I-flora iyinhlanganisela yemibala esiyithola ezitshalweni, emaqabunga emvelo abanzi athatha ingxenye enkulu yezandiso ezibanzi zanoma yisiphi isizwe, kuye kwabonakala kubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi amazwe amaningi, izifunda kanye nezifunda ziye zabeka ingxenye. lwayo njengohlobo lwe-allegory, okumele lumelwe.
Izitshalo zingaqondwa njengokubonakaliswa kwemvelo, zihlanganisa inqwaba yezitshalo eziqukethe kuzo ngokwazo izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezivumelana nazo, indawo yazo ihlobene nengxenye ebalulekile yezwe ikakhulukazi njengoba, umhlaba. ngokuvamile kunengxenye yendawo lapho inhlabathi engaphansi ngayinye ihlala khona.
Igama elithi "Flora" libonisa izinkulumo ezanikezwa eRoma, ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthiwa zibangelwa inkulumo eshiwo ngenhla eyayibhekisela kunkulunkulu wamaRoma ngaleso sikhathi, okwathi, lapho esezuze udumo, wamfaka kuyo yonke imisebenzi ehambisana nayo. kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokukhula kwezitshalo.
Kungabalwa izikhathi lapho kule nkulumo ethi "Flora" ihloselwe ukwethulwa ngendlela eyodwa, ngoba imvamisa ihambisana negama elithi "Fauna", ukuchaza isihlahla esithile, ukutshala, izandiso zezitshalo, noma ngabe ziyizithelo. -ukuthwala izitshalo kanye nezitshalo zokuhlobisa izitshalo (izimbali, ama-roses, izihlahlana nezinye), kuze kufike ezilwaneni ezihlukahlukene.
Esifuna ukukukhombisa ukuthi izitshalo nezilwane ziyahamba ndawonye, enye isekela enye ukuze inikeze amathuba okuphila kwemvelo, empeleni yonke ingqungquthela enokuphila futhi eyingxenye yozalo, izinhlobo, izinhlanga nezinye izidalwa eziphefumulayo, ngaphandle inketho yanoma yini enye, incike ezitshalweni ezigqamile ukuze zilondoloze ubukhona bazo, ngemuva kwalezi zincazelo singakwazi ukwazisa ¿yini iyi flora?.
Ayini ama-CIzimpawu ze-Flora?
Izici ezembulwe ku-flora zihlose ukuvusa ukuphakama Ukuqwashisa ngemvelo, ngenxa yesethi yezinto ezingavamile ezivela ezitshalweni, esingazihlukanisa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ikakhulukazi i-autochthonous (imithombo evela endaweni yayo).
- Impela ngokuhlabayo, okusho ukuthi izindawo zabo zakhiwe ameva amaningi. (amahlathi, izintaba kanye nengxenye yemihlume).
- Ngokuqhutshwa okungavamile kwe amahlathi ehlathi unzima (rough).
Ezigabeni ezilandelayo sizoqhubeka sikhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nalokhu okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla izici ze-flora.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezitshalo
Imvelo ngokwayo ikhombisa ukuhlukaniswa okuvelele kwezitshalo ngokuhlukaniswa okungenakwenzeka ukucasha embonweni womuntu, ngenxa yezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo., ngezinhlobonhlobo ezibonisayo, ukugwema ukuwohloka ukuze uphile Izinhlobo zomthelela kwezemvelo, ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo kwezitshalo okukhoseliswe ezimbalini.
Manje ake sibone okuhlukile amakilasi ezimbali, asethwe kanje:
I-Flora yasekuqaleni noma ye-Autochthonous
Kubhekiselwa “ezimila zomdabu” ezivelele ezingeyona enye ngaphandle kwaleyo efike ekuqaleni, okubonisa ukuthi ivela endaweni lapho empeleni itholakala khona, ngamanye amazwi, ivela endingilizini lapho itholakala khona. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi akusoze kwaba okokwenziwa okwengezwe ngumuntu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ikubeka kucace ukuthi indawo ekuyo izalwa ngokuphelele, yamukela kuphela ukungenelela kwezehlakalo zemvelo ezihlonzwe ngokufanele ngokwemininingwane engenziwa futhi ilahlwe emvelweni njengaleyo yemvelo.
izimbali ezingavamile
"Izitshalo ezingavamile" ezishiwo ngenhla zichazwa ngokwezici zazo njengoba ngokuvamile zikhishwa endaweni yazo yasekuqaleni, uma kuqhathaniswa nelinye ihlelo langaphambili, sigqamisa iqiniso elibalulekile elenziwa kuzo, eligqamayo ngokutshalwa kabusha endaweni ethile. izindawo ezinenhloso yokuthi:
1.- Sinda, endaweni ehlukile.
2.- Zalisa kabusha.
Kokubili ukuqagela okuphumelelayo nokuqinisekisiwe kungaphakanyiswa ngezinketho ezimbili:
- Ukunakekela okukhethekile.
- Isingeniso noma ukungenelela komuntu.
Kuhle ukuveza ukuthi isitshalo esichazwe ngokwezigaba ezingavamile (esingavamile), ngokuvamile sibheka ezinye izinhlobo zezimbali kanye nezinhlobo zezitshalo njengoba empeleni intela ethobela ukugcwala okuncane kwezitshalo iyaziwa.
Okuthile okufanele kubhekwe kulesi sigaba esishiwo ngenhla ukufakwa kwalezi zilwane endaweni ezungezile noma endaweni yokuhlala ngoba kumelela ubungozi obukhulu benqubekelaphambili evamile yendawo egqamile, yendawo ebizwa ngezomnotho kanye nesimo sezulu uqobo.
Esinye isici esibi esingasishiya sihlanganisa ukunyamalala noma ukuncishiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingase zivele endaweni, okuvamise ukuba nomthelela ongaphezulu kanye nesikhathi sokuvuna, futhi kungalimaza ngisho nempilo yomuntu ngamunye.
I-Flora Arvense noma Ukhula
Sekuyisikhathi eside umuntu ekhathazekile ngalolu hlobo lwezitshalo futhi ngemva kokubhekwa okuningi kangaka ngenxa yokubonga okuhlukene okwanikezwa noma okwenziwe ngalokhu kuhlukaniswa, banquma ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezintathu ezihlukene ezichaza ukuthi ziyini ngempela, nakuba. kuseyizifundo eziqhubekayo ngazo:
1.- Ukhula.
2.-Izinhlobo ezibusayo noma ezihlaselayo.
3.-Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zomdabu ezake zanezelwa kwinhlanganisela yamakhambi achazwa njengokhula, hhayi abhalwe ngokuqondile ukuthi anegethivu.
Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi iminikelo yezitshalo ingasetshenziswa ngezinga elisebenza ngayo ukuze libe negalelo ekuphileni, umuntu kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi umuntu angazuza kangakanani ezitshalweni ezithile, njengoba kwenzeka ngaleli hlelo elihlongozwayo.
Izimbali Zezolimo noma Engadini
Lesi sigaba sezitshalo esiphawulwe ngezolimo esinegama laso futhi esilihlukanisa nelasemaphandleni, elilungele ukusetshenziswa engadini, lifukamela indlela yenkululeko okufanele ilondolozwe noma ivikelwe kanye nokukwazi ukuzala.
Ngenxa yamandla emvelo yomuntu, kangangokuthi wayekwazi ukwenza isinqumo sokuyihlakulela endaweni yemvelo kanye nasendaweni yokwenziwa noma indawo ezungezile, okubonisa ukuthi zingabekwa endaweni ethile.
Kuyini ukubaluleka kweFlora?
Ukubaluleka okuvezwe kule ngxenye, ngaphandle kokungabaza, kuyisisekelo, lo mbono awumusha nhlobo, njengoba kube nobufakazi, bonke abantu abakhona bancike kukho, ngisho noma bengafuni ukukubona noma bake bacabanga. ngakho, Iqiniso liwukuthi kuvela ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu: a) kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo, b) umhlaba jikelele, c) kukho konke okuhlanganisa ukuphefumula.
Ukubaluleka kwayo
- kuthonya izingxenye: Ezemvelo, ezemvelo, ezedlula zonke futhi ngisho nezomnotho.
- Inikeza izinzuzo: Emikhakheni eyahlukene indawo ehlala kuyo, njengezinhlobo zezitshalo, i-ecosystem ehlukene, eyenza imisebenzi yazo ethile.
- ukuvikelwa kwehlathi: Ihlinzeka ngemisoco emhlabathini ukuze iqede ukuguguleka futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo imise ukushelela okuyize kwamanzi.
- Igcina ukuvunda komhlabathi: Ukuqinisa ukuvuselelwa kwayo, njengoba bethathwa njengabakhiqizi abamangalisayo bezinto eziphilayo kanye nezakhamzimba (zezilwane), okugqamisa ukuthi izindawo ezihlala amahlathi zihlala zivundile.
- nikela ekhaya: (isiphephelo) ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezizigcinayo.
- Banikeza iphesenti eliphezulu le-oxygen: Ihlanzwe ngokuba yibhizinisi lomkhiqizi ngenqubo yemvelo ye-"Photosynthesis".
- Yehlisa ukungcoliswa komsindo: kusukela ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinabantu abaningi.
- Uqinisa umnotho: Ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzekwa okuwusizo emadodeni ngokugxila kwamahlathi nama-boscajes lapho kutholakala khona imikhiqizo eminingi phakathi kwalokhu: Madera, imikhiqizo yokudla okunempilo nemithi futhi ngokufanayo, imikhiqizo yezimboni ehlanganisa i-resin (varnish) kanye/noma imicu, okothambisa, nokunye.
- Banikeza ukwesekwa: Ezolimo, ngokulondolozwa kwemvelo/imfuyo/abalimi/ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo.
- Nikeza izingosi zokungcebeleka: Ngokusebenzisa okuthiwa yizitshalo zasemadolobheni, lapho isebenzelana nenani labantu abaningi ngokweqile.
Indlela yokunakekela i-Flora kanye neMvelo?
Ngenxa yezinkomba ezihlukene zokubaluleka, singaqonda ukuthi izimbali zibaluleke kangakanani ezinhlotsheni zazo ezihlukene noma ngokwezigaba ezingaphansi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kanye nokongiwa kokuba khona kwezidalwa eziphilayo, ukulondolozwa kwendawo ngayinye yalezi zindawo kuyadingeka ngokuphuthumayo, eziye zaba khona. kunqunywe ukuthi kubalulekile kubantu ngabanye.
Ukunakekelwa kwayo kwethulwa njengocingo olucashile lokunakwa, ngoba kuncike kumuntu kuphela ukuthi ukuphila emhlabeni kungaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kusezandleni nakunembeza womuntu kuphela okuyisixazululo.
Ukuze sinakekele siphakamisa okulandelayo:
- Memezela amaphrojekthi okuqwashisa mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo, ezindaweni lapho umphakathi ugxile khona kanye neqhaza lomuntu ngamunye elinomthelela ekunakekeleni nasekugcinweni okujwayelekile kwamapaki nezindawo zokungcebeleka ezahlukene.
Imibono Emisha Yokuqwashisa
Inhloso ibekwe endaweni eyodwa emathubeni okuqeda noma yimuphi umcimbi oklama ukudala inhlekelele futhi umphumela wawo ogcina usongo olucashile engxenyeni enkulu yabantu.
Iziphakamiso ezethulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zifika zizokwenza okufanayo ngamagama ahlukene njengoba okuwukuphela kwensiza esebenzayo esinayo wukugxila kwethu sonke ukumisa izehlakalo ezidala ukuhlakazeka kweplanethi, ngokungcola.
Kufanele sibe nombono oqondile futhi sisebenze sicabanga ukuthi sizoyifeza injongo yethu njengoba siqhubeka.
- Imikhuba yokuhlwanyela ezingeni lemvelo.
- Iqala izinsuku zokugaywa kabusha.
- Ukusebenzisana nokugcinwa kwezindawo eziluhlaza.
ekulawuleni
Ngokuphathelene nengxenye yokulawula, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziningi ukuze ukwazi ukulungisa yonke into ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi ibilokhu ihlanekezela noma ihlanekezela ngendlela yokuthi ize ibangele ukuphuka okukhulu kakhulu, inhloso ukuxazulula. noma unciphise izenzakalo ezingaba yingozi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ze-ecosystem noma izindawo.
Izilawuli eziphawuleka kakhulu ezinesisindo yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Indawo yokuqala ithathwa umsebenzi "wokugawula" noma ukusika, ngendlela enganakile ehlanganisa "ukugawulwa kwamahlathi" ngokwedlulele noma okukhulu kakhulu.
- Phakathi kwezinye izenzakalo, imililo ihlangana ngaphandle kwezinyathelo, eziqhutshwa imililo emikhulu ukuze kudaleke izinhlobo ezikhanyayo, lezi ekugcineni zishiya iminonjana engathandeki ngenxa yokubonakaliswa kwemililo ephelayo, ephawula uhlaza ngomonakalo ojulile.
- Izindlela zamanzi ezivelele, kanye nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene eyakhiwe ku-ecosystem idinga ukuhlanzwa osebeni lwemithambeka yayo, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi lo mbono noma ukubhekwa kufanele kufinyelele emachibini nasezilwandle, uma sizigcina siqaphile singagwema ingxenye yokungcola.
- Ngenxa yezizathu eziningi sonke siyazi ukubaluleka kwamanzi.
Ukuvikelwa Nokuphatha
Ngemva kokudalula lokho okungase kutholwe okuvame ukuvela ezenzakalweni naseziqeqeshini ezishiwo, ngokunengqondo sizosho ngokuphathelene nalokhu ukuthi ukunaka okuphelele okusekelwe ekulawuleni kutholakala kubalulekile, ngokulandela leli qiniso elikhulu, ukuphatha okulungile noma ukuphatha kubaluleke ngendlela efanayo. usihole ngaphandle kokwesaba ukungabaza.
Njengoba kuneziqondiso ezihamba kahle kakhulu nokuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo zigxile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo kanye nasemahlathini njengoba kungancikile ekuhlolweni kodwa ekwenzeni izenzo ezishiya inqubekelaphambili egxilile ngenxa yalokho, kungazelelwe kungase kubonakale kungacacile, kodwa iqiniso liyakufakazela ukuthi sibheka lezi zimo, kungale ndlela kuphela lapho siyonikeza khona isivikelo esisidingayo.
Kungenziwa Kanjani Ukwakha Kabusha Nokulondoloza?
Thina bantu sizibophezele emsebenzini wokunakekela nokwakha, ukubuyisela konke okusihlinzeka ngezinzuzo.Phakathi kwalezi zimpikiswano, umlayezo olungile wokusebenzela ukufeza ukongiwa kwendawo yethu lapho imvelo ihlala khona ucace bha.
Siyaphinda futhi, kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu azinikele ekunikeleni ingxenye encane kulo msebenzi.Kubo, igalelo labo lingabonakala lingabalulekile kakhulu, kepha kulo msebenzi ofunwayo, ubaluleke kakhulu.
Izimbali nezilwane
Incazelo yezitshalo nezilwane ibilokhu ibhekwe kakhulu futhi, empeleni, umqondo onjalo ugqanyiswa kakhulu futhi ubuye ufane izikhathi eziningi ngenxa yokubona ukuthi umuntu uye waqonda ukuthi ziyizinsiza ezivela emvelweni uqobo ezigxila kakhulu emvelweni. ukubaluleka okukhulu kwenqubekelaphambili empilweni.
Lokho akukhombisi nje kuphela kumuntu kodwa nakho konke okunamandla okuphefumula, maqondana nalokhu singasho kalula izilwane nezitshalo, lezi akuzona ezezizwe, nakuba ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomthombo we-biotic osekela futhi usekela i-ecosystem.
