Ukuze kugcinwe ingadi enemibalabala, kungatshalwa izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amade ezinsomi, okuthi kwezinye izimo zidleke, zibe zokwelapha noma zokuhlobisa nje. Zinikeza ukubukisa okuhle lapho zikhula ezindaweni ezinelanga kanye nalapho zisezindaweni ezinomthunzi omncane zithola ukunakekelwa okudingekayo. Sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda lesi sihloko ukuze wazi izinhlobonhlobo zezimila ezinala mahlamvu aluhlaza.
Izitshalo Ezinamaqabunga Amade Aphephuli
Amahlamvu abubende ezitshalo abangelwa ukugcwala okuphezulu kwento enemibala ekhona kuma-vacuoles amangqamuzana ezitshalo aziwa ngokuthi i-anthocyanin, ebusa ngaphezu kombala oluhlaza okotshani, okuthi ngenqubo kubhidlizwe ukuze kwembule imithunzi eyengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuvele izithunzi ezinhle zezimbali. uhlaza olukhona, okuhlanganisa nokunsomi, okuthi uma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izigaba zezitshalo kukhiqize umehluko omkhulu okwenza izingadi noma iyiphi indawo ehlanganiswa kuyo njengezinto zemvelo zokuhlobisa zikhanye.
Amathiphu Ajwayelekile Ngezitshalo Zamaqabunga Amade Ansomi
Ukuze kugcinwe kahle izitshalo ezinamahlamvu ale toni, kungakuhle ukuthi unake isici esikhanyayo, ngoba izitshalo eziningi ezinamahlamvu ansomi zizodinga ukukhanya ukuze zilondoloze umbala wazo kanye nokuma okuhlangene. Uma bengaphandle kufanele babekwe lapho ukukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile kufinyelela kubo, futhi uma bengaphakathi, badinga ukuba eduze kwefasitela ukuze bathole ukukhanya okukhanyayo, noma yikuphi uma kuyindawo evaliwe kancane ungasebenzisa i-grow light futhi. isethe kusibali sikhathi.
Ngokuphathelene nokunisela, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuchelela okulinganiselwe, okungukuthi, angeke kudlulele noma kunganele ukuze zingasuthisi noma zomiswe, okungasetshenziswa imitha yamanzi ezitshalweni, ikakhulukazi uma zisendlini futhi kungabuye kuqinisekiswe okwengeziwe. umswakama ngokubeka umswakamisi eduze kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esinye isimo ukuthi zidinga inhlabathi okufanele iphathwe ngomanyolo wamaminerali ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nezinyanga zasehlobo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezinama-hue
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezihlukaniswa ngokuba namahlamvu azo afakwe umbala ngethoni ensomi, edinga izimo ezifanele ngokwamanzi, ukukhanya, umswakama, phakathi kokunye, ukuze zikhule zinempilo futhi zilondoloze umbala wazo ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuzimela. .yendawo okulinywa kuyo, yingakho sinentshisekelo yokuchaza ngezansi isampula lezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezinamaqabunga amade ansomi imvelo ewahlinzeka ngobukhazikhazi bawo obukhulu.
Isihlangu sasePheresiya (Strobilanthes dyeranus)
Ziyizitshalo ezinhle ezinamahlamvu amade ansomi, ezinezimbali ezihlanganisa onsomi nesiliva, zigqama kunoma yisiphi isiqukathi ngokufinyelela cishe kumitha ubude. Futhi ebizwa ngokuthi i-royal purple, uma ikhule emthunzini oyingxenye izoqoqa ukukhanya futhi ikuveze emaqabunga awo, kodwa uma igcinwe endlini izodinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo ukuze igcine umbala wayo o-violet. Ikhula kahle enhlabathini engathathi hlangothi ye-pH futhi ingakwazi ukubekezelela inhlabathi ene-acidic kancane. Uma ithola amanzi amancane, izodinga umthunzi omningi.
Idinga izinga lokushisa elifudumele elingaphezu kuka-15 degrees Celsius kanye nomoya omanzi, ngokuvamile itshalwa kaningi endlini noma njengonyaka wasehlobo ezindaweni ezipholile. Uma itshalwe emhlabathini ocebile onomswakama ophezulu, i-Persian Shield izodinga kuphela ukuphakelwa okuncane ekuqaleni kwesizini futhi futhi maphakathi nehlobo. Ngaphakathi esitsheni, gcina isitshalo sikusayizi olawulekayo kunokuba usivumele sikhule size sigcwale. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ukubuyisela izitshalo ezincane kunazo zonke ngonyaka kuze kube yilapho zifinyelela usayizi ogcwele, bese uzibuyisela njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Uma ufuna izitshalo eziningi ezinamahlamvu ansomi athandekayo, ungakwenza lokhu ngembewu noma ukusikwa, kodwa khumbula ukuthi imbewu idinga izimo ezifudumele eziphakathi kuka-12 no-18 degrees ukuze zihlume, kuyilapho izinqamuzo zizodinga ukuvela ku-softwood futhi zifake ukushisa okuncane. phansi ukuze zingaboli ngaphambi kokuba zibe nezimpande. Izinkathi ezingcono kakhulu zokukhiqiza izitshalo kusentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Njengoba i-Persian Shield ikhule ngenxa yamahlamvu ayo futhi izimbali azibonakali ikakhulukazi, abalimi abaningi bathanda ukususa amaqabunga njalo ukuze benze isitshalo se-bushier ukulawula ukukhula kwaso. Mayelana nalokhu, kuhle ukuthi ungawasusi amaqabunga abunile akhula ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhakaza futhi nakuba ebonakala edabukile, lokho abakubonisayo yisimo sabo sokungasebenzi ebusika futhi bahamba ngokukhathala kwemvelo kuze kube yilapho evuselela futhi ekhula futhi entwasahlobo.
Wandering Jewish (Tradescantia Zebrina)
Ziyizitshalo ezihlala isikhathi eside ezishisayo ezitshalwe emhlabathini wengadi noma ezitsheni ezilengayo ukuze zikhule ngendlela yomvini, zingatholakala eduze kwamafasitela anelanga. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi azikwazi ukubekezelela amakhaza futhi zizofa ngesithwathwa sokuqala esiqinile uma zishiywe ngaphandle, noma kunjalo, zingathuthelwa endlini ukuze zibanakekele ebusika. Kuyinhlobonhlobo enamaqabunga anezimpawu zethoni yomnqumo neyesiliva engxenyeni engenhla kanye nombala we-violet ojulile engxenyeni engezansi, kodwa kukhona okunye okuhlukile okunombala onsomi kuzo zombili izindawo zamaqabunga.
I-Tradescantia ichuma kahle enhlabathini ekhanyayo emaphakathi kuya kokugqamile. Kuyisitshalo esikhula kalula kusuka eziqwini ezisikiwe ezicwiliswe emanzini noma ezibhajwe emhlabathini omanzi. Kutuswa ukuthi basizwe ukukhuphuka ngokubeka izisekelo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwabo kanye nokuvumela inhlabathi ukuba yome phakathi nezikhathi zokunisela, igcine imanzi ngokulinganayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, okungaqinisekiswa kusetshenziswa inzwa yomswakama yangaphakathi/yangaphandle kanye nemitha. Uma umswakama uphansi kakhulu, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka ansundu futhi afe.
Uma zingakutholi ukukhanya okwanele, umbala wamahlamvu wazo uyafiphala. Uma ukhetha ukuyihambisa ngaphandle ehlobo, qiniseka ukuthi uyigcina emthunzini oyingxenye lapho ivikelekile elangeni eliqondile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlobo lwesitshalo ludinga kuphela ukuvundiswa kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ehlobo futhi kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izinambuzane ngokuvamile aziyona inkinga lapho zikhula ubhontshisi ojikelezayo ngaphandle. Kodwa izimbuzane, ama-aphid kanye nomiyane besikhunta bangazilimaza ezindaweni ezifuywayo futhi ukuze ubuyisele amaqabunga ansomi anegciwane kufanele usebenzise isibulala-zinambuzane semvelo.
I-Cercis Canadensis
Kubhekwa njengesihlahla esincane esineziqu eziningi, esibekwe ngemuva komngcele noma endaweni evelele engadini. Entwasahlobo, amagatsha awo akhiqiza amaqoqo ezimbali ezibomvana ngokugqamile, kuyilapho amaqabunga awo ephuma anombala obomvu-nsomi ogqamile. Ehlobo, lawa mahlamvu aba mnyama abe burgundy umbala omuhle, ngaphambi kokuphenduka ekwindla abe yingxube emangalisayo yegolide, owolintshi kanye nokubomvu okwegazi. Ikhula elangeni noma emthunzini oyingxenye kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi ekhanyiswe kahle, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-8 ubude phakathi neminyaka engama-20.
Amaqabunga alesi sihlahla ayashintshana futhi alula, anamacele wonke angaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-12 ubude, futhi abanzi, mancane, futhi angase abe noboya obuncane obungaphansi. Okuluhlaza okumnyama phezulu, ngesikhathi sekwindla baphenduka umbala ophuzi okhanyayo, okhanyayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inephethini elihle legatsha elingavamile, njengoba isiqu sayo esifushane sivame ukuhlukana eduze nomhlabathi. Amagatsha azacile aphumela ngaphandle, okwenza isihlahla sibe nokwakheka okuyindilinga. Amagxolo amnyama, ngokubomvu-nsundu, abushelelezi, kamuva ayaxega futhi agqamile, ngezinye izikhathi abe namabala ansundu.
Izithelo ziyisicaba, zomile, zinsundu futhi zilinganisa cishe amasentimitha ayi-10, ngaphakathi lapho zigcina imbewu eyisicaba, eyi-elliptical engamamilimitha angama-5 noma ayi-6, evuthwa kusukela phakathi nehlobo kuya phakathi nekwindla. Izibonelo zalezi zitshalo ezinde, ezinamaqabunga ansomi kulula ukukhula futhi zibekezelela ukubanda kunezinhlobo ezifanayo. Ngokuvamile isakazwa imbewu ehlwanyelwe uhhafu wesentimitha ukushona noma ngokusikwa okunezimpande.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe enhlabathini ejulile ukuze ikwazi ukumila izimpande ezinde phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokuzala ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokukhula. Nakuba ibekezelela izikhathi zesomiso, iCercis canadensis yenza kahle kakhulu uma iniselwa njalo ngesikhathi esomile sasehlobo. Ukuthena kunconywa ukuyisiza ukuba ithuthukise isakhiwo esiqinile, esingenziwa ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngokususa amagatsha ahlanganayo.
i-sand cherry
Ibhekwa njengesihlahlana esiphakathi nendawo, inamaqabunga ansomi ahlabayo, ikakhulukazi ukuhlobisa izingadi kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, idabuka eNyakatho Melika, ibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo okuhluka kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-3 wamamitha ukuphakama. Angatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kulula ukukhula, avumelane kahle nezimo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi kanye nelanga. Uma lesi sitshalo sisesincane, simise okweqanda futhi sizoma futhi sivuleke kakhulu phakathi nendawo lapho sifinyelela ekuvuthweni.
Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinde ezinamahlamvu ansomi eziqhakaza njalo entwasahlobo ngemva kokuvela kwamahlamvu. Izimbali ezipinki ezikhanyayo nezimhlophe ngokushesha zithathelwa indawo isithelo esimnyama noma esinsomi maphakathi nehlobo. Izithelo ziwumthombo wokudla obalulekile wezinyoni eziningi, kuhlanganise nama-robin kanye namakhadinali. Nakuba iziqu zetsheri zesihlabathi samaqabunga ansomi zizoba nsundu ngokubomvu ukuya kompunga ngombala futhi zivame ukuphuma ubisi, isici esiphawuleka kakhulu uma isitshalo siqala ukuqhekeka.
Ukugeleza komhlabathi kubalulekile ngoba izimpande zazo zihlala eduze nendawo futhi zisengozini yokubola. Futhi, idinga ukuphuziswa njalo ngoba ayikwazi ukumelana nesomiso. Ukunisela okukodwa ngesonto kuvamise ukwanele, kodwa ungase udinge okwengeziwe uma usanda kufakelwa kabusha kabusha, ubhekene nesikhathi esishisayo, esomile, noma usenkathini yokuqala yokukhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungathiwa ikwazi ukumelana nesimo sezulu sonke, ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene ehlobo nasebusika, nakuba izitshalo ezitshalwa ezindaweni ezipholile zingase zibe zincane futhi zikhiqize izimbali ezimbalwa.
Entwasahlobo imisoco eyengeziwe ingahlinzekwa ngokuvundisa. Ngokuqondene nokuthena, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela edingekayo ngemva kokufika kwezimbali entwasahlobo ukuze kugcinwe ukuma okusaqanda okuqinile, okufanele kuqale ngokunquma iziqu ezindala kuqala, kukhishwe cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokukhula okukhona futhi kushiye amasentimitha ambalwa esiqu. kuvezwe phansi. Njalo susa amagatsha awonakele. Uma ufisa, ungenza izihlahla eziqinile ukuze uklame uthango lokuhlobisa.
Lesi sitshalo singenwa izinambuzane ezifana nezibungu zaseJapane, izibungu eziwa, ama-aphid, ama-mealybugs, nezibungu, ezingabangela umonakalo omkhulu emahlamvu aso, njengezimbobo kanye nokubansundu kweqabunga elinsomi noma ukubuna. Bangathola nezifo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa i-honey fungus, i-verticillium wilt, i-black knot, i-cankers, i-powdery mildew, indawo yeqabunga, kanye ne-bacterial leaf scorch. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagatsha awo athambekele ekubeni nesithwathwa. Kokubili izinkinga zezinambuzane nezifo zinganciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze ulwe nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka.
U-Carolina Creeper omnandi
Ubizwa nangokuthi umvini we-sweet potato, ukhula kahle kakhulu ngaphandle noma endlini, ufunwa kakhulu njengoba ulungele izingadi zamasitsha, imingcele, imibhede yezimbali kanye nezindawo. Lesi sitshalo saziswa kakhulu ngamahlamvu acwebezelayo atholakala ngemibala ehlukene okuhlanganisa nonsomi. Kuyisitshalo esingaqhakazi, kodwa ngamahlamvu aso angavamile kuphela esingajatshulelwa unyaka wonke ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi izimbali zivele. Umvini wamazambane wenza kahle kakhulu enhlabathini emanzi, ekhishwe kahle, futhi lena izinhlobonhlobo eziguquguqukayo ngokuphathelene nezidingo zokukhanya.
Lolu hlobo lwezitshalo zokuhlobisa ngokuvamile lukhula elangeni noma emthunzini oyingxenye, noma kunjalo, lapho ilanga lishisa khona, umbala wamaqabunga awo ungcono. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso, nakuba zizokhula ngamandla ngokunisela njalo, qiniseka ukuthi ugcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo, kodwa ingabi manzi kakhulu njengoba amaqabunga engase abune. Ukuvundisa izivini zikabhatata ngokuvamile kuwukuzikhethela futhi kuzoncika ekutheni ufuna zikhule kangakanani, nokho ukudla kwamasonto onke ngesikhathi sokukhula kuzokwanela, kodwa uma ubheka ukuqina kwazo ngokwemvelo kungenzeka ukuthi ukwandiswa kwezakhi zomsoco kuzokwanda. isidingo sokuzisika.
Lezi zitshalo ezinde ezinamaqabunga ansomi kulula ukukhula ezitshalweni ezikhona. Mane uhlukanise igatsha elinamaqabunga amaningana bese uwasusa phansi ngamasentimitha ambalwa bese ucwilisa isiqu emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa kuze kuphume izimpande. Lena indlela enhle yokutshala ama-sweet potato obusika ngenxa yokuthi azohlala ubusika bonke emanzini futhi alungele ukutshala entwasahlobo. Enye indlela yokusabalalisa ukusebenzisa izilimo eziyizigaxa ngemva kokuzimba ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala, ziyeke zome futhi zigcinwe ebusika endaweni epholile, eyomile njenge-cellar.
Izinambuzane ezidla lezi zitshalo ezinde ezinamaqabunga ansomi zihlanganisa ibhungane lofudu olusagolide olubhoboza amaqabunga, zingase futhi zihlaselwe izibungu ezidla amaqabunga kanye nempukane emhlophe engakwazi ukukhipha umsoco esitshalweni futhi ibambezele ukukhula kwayo. Le mivini ijwayele ukuba nesikhunta se-foliar, ikakhulukazi uma itshalwe endaweni eyodwa izinkathi ezithile zonyaka, ngakho-ke kuhle ukugwema le nkinga ngokushintsha indawo yokutshala phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka bese ufaka izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo ngokushesha nje lapho ubona umonakalo.
I-barberry yaseJapane (i-Berberis thunbergii)
Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zinameva futhi ziyabekezelela futhi ziqinile ngokwemvelo. Amaqabunga awo anombala obomvu-nsomi afaneleka njengokuwohloka, ngokuhlukahluka okuthile ngesikhathi sokukhula, ngakho-ke amaqabunga asemagqabeni amancane anombala obomvana, okunikeza umphumela omuhle lapho izihlahla zimbozwe ukukhula okusha okufiphele. Ziphinde zibe nezimbali eziphuzi ngokugqamile ehlobo kanye namajikijolo abomvu ngokugqamile ekwindla. Ikhula kahle kuyo yonke inhlabathi futhi umbala wayo ugqama kahle elangeni eligcwele. Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukusika ubujamo be-topiary emiklamo ekhethekile yokwakheka kwezwe.
Lezi zihlahla zinomkhuba oyindilinga, zifinyelela ubude obuyimitha nesigamu kanye nezimbali eziphuzi eziphaphathekile eziqhakaza maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Futhi banama-spines abukhali kanye namajikijolo abomvu amade ahlala kahle phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo ngakho-ke aziswa ngentshisekelo yasebusika ayinikezayo. Lesi sihlahlana sikhula kalula emhlabathini ophakathi nendawo. Ingakwazi ukubekezelela izimo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi, inqobo nje uma kukhona ukugeleza okuhle. Umhlabathi omanzi ungaholela ekuboleni kwezimpande.
Ngokuvamile, akudingekile ukuvundisa ama-barberries aseJapane ngaphandle uma unomhlabathi ompofu kakhulu. Ukuze uthuthukise impilo yezitshalo namandla, ungavundisa ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngomanyolo okhishwa kancane we-shrub. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akudingi ukusika njalo, ngaphandle uma ufuna ukususa izingxenye ezilimele noma ezigulayo njengoba kudingeka, noma nje ukudweba. Lokhu kuthena okubanzi kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwezimbali ze-shrub entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukuqedela incazelo evamile yalesi sitshalo, kungaphawulwa ukuthi phakathi kwezinhlobo zaso kukhona okuthiwa yi-Crimson Pygmy, egqama ngokuba isihlahla esincane esifinyelela kumitha ubude futhi esinamahlamvu abubende abomvu-nsomi. Kukhona nohlobo lwe-Concorde, okuhlonzwa ngalo lesi sihlahlana esihlangene, esiyindilinga esifinyelela kuphela kumasentimitha angama-60 ubude kanye namahlamvu ansomi amnyama abonakala abe namandla kakhulu ezinyangeni zikaSepthemba kuya kuZibandlela.
I-Smoke Bush (i-Cotinus Royal Purple)
Amaqabunga ajulile ansomi alesi sihlahla sentuthu azosusa imingcele yakho, izingadi, noma iziqukathi ezinengemuva elimnyama. Isihlahla esinamandla sikhiqiza amaqabunga azoba makhulu uma ethenwa ngamandla unyaka ngamunye, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo. I-Cotinos izitshalo ezibekezelelayo ezikhula kahle elangeni noma emthunzini ompofu kanye nenhlabathi eminingi, kodwa umbala wazo ukhanya kakhulu uma ukhule endaweni enelanga. Ingafinyelela kumamitha angu-8 ubude. Phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, lezi zitshalo zimbozwa yinkungu yezimbali ezinezimpaphe, ezinikeza igama lazo.
Zineziqu eziningi namaqabunga ansomi kwezinye izilimo futhi zingafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-70 ukuphakama, esinye isici ukuthi kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, ziphenduka zibe phuzi, osawolintshi noma zibomvu ekwindla, futhi igama laso lisuselwa ezinweleni ezinamagagasi. enamathiselwe kumaqoqo ezimbali ahlala ekhona ehlobo, ashintshayo ukusuka ebomvana okuthunqayo ukuya kobomvana njengoba isizini iqhubeka. Ngokuqondene nokunakekelwa kwazo, izitshalo ezincane kufanele ziniselwe ngokujulile futhi njalo kuze kube yilapho sezisungulwe kahle.
Uma lokhu sekwenzekile isihlahla sentuthu siyakwazi ukubekezelela izimo ezomile, esigabeni saso sokuvuthwa izitshalo zenza kahle ngokunisela okulingene njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi isisekelo sesitshalo simbozwe ngamapulangwe okhuni noma i-mulch yamagxolo ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze kuvinjwe ukhula nenhlabathi emanzi. Ezimweni ezinomthunzi ngokwengxenye amahlamvu ayoba mancane, okudinga ukuthenwa njalo ukugcina izitshalo ziminyene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhle ukuyivundisa ukuze ikhule ngamandla futhi amaqabunga anamaqabunga agcinwe, ngakho ukuvundisa okunomsoco kubalulekile.
Esinye isici okufanele sigqanyiswe kalula ukusakazeka kwesihlahla, kungaba ngokusika noma imbewu. Uma wenziwe ngesiqu, qiniseka ukuthi unamaqabunga bese ususa amaqabunga aphansi bese uwagqiba endaweni engaphansi ukuze yakhe izimpande kalula futhi isitshalo esisha sizalwe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma kunembewu, kufanele ifakwe emanzini usuku lonke, yomiswe bese itshalwa cishe ngamasentimitha angu-12 ukushona emhlabathini oyisihlabathi, ngemva kwesikhashana, ingatshalwa endaweni enesimo ukuze iqhubeke nenqubo yayo. Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi sitshalo singathinteka ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane ezifana ne-leaf roller kanye ne-Verticillium fungus.
I-basil ephephuli
I-Basil isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu esinamahlamvu anombala obomvana anephunga elihlukile, aqinile aqinile kuya kwethenda asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla, okudabuka ezindaweni ezihlala emahlathini omile e-Afrika nase-Asia. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukushisa okukhulu ukuze siphumelele, kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi ongakhetha kuzo, ezinye zazo ezitshalwe ukumelana nezimo ezipholile. Zijwayele ukuba ne-downy mildew kanye ne-whitefly, yingakho zivame ukuhambisana nezitshalo zikatamatisi ukuze zigweme lesi zinambuzane.
I-Basil Crimson King iyinhlobonhlobo enamaqabunga ansomi, iyunifomu namaqabunga aqinile. Zingakhiqizwa kabusha ngokuhlwanyela imbewu endlini ku-greenhouse noma efasiteleni elifudumele, bese uhambisa isitshalo ngaphandle ehlobo. Kubalulekile ukuwachelela kancane, okungcono ngaphambi kwasemini ukuze izimpande zibe nesikhathi sokumisa ngaphambi kokuba amazinga okushisa ehle ebusuku, kanye nokuqoqa amaqabunga njalo futhi asuse izimbali ukuze agxilise amandla esitshalo ekukhiqizeni okuyingqayizivele. amahlamvu.
Njengoba isitshalo esinomswakama, ukuchelela kwayo kuzoncika esikhathini sonyaka ukwazi inani lamanzi, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku ukuvinjelwa ukuthi lingabuni. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina i-substrate ivundile, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuyivundisa ngokwemvelo nyanga zonke futhi uvune amaqabunga njalo ukuze uvuselele ukukhula kwawo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezinamaqabunga amade ansomi zizala ngokushesha futhi uzohlala zikhona. Ukuze uyisakaze, kuyadingeka ukulungisa imibhede yembewu, uma ithreyi, ubukhulu kufanele okungenani bube ngamasentimitha amathathu noma ama-3.
Uma unquma ukusebenzisa ibhodwe, kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angu-12 ububanzi ukuze uvimbele izitshalo ekuqhumeni eduze kakhulu. Khona-ke, kulula ukusebenzisa i-mulch yemifino emanzi kanye nembewu eyodwa noma ezimbili endaweni ngayinye ngaphandle kokuchoboza inhlabathi, ukumboza kamuva futhi ubeke eduze kwefasitela noma enye indawo lapho ithola khona ukukhanya kwelanga, ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi nsuku zonke. Lapho amaqabunga okuqala evela, susa ipulasitiki bese uqhubeka nokumanzisa kuze kube yilapho izitshalo sezikhule ngamasentimitha ambalwa ukuze zikwazi ukuzitshala. Zingatshalwa futhi ngezinqamu ezifakwa esitsheni esinamanzi zize zibe nezimpande futhi zilungele ukutshalwa esitsheni sokugcina noma ebhodweni.
Isitshalo se-Ti (Cordyline Fruticosa)
Isitshalo sasendlini esihle esibukhwebezane esinamahlamvu amade ngemibala ehlekisayo, ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokwengeza ukuchaphaza kombala, isitayela kanye nedrama ekhoneni elikhanyiswe kahle legumbi. Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zinamaqabunga amise okwebhande anemigqa egqamile yemibala ehlukahlukene epinki eshisayo, emhlophe, ekhilimu, noma imithunzi ejulile yobunsomi. I-Cordyline fructicosa ikhetha ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ithanda ukuba sendaweni ethola ilanga elincane.
Izitshalo ze-Ti zisendlini ikakhulukazi, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ekuhlanganiseni ngakunye kwe-violet, emnyama, i-lime, epinki, ewolintshi, kanye nokuma nobukhulu obuhlukene, ezinye zinamaqabunga amancane, ezinye ububanzi, amaqabunga amancane, phakathi kwezinye izici. Lesi sitshalo sinenzuzo yokuthi singashintshwa kunoma yisiphi isikimu sokutshala. Zilinganisa imitha eyodwa kuya kwamabili ukuphakama nengxenye yemitha ububanzi. Lezi zitshalo ezinde, ezinamahlamvu ansomi zikhiqiza izimpande ezivame ukusungula izingadi ngokushesha. Zitshalwe endaweni yomthunzi ogcwele ku-substrate egeleza mahhala.
Ngemuva kokutshala, mboza bese uchelela njalo kuze kube yilapho usumisiwe, bese kancane. I-Cordylines iqinile futhi ibekezelela izikhathi zelanga, nakuba ikhetha ukukhanya okuhlungiwe. Njengengxenye yokunakekelwa okudingayo, kukhona ukususwa kwamahlamvu abunile, intwasahlobo eyinkathi ekahle yokuwenza noma lapho engenwe izinambuzane. Umanyolo owuketshezi kufanele futhi ucatshangelwe ngemuva kokoma isikhathi eside futhi njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 ukuze kuthuthukiswe amahlamvu ansomi. Ngokusika wonke amaqabunga isitshalo sizokhula sisuka esiqwini.
Ukukhiqizwa kwalesi sitshalo kukhiqizwa ngokusikwa kanye nokutshalwa kwayo okulandelayo kweziqu ezikhishwe kwenye indawo engadini noma ezimbizeni ukuze imiphumela yokusabalalisa. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi unikeza uketshezi olubalulekile ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingu-2-3 futhi ugweme ukuzibeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga okuqondile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amaqabunga ayo asikiwe anokusetshenziswa okuningi, ikakhulukazi ekuhlobiseni nasekuphekeni lapho esetshenziswa njengezisekelo noma ukuhlelwa kwezindawo, amaqabunga angasetshenziswa njengama-wrappers noma imihlobiso yezitsha zokupheka, nakuba zingadliwa.
UHeuchera
Ngokuvamile zitholakala ezingadini, lapho ziphawuleka khona ngamahlamvu awo anombala onsomi ahlanganiswe nopinki oshisayo, kodwa zidinga izinyathelo lapho zitshalwe ezitsheni ukuvikela izifo ze-vine weevil, nokho lokhu kungaba inkinga encane. izitshalo zenza kahle elangeni noma emthunzini ukuze zengeze umbala omangalisayo engadini, okukhazimulayo kwalo mbala kuboniswa kangcono entwasahlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, zidinga inhlabathi yobumba emanzi edonsa kahle.
Izinsimbi zamakhorali zitholakala emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika, zivame ukukhula zibe yizigaxa eziminyene, zibe namahlamvu anemibala egqamile, yingakho zitshalwa ngokuyinhloko, kanti izimbali zasehlobo zengeza ebuhleni bazo basehlobo. Isitshalo esiminyene, esikhukhulayo esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka acwebezelayo, futhi alungele ukukhula ngaphambi komngcele onomthunzi noma amavasi evulandi. Umbala wawo omuhle ugqama nakakhulu lapho uquqaba lwezimbali ezincane ezinombala okhilimu zizalwa eziqwini ezinde ezinyangeni zikaJuni kuya kuSepthemba.
Benza kahle kakhulu emthunzini oyingxenye, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele. Umbala ungafiphala elangeni eliqondile, ngenxa yalokho ukushisa nokukhanya okuningi kungashisa amaqabunga, kodwa lokhu kungagwenywa ngokunisela njalo isitshalo, ikakhulukazi njengoba izimpande ezingajulile zizodinga umswakama owengeziwe ezinsukwini ezishisayo libalele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izinsimbi ze-coral ezitshalwe emthunzini omanzi zingase zibe sengozini yezifo ze-fungal. Uma izitshalo zakho ziqala ukuba nezinkinga, kungcono ukuziyisa endaweni eyomile.
knight onsomi
Lezi zitshalo zamahlamvu amnyama asezindaweni ezishisayo zivumelane kangcono nokushisa futhi zifaneleka ukubekwa emingceleni, njengekhava yomhlabathi yonyaka noma engadini yamafindo ehlelekile, okubalulekile amaqabunga azo ajulile ansomi angaqhathanisa nezimbali ezinemibala egqamile noma amahlamvu noma yikuphi. I-Alternanthera idabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, izimbali zazo ngokuvamile ziwumcabango wakamuva. Amahlamvu awo anombala onsomi acishe abe mnyama enza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, lapho umbala wawo ushona khona futhi ucwebezele.
Lolu hlobo lukhula kalula kusuka enzalweni, ukunakekela ukutshala emva kwesikhathi sesithwathwa emhlabathini omanzi, okhishwe kahle elangeni eligcwele ukuze kuqinisekiswe umbala owengeziwe, noma zingatshalwa emthunzini oyingxenye. Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ekushiseni kuka-12 kuya ku-18 degrees ngokushesha nje lapho isivuthiwe noma entwasahlobo ukuze izithombo zihluke ngombala. Ukuyiphindaphinda, lokhu kungenziwa futhi ngokuhlukanisa ama-cuttings ekupheleni kwehlobo. Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuthi kulesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke, izibungu kanye ne-Fusarium wilt zimelela ubungozi obukhulu okufanele buliwe ngokushesha lapho kubonwa ukugwema ukulimala okwengeziwe.
I-Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius)
Njengesihlahla esinezimbali esishintshashintshashintshayo, sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekudwebeni umhlaba. Ithola igama layo egxolweni layo, elingahlukaniswa libe izingqimba ezincanyana eziyisishiyagalolunye. Inamaqabunga ansomi kwezinye izinguqulo zayo, ngaphezu kohlaza oluvamile olumnyama noma olubomvu kwezinye izethulo. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngamaqoqo ezimbali ezimhlophe noma ezibomvana, futhi ikhiqiza amajikijolo abomvu ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla avame ukuheha izinyoni. Itholakala ngosayizi abaningi, ngobude obuvuthiwe obusuka ku-1,5 kuya ku-3 wamamitha ubude. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezincane ezifinyelela ngaphansi kwemitha ubude.
Ukutshala, izimpande zibekwe kuze kufike emhlabathini ukuze zihlale ezingeni le-substrate, zigcwalise futhi zihlanganise inhlabathi ene-alkaline noma ene-asidi ngokugeleza okuhle. Ukumboza isisekelo nge-mulch kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe umswakama kanye nokulawula ukhula. Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yayo yemvelo ihlanganisa usebe lwemifudlana, amagquma, namahlozi anomswakama, isekela inhlabathi evundile neloam, kanye nenhlabathi enamatshe engashoni, ingenye yezitshalo ezinsomi ezinamahlamvu amade ezidinga amanzi amancane.
Phakathi kukaMashi noJuni, yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuvundisa kancane isihlahla salolu hlobo ngomquba kanye nomanyolo wemvelo olungiselelwe lolu hlobo lwezitshalo. Gcoba umanyolo emhlabathini kusukela kuma-intshi ambalwa ukusuka esiqwini ukuya ngasekugcineni kwamagatsha awo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, usike ngemva kokuqhakaza noma ngaphambi kwaphakathi no-August ukuze ulondoloze ukuma namagatsha amancane. Izihlahla ezindala zingathenwa eduze nomhlabathi ebusika ukuze kuvuselelwe isitshalo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwamaqabunga nezimbali.
Kulolu hlobo lwesitshalo sokhuni ukuze sisakazeke, ukusikwa kufanele kuthathwe lapho isitshalo sithule, ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo: Qala ukusika izingcezu ezimbalwa zokhuni oluqinile ngasekupheleni kwekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ubusika, cishe isentimitha ukujiya futhi 1 kuya 10 amasentimitha ubude. Ukusikwa ngakunye kufanele kube namanodi okungenani ama-15, ukusika ngaphansi nangaphezulu kwalamagatsha aphumile. Bese ucwilisa phansi kokusikwa ngakunye ku-hormone ye-rooting, thatha ama-cuttings futhi uvikeleke ngebhande lerabha.
Kamuva, kufanele ifakwe esikhwameni futhi ifakwe esiqandisini, ukuze entwasahlobo baqale ukumila ukuze balungele ukudluliselwa endaweni yokukhula. Isihlahla esinamagxolo ayisishiyagalolunye sinezinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu anemibala ehlukene, ngokuvamile ansomi kanye nophuzi. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-Mindina noma i-Coppertina, ehlanganisa amahlamvu ansomi ayithusi avuthwa abe nsomi ngokubomvu. Futhi, okuthiwa i-Seward noma i-Summerwine amaqabunga ayo ahlangene ansomi. Futhi i-Center Glow edumile, enamaqabunga anesikhungo esiphuzi esisagolide esizungezwe i-violet.
Maple iJaphane (I-Acer palmatum)
Ibalazwe laseJapane elaziwayo phakathi kwezethulo zalo ezihlukahlukene kukhona elinsomi, elibizwa nge-Acer palmatum Wolff noma i-Emperor I, elingatshalwa endaweni enomthunzi omncane evikelekile emimoyeni enamandla. Ezinyangeni zikaSepthemba kuya kuZibandlela amaqabunga aphenduka abe bomvu ngokunsomi ngaphambi kokuwa amboze umhlabathi ngombala omangalisayo. Ziyizitshalo ezikhula kancane ezifanele izingadi neziqukathi ezincane.
Ingahluka kusuka esihlahleni kuya esihlahleni esincane, ubukhulu bayo obujwayelekile bungamamitha angu-4-7 ukuphakama futhi ukuma kwayo kuvame ukujikeleza. Zitshalwa emthunzini oyingxenye nasemhlabeni wobumba omanzi, okhishwe kahle, okuvimbela i-substrate ekubeni ne-alkalinity ephezulu. Indlela elula yokulawula izinga lomswakamo lomhlabathi ozungeze isihlahla se-maple sase-Japan ukufaka i-mulch, futhi kufanele iniselwe noma nini lapho inhlabathi yomile, ikakhulukazi uma ingazange ibe nemvula eningi. Ngokwengxenye yalo, ukuvundiswa kwenziwa ekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngemva konyaka owodwa ubudala. Ungakwazi futhi ukuzondla futhi ehlobo uma kunesidingo.
Zingasakazwa ngembewu noma nge-softwood cuttings. Lezi zitshalo ezinde ezinamahlamvu ansomi azidingi ukuthenwa okuningi, vele ususe amagatsha awele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka kwawo kanye nalawo alimele ukuze kusebenze ukukhula kwawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangabhekana nezinkinga ezibangelwa izinambuzane ezinjengama-aphid, izikali namabhungane ngokuyisisekelo, ngaphezu kwalokho, bangabonisa ukusha, ukusika amagxolo, i-verticillium wilt, amabala emaqabunga kanye nokuntuleka kwe-manganese, phakathi kwabanye.
isitshalo se-velvet (Gynura aurantiaca)
Isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha esihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ngemva kokutshala siba isitshalo esihle esinamahlamvu anamaqabunga ansomi anobukhwebezane obungafika kumasentimitha ayisithupha ubude. Lapho ziqhakaza, izimbali ezibomvu neziphuzi kufanele zisuswe njengoba zikhipha iphunga elinamandla elingajabulisi kwabaningi. Ukugcinwa kwayo kulula kakhulu, udinga nje indawo enelanga, amanzi anele kanye nokudla okuvamile. Ukugcina umbala wayo omuhle, i-substrate kufanele ibe ne-fluidity enhle, amaqabunga akufanele afuthwe, njengoba indawo ebushelelezi izogcina amanzi futhi yandise ingozi yokutheleleka kwefungal.
Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinde ezinamahlamvu ansomi ezinikeza ithuba lokuphindaphindeka kalula ngokusikwa kwesiqu, okufanele kulinganise amasentimitha angu-7 ngamanodi amaningana amaqabunga, bese zifakwa emhlabathini wobumba futhi zigcinwe zimbozwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe umswakama owanele. Izimpande eziphumelelayo zizoqhubeka lapho izithombo sezizelwe ekutshalweni okufanele ukuze kukhule izitshalo ezintsha.
Esinye isici okufanele sinake ekuziphendukeleni kwalesi sitshalo ukuthi zisengozini yokuthola ama-aphid akhangwa iziqu, izibungu nezikali, ezingelashwa nge-pesticide enhle ezihlahleni ezimbi noma zivele zihlanzwe ngendwangu emanzi uma ukwazi ukubabamba kusenesikhathi.
I-Rex begonia (Begonia rex-cultorum)
Ngaphakathi kwezigaba zezitshalo ezinamaqabunga amade ansomi, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingenye yalezo ezijwayele ukukhulela endlini, naphezu kokuthi ukuqhakaza kwazo kanye nobukhulu bezimbali zazo akushazi njengamaqabunga awo. Kodwa ngokunembile, okukhangayo amahlamvu awo agqamile aveza imiphetho emagebhugebhu, ama-serrated futhi anama-lobed anemibala ehlanganisa i-violet, eluhlaza okotshani, obomvu kuya kopinki, ehambisana namathoni esiliva futhi axutshwe nomunye ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona, i-Begonia rex ingenye yezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu, zibizwa nangokuthi i-begonias leaf begonias noma i-fancy leaf begonias efika kumasentimitha angu-15 ubude.
Njengoba kuyisitshalo esinamaqabunga, ukutshalwa ngokucophelela kubalulekile ukuveza bonke ubuhle baso. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa inhlabathi evundile enezimbiza esitsheni esingashoni futhi uyiphakele njalo. Qaphela ukuthi ugcine isitshalo simanzi futhi ugweme ukuchelela ngokweqile. Qaphela ukuthi ungafafazi amaqabunga ngokuqondile, njengoba amanzi amile azothuthukisa i-powdery mildew, okuyinkinga esitshalweni esikhule ngenxa yamahlamvu aso amahle. Esinye sezimo ezifanele zombala ongcono kakhulu ukuthi izinga lokushisa lasemini libe ngu-21 degrees Celsius futhi izinga lokushisa ebusuku libe ngu-15 degrees.
Nikeza isitshalo ngokukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile futhi usijikelezise kaningi ukuze usiveze ekukhanyeni okufanayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi azikubekezeleli isimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu futhi ebusika lokhu kunikeza isikhathi sokuphumula futhi zingalahlekelwa amaqabunga, okuthi uma isitshalo siphilile silulame ngokushesha. Futhi zingasakazwa kalula kakhulu ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Ukuze lezi zicucu zisebenze kufanele okungenani zibe nemizwa eyodwa eyinhloko, lezi kufanele zibekwe endaweni engaphansi ukuze izitshalo ezintsha zikhule.
Kamuva, kungcono ukuyitshala emabhodweni amakhulu, angashoni kakhulu ukuze i-rhizome ibe nendawo yokusabalalisa. Kodwa-ke, lapho i-rhizome iqala ukuchichima emaceleni ebhodwe, yisikhathi sokuphinda inqubo yokuyitshala esitsheni esisha esinenhlabathi emisha ukuze kwandiswe isitokwe sakho sesitshalo. Njengawo wonke ama-begonias, ungachithi inhlabathi yezitshalo ezisanda kufakwa ezimbizeni, kodwa yigcine imanzi kancane futhi ifudumele.
Lolu hlobo lwezitshalo ezinde ezinamahlamvu ansomi lungabuye lusakazwe ngokuphina iqabunga engxubeni yemfucumfucu nokwenza imisila emincane emithanjeni yeqabunga noma ngokufaka iqabunga elinoqweqwe lwawo ngqo emhlabathini okungukuthi i-petiole iyisiqu esinamathisela iqabunga leqabunga. esiqwini sesitshalo. Futhi, lezi zitshalo zivame ukuhlushwa izinambuzane ezifana ne-fungal botrytis. I-systemic fungicide ingasiza ukulwa nayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ukhiphe amaqabunga afile ngokushesha futhi uqinisekise ukuhamba kahle komoya. Ngokufanayo, i-mealybugs iba yinkinga evamile, ngakho-ke kufanele ivinjwe ngokuthenwa kahle isitshalo.
Ama-waffles (Hemigraphis colorata)
Kuyisitshalo esine-herbaceous esivela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, sinamaqabunga ayi-oval nacijile angaba ngu-4 kuya ku-6 cm ubude namaphethelo acijile kanye nombala we-violet omangalisayo ngemuva kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphambili. Izimpande ziphuma ezindaweni ezingaphansi. Angatshalwa ezingadini noma ezimbizeni ukuze anikeze amaqabunga aluhlaza embala wawo onsomi, alungele abaklami bendawo abaxubile. Lesi sitshalo saziwa nangokuthi i-ivy ebomvu futhi sikhula kalula endlini ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokukhula. Eqinisweni, isitshalo siyadingeka ukuba sikhanyiselwe, kodwa ukukhanya kwelanga akufinyeleli emaqabunga njengoba kungalimaza ngokushintsha umbala noma ukushisa amaqabunga awo.
Esinye isimo esidingekayo siwukuba nomhlabathi oswakeme ngokufanayo, oniselwa njalo futhi ongenawo amanzi, ukuze uvune ukukhula nokuphila kahle kwesitshalo. Umswakama ophezulu uyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ze-ivy. Gcoba isitshalo njalo futhi usebenzise ithreyi lamatshana ukuze usinikeze. Ngemvamisa ethile yenza ukusabalalisa usebenzisa ukusika kwesiqu, lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhetha izingcezu ze-stem ezingamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15, lapho wonke amaqabunga ngaphandle kwalawo angaphezulu azosuswa futhi afakwe ezitsheni ezincane ku-substrate emanzi.
Vundisa izitshalo ezinsomi ezinamahlamvu amade ngokudla kwesitshalo sasendlini esiwuketshezi noma umanyolo oyimbudumbudu. Nisela amanzi njengoba kudingeka ukuze kugcinwe inhlabathi imanzi, ngale nqubo uzoba nezimpande ezisikiwe ezilungele ukufakelwa kabusha ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10. Uma isitshalo sesimisiwe kufanele sithenwe njalo njengoba sikhula ngokushesha. Iziqu ezigulayo, ezibuthakathaka noma ezomile zisikwa ngezikele zokuthena ezifakwe amagciwane ngotshwala ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekwindla ukuze kulawulwe ukukhula kwazo.
Izinambuzane ze-ivy zihlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo kukhona ama-aphid aluhlaza okuyizinambuzane ezidla ubisi neziqu, zingaphinda zihlasele izimbali, izicupho eziphuzi ze-chromatic zingasetshenziswa, ngoba umbala uheha ukunaka kwazo futhi lapho zibambeka khona. Kukhona futhi ama-spider mite abomvu, okuyizimbuzane ezincane ezidla amangqamuzana ezitshalo, lokhu kufakazelwa ulwembu olwakha phakathi kwamaqabunga, kodwa lungaqedwa kalula ngama-insecticides.
I-Caladium (Caladium X hortulanum)
I-Caladiums yizitshalo ezihlala isikhathi eside ezishisayo ezinamahlamvu abukwayo futhi zingatshalwa endlini, kodwa zingatshalwa ngaphandle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zikuphi lapho zidinga khona ukuze zithole ukukhanya okuhlungiwe okungenani kwamahora angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 usuku ngalunye . Anamaqabunga amakhulu, azacile abukeka njengemicibisholo nezinhliziyo, anemibala ehlukahlukene emangalisayo namaphethini ansomi, abomvu, apinki, anokhilimu anamabala, anemithende, nemithende. Bangakunikeza kalula umthelela obonakalayo wezimbali ngenkathi ziyizitshalo zamahlamvu nje.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezinama-tuberous nokuthi amahlamvu aso akhula kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Futhi zidinga umswakama ophezulu kakhulu, azikubekezeleli ukubandayo, futhi zinobuthi ezilwaneni nakubantu. Ziphinde ziyizitshalo zonyaka ngisho nasezindaweni ezishisayo, lapho abalimi bezitshala khona entwasahlobo nasehlobo ukuze zikhule kahle lapho kushisa nomswakama. Uma zikhule zisendlini, zisebenza kahle kakhulu lapho kushisa kakhulu, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungaqondile, kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Ngisho nasezimweni ezingcono kakhulu, amaqabunga ahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukufa futhi isitshalo siphinde sithule, uma lokhu kwenzeka ungafaka ama-tubers bese uwatshala kabusha ngonyaka ozayo.
Nakuba lezi zitshalo ezinde, ezinamahlamvu ansomi zitshalwa ngenxa yamahlamvu azo, zibuye zikhiqize izimbali, eziqala njengama-spathes noma ama-spikes, avame ukususwa ngokushesha lapho zivela njengesinyathelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amandla esitshalo ayakhululwa. gxila ekuthuthukiseni amaqabunga awo angavamile. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi lapho amaqabunga encipha, kulapho angathatha khona ilanga eliningi, futhi ukuwakhulisa ngaphandle ezitsheni kukunika ukulawula okwengeziwe kwezimo zokukhanya. Tshala i-caladium ngengxube ecebile, egeleza kahle, njengengxube yenhlabathi emanzi kanye ne-peat moss.
Inhlabathi yasengadini kufanele futhi icebile futhi idonswe kahle, ibe ne-pH ekahle ene-asidi ka-5,5 kuya ku-6,2. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga esitshalweni, manzisa njengoba kudingeka ukuze ugcine inhlabathi imanzi ngokulinganayo futhi uvimbele isitshalo ukuthi singomi. Esimeni lapho amaqabunga eqala ukubuna, kuyodingeka ukuthi uyeke ukunisela isitshalo futhi uqale kabusha lapho amahlamvu evela futhi ngesizini elandelayo. Ngokulandelayo, kunconywa ukuvundisa isitshalo masonto onke ngesikhathi sokukhula, okungaba ama-granules oketshezi noma akhipha kancane.
Ukushisa kokushisa, kungcono ezitshalweni zasendlini, kunconywa ukuthi kube ngama-degrees Celsius angama-21, ngoba kuleli zinga izilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukukhula. Futhi, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe uphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapho utshala ngaphandle, ungafaka izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimbizeni noma uzidlulisele emabhodweni e-peat ekupheleni kosuku lokugcina lwesithwathwa. Izitshalo ezitshalwe ngale ndlela kufanele ziqalwe endlini amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ngakho-ke, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivuthiwe zingabe sezihlukaniswa, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingxenye entsha yezilimo eziyizigaxa okungenani inendawo eyodwa ekhulayo. Ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle, lezi zitshalo ezinsomi ezinamahlamvu amade ziyisizini, zinamahlamvu ehlobo kanye nesikhathi sokungalali ekwindla noma ebusika. Isikhathi sabo sokulala asinqunywa izinga lokushisa noma umjikelezo wokukhanya, kodwa ukuthi isitshalo sinesikhathi esingakanani sikhula. Ngemva kokuba amaqabunga eqala ukufa emuva ekwindla, gcina izilimo eziyizigaxa ebhodweni elifanayo noma zisuse, zihlanze, futhi zibeke ku-sawdust noma esihlabathini ukuze zigcinwe. Zigcine ngaphezu kuka-12 degrees Celsius ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwamasampuli omsindo. Zitshale futhi uma kuqala inkathi elandelayo yokukhula.
I-Coleus (Coleus blumei)
Okulandelayo, sethula lonke ulwazi olufanele mayelana nesinye sezitshalo ezinde ezinamahlamvu ansomi, ezibonakala ngamaqabunga amaningi futhi zinikeza umbala phakathi nazo zonke izinkathi zonyaka elangeni eligcwele nasethunzini futhi ziyisitshalo esingcono kakhulu sokunakekela kancane. I-Coleus isitshalo esithambile esikhula kahle ngaphakathi nangaphandle futhi singafinyelela kumitha ukuphakama. Ngenxa yemibala yazo egqamile futhi egqamile, onsomi, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani nobomvu, athandwa kakhulu ekudalweni kwengadi nasekuhlobiseni ngenxa yokuma kwamaqabunga okugoqekile nokunwetshiwe.
Lesi sitshalo sesineminyaka eminingi silinywa futhi igama laso elisetshenziswa ngochwepheshe ocwaningweni lwaso seliphinde lanikezwa izikhathi eziningana. Imithombo eminingi manje ilebula lezi zitshalo ngokuthi i-Plectranthus scuttellariodes, kodwa futhi phambilini bezaziwa njenge-Solenostemon scutellarioides kanye ne-Coleus blumei. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunesinye isiphakamiso sakamuva sokwabiwa kabusha kweqembu ku-Coleus scutellarioides. Ngakho-ke, ungase ubone lesi sitshalo sibhalwe ekuhwebeni nganoma yiliphi lala magama esiLatini.
Izitshalo ze-Coleus azikwazi ukubekezelela isithwathwa, ngakho-ke linda kuze kube yilapho amazinga okushisa ehlala ngokuthembekile ngaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-16 ngaphambi kokuwahambisa engadini. Bazokwenza kahle kakhulu enhlabathini ecebile, evulekile, ngakho-ke bachibiyela ngomquba noma i-peat moss ngaphambi kokutshala kunconywa, ngaphandle uma unomhlabathi omuhle kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungashiwo ukuthi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezomile, zonke izinhlobo zizodinga umthunzi othile, ikakhulukazi ntambama. Ezindaweni ezipholile, ezinesizini emfushane, i-shade coleus izodinga ukuchayeka elangeni okwengeziwe ukuze iyisize ifudumale.
Incamela inhlabathi evulekile, ecebile, emanzi njalo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, lungisa inhlabathi ngomquba noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ezitshalweni ezifakwe emanzini, noma iyiphi ingxube yekhwalithi enhle ye-peat-based potting izosebenza kahle. Izitshalo ze-coleus zikhula kahle kakhulu enhlabathini ehlala imanzi, nakuba ingenayo i-soggy. Umhlabathi akufanele uhlale umanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ukomisa isikhathi eside kuzonciphisa ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi amaqabunga azoqala ukuphenduka abe nsundu emaphethelweni.
I-mulch izosiza inhlabathi ukuthi igcine umswakama isikhathi eside, kodwa ungasebenzisi i-cedar mulch, engaba yingozi ku-coleus. Futhi, ungavumeli i-mulch ithinte iziqu, ngoba ingakhuthaza ukubola futhi ifihle ama-slugs. Lesi sitshalo esineziqukathi singadinga ukuchelelwa kabili ngosuku ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo. Uma unomhlaba ocebile, ungase ungadingi ukondla izitshalo ze-coleus nhlobo. Uma unomhlabathi ompofu, sebenzisa umanyolo oxubene nohhafu wamandla nyanga zonke. Uzothola umbala omuhle kakhulu emaqabunga akho e-coleus uma usebenzisa umanyolo ngokucophelela.
Ukuze uthole izitshalo ezigcwele, ezinamahlathi, ncinza amathiphu akhulayo lapho izitshalo sezingama-intshi angu-15 ubude. Ungakwenza lokhu izikhathi ezimbalwa uma uthanda, kodwa ngemva kokuba izitshalo ziqale ukuthumela iziqu zezimbali, uzokwazi ukuphina lezi ziqu futhi uthole imiphumela efanayo nokumpintsha amathiphu. Ukwengeza, kuhle ukwazi ukuthi zingasakazwa kalula ngokuthatha ama-stem cuttings futhi uwasuse. Sika ithiphu ye-stem engama-intshi angu-10 kuya kwangu-15, bese ususa wonke amaqabunga engxenyeni engezansi yokusika.
Gcoba isiphetho sesiqu kunhlanganisela yezimpande, bese usitshala kumxube wembiza omanzi ukuze inhlabathi ivale amaqhubu amaqabunga avele. Faka isitsha esikhwameni sepulasitiki, uqiniseke ukuthi asithinti ukusikwa. Beka ukusika okumboziwe endaweni ekhanyayo, efudumele kuze kube yilapho kuvela izimpande ezintsha, lokhu kuthatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Susa ipulasitiki futhi uqhubeke ukhulisa isitshalo esisha endaweni ekhanyayo, efudumele. Izinhlobo zesimanje ze-coleus ezithengiswa ezitolo ziyizinzalo ezicishe zikhule ngokusikwa ezimbizeni ezithengiswa enkulisa, kepha usengathola imbewu yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Uma uzotshala lezi zinhlobo zezitshalo ezinamahlamvu amade ansomi engadini yangaphandle, qala imbewu endlini emasontweni angu-8 kuya kwayi-10 ngaphambi kosuku lokugcina lwesithwathwa. Nisela kancane imbewu encane phezu kwethreyi egcwele ingxube yebhodwe, bese uyimboza kancane ngengcosana yenhlabathi. Vala ithreyi ngepulasitiki bese ulibeka endaweni ekhanyayo nefudumele kuze kube yilapho izithombo zihluma, okuthatha cishe amasonto amabili. Susa ipulasitiki futhi uqhubeke ukhulisa izithombo ngenkathi ugcina inhlabathi imanzi, ukuze uzitshale kamuva.
I-coleus ngokuvamile ayithinteki ngenxa yezifo ngaphandle uma isimo sezulu siphenduka sipholile futhi sinomswakama. Uma lokho kwenzeka, lindela ukubona izimpawu zezifo ezikhunta njengesikhunta. Uma ukhulisa izitshalo zakho ezinsomi ezinamaqabunga amade endlini, qaphela isikali, izimpukane ezimhlophe, ikakhulukazi izimbungulu. Okokugcina, ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokulala saminyaka yonke noma ezingadini zeziqukathi nobhasikidi, nasezindaweni ezifudumele i-coleus ingatshalwa njengezitshalo ezihlala isikhathi eside engadini, lapho ingakhula khona ifane nezihlahlana ezincane ezineziqu ezinokhuni.
Amaqabunga ansomi kwezinye izitshalo ngenxa yokushoda kwezakhi
Abanye ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi amahlamvu a-purplish akhona kwezinye izizinda zombila ngenxa yenhlabathi eyomile, amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye namazinga anele e-phosphorus emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokukhula kwawo. Ukwazi ukuthi lo mbala unqunywa i-pigment eyakha lapho kunoshukela omningi emaqabunga kunezitshalo ezingase zisebenzise, khona-ke ukugxila okuphansi kwesakhi esiyisethenjwa kwenza kube nzima ukuthi ushukela uphume emaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungabangelwa ukuthi enhlabathini eyomile nebandayo izimpande ziyeka ukukhula futhi ukudluliswa kwama-carbohydrate ohlelweni lwempande kuyayeka, ngakho zombili izimo zenza amaqabunga athathe umbala onsomi.
Ngalo mqondo, ukunakekelwa okufanele kunikezwe umhlabathi kunesithakazelo esikhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi sokutshala, uma kungenziwanga kahle, kungahlanganiswa futhi kuphazamise ukukhula kwezimpande. Futhi uma kukhona ukuchelela ngokweqile, le nqubo izodinga ukuhlehliswa ukuze izibuyisele ebuhlazeni bazo obuvamile, okuvumela inhlabathi eswakeme ngokweqile ukuba iqale ukoma. Kodwa uma kuwuhlobo lwezakhi zofuzo olukhiqiza ngokwemvelo lokhu kumbala onsomi, isivuno sesitshalo ngeke sithinteke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungavezwa ukuthi amanye amasimu angase abonise ukushintsha kombala oluhlaza wamaqabunga awo ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nenhlabathi empofu, ukungahambi kahle kwamanzi, ukulimala kwezinambuzane nezifo, noma ngenxa yemisoco efana ne-magnesium, i-calcium, i-potassium. , nokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, phakathi kokunye, izitshalo ezisabela kuzo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, zibonisa amachashaza ansomi emaqabunga awo. Izinkinga zamahlamvu zalolu hlobo zivamile futhi zingabangela ukukhula nokubambezeleka nokwethulwa.
Uma uluthandile lesi sihloko mayelana Nezitshalo Ezishiya Amaqabunga Amade Ansomi, sikumema ukuthi ufunde ezinye izindatshana eziqukethe izihloko ozithakaselayo kulezi zixhumanisi ezilandelayo: