La i-loggerhead turtle Inekhanda elikhudlwana kunezinye izimfudu, igobolondo elivikela izitho zalo linesimo senhliziyo esikhethekile, okumangalisayo ukuthi futhi linamandla futhi liqinile kunezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, nokho, lolu hlobo lusengozini yokushabalala. Sikumema ukuthi uthole ukuthi kungani.
Ziyini izimfudu ze-Loggerhead?
I-Las I-Tortugas Ziyisigaba sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinegobolondo elivikela izitho zazo ezibalulekile ekushayweni, ekuhlaselweni kwezinye izilwane ezizidlayo futhi zisebenza njengekhaya laphakade kukho konke ukuphila kwazo; ukuthi kwezinye izinhlobo kuba isikhathi eside impela. Lezi zinhlobo zibuye zibizwe ngokuthi izimfudu, kuzo zonke izimfudu ubona imilenze, ikhanda nomsila kuphela.
Ziyizilwane ezikhiqiza amaqanda ezenza izidleke zazo phansi futhi lapho zifukamela amaqanda azo ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ukuze kamuva kufike isikhathi lapho inzalo yazo yesikhathi esizayo izalwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, izimfudu zingaphila iminyaka eminingi, cishe phakathi nosuku. Iminyaka engu-50 kanye neyi-100. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zomfudu, kodwa kulokhu sizokhuluma ngo i-loggerhead turtle noma i-Caretta Carreta, ekhanda layo likhulu kakhulu kunezinye izimfudu, njengoba lilinganiselwa kumasentimitha angu-25 futhi liphuzi ngombala.
I-loggerhead turtle ihlala cishe kuzo zonke izilwandle ekwandiseni iplanethi enamazinga okushisa apholile futhi ashisayo, isibonelo: ulwandle lwasePacific, uLwandle iMedithera, ngaphezu kwe-Atlantic ne-Indian Oceans, noma kunjalo, ngenkathi yasebusika iCaretta. I-Caretta ingena emanzini afudumele, ngokuvamile okungamabhishi eduze kwezixhobo zamakhorali, amachweba anamanzi anosawoti kanye nemithombo yamanzi.
Izici zoFudu lwe-Loggerhead
Lezi zimfudu zaziwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene, enye yazo i-Caretta caretta okuyigama layo lesayensi, kodwa futhi zaziwa ngokuthi ama-loggerhead, loggerhead, cayuse, noma ama-loggerhead turtles. Igama elithi loggerhead turtle linikezwa ukubonga ngenxa yokulubamba kalula abadobi, ufudu olunekhanda elikhulu lubonga ubukhulu bekhanda lalo.
Uma ubheka nje, zonke izibonelo zalolu hlobo zibukeka zifana, noma kunjalo, zingahlukaniswa ngenani lamapuleti amathambo anawo kumagobolondo awo, i-loggerhead turtle Zingaba nesisindo esiphakathi kuka-80 no-200 kilos uma sezikhulile, kuyilapho zinobude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-70 kuya kwangu-95 ubude. Lezi zimfudu yizo zodwa zohlobo lwazo ezihambelana neqembu le-Cheloniidae, phakathi komndeni omkhulu wezimfudu zasolwandle.
Kuyabonakala ukuthi lezi zimfudu zikhethekile ngenxa yobukhulu bazo kanye nempilo ende ezifinyelela kuyo phakathi nomjikelezo wazo wokuphila. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani elikhulu lama-parasites kanye nezidalwa eziphilayo zihlala phezu kwegobolondo lalezi zinhlobo, njenge-barnacle algae, futhi leli gobolondo livame ukuba namathoni ansundu, omnqumo kanye nokubomvu.
Izimfudu zasolwandle okuthiwa ama-loggerhead zithatha uhambo olude kakhulu, empeleni zingolunye lwezimfudu zasolwandle ezinde kunazo zonke ezaziwayo, ngonyaka ama-loggerheads ahamba amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-12.000 ukuya kwamanye amabhishi lapho ahlala khona eJapane, futhi aphinde afinyelele ogwini lwaseMexico lapho adla khona. . Phakathi nohambo lwabo, kufanele bagweme izingwegwe eziningi zabadobi nawo wonke amanetha okudoba olwandle, amelela izingozi ezihlukahlukene nezihlukahlukene kulo mphakathi phakathi nohambo lwawo lwangaphansi kwamanzi.
La ufudu lwasolwandle olusengozini yokushabalala Kuyisihloko okuxoxwa ngaso kabanzi ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, njengoba lezi azikude kakhulu nokushabalala, okukhathaza kakhulu ngoba ufudu olulodwa lwalolu hlobo lukwazi ukuthwala izinto eziphilayo ezicishe zibe yi-100 egobolondweni lalo. lezilwane nezitshalo, okuncike kuyo ukuze iphile, okungesinye isizathu esengeziwe sokubanakekela, ukubavikela nokugcina leyo symbiosis yasolwandle.
I-Loggerhead Turtle feeding
La i-loggerhead turtle iyingxenye ye Izilwane ezi-omnivorous, okungukuthi, badla izitshalo nezilwane, nakuba kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi abantu abadala bakhetha inyama, njengaleyo evela ku-crabs neminenke.
Lezi zimfudu zinokudla okulinganiselayo kakhulu, zingadla izitshalo zasolwandle, ulwelwe, ama-gastropods amancane, izimfanzi, ama-urchins olwandle, izinhlanzi, i-jellyfish, ama-squid, izipontshi, amaqanda ezinhlanzi ngisho ne-sargassum, konke ngenxa yomhlathi wabo oqinile , bese lezi zilwane, kanye nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezihlala olwandle, ziyingxenye yokudla kwazo kwansuku zonke.
I-Loggerhead Turtle Reproduction
Izimfudu ze-Loggerhead ngokuvamile ziba zodwa, nokho, uma kufika isikhathi sokuzalela nokuzala, eyeduna ifuduka iye endaweni lapho eyensikazi ikhona, nakuba inqaba ukugitsheliswa eyeduna phakathi nemizamo yayo yokuqala, kuze kube yilapho eyeduna iphikelela emsebenzini wayo. aphinde akwazi ukumkhweza. Zijwayele ukuzungezana njengengxenye yokukhwelana, kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona abesilisa ababili abafuna insikazi, bese kufanele balwe bese kuthi owinile kube nguye ogcina eyigibele.
Insikazi isilungele ukuya ocansini phakathi kweminyaka eyi-17 nengama-33 ubudala, futhi ukuhlangana kwayo neduna kungathatha amasonto ayisithupha, isikhathi esanele sokuba ithole abalingani abaningana, futhi konke lokhu kwenzeka ekujuleni kolwandle.
Eyeduna ivamise ukuya ocansini phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-30 ubudala, lapho ihlangana nabanye abesilisa bavame ukuluma futhi bahlasele lowo ogibele ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini, okubangela ukulimala okunamandla, ezikhathini eziningi iba bucayi kakhulu kangangokuba kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, nokho naphezu kwazo zonke izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesifazane bangaba nobaba abaningi.
Ngemva kokukhwelana, insikazi ibuyela ogwini lapho izalela khona bese izalela amaqanda ayo esihlabathini, ekuzaleni ngakunye ingabekela amaqanda aphakathi kuka-100 no-130, lokhu kwenzeka phakathi nenkathi kaMeyi no-August, amaqanda aqhuba inqubo yawo yokufukamela ngesikhathi. isikhathi esicishe sibe yizinsuku ezingama-45 kuya kwezingama-95. Amaphuphu alezi zimfudu aphuma eqandeni ehlephula igobolondo futhi ayofuna ulwandle, lapho ezalwa angakala amamilimitha angu-39 futhi anesisindo esingamagremu angu-40.
I-Carettas Carettas isidleke njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili, izikhathi ezine noma ezingu-4 ngesizini, lapho isikhathi ngasinye kuba namaqanda amaningi awagqibayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi achanyuselwe wonke, nokho, endleleni eya olwandle amanye afela ezandleni zezilwane ezidla ezinye eziwaficayo. indlela esuka esihlabathini iye emanzini olwandle.
I-Taxonomy ye-Caretta Caretta
La i-loggerhead turtle eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Cabezona noma i-Loggerhead turtle, ihambisana neqembu le-Cheloniidae, okufanayo kuzo zonke lezi zinhlobo zasolwandle ngaphandle kwe i-leatherback ufudu lwasolwandle. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa kuzakhi zofuzo zamangqamuzana, banqume ukuthi kukhona ukuxutshwa nofudu lwe-bastard..
Imindeni eyahlukene i-loggerhead turtle banokungalingani kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nezimfanelo eziyingqayizivele, isibonelo: esimweni se-caretta turtles ehlala phakathi kwe-C. Caretta kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-hawksbill turtles noma i-Mediterranean green, mancane ngokwesilinganiso kunalawo ase-Atlantic Ocean. Izimfudu ezihlala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic naseMedithera ziyinzalo yabakhi bamakoloni baseNingizimu Afrika, izakhi zofuzo ezisagcinwe emindenini namuhla.
I-Anatomy kanye noMthethosisekelo
Izimfudu ze-loggerhead zinegobolondo eliqine kakhulu futhi elihambisana nokuba likhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, zingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-545 futhi imibala yegobolondo lazo ngokuvamile iphakathi kophuzi, osawolintshi, onsundu kanye nokubomvu, kuyilapho engxenyeni ethi Ngaphansi ophuzi ophaphathekile, kuyilapho izinhlangothi nentamo kunsundu.
Igobolondo lalo linjengesivikelo, nokho, ufudu lwe-loggerhead alukwazi ukufaka ikhanda nemilenze kulo, ngakho-ke kunezingxenye ezimbili eziwumhlane owenziwe ngamapuleti amakhulu, futhi okuthiwa i-plastron, ngaphezu kwesihlangu sentamo. etholakala phansi kwekhanda layo, ngale ndlela yonke into ixhuma ku-carapace ne-plastron.
I-Dimorphism yezocansi ye-Caretta Caretta ivela kubantu abadala kuphela, abesilisa abadala banezinzipho nomsila omude kunabesifazane, kuyilapho i-plastron yabesilisa ifushane, kuyilapho i-carapace kwabesilisa ifushane. ububanzi kunaleyo yabesifazane, ikhanda lazo lincane. kunezabo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho bebancane, akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi bangamadoda noma abesifazane, ngoba bobabili babukeka befana, kodwa ku-sub-adult umehluko usuvele ubonakala.
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-Loggerhead Turtle Population
Izimfudu zasolwandle ngokuvamile zinendlela yokuziphatha ngesikhathi sokwengeza ngokuthi zifana kakhulu nezinye, okusho ukuthi uma ziyongcwaba amaqanda azo ziya olwandle lapho zizalelwe khona, zihlala phakathi kuka-12 no-17. Izinsuku eziyi-100 zishiya amaqanda azo kuso, okungamaqanda angaba ngu-130 kuye kwayi-XNUMX endaweni, izimbobo abazenzayo zikhulu, bese bemboza ngesihlabathi bese eyesikazi ibuyela olwandle.
Isikhathi sokubekela amaqanda abo sithatha cishe amahora amabili, lokhu kwenzeka ezindaweni ikakhulukazi izindunduma, ukukhetha indawo abakhetha ukuhlala kuyo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kunomthelela omkhulu kumphumela wokugcina wokuzalela. njengenani lamaphuphu aphuma esihlabathini nokuthi asengozini kangakanani ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, kanye nesimo sawo somzimba.
Manje, inani labantu i-loggerhead turtle ezikhona ePacific zehle ngo-80% phakathi neminyaka engu-25 edlule, ziyi-1.000 kuphela abesifazane okuthi ngesikhathi sokuzalela ababuyela emabhishi lapho bezalelwa khona, kuyilapho inani labantu elikhona olwandle i-Atlantic kanye ne-Indian Ocean lincishiswa. ngendlela efanayo, njengoba njengamanje kunengqikithi elinganiselwa ku-50.000, ngemva kokuba izigidi emhlabeni wonke amanzi olwandle we planethi.
I-Loggerhead Turtle Behaviour
Izimfudu zeCarettas Carettas ezithunjiwe ziye zagadwa, ukuze ngalezi zifundo, kutholakale ukuthi zikhuthele kakhulu emini, okungukuthi, zibhukuda kakhulu bese ziyaphumula, kuyilapho ziphumule zelula imilenze yazo yangaphambili futhi zihlala. zimile endaweni eyodwa, amehlo azo angavaleka noma avuleke.
Esikhundleni salokho, ebusuku zilala futhi zihamba kancane uma zisabela, lezi zimfudu zichitha cishe u-85% wosuku emanzini, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, abakwazi ukuchitha amahora angaphezu kwama-4 emanzini, futhi beza phezulu kuphela cishe ngama-30 imizuzu noma ngaphansi, nokho, kwakungenzeka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala banezindlela ezihlukene zokubhukuda.
Lezi zimfudu zinokuthile okufisa ukwazi kakhulu, okungukuthi ezinsikazi zihlaselana zodwa, lapho lezi zimpi zibangelwa ukudla, okungukuthi, ngokuqala ngokungena ezindaweni lapho ukudla kwazo kukhona, futhi yilapho kuqala ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinsikazi. ukuze bavikele ukudla kwabo, nabo banolaka kakhulu lapho bevalelwe.
Kungani i-Loggerhead Turtle isengozini yokushabalala?
Lolu hlobo luphakathi kwe izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisengozini, futhi lokhu kubangelwa izinsongo ezinkulu ezibalindile, phakathi kwazo kukhona izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkulu, ezinjengoshaka nomuntu. Yize noma sebesesigabeni sabadala bebengazama ukuzivikela ngokuluma kodwa kwabancane abakwazi ukuzivikela kanti lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu uma sifuna bazalane bakhule.
Kungalesi sizathu-ke lapho amaphuphu ezalwa aphuma ebusuku, ngale ndlela nangengqondo engokwemvelo agwema izilwane ezidla ezinye ezifana nama-seagull, amanqe, izinkalankala, amagwababa, ama-raccoon, izinja, phakathi kwabanye, nokho, naphezu kwalokhu, kwezinye. amacala asadliwa ngalawa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho sibhekisela kumuntu, kungenxa yokuthi nazo zimelela usongo kulolu hlobo lwezilwane, njengoba eziningi zazo zibanjwa abadobi.
Basengozini futhi yokushabalala ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokwanda kwenani labantu ogwini, ukukhanya ogwini nokungcoliswa izibulala-zinambuzane, ukuxhashazwa kukawoyela nezinye izinkinga eziningi okufanele babhekane nazo. Lezi zimfudu ngezikhathi ezithile zazifunwa kakhulu ukuze zizingelwe, ngenxa yenyama yazo edliwayo namaqanda azo, okusho ukuthi ayemnandi ukudliwa abantu.
Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, sinakho ukuthi eMexico amaqanda alolu hlobo adliwa njalo, ngoba izakhamuzi zaleso sifunda ziyi-aphrodisiacs yemvelo enhle kakhulu, kodwa namuhla ngenxa yokuvikelwa komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, ukuthunjwa kwabo kwehle kakhulu.
Abantu abaningi abangakunaki ukuthi ukudla amaqanda noma inyama yalezi zilwane kuyingozi empilweni yomuntu, ngoba aqukethe amagciwane amaningi, njengePseudomonas Aeruginosa kanye neSerratia Marcescens, adluliselwa emzimbeni womuntu futhi Kungabangela izifo ezibulalayo kulabo kudle.
I-Carettas Carettas, isuka eJapane iya eMexico kanye nogu olusentshonalanga ye-United States eCalifornia, kulezi zifunda ukudoba ogwini kuye kwandisa ingozi yokufa nokunyamalala kwalezi zimfudu, lapho indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuzibamba ngamanethi. esetshenziswa izikebhe ezinkulu zokudoba, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu izikebhe ngasogwini lwaseCalifornia, ezingabamba cishe ezingu-6.000 XNUMX ngonyaka. izimfudu ze-loggerhead.
Abanye bavame ukuminza ngemva kokubhajwa amanetha, izicupho, izintambo ezinde abadobi abazibekayo ukuze bazibambe. Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi ngophenyo oseluke lwenziwa, kutholakale ukuthi kunezindawo ezahlukene lapho zidla khona enkabeni yoLwandlekazi iPacific kanti lezi zindawo yizona ezihanjelwa kakhulu yisilwane esizingelayo esikhulu, umuntu.
Futhi ukuthi ulwandle lugcwele imfucumfucu yepulasitiki efinyelela olwandle ngenxa yokuquleka ekusetshenzisweni kwalezi zinto futhi ngenxa yesiko elincane lokugaywa kabusha elikhona, lezi zinto zingaba amashidi, ama-granules, amabhaluni, izikhwama, phakathi kokunye. , futhi Kwenzeka ukuthi izimfudu zibaphambanise ne-jellyfish entantayo, eyingxenye yokudla kwabo futhi badle lezo zinsalela zepulasitiki, kungabangela izinkinga eziningi zempilo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kogu kanye nokukhanya okukhulu kuxosha izimfudu lapho ziyofuna ukukhulelwa, ngakho-ke azivumeli izingane zazo ukuba ziye olwandle, ngoba zikhetha amabhishi angenalo uhlobo lokukhanyisa okwenziwayo, nalapho kukhona okuncane noma okuncane. abekho abantu, nokho bayengwe ukukhanya kwenyanga nezinkanyezi, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi baphambanisa ukukhanya okwenziwa ngabo futhi babhukude bebheke emhlabeni lapho bengenaso isivikelo.
Futhi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuqhubekayo ekushiseni kulimaza inani labesilisa nabesifazane kubantwana, ngoba kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lesidleke, inani labesilisa nabesifazane lingasungulwa. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu angase atshekise ama-coefficient obulili avune abesifazane.
Kunezindawo zokuzalela ezazingaphansi kwamazinga okushisa afudumele iminyaka emithathu, lapho isilinganiso sabesifazane sasingu-87-99%, ngaleyo ndlela sidala ukungafani kwezinhlobo zazo, ngaleyo ndlela kube nzima ikusasa nokuhlala unomphela kwezinhlobo ezihlala olwandle ezahlukene lapho zihlala khona.
Lesi simo sibangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu, ngenxa yokuthi okwamanje kunokuhlukahluka okukhulu kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa laso kuwo wonke umhlaba, okubonisa ingozi enkulu yokushabalala kwemvelo. i-loggerhead turtle, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinde kakhulu ezindaweni eziseduze namabhishi, kunciphisa imisebe yelanga futhi ngakho-ke kubuye kunciphise ukufutheka kwesihlabathi, okuphumela ekuhlukeni kwenani labesilisa nabesifazane, lesi simo sivuna kakhulu izimfudu zesilisa.
Lezi zinhlobo zezilwane zisengozini yokushabalala ngokwezinhlangano eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe eziphethe ukulondolozwa kwazo, futhi zibonisa ukuthi uma singazinakekeli lezi zinhlobo, kungenzeka ukuthi phakathi neminyaka embalwa zinyamalale emhlabeni. Isizathu sokuthi kungani kufanele senze imizamo edingekayo yokuvimbela lezi zimfudu ezimangalisayo ekubeni yingxenye yezibalo ezingezinhle zezinhlobo ezishabalala, ngenxa yesandla nezenzo ezimbi zomuntu.
Vikela impilo yezimfudu zasolwandle, ubufakazi bokuthi zingaphansi kwesivikelo esinikezwe zona ngaphansi kwe-Endangered Species Act, futhi kwenzeka ngo-2011 lapho impendulo yanikezwa esicelweni esenziwe yiSikhungo, lapho i-loggerhead turtle yafakwa kuhlu njengezilwane ezisengozini, ngakho Isikhungo sizibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lezi zimfudu zasolwandle zinendawo evikelekile e-Pacific nase-Atlantic.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngo-Okthoba 2012 kwafakwa icala enkantolo elimelene nohulumeni kaMongameli wangaphambili u-Barack Obama, efuna ukuvikelwa kwendawo ehlala izimila ezisengozini yokushabalala ogwini lwase-US oluseNtshonalanga I-USA kanye nakuyo yonke i-Pacific Ocean, isicelo esaholela ekutheni ekuvikelweni kwamabhishi angu-1.102 km ezifundazweni zaseNorth Carolina, kanye namakhilomitha-skwele angaphezu kuka-482.000 e-Atlantic nase-Golf Oceans.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukushabalala kwe-Loggerhead Turtle?
Ngemva kokuchaza ngaphambili izizathu zokuthi kungani izimfudu ze-loggerhead zisengozini yokushabalala, sizophawula ngokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze sigweme lokhu kungenzeki, konke mayelana nezinyathelo noma ukuvimbela okufanele sikucabangele, khona-ke ngezansi sizokutshela. kungenzeka kanjani ukugwema lokhu:
- Kufanele sivikele izindawo ezizalela kuzo amaqanda kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo, okusho ukuthi, sivikele amabhishi lapho sazi khona ukuthi anezidleke zawo, sinciphise ukungcoliswa kokukhanya kulezi, ngoba kuwenza umonakalo omkhulu futhi kwenza. balahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukuma kwabo, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanza amabhishi, ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuthi akhululekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwento nokuthi isihlabathi asinazo izimbobo, ukuze zingangeni kuzo.
- Gwema ukudoba emabhishi lapho kuhlala khona izimfudu, nakuba kunamazwe anemishini engabafaki ngaphandle izimfudu ngesikhathi sokudoba.
- Vimbela izindawo lapho lezi zimfudu zitholakala khona, nakuba lokhu sekuvele kusezandleni zezinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane zasendle kanye nohulumeni wezindawo lapho lolu hlobo lutholakala khona, njengeMedithera, iNingizimu Afrika, iMadagascar ne-Australia, phakathi kwabanye.
- Gwema noma unciphise ukungcola olwandle njengemfucuza yepulasitiki, ukuze bangawudli lo kungcola futhi ungabangeli ukugula; hhayi izimfudu kuphela, kodwa nezinkulungwane zezinhlobo zasolwandle ezenza ukuphila olwandle nolwandle lweplanethi. Izinsuku zokuhlanza nokuqoqwa kwemfucuza zingahle zihlelwe nasezindaweni ezisogwini
- ENyakatho Melika kunezikhungo ezifana neNational Marine Fisheries Service noma i-NOAA, enomsebenzi wokulondoloza nokubuyisela lezi zilwane zasolwandle ngemithetho esebenza ezweni, ukuze kuvikelwe lezi zilwane. Ukubambisana kwalezi zinhlangano kubaluleke kakhulu ukufeza lezi zinyathelo zokulondoloza imvelo nezivumelwano, ezenza iziphakamiso ngezindlela zokudoba, ukuze lezi zimfudu zivikeleke.
- Zihloniphe kakhulu lezi zimfudu, okungukuthi, kumele singene obishini futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezinqala, njengokutshela abavakashi ukuthi kufanele babonwe kude, ngaphandle kokuzihlupha noma ukuzinika ukudla, ngoba azisetshenziswa. kulokhu futhi kungaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwabo.
Izilwane ezidla ezinye ezicathamela uFudu lwe-Loggerhead
I-Las izimfudu ze-loggerhead Bangase babe izisulu zezilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye, ikakhulukazi lapho zisanda kuzalwa, ngakho ngaleso sikhathi kunezinhlobo eziningana zezilwane ezizihlola futhi ezilindele ukuhlasela.
Lapho zisanda kuzalwa noma nasemaqandeni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokunciphisa kakhulu inqubo yokuguquka kwalolu hlobo, njengezinambuzane, izingulube, Impungushe ebomvuAmabhere, amakati, ama-armadillos, amagundane, ama-opossum, ama-seagull, izinyoka nabantu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho esendleleni yokufuduka ezidlekeni zawo aye olwandle, amaphuphu angahlaselwa izibungu, izinkalankala, izibankwa, amaxoxo, izinyoni nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.
Lapho zisolwandle, izilwane ezidla amantshontsho alezi zimfudu zingaba izinhlanzi nezinkalankala, nakuba kuxaka ngempela ukubona ukuthi abantu abadala abavamile ukuhlaselwa ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, nokho bangaba ukudla koshaka, izimvu zamanzi kanye nolwandle. killer whales.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, endabeni yokuzalanisa abesifazane, bahlaselwa omiyane be-salt marsh abangaphazamisa nezinsikazi ngesikhathi sokuzala njengezimpukane zenyama, izinja zasendle kanye nabantu.
I-raccoon iyisilwane esicekela phansi izindawo ezizalela kuzo izimfudu ze-Caretta Caretta ezitholakala e-United States, ikakhulukazi emabhishi aseFlorida, lapho kukhona cishe izinga lokufa elingu-100% lazo zonke izimfudu ezizalayo ngesizini. , lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwemindeni yama-raccoon kulezi zindawo.
Yingakho umsebenzi owenziwayo wokuvikela izindawo lapho lezi zidleke zomfudu, okuhlanganisa ukubeka izinsimbi zensimbi, ube nomvuzo wawo njengoba iphesenti lokudliwa kwamaqanda ofudu lwasolwandle ngalawa liye lehla kakhulu.
Enye indawo lapho kwasetshenziswa khona inqubo efanayo kwakuse-Bald Head Island eNyakatho Carolina, lapho amabhokisi anezikhala zocingo ayesetshenziselwa ukumboza izidleke ze i-loggerhead turtle ezikhona kuleyo ndawo, ukuze zingambiwa izimpungushe ezibomvu nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona okukhathazayo okwamanje futhi iqiniso lokuthi insimbi esetshenziselwa ukubeka ama-meshes iphazamisa ukukhula okujwayelekile kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngenxa yezinto ezisetshenziswayo zocingo oluyinsimbi, njengoba lokhu kuthunaza ikhono lokuhamba ngendlela efanele lezi zingane. izimfudu.
Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okwamanje kwenziwa imizamo emikhulu yokuthola impahla efanelekile yale meshes engabangeli lo mphumela futhi izilwane ezidla ezinye ezingeke ziphuke.
Izifo kanye Nezinambuzane Zofudu Loggerhead
Izimfudu zingaveza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo, phakathi kwazo kukhona okulandelayo:
- Amaphuphu namaqanda angaveza izifo ezivela kumagciwane athathelwanayo, okungukuthi i-salmonella ne-Pseudomonas.
- Izidleke zingangenwa yisikhunta, njengePenicillium.
- Lezi zimfudu zinezicubu zomzimba, inhliziyo ngisho nasemqondweni wazo, uhlobo lwesikelemu somndeni wakwaSpirorchiidae, oluwenza buthaka futhi lubangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu ngenxa ye-trematodes, okungaba imbangela ye-endocarditis nezifo.
- Ingaveza isifo esibangelwa igciwane elifana ne-herpes, elibizwa ngokuthi i-fibropapillomatosis, elizibonakalisa ngesimo samathumba angaphakathi nangaphandle, abese eshintsha ukuziphatha kwalezi zilwane, nakuba zingadala ubumpumputhe unomphela uma zenzeka. emehlweni alaba
- I-Angiostoma Carettae nematode nayo ingadala umonakalo emgudwini wokuphefumula i-loggerhead turtle, okubangela ukulimala. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zezilwane ezivela emaqenjini angaba ngu-13, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-73 zolwelwe oluhlala ngemuva i-loggerhead turtle, Kubukeka kunzima kakhulu ukukukholwa kodwa kuyiqiniso.