Inkolo ngayinye, eqondwa njengesimiso sezinkolelo enkonzweni yokholo nesisekelo esilawula ukuziphatha komuntu, icabanga iqoqo lemikhuba noma imicikilisho, okuthi, eyenziwa yilabo abazishoyo, isebenzele ukuyihlanganisa. Ngokulandelayo, kwethulwa amasiko obuKristu.
Mayelana nobuKristu
Lapho ubukeza umlando wesintu, ukuthambekela kokungqubuzana kubonakala kuwo, izazi-mlando eziningi ezingochwepheshe zithi ukungqubuzana, impi itholakala kubantu. Izimbangela zokungqubuzana zingahluka: ezomnotho, izindawo, amasiko, ezenhlalakahle; Izizathu eziyinkulungwane zingase zibonakale zidala ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabantu, nokho, isici senkolo sigqama njengesiqalo sokungqubuzana phakathi kwabantu, amasiko, noma impucuko.
Ukuzama ukuphoqelela omunye, indlela yakho yokucabanga ngoNkulunkulu noma indlela yokubona umhlaba ngeso lengqondo, ebonwa emfundisweni ekhuthazwa uNkulunkulu, kuye kwaba imbangela yezingxabano ezimbi. Egameni lalabo nkulunkulu, kuye kwavela izingxabano ezinkulu, lapho abantu ngisho namasiko ewonke bacekelwa phansi, bavikela noma bathethelela isenzo sobudlova emcabangweni othiwa kaNkulunkulu.
Izimpi ezidumile zezimpi zenkolo, phakathi kuka-1096 no-1202 AD. C., zadalwa, okungukuthi, imbangela yazo yempi, kwakuwukubuyiselwa kwezindawo ezingcwele lapho umesiya uJesu azalelwa khona, lezi zifunda zazithathwe amabutho aseTurkey; kodwa sijula ngempi yempi, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi zazikhona ezinye izimbangela, umlando ochazayo ongazisho.
Lokhu kungaba wukwanda okungenamkhawulo kwesibalo sabantu ngaleso sikhathi, kanye nemithelela yezomnotho edalwe yilokhu, kanye nokusimama kweMpumalanga Ephakathi, njengendawo yokumba imakethe kanye nezinsiza. Kodwa, ngomlando ongokomthetho, okwashukumisa amagagasi amane ezimpi ezibizwa ngokuthi iziMpi Zenkolo, phakathi kwezwe lamaKristu aseNtshonalanga nezwe lama-Arabhu angamaMuslim, kwakuwukuphoqelela umbono wokuphila, obonakala ngokukholwa kuNkulunkulu.
Khona-ke inkolo yenkolo, isici esiyisisekelo sokubonisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo komlando wempucuko yabantu, ukuba ubuKristu, uma kungeyona into ebaluleke kakhulu ekubonakalisweni kwenkolo yomhlaba, ngokungangabazeki kuphakathi kwezinkolelo zokuqala ezifanele kakhulu. Sincoma ukuthi ufunde isihloko esilandelayo: Igama labaPhostoli abayi-12
Lokhu, hhayi nje ngenxa yenani lamakholwa eliwahlanganisayo (kulinganiselwa ukuthi namuhla kunabantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2400 emhlabeni abamukela inkolo yobuKrestu njengenkolo yabo), kodwa nangenxa yokubaluleka komlando enakho ekuguqukeni kwesiko. kanye nobuntu. Okungcono noma okubi kakhulu, akekho uchwepheshe obeka ngaphandle ukuhlobana kwakho ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo komlando womhlaba.
UbuKristu buqalwa ngenxa yokuzalwa kukaJesu eBetlehema, umphakathi waseJudiya, namuhla u-Israyeli, futhi ngenxa yalokho, uhambo lwakhe lokuzungeza umhlaba ngaleso sikhathi, esakaza imibono yakhe yenkolo. Ukuba khona kukaJesu kukhulu kangangokuthi wahlukanisa umlando waba izinkathi ezimbili, ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe nangemva kokufa kwakhe, usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa lubhekwa njengonyaka onguziro.
Wayenabahlanganyeli abakhulu kubafundi bakhe ekusakazeni isigijimi sakhe, labalingiswa bahamba bekhulisa ubuKristu emhlabeni wonke wangaleso sikhathi, ezimweni eziningi bethola ukufa, njengabaphostoli uPetru noPawulu.
AmaKristu ashushiswa iziphathimandla zombuso wamaRoma ngezikhathi ezihlukene, ngesikhathi sokuhlala kweRoma njengombuso ophakeme kunawo wonke, nokho, ukuqiniseka ngokholo lwamaKristu kwawagcina eqinile futhi kwawenza amelana ngokuqinile nokuhlasela isikhathi eside; kwaze kwaba yilapho amandla ezombusazwe afanayo enciphisa ingcindezelo.
Okokuqala kwakunguMbusi uGallienus, owakhipha isinqumo sokubekezelela kwakhe (ngo-260 AD); kwase kuthi uConstantine wamemezela ubuzwe embusweni (ngo-313 AD), ekhuthaza ukwamukelwa kobuKristu emphakathini, ukuze kamuva abuvume njengenkolo esemthethweni yombuso.
UbuKrestu buthathwa njengenkolo ka-Abrahama, okungukuthi, kanye nobuSulumane nobuJuda, bahlanganyela izici ezinjengalezi: ukugcwaliseka kweziprofetho ngokufika kwendodana kaNkulunkulu, ngaphezu kokucabangela abanye abaprofethi, abanjengoMose no-Abrahama; bakholelwa nasekufeni kwendodana kaNkulunkulu ebethelwe esiphambanweni, njengesici sokuhlanzwa kwamandla esono omuntu.
Igama likaKristu livela kwelesiGriki elithi Chistianos, okusho ukuthi umfundisi, umesiya, ngenxa yalokho, leli gama lisikisela, lowo othintwa uMoya oNgcwele noma ogcotshwe ngoNgcwele. Umlando wezwe laseNtshonalanga awukwazi ukucatshangelwa ngaphandle kokucabangela ukuxhumana kwawo nokuvela komcabango wobuKristu; Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuKristu bavela futhi babhekana nezinkinga zabo zangaphakathi njengenhlangano.
Kulezi zihlanganiso, kuvela imithambeka yobuKristu, njengale: yamaKhatholika, amaProthestani nama-Orthodox. Phakathi kwazo kunokwehluka kokukhulelwa kodwa bagcina ukuhlobana, njengamasiko athile, isibonelo, umkhosi wobhapathizo, ukugcinwa kwesiphambano njengophawu lobunkulunkulu, nokuhlaziywa nokuchazwa kweBhayibheli njengomthombo weqiniso.
Imikhosi yobuKristu bamaKatolika
Imikhuba yobuKristu bamaKatolika, ibhekisela kusethi yemikhuba ehlotshaniswa nokutshalwa kokholo kuNkulunkulu uBaba, nezinye izibalo ezakha isethi yonkulunkulu, ngaphakathi kweSonto LamaKatolika. Lezi zinqubo ziye zasiza ukukhiqiza imikhuba emihle, ukuhlakulela ukholo nokulawula yonke imisebenzi yomuntu ngamunye kanye neqoqo kanye nezenzakalo zeBandla.
Enye indlela yokugcina ubizo lwamakholwa kunkulunkulu othile ihlanganisa imikhosi yenkolo noma amasiko. Ngale mikhuba, izinhlangano zamasiko ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa nezenkolo, zikhuthaza imisebenzi yemikhosi emakholwani ayo evuselela umuzwa wokuba seqenjini. Injalo indaba yemikhuba yobuKristu ezofeza le njongo.
Kodwa into eyisisekelo ngalokhu ukuthi ngokusebenzisa amasiko, ukholo oludingekayo kumuntu luyahlanganiswa, ukuze kuzuzwe ingokomoya elifanele, noma nje ukwazisa ukuthi lingakanani izinga, ukuzibophezela komuntu siqu nenkolo ayenzayo.
UJesu Kristu, ohambweni lwakhe emhlabeni wasemhlabeni, akashiyanga nje kuphela ubufakazi bezwi lakhe, waphinde wanikeza uchungechunge lwemikhuba ethathwa njengeyisisekelo ngaphakathi kwengqikithi yenkolo yobuKristu; Le mikhuba yobuKrestu ezinsukwini zakuqala yayisenziwa ngasese, ngokwesaba ukuhlaselwa.
Kodwa kamuva, lapho ubuKristu buba nesisekelo, baba imikhosi esakazwa kabanzi; Okokuqala futhi ngenjongo eyisisekelo yokushumayela ivangeli, kwenziwa imikhosi yokudumisa iNkosi, inkazimulo yayo yaphakade, ukuba khona kwayo phakathi kwethu, ukufa kwayo nokuvuka kwakhe okwalandela; nokusungula nezinyathelo ezithathwa njengezahlulelo kanye nemibandela yokwenza amasiko.
Imikhuba yobuKrestu, yayithuthuka futhi ijwayelana nezimo zenkonzo ngenjongo ethile; bese kuvela amasiko njengesikhumbuzo noma umgubho, umngcwabo kanye nokungcweliswa, phakathi kokunye. Okulandelayo, sizobona ukuthi iyiphi imikhosi yamaKhatholika ebaluleke kakhulu yobuKristu.
Ubhapathizo
Enye yemikhuba ethandwa kakhulu yobuKrestu yisidlo esingcwele sombhabhadiso, lapho umntwana ephuma ekubeni yisidalwa sikaNkulunkulu, abe yindodana yakhe; ngalo mkhosi lowo muntu ungeniswa enkolweni yamaKhatholika yobuKristu; Kunconywa ukwenza lesi siko phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokuphila kwengane. Nokho, kunoma yisiphi isigaba sempilo uma sifunwa, leli sakramente lingafinyelelwa.
Isiqinisekiso
Lokhu kuhlanganisa imikhuba yobuKristu, isinyathelo sesibili sokufakwa kubizo lobuKristu lobuKhatholika, yisikhathi lapho osemusha phakathi kweminyaka eyi-12 neyi-16, eqinisekisa inhloso yakhe yokwamukela ubuKatolika njengokholo lwakhe; kuthiwa lapha kulesi siko umuntu wesithathu kaZiqu-zintathu, uMoya oNgcwele, ubalulekile. Lo mcimbi uqinisa ukholo lwethwasa.
ukuphenduka
Ukuphenduka, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukuvuma izono, kuwumkhuba amakholwa abonisa ngawo ukuphenduka ngokona, ngokungenzi, ngomcabango noma ngesenzo; ukuvuma izono kuvusa umusa waphezulu ekholweni futhi lokhu kuba yisihlangu kubo bonke ububi, kumgcina kude nezono.
i-ekaristi
Le nqubo yesiko, lapho ozinikele ethatha umzimba negazi likaKristu, ifinyelelwa ngokungenisa umninikhaya kanye newayini elingcwelisiwe. Umkhosi waziwa nangokuthi iSidlo Esingcwele noma ukunikezelwa kuNkulunkulu, lapho umuntu ethola umusa weNkosi ngokumelene nezono ezimzungezile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezenyama noma ezinkulu.
Umshado
Kulomkhosi, owesilisa nowesifazane babuthana ngaphansi kwengubo yomusa kaNkulunkulu eyisivikelo, ukuze bathole abantwana, babafundise, basizane futhi basizane. Umshado umelela ukuvivinywa kokwethembeka nokwethembeka phakathi kombhangqwana, ulingisa umuzwa ofanayo nalowo uNkulunkulu uBaba ayenawo ngesintu.
ISakramente Lokuhleleka
Le nqubo ngaphakathi kwemikhuba yobuKristu, ivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwabantu abafuna ukuba yizinceku zikaNkulunkulu, isikhathi esigcwele, okungukuthi, babe yizikhonzi zokukhulekela, babe amathuluzi, izinsimbi noma umzila osebenza njengokuxhumana phakathi kukaNkulunkulu uBaba kanye nabanye ubuntu. ISakramente leZimiso eziNgcwele ligcwaliseka ngamazinga amathathu: (a) e-Episcopate; (b) kwePresbyterate kanye (c) neDikhonithi.
Kuma-Episcopate: kuleli zinga inhloso ukuqeqesha umvangeli omkhulu (uMbhishobhi), okufanele abe nolwazi olubanzi ngezinkonzo zenkolo yobuKristu, njengoba le ndima ilingisa indima eyafezwa abaPhostoli abaNgcwele. KumaPresbyterate: kuleli zinga abapristi bayabandakanyeka, njengabahlanganyeli bababhishobhi, njengoba kufanele balinganise amasakramente ebandla, futhi bafundise ukungcwelisa.
Lezi zikhulu zesonto zihlala zithanda ukuba ndawonye nabampofu kakhulu, abantu abaswele kakhulu bepherishi, uma kunjalo, babuye babizwe ngokuthi ngabefundisi besonto. Ezingeni likaDikoni lifuna ukuyala abantu ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izinkonzo ezahlukene zobufundisi, ngalo mqondo, bangabahlanganyeli emsebenzini wabaBhishobhi nabaPristi, isibonelo: ekuqalisweni kwemishado, ukubhapathizwa nemingcwabo, phakathi kokunye.
Ukugcotshwa Kwabagulayo
Ngalo mkhosi, isonto livikela iziguli zalo, lizinikeze ukuthula okungokomoya ezikudingayo ukuze zikwazi ukunqoba isimo sazo sempilo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sinzima kangakanani. Okubalulekile wukuzinikela kuNkulunkulu futhi ngaye, ucele ukuthethelelwa kwezono ezenziwe; Ekugcineni, okufunwayo wukuqinisa umphefumulo. Lona omunye wemikhuba yobuKristu, enikeza induduzo eyengeziwe kubantu ababona ikusasa labo lingaqinisekile.
Izimpawu Zemicikilisho YobuKristu
Ochwepheshe ekuziphatheni komphakathi kanye nasekubonakalisweni kwamasiko omuntu, izazi zezenhlalo, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo kwezenhlalo, izazi ze-anthropologists, zithi amasiko kubantu, ukugcwaliseka kwawo kanye nokwakheka kwawo, kuzoncika ezicini zeqembu, isithakazelo salo, kanye nenjongo ezotholwa; noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqembu lezidalwa ezenza lo mkhuba, kunamanani ajwayelekile awela bonke amasiko.
Isibonelo, ngokuvamile uma ufuna ukujoyina umphakathi, kungase kudingeke udlule emcimbini wokusoka. Mayelana nalokhu, kube nokwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi zonke izenzo ezihambisana nesiko zinezimpawu ezithile; imikhuba yobuKristu ayiphunyuki kulesi simo. Ngezansi izici eziphawuleka kakhulu.
Izingqinamba: Imikhuba yezenkolo noma cha, yakhiwe ngaphansi kweqoqo lezimpawu nezimpawu okufanele zibonakale kumongo wazo, ngokweqembu kanye nesikhathi lapho umcimbi wenziwa khona. Ngokuvamile zilayishwa ngokunganembile, i-subjectivism, ukungahambisani okubonakalayo kanye nokubonakaliswa okuthintekayo ngokomzwelo. Ngakho imvelo yayo eyinkimbinkimbi.
Iphinda: Amasiko asebenzela ukulinganisa ukuziphatha kwabantu, ukusungula iziqondiso noma izinhlobo zokuziphatha, ngakho-ke umkhuba wabo noma ukuvivinya umzimba kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba okufunwayo ukuguqula isenzo, iqiniso eliphindaphindiwe libe isiko, umkhuba. , lokho kuhlala kukhona engqondweni yomuntu.
I-Intersubjectivity: Lesi sici sibhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi amasiko asekelwe ngokuyisisekelo esimweni sokuhlangana somuntu; Ukuhlanganiswa kwabo komphakathi kufanele kufunwe, ikakhulukazi uma benezintshisakalo nezindinganiso ababelana ngazo, futhi uma kungenjalo, okungukuthi, uma kungekho ubudlelwano, inhloso kungaba ukuthola amaphuzu afanayo angathuthukiswa. kube kuhle kubo bonke.
Ezenkolo: Lapho amaqembu ehlangana, aqala ukukhiqiza noma ukwenza izenzo, okungukuthi, ukukhiqiza isiko; Lapho imikhosi ibonakala, iqembu licindezela ukuba wonke umuntu ahambisane nayo futhi ngokusebenzisa kwabo ukuzuza ukuhlonza okufiswayo kuzindinganiso, izici zamasiko nezinkolelo.
Okomphakathi: Njenganoma yiliphi iqembu, kuhlale kunesifiso sokuzuza ukuhlanganiswa okuhle, kungenxa yokuqashelwa kwamagugu namasiko ahlanganyelwa yibo bonke, ukuthi iqembu lingathola ukubumbana okuhle, futhi ngale ndlela lizuze ubunikazi obugcwele.
amasiko omngcwabo
Kuvamile ukubona emingcwabeni yamasiko ahlukahlukene, noma emaqenjini ahlukene, ukuphathwa kokufa njengenkathi eyinkimbinkimbi engokomzwelo, njengoba kuphakamisa isikhathi lapho umphefumulo uzihlukanisa khona nomzimba wawo futhi uye kwenye indiza; lokhu kukhombisa isikhathi sokulila, ukudabuka kweqembu kanye nomndeni kamufi.
Isiko lomngcwabo elihambisana nabalilayo, izihlobo nabangane bakamufi, lizoncika, emhlanganweni walo, izici nokubulawa, ezicini eziningi: ezamasiko, zezenhlalo, zezenhlalo-mnotho kanye nezenkolo. Enye indlela yokubona ukuthi umufi wayekuyiphi inkolo iwukugcina isiko elaliqhutshwa emngcwabeni wakhe.
Esikweni lomngcwabo wamaKristu, ukuhlelwa kwawo kunenjongo yokuba hhayi kuphela abalilayo bawo abaqondile (amadoda, umama, izingane) babonise ubuhlungu, kodwa futhi kuhlelwe ukuze umphakathi ubambe iqhaza futhi uhileleke ngangokunokwenzeka kulo msebenzi. Lonke isiko liyoxhomeka enkolelweni kamufi naleyo umkhaya ocabanga ukuthi iyasebenza ngokuvumelana nezinkolelo zawo ezingokwenkolo. Sincoma ukuthi ufunde isihloko esilandelayo: Imikhuba yobuBuddha
Origen
Kuwo wonke umlando wesintu, kuyaziwa ukuthi ukufa kusho umzuzu ophakeme, uma kubhekwa umlingiswa wokugcina wokuba khona. Kunamarekhodi okuthi ezikhathini ezikude, indoda yenza umcimbi othile ngomqondo wokuvalelisa kumufi. Le mikhosi iyehlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isikhathi, isifunda namasiko, konke lokhu kuphazanyiswe izinkolelo amaqembu ayeyenzile ayenazo ngokufa.
Kunezibonelo eziningi mayelana nezici zala masiko omngcwabo, wonke anenhloso efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, kubantu basenyakatho yeYurophu, ukubeka isidumbu esihlengeni, ukusiphonsa olwandle futhi basithungela ngomlilo ngemicibisholo, kwakuyindlela yabo yokubonisa inhlonipho kumuntu oshonile, ngaphambi kokuba bakhuphukele kwenye indiza yokuphila.
Kunoma yikuphi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyini umkhuba, ezinkolelweni eziningi zenkolo, kukhona inkolelo-mbono yesimo esingapheli sokuphila, nokufa kwasemhlabeni kuyisinyathelo esibheke kwesinye isimo sokuphila, sokugcwala okukhulu, okugcwele ukuthula, ukuzola, kanye nempilo enhle, okuphakade. Lo mbono wokuphila ngemva kokufa uye waphawula izinkolelo eziningi zenkolo, enye yazo umKristu ongumKatolika ukuba acabange ukuhamba kwale ndiza, njengethuba lokuhlangana noNkulunkulu.
Inhloso
Ngaphakathi kwezwe lobuKristu lobuKatolika, kuyaqondakala ukuthi lapho umuntu efa, udlula enye indiza yasemhlabeni; umqondo ophathwayo owokuthi ahambe ayohlangana noNkulunkulu uBaba, ngalo mqondo, isenzo somngcwabo sisiza umndeni ubuhlungu ngokushonelwa othandekayo, uzizwe ududuzekile futhi ubuhlungu noma ukuhlupheka kwabo kuyancipha.
Ezweni lamaKhatholika, ngaphakathi kwenkolo yawo, kwenziwa imicikilisho emibili ngaphambi kwesenzo somngcwabo, eyodwa iwukuthi Ukugcotshwa Kwabagulayo, okuyinto, njengoba kwaziwa, izama ukududuza abagulayo ekuhluphekeni kwabo; kanye ne-Recommendation of the Souls, lapho umuntu osevele eshonile ethandaza ngomqondo wokumlungiselela ukuze umphefumulo wakhe ufinyelele kuNkulunkulu.
Esinye isici okufanele sinqunywe ekumisweni kwesenzo somngcwabo, sibhekisela ezinkolelweni ezishunyayelwa iSonto LamaKatolika, ukuthatha izwi likaJesu; ibandla likholelwa ekuphileni ngemva kokufa, ekuhlukaneni komphefumulo nomzimba, ekuphileni okuphakade nasekuvukeni kwabafileyo. Lezi zindawo zifanelekile umngcwabo.
Ngokuqondene nezici ezingokomthetho ezakha isiko ngokwalo, kuningi ukuguquguquka, oshonile akufanele agqoke ngendlela ethile, kunconywa ukuba abeke isiphambano esilula esifubeni, futhi akudingekile izingubo ezihlelekile kulabo abakhona. ukuvuka, ibhokisi kufanele libekwe endaweni ebonakalayo, ukuze lihlonishwe umndeni, abangani nabajwayelene nabo; umqondo wukuthi kukhona ukuvalelisa okokugcina. Ngemva kokuvuka, kwenziwa imisa.
Zonke izenzo zemingcwabo zinenhloso okungeyona enye ngaphandle kokwamukela ukuthi lowo muntu ushonile futhi lesi simo kufanele sithathwe njengesingenakulungiseka, njengento engokoqobo engenakuguqulwa. Inkolelo yokuthi umufi udlulela ekuphileni okungcono isiza ekududuzeni izihlobo zabo.
Umkhosi womufi ngaphakathi kobuKhatholika, uyakwamukela ukuthi kungenzeka kungcwatshwe umufi noma ukumshiswa, inqobo nje uma inkonzo yamaKhatholika isifezekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, iyakwamukela nokunikelwa kwezitho ukuze kusizwe abanye abantu abadlulayo. isifo esibuhlungu esibeka impilo yakhe engcupheni.
Imikhuba yokuthwasa kwabantu abadala
Kulokhu, ibandla liyavuma ukuthi kungenzeka ukwamukela esifubeni salo bonke labo abadala abafisa ukwamukela ukholo lobuKristu; khumbula ukuthi ukugujwa kobhapathizo kungcono ukuba kwenziwe ezinganeni. Kubantu abadala, kusukela ngo-1962 futhi njengengxenye yefa elashiywa uPapa John XXIII, uchungechunge lwezinguquko lwenziwa esivumelwaneni esiphawula ukuqaliswa komuntu omdala enkolweni yamaKatolika.
Lo mkhuba ohlongozwayo wamukelwa ngo-1972, lapho uPontiff oPhakeme uPaul IV esesikhundleni esikhulu seSonto LamaKatolika. Lapha, amakhatekumeni azisa ngolwazi lwezenkolo oluyisisekelo ukuze aphile ngaphakathi kwenkolo yobuKristu. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zisetshenziswe kule nqubo yokwamukela.
ukwamukelwa ngokuzithandela
Lesi sinyathelo siqukethe ukwamukelwa ngokuzithandela ngokuphelele kwe-catechumen, ukungena enhlanganweni yenkolo yamaKatolika futhi abe umKristu, ethatha ngale ndlela futhi ngaphandle kokucindezelwa, yonke imiyalo iSonto LamaKatolika elifuna kuye.
I catechumen kakade okholweni
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthwasa siphumelele, i-catechumen iqala ukungena ekujuleni kokholo lobuKristu, ithola ulwazi olumvumela ukuba aphathe ngokugcwele izinkonzo zenkolo yobuKristu; Uma ulwazi olushiwo selutholiwe, bese luqhubeka nokwenza isiko elaziwa ngokuthi iSiko Lokukhetha, lapho ozinikele ethola amasakramente angcwele.
Ukwamukela amaSakramente
Kulesi sinyathelo sokugcina, ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuphathwa okufanele kolwazi lwezinkonzo zenkolo yobuKristu, inqubo yabo yokuqala yokuqeqeshwa okungokomoya okuyisisekelo ibhekwa njengeqediwe. Ukusuka lapha uselungele ukwamukela amasakramente angcwele kakhulu futhi ngale ndlela aqale impilo yakhe njengomKristu wamaKhatholika.
Khona-ke, lapho isigaba sokuqala sesiqediwe, umuntu obhekwa njengofaneleka kufanele enelise uchungechunge lwezinyathelo noma izigaba ezibalulekile, uma empeleni efisa ukwamukela ukholo lobuKristu nakanjani nangokwempilo, ngendlela ehlelekile neqinile.
Isigaba sokuqala: Kuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-pre catechumenate, lapha, inqubo yokuvangela iyaqhubeka, imayelana nokugqugquzela emithethweni yenkolo kaNkulunkulu; yisikhathi lapho amathwasa ethulwa ngokusemthethweni ebandleni, kuNkulunkulu uBaba; kumelwe baveze ukuzimisela kwabo ukuthatha izimfundiso zikaJesu ngendlela yobuciko.
Isigaba sesibili: Lesi yisigaba esiqine kakhulu ekuqeqesheni ukuthola ukholo kuKristu. Sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ngokujulile nge-catechization, ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, kwenziwa isiko lokwamukelwa ekhathekhumeni, ngaphezu kokwethulwa okusemthethweni kwabazobhapathizwa, lapho bezwakalisa ukuzimisela kwabo ukukhonza ibandla nokuthola amasakramente. : Ubhapathizo , Isiqiniseko, kanye ne-Ekaristi.
Isigaba sesithathu: Lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu, leso esimele umfutho omkhulu kakhulu, njengoba kuyisikhathi sokwenza ukuguqulwa okuphelele okungokomoya okufunayo, iLent isikhathi esinconywayo sokuhambisana nalesi sigaba, isikhathi sifushane noma sifushane kakhulu, kodwa lokho kudinga ukuzindla okwengeziwe ukufuna ukuqinisa izinkolelo ezingokomoya zekatechumeni. Ngokuthola amasakramente afanele, zonke izono zakho zithethelelwe, ube ngumntwana kaNkulunkulu.
Isigaba sesine: Lesi sikhathi saziwa nangokuthi I-Mystagogy, iyisigaba sokufakwa ngaphakathi kwamasakramente, amakhatekumeni abambe iqhaza, njengamalungu akhuthele omphakathi wawo wobuKristu, futhi angakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yothando, ibizwa ngendlela efanayo nesikhathi sePhasika; lesi sigaba siphetha ngomkhosi wesikhumbuzo sokufa nokuvuka kweNkosi Yethu.
Imikhosi
Zonke izinkolo zinenani elikhulu lemikhosi efayeleni lazo ledatha, lezi zenzo ezingokwesiko zinezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukene, zingaba injabulo, ukuthokoza ngezimo ezithile, kodwa futhi zingaba ukuveza ukulila noma ukuzisola ngesizathu esithile. UbuKristu abubalekela lokhu kucatshangelwa, kuthiwa minyaka yonke iziphathimandla zabo kufanele zilungise amakhalenda azo emisebenzi, zilindele izinsuku zesikhumbuzo ezahlukene.
Njengoba kwashiwo ekuqaleni, ezinye izinsuku ziyinjabulo nenjabulo enkulu, ezinye zidinga ukuhlonipheka okwengeziwe, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi inkonzo yobuKristu ihlanganisa unyaka wonke, futhi, masonto onke, kukhona iholide kubo, ngeSonto, usuku amakholwa athola uMthendeleko. Sizobe sesizama ukucacisa ukuthi yimaphi amasiko anezimpawu zobuKristu.
inkathi yokufika
Lo mgubho uzama noma uzama ukulungisa isimo somoya, ngoba usuku lapho uMntwana uJesu ezalwa, luvula indlela ebheke ebumoyeni obufiswayo ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi; iqala ngeSonto lokugcina likaNovemba futhi iphele ngeSonto lokugcina ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi, kukhona phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-22 kuya kwezingu-28 zemikhosi, engaqali nje ukugujwa koKuzalwa KukaJesu, kodwa futhi iqala unyaka wezinkonzo ezihambisana nemikhuba yobuKristu .
IPentekoste
Lo mgubho unezincazelo ezimbili, kumaJuda nakumaKrestu; okokuqala, ukulethwa kwepulangwe nemiyalo kuMose entabeni yaseSinayi kukhunjulwa; okwesibili, emhlabeni wobuKristu, kusho ukwethulwa kukaMoya oNgcwele kumuntu, wabaphostoli abangcwele. Umgubho wePhentekoste uqeda iPhasika futhi uqhubeke ezinye izinsuku ezingama-50.
Isikhathi sikaKhisimusi
Iphawula umkhosi othandwa kakhulu, wokukhumbula ukuzalwa kukaJesu ngo-December 25, futhi uqhubeke kuze kube u-January 6, usuku uJesu abhapathizwa ngalo; Ubhekwa njengomkhosi wobuKristu onezimpande ezidumile kakhulu futhi lowo okhiqiza ukubonakaliswa kwamasiko kakhulu: imithandazo, izingoma, izingoma, izipho, ukudla, izingubo zokugqoka, konke lokhu okubangelwa ukuzalwa komntwana uJesu. Lezi zinsuku zisetshenziswa abantu ukufeza amasiko obuKristu ahlotshaniswa noKhisimusi (umshado, ubhapathizo, ukuqinisekiswa).
iqembu le-epiphany
Leli qembu linomgomo walo, ukugqamisa izikhathi lapho uJesu, indodana kaNkulunkulu, azibonakalisa khona; ihlanganisa izikhathi ezintathu ezibalulekile ekuphileni kwendodana kaNkulunkulu; owokuqala ugujwa ngo-January 6 lapho uJesu ebhapathizwa uJohane uMbhapathizi eMfuleni iJordani.
Eyesibili yileyo emelela idili elikhulu kunawo wonke, elibonakala ngokuba khona kweZazi Ezintathu eBetlehema, zokuhlonipha uMntwana uJesu osanda kufika; kanti eyesithathu, ilapho uJesu phambi kwabaphostoli bakhe, ebonisa amandla akhe aNgcwele ngokwenza isimangaliso sakhe sokuqala, ngokuphendula amanzi abe iwayini.
Isizini yeLenten
Isetshenziselwa ukugubha i-Easter, okungukuthi, isikhathi uJesu asichitha ogwadule futhi kamuva wabethelwa esiphambanweni. Yisikhathi lapho ikholwa limenywa ukuba lizindle ngokujulile futhi lizihlole. Ihlala cishe phakathi kuka-Ash ngoLwesithathu noLwesine Olungcwele.
Semana Santa
Mhlawumbe lona umgubho obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwemikhuba yobuKristu; kunezinsuku eziyisishagalombili zokukhumbula izikhathi zokugcina zikaJesu, usuku ngalunye luveza isiqephu esiwuphawu lwempilo yendodana kaNkulunkulu, ehambisana nomgubho. Ngezansi isifinyezo sezici ezibalulekile zeVeki Elingcwele.
NgeSonto lePalm: Ibonisa isikhathi lapho uJesu engena ngokunqoba eJerusalema futhi ukufika kwakhe kwagujwa abantu ngokunyakaziswa kwesundu; namuhla amakholwa aya emathempelini ngeSonto lokuqala leSonto Elingcwele, ukuze abusiswe ngamasampula esundu, afana nalawo ayesetshenziswa ngesikhathi sikaJesu.
UMsombuluko Ongcwele: Usuku olubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kwakuyisikhathi lapho uJesu exosha abathengisi ababehlezi ethempelini leNkosi; leli qiniso laphawula ukushushiswa kwendodana kaNkulunkulu, uma kubhekwa iziphathimandla zenkolo zamaJuda zangaleso sikhathi, ukuthi indodana kaNkulunkulu yayimele ingozi kubo nasebandleni ababelimele.
ULwesibili Ongcwele: Yisikhathi lapho umjikelezo wokushushiswa kukaJesu uqala, owawuzofinyelela umvuthwandaba ngokufa kwakhe; Kulolu suku lapho indodana kaNkulunkulu itshela khona abafundi bayo ngokukhashelwa komunye wabo, nokuthi omunye wabalandeli bayo abathandeka kakhulu uzoyiphika kanjani kathathu, ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kuyomelela.
ULwesithathu Ongcwele: Lolu usuku lapho i-Christian Lent iphela futhi inkathi yePhasika iqala, kuwusuku lapho iziphathimandla zenkolo yamaJuda eziphakeme kakhulu zithenga khona, futhi zihlukanise nentando engokomoya yomphostoli uJuda. Iqiniso elaholela ekuthunjweni nasekufeni okwalandela kwendodana kaNkulunkulu.
ULwesine Ongcwele: Ngalolu suku kwenziwa imicikilisho eminingi yobuKristu bamaKatolika, njengokuthi: ukugezwa kwezinyawo, isidlo sakusihlwa sokugcina kanye ne-Ekaristi. Le mikhuba yenziwa phakathi komuzwa omkhulu wobumoya, njengoba indodana kaNkulunkulu yabona kusengaphambili futhi ngaleyondlela yamenza waqonda, usizi olwalumehlela.
ULwesihlanu Ongcwele: Ngalolu suku kukhunjulwa ukubekwa esiphambanweni nokufa kukaJesu, kuyisiko ukuthi amakholwa azile ukudla njengophawu lokukhumbula ngalolo suku futhi emasontweni i-Ekaristian ithathelwa indawo yomkhosi lapho kuqhakanjiswa khona iPasion of Our Lord.
UMgqibelo Ongcwele: Lolu wusuku lokuzilela amasiko obuKristu, njengoba kukhunjulwa ukufa kwendodana kaNkulunkulu esiphambanweni; lolu suku lwaziwa ngokuthi uMgqibelo Wenkazimulo. Futhi kulo mcimbi kugujwa ngomoya omkhulu wenkolo, enye yezinkolelo eziyisisekelo zobuKristu: ukuvuka kukaKristu.
NgeSonto lePhasika: Nakanjani lolu wusuku lwenjabulo emhlabeni wamaKrestu, njengoba kugujwa ukuqedwa kokuvuka kweNkosi yethu; lolu suku lwaziwa nangokuthi iSonto Lodumo, izehlakalo ezenzeka ngalelo Sonto zinethonya elikhulu ezinkolelweni ezithandwayo ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba; ngeSonto Lokuvuka lifinyelela umvuthwandaba weVeki Elikhulu.
Ubhapathizo
Lesi siko, esiwuphawu phakathi kwemikhuba yobuKristu, sakha isakramente lokuthwasa, hhayi lezenkolo yamaKhatholika kuphela; Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, sithola ukuthi ubhapathizo lwenziwa kunoma iyiphi inhlangano yenkolo yobuKristu. Lo mkhosi unemibandela ukuze bakwazi ukuthola amanye amasakramente. Ngokwemfundiso yobuKristu, umuntu obhapathizwayo, usuka ekubeni umuntu nje, abe indodana nendodakazi kaNkulunkulu, ngaphezu kokususa izono, ukuhlanza umuntu obhapathizwayo.
Lomkhosi wenziwa ethempelini lobuKristu, lapho umpristi egeza noma emanzisa ikhanda lomuntu obhapathizwa ngamanzi angcwele; Kulo mkhuba, uZiqu-zintathu Ongcwele usetshenziswa njengento engokomoya eqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokubhapathizwa.
Futhi kulesi senzo se-liturgical, i-godparent kumele ibe khona, okumele ngabe ibhapathiziwe njengesimo; i-godfather ithola ukuzibophezela kokusebenzelana nonkulunkulu wakhe, ekunakekeleni nasemfundweni, uma kwenzeka abazali bengekho; ngaphezu kokunikeza iseluleko esingokomoya esifanelana nomKristu omuhle.
Emgudwini wobhapathizo lwamaKristu, kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukumaka ukufakwa komuntu ezinhlwini zamaKrestu, ngaleyo ndlela kulingisa isakramente elatholwa nguJesu kuJohane uMbhapathizi eMfuleni iJordani. Ngale ndlela, wonke umuntu ozibheka njengomuntu ozinikele kuNkulunkulu futhi oyisishoshovu sokholo lobuKristu kumelwe ukuba ubusisiwe ngalo mkhuba.
Imikhuba nezinkolelo zevangeli
Imikhuba yeBandla labaVangeli ifana eduze nemikhuba yobuKristu beSonto LamaKatolika, futhi lokhu kunengqondo njengoba yomibili inemvelaphi efanayo; nokho, njengoba isikhathi sihamba, ngokuthuthuka komlando, iBandla labaVangeli liye laba nezinguquko, izinguquko, ukuhlukana, noma izindlela ezintsha nje noma izindlela zokuqonda iqiniso lenkolo ziye zavela.
Njengamanje kunohlu olubanzi lwamabandla angahlanganiswa abe yilokho okwaziwa ngelevangeli; singakhomba: Ama-Adventist, ama-Anglican, amaBaptisti, amaLuthela ePentecostal, namaWeseli, phakathi kwabanye. Ngayinye yazo iphawula umehluko ongokwesiko phakathi kwemisinga ehlukene, futhi ngokusobala ngokuphathelene nombono wamaKatolika. Kodwa-ke, sizozama ukuphakamisa lawo maphuzu lapho izitayela zenkolo zevangeli zihlobene khona.
Uhlelo lwakhe lwenkolelo lusekelwe ekuchazeni iBhayibheli njengombhalo oyinhloko, futhi uKristu njengesizinda sakhe esiyinhloko nesikhungo sakho konke ukukhula kwakhe ngokomoya. Yonke imfundiso yakhe isekelwe ekuhlaziyeni nasekushumayeleni iBhayibheli, elibhekwa njengomthombo walo lonke iqiniso. Akuvunyelwe ukuphuma kulokho akushoyo noma kuye.
Minyaka yonke umphakathi wabavangeli uhlangana emhlanganweni obizwa nge-Annual Conference. Kulo mhlangano, badingida izindaba ezithinta ukholo lobuKristu ngokwemibono yabo, bacobelelana ngolwazi phakathi kwabefundisi nabashumayeli bamabandla ahlukene, mayelana nobubanzi bomsebenzi wabo emiphakathini eyahlukene; Le bhalansi ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba umsebenzi ubhekwa kokubili ezinhlelweni zawo ezinhle nasezintweni okufanele zithuthukiswe.
Bonke bakholelwa ovukweni; Emingcwabeni yabo yobuKristu, naphezu kokuzwa ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo, balondoloza ithemba lokuqhubeka nokuba khona kwabo, njengoba bekwazi futhi bakufake ngaphakathi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukweqa kwenye indiza. Bakholelwa kuphela kumasakramente amabili, ubhapathizo kanye neSidlo esiNgcwele.
Abakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokungcwatshwa, kwezimbali, amakhandlela, izingoma, iziphambano noma ukufundwa kweBhayibheli; abakholelwa kunoma yimuphi unkulunkulu ngaphandle kukaKristu; phakathi komphakathi wabavangeli bonke kukhona abazalwane, isibalo somfundisi siyagqama, kodwa akabalulekile kunanoma yimuphi omunye othembekile; akekho umlamuleli phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu, kukhona uJesu kuphela njengendodana kaNkulunkulu, ungumlamuleli. Abefundisi babo akudingekile ukuba babe abangashadile, ngoba bangamadoda futhi kumelwe bazale.
Mayelana nezimo zokuba umfundisi noma umhlahlandlela wevangeli, kuyadingeka ukuba ube nolwazi olukhulu nokuzilungiselela ngokomoya, lokhu kufezwa ngokuqeda izifundo eziningi zokuqeqeshwa kwezenkolo. Nokho-ke kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ebandleni lama-Evangelical akukhulunywa ngobizo oluyisidingo sokuba umfundisi.
Lo mkhakha wempilo yenkolo, noma wezwe lezenkolo, uncamela ukuveza ukuthi okubalulekile ukuze ube umhlahlandlela kamoya ukuzwa uNkulunkulu ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinto; noma ngubani ongafakazela leli qiniso, uyobamba ukubaluleka kokomoya, namandla adingekayo okuba ngumalusi wemihlambi kaNkulunkulu iNkosi Yethu.
Uma uthanda i-athikili yethu, sikumema ukuthi ubuyekeze izihloko ezithakazelisayo ngaphakathi kwebhulogi yethu, njenge: umsunguli we-islam