El Ingwe yaseBengal, ziyizilwane eziqashelwa emazweni aseNdiya, eNepal naseBangladesh nakuyo yonke i-Asia njengophawu lwamandla namandla. Yisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esinamandla kunazo zonke, ziyizilwane ezinolaka kakhulu ngenxa yemvelo yazo yokuphila.
Izici ze-Bengal Tiger
I-Panthera tigris tigris Igama lesayensi lama-Bengal Tigers noma futhi eziningi zezinhlobo zayo ezincane, zibonakala ngokuba nomzimba ombozwe imithende, esukela kunsundu ngokukhanyayo ukuya kokumnyama. Inombolo yemigqa iphakathi kwekhulu (100) kanye nekhulu namashumi amahlanu (150), ububanzi kanye nebanga phakathi kwayo kuyahlukahluka ngokwezinhlobo zezilwane, isibonelo. El Tigre evela eSumatra iyona enemithende eminingi, kuyilapho eyaseSiberia inemincane kakhulu.
Imithende inomsebenzi wokuzifihla futhi ngaleyo ndlela ihlangane nezimila, imithende ifana nezigxivizo zeminwe, okungukuthi, awekho amahlosi amabili anazo ngokufanayo.
Uboya bengwe yaseBengal
Umbala wezinwele ubonakala kakhulu, usuka ophuzi okhanyayo uye kuwolintshi okhanyayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amahlosi amhlophe awawona ama-albino, angama-bengali amahlosi lapho umbala ophuzi ushintshiwe ngomhlophe. Abanye, ngendlela efanayo. , zaziwa ngokuthi ama-golden tiger, umkhiqizo wolunye uguquko, kodwa lezi zibonakala kuphela ekuthunjweni. izithombe ze-bengali tiger
Usayizi we-Bengal Tiger
Njengamanje kukhonjiswa ukuthi iwuhlobo lwezinsikazi olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, lapho eyeduna inobude obungamamitha angu-2,70 kuya ku-3,10 wamamitha kanye nezinsikazi ezinobukhulu obuncane obungamamitha angu-2,40 kuya ku-2,65 wamamitha. lobu bukhulu buwubude bomzimba wayo ongenamsila, ongakala phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-85 nobude obuyimitha elingu-1. Ngokuqondene nobude obusuka emahlombe kuya phansi, bungamasentimitha angu-90 namamitha angu-1,10.
Umsila wengwe usetshenziswa njengephini lokuqondisa lapho egxuma. Iphinde ibasize ukuthi ibhalansise ngokujika uma igijima ngesivinini esiphezulu.
Isisindo, Ubuhle namandla
Isisindo samanye amahlosi singaphansi kwekhulu (100) kg kanti amanye afinyelela emakhulwini amabili namashumi amathathu (230) kg endabeni yabesilisa futhi kuya ngendawo ahlala kuyo. Izinsikazi zalolu hlobo zingaba nesisindo esingafika ekhulwini namashumi amathathu nanye (131) kg. Owesilisa omkhulu wase-Ranthambore National Park wayaziwa, owabulala abantu abane phakathi kuka-2010 no-2015, abafinyelela kumakhulu amabili namashumi amahlanu (250) kg ngesisindo.
Amahlosi anamandla kakhulu futhi ayashesha. Futhi banomzimba oguquguqukayo kakhulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu sokusebenza kwengqondo. Yingakho bengabazingeli abesatshwa kangaka. Amehlo abukhali kakhulu, amehlo akhe amnyama. Ebusuku ingwe ibona kangcono ngokuphindwe kahlanu kunomuntu.
Ingwe yaseBengal ayivamisile ukugijima amabanga amade. Eyabo imijaho emifushane nesheshayo, lapho ifinyelela ku-55 km/h.
Buyekeza
Ngokusho kweGuinness World Records, ingwe yaseBengal enkulu kunazo zonke eyaziwa kwakuyiduna elalizingelwa ngo-1967; eyalinganisa amakhulu amathathu namashumi amabili nambili (322) cm kanye nesisindo esingamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalombili (388) kg. Kodwa ngokwesayensi isisindo asibonakali silungile kubo njengoba izilinganiso zalo azihambisani nesisindo salo futhi ebufakazini bezithombe ingwe ayizange ibonakale inkulu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi isisindo sayo sangempela siphansi kakhulu, isampula yayizingelwa eNyakatho. I-India nguDavid Hasinger we-Philadelphia Industry.
Njengamanje, lesi sifanekiso siyahlukaniswa futhi siboniswe eSmithsonian Institution, eHholo Lezilwane Ezincelisayo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-360 kwakukhona ubufakazi lapho izibonelo zesilisa zifinyelela amasentimitha angamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisithupha (XNUMX) ubude; nokho-ke, abukho ubufakazi besayensi bobukhulu obunjalo futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi balinganiswa kumajika angemuva.
I-Great Hunter Diet
La ukuphakela ingwe Sparkler wakhe ezidla inyama futhi zizingela zonke izinhlobo Izilwane zasendle , njengenyathi yase-Asia, izinyamazane, izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle ngokuvamile, izilwane ezinkulu ezidla uhlaza ziyizilwane ezizithandayo zamahlosi. Ziphinde zidle izilwane ezincane njengezinyoni nezinkawu. Ngemva kokudla, ingwe izinikela ekuzihlanzeni ngosizo lolimi lwalo.
Nakuba kuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi zikhona izimo ngaphezulu amacala lapho izingwe ziye zahlasela amathole obhejane futhi indlovu, futhi incluso labantu abakwaziyo dubula phansi y ukuluma kwezinye izilwane ezinkulu ezidla inyama njengezingwe, izingwe zamaduna ezifinyelela ku-1000 kg i-peso ngisho namabhere.
Lezi zilwane azivamile ukuhlasela abantu, kodwa esikhathini sonyaka emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka adlule zenzeka kaningi, kodwa lokhu kuhlasela kwakwenziwa izilwane ezindala kanye/noma ezigulayo ezazingenamathuba amancane okuzingela ezinye izilwane.
Cishe ukuhlaselwa kwe-100 ngonyaka kurekhodiwe endaweni yaseBangladesh.
Kwezinye izindawo ingwe ibheka ukuthi izingwenya aziyihlaseli ngenkathi iphuza amanzi, lapho indlala igadla ingwe ayinyanyi lutho futhi ingadla izibankwa, amaxoxo, izinambuzane ngisho nezilwane ezifile. Ingwe ingadla inyama efinyelela kwamashumi amane (40) Kg ngosuku olulodwa.
I-Lethal Technique
Nakuba ebonakala enobudlova kakhulu, ukulwa phakathi kwamahlosi ngokuvamile akupheli ngokufa kwanoma yiliphi kuwo. Izingwe zizingela zodwa, njengoba ezindaweni ezinohlaza oluningi kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhlasela ngamaqembu, naphezu kokuba abazingeli abahle kangaka, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ekuzingeleni ngakunye okuphumelelayo bahluleka izikhathi eziyishumi (10) kuya kwezingamashumi amabili (20).
Amahlosi asondela ezilwaneni zawo ngaphandle kokubanga umsindo omncane, alinda eqoshame. Uma seziseduze, zigijima ngesivinini esikhulu zize zifike kuzo ngokugxuma okunamandla. Amazinyo abukhali nezinzipho zenza okunye. Ngokuvamile zizingela ebusuku ukuze zisebenzise ubumnyama futhi inyamazane yazo nayo ayisebenzi kangako.
Bahlalaphi?
Amahlosi ahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu: emahlathini, emahlathini, emathafeni anotshani, ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi. Okuwukuphela kwento abayidingayo amanzi, inyamazane eyanele kanye nezimila zokukhosela. Amahlosi ayawathanda amanzi. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ngokuvamile zigeza ngokuqhubekayo ukuze ziphole.Ingwe yaseBengal ingumbhukudi onekhono kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukuwela imifula namachibi amakhilomitha angaphezu kwayisithupha (6), yinto efana nokuthi uzobhukuda amachibi angu-140.
AmaNgwe abalekela emathafeni avulekile. Zithanda amahlathi nezindawo ezinotshani obude, njengoba kulula kuzo ukuzingela.
Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi inani elikhulu labantu baseBengal Tiger, elimele ingxenye yesithathu yalolu hlobo emhlabeni wonke, lihlala eziqiwini zezwe laseNdiya naseBangladesh. Kukhona futhi inani elikhulu labantu eNepal, eRoyal Chitwan National Park.
Ngokuvamile, i-Bengal Tiger ingahlala ezindaweni ezibandayo nasezifundeni ezishisa kakhulu. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezitholakala ezintabeni eziphakeme.
Izilwane Zendawo
Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni zezilwane, njengamabhubesi, ama-Bengal tigers kanye nezinhlobo zazo, awawakhi amaqembu omphakathi, ayizilwane ezihlala zodwa.Izikhathi ezihlangana ngazo kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.Izinsikazi zona zihamba namaphuphu azo. ngamaqembu amathathu noma amane.
Amaduna agada indawo lapho kuhlala khona abesifazane abambalwa abashade nabo. Baklwebha izihlahla ukuze bawuphawule futhi ukuphakama kophawu kubonisa ukuthi ingwe inkulu kangakanani. Kwesinye isikhathi kuye kwabikwa amacala okuthi abesilisa bancelisa amaphuphu abo lapho umama eshona.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Bengal Tiger
Ezweni lamahlosi, iduna nensikazi zichitha cishe izinsuku ezingu-6 noma ezingu-7 ndawonye ukuze ziqedele ukukhwelana.
Ukushisa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo, imvelo kanye/noma isimo sezulu amahlosi ahlala kuso.
Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuhlukaniswa njenge-viviparous futhi isikhathi sokukhulelwa yizinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine. Ingwe isuke ivuthiwe ngokobulili lapho ineminyaka emine noma emihlanu ubudala.
Ingwe ibheka indawo evikelekile lapho izozalela khona, amawundlu azalwa eyimpumputhe anesisindo esingu-1 kg kuphela, kodwa lawa mawundlu amancane anesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-90 ngemva konyaka, ngokuvamile kuba udoti wamawundlu amabili noma amathathu. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zidla ubisi lukamama kuphela zize zibe nezinyanga ezimbili ubudala, zihlala nemidlwane yazo cishe iminyaka emibili.
Kusukela enezinyanga ezimbili ubudala, amahlosi amancane ayakwazi ukulandela unina ohambweni lwawo, ehambisa izingane zawo ngokucophelela ukuze azivikele ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezinhlanu baqala ukubamba iqhaza ekuzingeleni futhi i-tigress ibafundisa zonke izimfihlo zokuhlala beqaphile futhi bafunde ukuzingela. Izimpi phakathi kwabazalwane zibasiza ukuba baqine futhi basheshe, okubenza bafunde ukuze baphile.
Kusukela eneminyaka emibili, amahlosi angakwazi ukubamba inyamazane ngokwawo. Yilapho behlukana nonina bayohlala bodwa.
Izinhlobo ezincane ezisindile
Phakathi nalo lonke ikhulu lama-XNUMX, kwashabalala izigaba ezintathu zamahlosi, okuhlanganisa ama-Bengal, ama-Siberia, ama-Indochinese, ama-Indochinese aseNingizimu, ama-Malaysian tiger, kanye namahlosi aseCaspian angasekho nama-Sunda tigers (I-Panthera tigris sondaica) ehlanganisa ingwe yaseSumatran kanye namahlosi aseJavan naseBali angasekho.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamahlosi. Nakuba zifana kakhulu, zikhombisa umehluko omncane phakathi kwazo, kuye ngesimo sezulu kanye nohlaza lwendawo ezihlala kuyo. Iningi lamaTigers lidabuka eBengal, okuyilawo ahlala eNdiya.
Okulandelayo sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezine zamahlosi ezikhona:
ingwe yase-indochinese
Icishe ifane ne-Bengal, kodwa incane kancane futhi inombala wejazi elimnyama.
Ingwe yaseSumatra
Zincane kunawo wonke, njengoba lena ingamamitha angu-2,30 ubude nesisindo esingu-120 Kg futhi umbala wezinwele zazo unombala osawolintshi kakhulu.
Ingwe yaseSiberia
Iyona enkulu efinyelela amakhulu amabili nanhlanu (205) Kg, ubude bayo bungamamitha angu-1,95 futhi ijazi lishubile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ihlala endaweni enkulu, ebandayo enyakatho ye-Asia.
South China Tiger
Kukholakala ukuthi kusele ama-specimens angamashumi amabili (20) kuphela endle, ubukhulu bawo bungamamitha angu-2,60 kanti isisindo sawo singaba yikhulu neshumi (110) Kg. izibonelo zamahlosi. , nginikeza ijazi lakhe ukubukeka okumangalisayo nokuhlaba umxhwele.
I-Bengal Tiger Conservation
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-100.000 kwakunamahlosi ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu (5.000) endle, namuhla kunenkolelo yokuthi sekusele amasampula aphakathi kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu (7.000) nezinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa (XNUMX).
Amahlosi asengozini enkulu yokunyamalala, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani labantu emhlabeni futhi ngenxa yalokho, zimbalwa izindawo zemvelo ezingahlala kuzo. Njengoba eyancipha futhi ehlukene kakhulu, amahlosi akuthola kunzima ukuthola umngane womshado ukuze azale.
Ngaphandle kokuzingela ngokungemthetho, nakuba kungekho emthethweni, amahlosi asabulawa ngenxa yoboya bawo obuhle. Amahlosi amaningi azingelwa imithi yendabuko yamaShayina, lapho kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zengwe ekwelapheni kwawo, njenge: amadevu, izinzipho, okuthiwa zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene.
Iningi lamahlosi aseBengal lihlala eziqiwini nasemapaki. Iziqiwi ziphinde zibe nomsebenzi wokuvikela lezi zilwane ngokubambisana nezinhlangano zomhlaba ezifana neWorld Wildlife Fund umsebenzi wayo uwukumisa ukuzingela ngokungemthetho kanye nokunciphisa izingozi ezihlala zitholakala kuzo. Kusukela ngo-2014 inani lamahlosi aseBengal eNdiya lalilinganiselwa ku-2.226.