Kuyaziwa ukuthi izindlovu ziyizilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo ezikhona emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ubukhosi, ubuhle bayo kanye nesimilo sakho esihle kuye kwabangela ukuthakasela okukhulu kuzo zonke impucuko yabantu. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinhle nezinkulu, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, Zidlani Izindlovu, ungacabangi umzuzu owodwa mayelana nokuhamba ngaphandle kokuqala ukufunda lesi sihloko esihle.
Zidlani izindlovu?
Selokhu zatholakala, izindlovu bezisetshenziswa abantu ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene emlandweni, phakathi kwale misebenzi singagqamisa, kusukela ekulayisheni nasekuthutheni izinto ezahlukene, kuya ekulweni izimpi ezahlukene. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, izindlovu eziningi bezizingelwa ukuze zibukiswe emicimbini ehlukene, njengama-zoo noma amasekisi, kanye nokuhambela izivakashi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zase-Asia, noma nase-Afrika.
Naphezu kwalokhu, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ukuthi izindlovu zinobuhlakani obucishe bufane nobobantu, futhi ngisho nalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinhle nezinkulu zingaba nemizwa ehlukene esijwayele ukuyazi kubantu. Ngeshwa, lokhu akwenzanga ukuzingela okudlangile ngokumelene nalezi zilwane ekugcineni kuyeke, njengoba eminyakeni yamuva lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ziye zasongelwa kakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokuzingela okudlangile ukuze kukhishwe amazinyo endlovu.
Izimpawu Zendlovu
Njengoba sibonisile ekuqaleni, izindlovu, noma ngokwesayensi ezaziwa ngokuthi i-Elephantidae, izilwane ezincelisayo eziyingxenye ye-oda le-Proboscidea. Isici esiyinhloko salezi zindlovu ezinkulu ubukhulu bazo obukhulu, njengoba ziyizilwane zasemhlabeni ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kanye neminyaka yazo yokuphila enkulu, evame ukuba phakathi kweminyaka engama-80 nengama-75.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, esinye sezici zayo ezivelele izindlebe zayo ezinkulu, ezivame ukuzisebenzisa ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho lapho ziwashaya. Naphezu kwenkolelo evamile, izindlovu empeleni azivuli izindlebe zazo, empeleni ziyanyakaza lapho zikhipha ukushisa emizimbeni yazo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singathola futhi isici esingokomzimba esibonakala kakhulu nesidumile sezindlovu, umboko wazo, eziwusebenzisa njengekhala elide neliqinile. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindlovu zinezinzwa zokuhogela ezithuthuke kakhulu ezikhona kuzo zonke izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalomuzwa omkhulu wokuhogela, izindlovu zisebenzisa umboko wazo omkhulu ukukha amanzi futhi zizifuthele kuwo wonke umzimba wazo, futhi ngale ndlela, izindlovu ziyakwazi ukugeza. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi babuye basebenzise njalo ukucosha ukudla kwabo bakuyise ngqo emlonyeni.
Okokugcina, isici esingaziwa kakhulu sezindlovu ukuthi empeleni zinkulu kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nobukhulu bazo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izindlovu ziyizilwane ezinomthamo omkhulu we-cerebral cortex emhlabeni wonke, ingasaphathwa eyesayizi enkulu ye-hippocampus yazo, engenye yezinkulu emhlabeni. Lezi zici zinikeza lezi zilwane ezincelisayo amandla amakhulu okungokomzwelo nawokuqonda; Eqinisweni, ngokososayensi abahlukene, kunenkolelo yokuthi izindlovu zihlakaniphe ngendlela efana ncamashi neyomuntu, kanye nendlela ezihlangana ngayo noma ezibonisa ngayo uzwela.
Indawo yemvelo
Njengoba kwaziwa kahle, indawo engokwemvelo yezindlovu incike ngokuphelele ezinhlotsheni eziyikho, njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukene zezindlovu zithola igama lazo ngokunembile ngenxa yendawo eziphuma kuyo. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezihluke ngokuphelele zomhlaba:
Indlovu yase-African Savannah: Indlovu yase-Afrika yase-savannah, noma ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Loxodonta africanus, ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlala emahlathini amaphakathi naseningizimu ye-Asia. Lezi yizindawo zemvelo ezishintshayo ezinezihlahla ezimbalwa kanye notshani obuningi.
African Jungle Elephant: Indlovu yase-Afrika yasehlathini, noma ngokwesayensi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Loxodonta cyclotis, ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini atholakala enkabeni nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika, izindawo lapho kugcwele khona izilwane nezitshalo.
Indlovu yase-Asia: Indlovu yase-Asia, noma i-Elephas maximus, iyindlovu ngeshwa inani layo labantu liye lehla ngendlela emangalisayo phakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX. Kuze kube namuhla, lezi zindlovu ezinhle zihlala kuphela emahlathini athile aseNingizimu Asia futhi kuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zezilwane okwamanje ezisengozini yokushabalala, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izindlovu zase-Afrika okwamanje zibhekwa njengezisengozini kakhulu.
ukuphakelwa kwezindlovu
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izindlovu zidla ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa umboko wazo omkhulu, omude ukuze zibambe ukudla kwazo, ngokuvamile okutholakala phansi, noma ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi zikulethe emlonyeni wazo ngokuqondile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uma ukudla kwakhe kukuphakeme ngokusesilinganisweni, angakwazi ukukubamba ngokuqondile ngomlomo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umboko wakhe; ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukudla kwabo kugqitshwe emhlabathini, kufanele baqale bakumbe besebenzisa izinyawo zabo noma amazinyo abo, okubasiza nokuba bathole amanzi.
Ngokuyinhloko, ukudla kwalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinhle kusekelwe emaqabunga, utshani, amagxolo kanye nezimpande zezihlahla ezihlukahlukene endaweni yazo kanye nasemahlathini. Uma sicabangela lokhu, singasho ukuthi izindlovu ziyizilwane ezidla uhlaza. Ukuze zihlale zinempilo enhle futhi zilondoloze ubukhulu bomzimba wazo omkhulu, izindlovu kufanele zichithe okungenani amahora angu-15 ngosuku zidla, futhi zingadla ngisho namakhilogremu angu-150 ezitshalo nsuku zonke. Ukudla kwayo okukhethekile kuncike ngokuphelele ohlotsheni lwendlovu, kanye nendawo ehlala kuyo ngokuyinhloko.
Endabeni yezindlovu zasehlathini zase-Afrika kanye nezindlovu zase-Asia, ikakhulukazi zidla amagxolo namaqabunga ezihlahla endaweni yazo; Ayisaphathwa-ke eyokuthi lezi zilwane zivame ukudla isithelo esiningi ngosuku. Lokhu mhlawumbe omunye umehluko ocace kakhulu abanawo nezindlovu ze-savannah, ngoba kulokhu, izithelo ziwukudla okuyivelakancane kulesi simiso sezinto eziphilayo. Endabeni yezindlovu ze-savannah, ukudla kwazo kunqunywa ngokuphelele inkathi yonyaka, ngoba, ngezikhathi zesomiso, amakhambi ayivelakancane, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu zidla ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni zomtholo.
Izithakazelo Zendlovu
Manje, kucatshangelwa konke okushiwo kulesi sihloko, futhi ukwazi kahle ukuthi izindlovu zidlani, kusekhona izici ezihlukile nokungabaza mayelana nalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinhle nezinkulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngezansi ungabona uhlu oluningiliziwe lwezici ezihlukahlukene zalezi zilwane.
Zinesisindo esingakanani?
Uma zisanda kuzalwa, izindlovu zivame ukuba nesisindo esiphakathi kwama-80 nama-90 kilogram. Nokho, njengoba ukukhula kwazo kuqhubeka, izindlovu zingafinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu, ezinesisindo esiphakathi kwamakhilogremu angu-5.00 6.000 no-XNUMX XNUMX. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izindlovu ezinkulu ezikhona yizindlovu zase-Afrika, ezivame ukuphakama cishe ngamamitha amane.
Zihamba kanjani izindlovu?
Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obukhulu, iqiniso liwukuthi izindlovu ziyizilwane ezisheshayo, zingafinyelela ngisho nesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-25 ngehora. Nokho, lokhu akubangelwa ukuthi bangabagijimi abamangalisayo, kodwa ngenxa yobukhulu babo obukhulu. Eqinisweni, kukhulu kangangokuthi izindlovu empeleni zintweza ngemilenze yazo yangaphambili, futhi zilokhu zihamba ngemilenze yazo yangemuva, ezivumela ukuba zilawule wonke amandla azo ngendlela ephumelelayo kakhulu.
Ziphila kanjani izindlovu?
Izindlovu ngokuvamile zakha imihlambi eyakhiwe amalungu aphakathi kuka-15 no-20, ngaphandle kwezindlovu zasehlathini zase-Afrika, ezivame ukuba nemihlambi emincane kakhulu. Imihlambi yezindlovu i-matriarchies elawulwa ngokuphelele yizinsikazi ezindala kunazo zonke ezitholakala emhlambini; Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi phakathi kwalemihlambi kukhona abesilisa abambalwa kakhulu.
Eqinisweni, amaduna akha lemihlambi angaphakathi kwawo kuphela aze afinyelele ekuvuthweni ngokobulili, lapho nje lo mzuzu ufika, ahlukana ngokuphelele nomhlambi wawo futhi ahlale wodwa, nakuba eziningi zalezi zindlovu kamuva zingakha amaqembu ahlukene namanye abesilisa.
Njengabantu, izindlovu ziyizilwane ezithanda ukuhlangana, okungukuthi, ziyizilwane ezidinga ukuhlangana ukuze ziphile kahle, futhi zivame ukwakha ubuhlobo obuqinile namalungu omndeni wazo, noma kulokhu, umhlambi. Eqinisweni, imizwa noma ukuziphatha kuye kwabhalwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ezindlovuni, njengosizi ngemva kokushonelwa othandekayo nokutholwa kwezintandane ezihlukahlukene. Futhi, enye yezindlela zabo zokuziphatha ezivame kakhulu ukuthi bahlangana nephakethe labo ukuze bahlanganyele ngesikhathi sokugeza.
Bazalwa kanjani?
Yonke inqubo yokukhulelwa kwezindlovu ihlala cishe izinyanga ezingu-22, okungukuthi, cishe iminyaka emibili; nokho, lezi zilwane zithatha isikhathi esincane kakhulu ukuzala. Kulokhu kuzalwa, ithole elilodwa kuphela elizalwayo, elivame ukuba yimitha ubude. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziba ingxenye yomhlambi, lapho wonke amanye amalungu ezobe ephethe ukuzivikela kuzo zonke izilwane ezidla ezinye ezingase zibe khona.
Phakathi nonyaka wayo wokuqala, le ndlovu encane iyohlale ifihlwe phakathi kwemilenze emide kanina lapho incela. Ngemva kwesikhashana, baqala ukwengeza ukudla kwabo konke ngezingxenye ezithambile kakhulu abazithola phansi namaqabunga ahlukene. Kodwa-ke, yilapho kuphela lapho beba neminyaka emine ubudala lapho beyeka ngokuphelele ukudla ubisi lwebele futhi baqale ukuzimela kakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngazo zonke izilwane emhlabeni wonke, ungangabazi nomzuzu owodwa ukuhamba ungakaqali ukufunda esinye salezi zihloko ezintathu ezinhle: