I-gorilla iyinkawu enezinto eziningi ezifanayo kubantu, ziyizilwane ezinamandla amakhulu, amandla nobukhulu, zigcwele ubukhosi obukhulu. Manje sesizokwazi kabanzi, izici zayo ze-gorilla, izinhlobo, phakathi kwabanye.
izici gorilla
Ama-gorilla akala phakathi kuka-1,65 kuya ku-1.75. Kukhona izimo gorilla eziye zakwazi ukukala ngaphezu kwalokhu ukuphakama isilinganiso, sifinyelele 2 amamitha ukuphakama. Abesilisa bavame ukuba nesisindo esiphakathi kuka-135 kuya ku-200 kg, abesifazane banesisindo esiyingxenye yaleso. Ziyakwazi ukuma nokuhamba ngezinyawo ezimbili, kodwa zincamela ukuba yimilenze emi-4 isikhathi esiningi.
Esinye sezici zayo ezinkulu umhlathi wayo ophumile kanti njengabantu nawo banazo izigxivizo zeminwe. Ngokuvamile, igazi lakhe liwuhlobo B, zonke izinzwa zakhe zithuthuke ngendlela engavamile, ukubona kwakhe kuyisibonelo esicacile njengoba i-gorilla ikwazi ukubona nokuhlukanisa yonke imibala ngokuphelele.
Habitat
Atholakala enkabeni ye-Afrika, ikakhulukazi eCentral African Republic, eCongo, eCameroon, eGuinea, eGabon, e-Uganda, eRwanda naseNigeria. Atholakala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasemahlathini, ngenxa yobuningi bezitshalo ezenza kube lula umsebenzi wokuthola ukudla kwawo.
Ukudla
Ama-gorilla yizilwane ezidla imifino, adla izithelo, amakhambi, iziqu kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo, ingxenye encane yokudla kwabo iqukethe izinambuzane ezifana nezintuthwane, izintuthwane kanye neminenke namacimbi, i-gorilla ingadla ngaphezu kwe-16 kilos yokudla ngayinye. usuku.
Ukuziphatha
Kumaqembu ama-gorilla kukhona njalo umholi, ongu-"silverback". Uphethe ukuqondisa iqembu lakhe elingafika ku-30 amalungu, uzibophezele ekugcineni ukuhleleka, ukuzinza nokuvikeleka kweqembu, uyena othola ukudla okuningi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-gorilla, kuhlanganisa amandla akhe amakhulu nokubusa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye, izinja zayo zinde futhi zinamandla.
Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi insizwa encane noma elinye iqembu lizobekela inselele owesilisa we-alpha, ozophendula inselele ngokuklabalasa ngenkathi eshaya isifuba sakhe kanzima futhi ebonisa amazinyo akhe amakhulu, ebhubhisa yonke into ezungezile.
Icala lokuthi iduna le-alpha lifa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene njengokugula, ukulwa, ukuzingela, phakathi kwezinye izizathu; iphakethe ayephethe lizohlukana lifuna owesilisa omusha we-alpha, umphathi angakwazi ukulawula lelo phakethe, inzalo yowesilisa wangaphambili we-alpha ngezinye izikhathi ibhekana nesiphetho esidabukisayo sokubulawa umphathi wephakethe elisha.
Lapho abesilisa abancane behlukana neqembu, bathatha uhambo olungathatha iminyaka emi-5, olungaphelezelwa uma bethanda. Kulolu hlelo uzobheka abesifazane azogana nabo. Ama-gorilla alala kusukela emahoreni ayi-12 kuye kwayi-13, awalali endaweni eyodwa kabili, alungiselela indawo ethile yosuku nenye ebusuku, uma kwenzeka abanye abasha beyizintandane, owesilisa we-alpha weqembu uphethe ukunakekela.
Ukuzala
Ama-gorilla anesithembu, ikakhulukazi "i-silverback" ye-alpha male. Asikho isikhathi esichaziwe sokukhwelana kuma-gorilla, abesifazane ngokuvamile banokuvuka kwabo ngokocansi phakathi kweminyaka engu-8 no-9 ubudala, kodwa empeleni baqala ukukhiqiza lapho beneminyaka engu-10 ubudala, abesilisa bafinyelela ukuvuthwa phakathi kweminyaka engu-11 no-13 ubudala.
Isikhathi sokumitha kwayo sithatha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili nengxenye, ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi esiyiminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-4 ukuze ibe nenye inzalo, inzalo ihlala phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 nonina, iminyaka yokuphila kwayo ngokwesilinganiso iphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-50. , ama-gorilla ambalwa yeqa leyo nombolo, ubuningi okwamanje yiminyaka engama-54.
izinhlobo gorilla
Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili lapho ngayinye ine-subspecies yayo. Ososayensi bakhulume nge-subspecies yesithathu ye-gorilla yasempumalanga ebizwa ngokuthi i-gorilla bwindi, eyezintaba ezinegama elifanayo, kodwa abakaze bakuthole ukusho ngesiLatini.
Kukhona i-gorilla yasentshonalanga izinhlobo zayo ezingaphansi kwamagorila asentshonalanga kanye ne-Cross River gorilla. Olunye uhlobo lwe-gorilla isempumalanga ehlukaniswe phakathi kwe-gorilla yasezintabeni ne-lowland gorilla.
Ngaphambi kokuthi kunenkolelo yokuthi kwakukhona uhlobo olulodwa lwe-gorilla, kodwa ngenxa yezifundo kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-gorilla zihlukaniswe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-1,75 edlule.
Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-gorilla awubonakali kakhulu, ziyahlukahluka ngesimo sobuso bawo, zigqamisa ukuma okuhlukile kwekhala lawo, i-gorilla yasempumalanga yinde kunegorilla yasentshonalanga, umsindo owukhiphayo namanye amalungu eqembu nawo ahlukile.
izinga lobuhlakani
Ama-gorilla aboniswe ukuthi anamandla amakhulu obuhlakani nokuqonda. Amaphethini okuziphatha abonwe lapho, endaweni abahlala kuyo, basebenzisa izinsiza ezahlukene kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke ukuze baphumelele kakhulu ezenzweni zabo futhi bakhulise inhlalakahle yokuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke.
Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi bangakwazi kanjani ukukala ukujula kwamanzi ngenduku, bahlephule ukhukhunathi ngamatshe, noma bazivikele ngezinto ezihlukahlukene zezinye izilwane, kwakukhona ngisho negorila okuthiwa uKoko elakwazi ukufunda ulimi lwezandla, ngaphandle kokungabaza okuthile. ezehlukile futhi umxhwele.
Ingozi yokuqothulwa
Lesi silwane okwamanje sisengozini yokushabalala ngenxa yomonakalo omkhulu owenziwe indawo yaso ngenxa yethonya labantu.
Iphinde ibe nezingozi eziningi ngenxa yokuzingela, abaningi bafuna lesi silwane ukuze bathole inyama yaso futhi bayithengise njengenye indlela engavamile engavamile, ukuba nethole elilodwa njalo eminyakeni emi-4 akusizi kakhulu ukubuyisela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhathazeka ngale ndaba. lapho inkawu izithola ikuyo.
Ungashiyi ngaphandle kokufunda lezi zihloko ezilandelayo: