodwa lokhu kubi uma kunyuswa inani labantu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhulisa ukungcoliswa ukwazi ukuthi umuntu ngamunye. ingcolisa ngezinga elincane noma elikhulu.
Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwabantu kuhambisana nokuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwezinsiza, ngakho lokhu kusho imisebenzi yezimboni nezolimo engcolisa ngazo zonke izindlela ezishiwo ngenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu badla kakhulu, kwakhiwa imikhiqizo eminingi futhi kulahlwa izinto ezingcolisa kakhulu, okungukuthi, kudaleka udoti omningi.
Ingasaphathwa ukuthi ukudala ezinye zalezi zinto ezidliwayo, i-ecosystems iyabhujiswa, isibonelo salokho ukugawulwa kwezihlahla ngobuningi, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, njll.
Imiphumela
Manje i Imiphumela yokonakala kwemvelo Kuningi, kubantu, isibonelo, lokhu kuthinta umnotho, ukwanda kobumpofu bomhlaba, ikakhulukazi emazweni angathuthukisiwe (okungcoliswa komoya, amanzi, ukushisa kanye nomhlabathi). Izinsiza zemvelo neziyisisekelo ezisebenzela ukondla abantu abaningi noma abancane (njengamanzi nezitshalo) nazo ziyancipha kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabona izinguquko zezempilo ezikhiqizwa umoya ongcolile, amanzi anamagciwane nezinto eziyingozi, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Konke lokhu kungabangela izifo zokuphefumula, izifo zesikhumba futhi kuthinte izitho kangangokuthi kungabangela ukufa esimweni esibi kakhulu.
Okude kakhulu nendlela okuthinta ngayo abantu yindlela konke lokhu okunomthelela ngayo ekushabalaleni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, inani lezihlahla lincipha ngendlela eshaqisayo, imifula namachibi amaningi angcolile, ulwandle luya lungcola, ungqimba lwe-ozone lunezimbobo eziningi, umoya uba mncane. futhi awuphefumuli kancane, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Lokhu akuthinti nje kuphela imvelo kanjalo kodwa zonke izilwane ezinokuxhumana okukhulu nokuncika endaweni ezungezile kunabantu.
Imiphumela yokuwohloka kwemvelo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
El ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kuthinta kokubili izilwane kanye neplanethi njengoba kubonwe ngenhla, izibonelo zazo yilezi:
- Izilwane eziningi ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile ngenxa yengcindezi noma ukudideka
- ukufuduka kwezinyoni kusenesikhathi
- Ukufa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, ngaphezu kokushabalala kwezinye eziningi.
- Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke nokuncibilika kweqhwa kuyanda
- Ukwanda kwezinhlekelele zemvelo kanye nezimo zezulu
- Ukungcoliswa kolwandle, umoya kanye nomhlabathi ngenxa yokuphuma kokungcola okungapheli kwe Imfucuza yezimboni
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa kakhulu zokuthi ukuwohloka kwemvelo okubangelwa umsebenzi womuntu kuthinta kanjani izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngendlela eshaqisayo, kunezifundo eziningi ezihlolisisa ngayinye yalezi zinkinga futhi nakuba zinikeza izincomo neziphakamiso zokuxazulula lezi zinkinga, baphetha ngokuthi Inkinga yezemvelo iya iba yimbi kakhulu futhi akukho ngcono okuphawulekayo okubikezelwayo esikhathini esimaphakathi.