Nhasi iwe uchave nemukana wekudzidza kuburikidza neichi chinonakidza positi zvese nezve tsika ye chipfeko cheEgipita nezvimwe zvakawanda. Usarega kuiverenga! uye iwe uchaona pamwe nemamwe maficha efashoni kubva panguva yeEgypt yekare.
Chipfeko cheEgipita Hunhu hwayo, kupatsanura uye kushanduka
Nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze anodziya uye mabasa akasiyana-siyana muzuva, zvipfeko zveEgypt zvaive zvakajairika uye zvakapfava. Kuve chena yerineni, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvipfeko zvine hunhu hwakasiyana, kubva kune yakanyanya kurongeka kusvika kune yakajeka.
Pasinei nekuve nemvere dzemakwai, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, yaishandiswa kugadzira majasi uye zvipfeko zvekuvhima. Kana iri silika nekotoni, zvakatanga kushandiswa munguva yechiGiriki yetsika dzeEgypt.
Yaivawo tsika yekuveura musoro, kunyanya kudzivisa inda, uye kushandiswa kwewigi kwaiva chinhu chakajairika.
Zvipfeko zvechiIjipita maererano nemurume
MuHumambo Hwekare, sezvipfeko zveEgypt, varume vaipfeka masiketi anonzi shenti, akasungwa nebhanhire muhudyu uye akateterera pamberi. Munguva yeinonzi Middle Period, masiketi aya akareba zvishoma pasi pemabvi, uye pakupera kwemaHellenic dynasties akareba, machira ane maoko akapfekwa.
Kana dziri zvipfeko zvevakadzi, pakutanga akanga ari madhirezi marefu ane chiuno chakakwirira icho, chine tambo mbiri pamapfudzi, chaisiya mazamu ari pachena.
Gare gare, wadhiropu yakave yakareba, pedyo nemuviri uye yakavhara mazamu, ichipa mutsipa wakaderera. Munguva dzeHellenic, zvipfeko zvakangoreba, asi zvakasununguka.
Sangano remagariro evanhu reEgypt raive rakada kufanana nembatya dzaipfekwa nevanhu. Zvinoenderana nechinzvimbo chaaive nacho mukati menharaunda, zvitaera zvinotevera zvemuEgypt zvaisiyaniswa:
Popular
Kazhinji vaIjipita vakazvininipisa uye vaishanda nesimba vaipfeka shenti sezvo yaive yakanakira basa rinorema uye isingaite kupisa, muzviitiko zvakakosha semitambo yechitendero vaipfeka wigi dzemvere dzemakwai. Kana vari varanda vamambo vaigara vakashama.
Vanokudzwa
Varume vevakuru vaipfeka shenti yakati wandei, kape pamapfudzi kuti vafukidze torso uye mifananidzo yakasarudzika yesimba setsvimbo, matehwe embada, korona yeEgipita, nemes kana pharaonic cap, iyo yaakaitwa mukati. machira ane mitsetse yebhuruu neyero, akaiswa kumberi uye akadhirikirwa pamativi.
Kana vari vakadzi vehumambo, zvaive zvakakosha kuti varatidze runako rwavo nemapfekero akaomarara, achiperekedzwa nemawigi ebvudzi revanhu, zvishongo zveEgypt, shangu dzematehwe uye kugadzirwa kwechiso.
Zviripachena, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti zvipfeko mutsika dzeEgyptian zvaive chimwe chinhu padanho ravo rekurongeka kwakabudirira.
Tsanangudzo yezvipfeko zveEgypt mu zvekare
Zvipfeko zveEgypt zvaive mugumisiro wakananga wemamiriro ekunze: kupisa uye kuoma, nzira yekunze yehupenyu. Mbatya dzaigadzirwa chete kubva muflakisi dzaishandiswa, kunyangwe pakutanga nzimbe neshinda dzenzimbe dzaiunganidzwa, mufurakisi wakabatanidzwa nekuda kwemukurumbira wekuve wakachena uye kurimwa chete nekuda kwezvipfeko. Rudzi rwaidiwa rwakanga rwuchena, kunyangwe paigona kuve neamwe magadzirirwo kumicheto.
Makushe aishandiswa, asi aionekwa seasina kuchena, seshinda dzese dzemhuka. Kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira pashure pokukunda kwaAlexander Mukuru apo mvere dzemakwai dzakavamba kushandiswa muzvipfeko zvezuva nezuva, asi dzakapfuurira kurambidzwa mutembere nenzvimbo tsvene, umo vaprista vaifanira kupfeka nguo chena dzerineni.
folk costume
Vapfumi, vashandi, uye vanhu vane mari shoma vaipfeka machira, kana vakapfeka, vaingopfeka shenti, inopfekwa nevarume vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana kwezviuru zvitatu, iyo yaisanganisira siketi yakamonerwa muchiuno uye yakakomberedzwa nejira. bhandi.dehwe. MuHumambo Hutsva hwose, makore akapoteredza 1425 B.C. C., jasi rakareruka kana hembe isina maoko yakatanga kushandiswa, pamwe nerudzi rwemapete maviri pakati pevakapfuma.
zvipfeko zvevakuru
Muvanhu vaiva nezvinzvimbo zvepamusoro, chidimbu chacho chaishongedzwa nokusonwa uye chaipfekwa pamusoro petirauzi kana kuti nguo. Pamusoro peshenti, vanhu vakatanhamara vaipfeka siketi pfupi, vachigadzira maturu madiki, ayo paakabuda mumba akave jasi rine kana risina maoko, ese ari maviri emhando yakanaka. Kuti vafukidze misoro yavo, varume nevakadzi vose vaipfeka wigi yenhema, uye kana ari Farao, chishongo chomumusoro chainzi, nemes, chaigadzirwa nejira rine mativi mana akaenzana rakagadzirwa nemucheka une mitsetse.
Avo mavara ainyanyozivikanwa aive ebhuruu neyero akashongedzerwa kumberi uye aine madonhwe kumativi. Chipfeko cheumambo chakanyorwa zvakanaka, vanopfeka sezvakaita mamwe eguta. Farao aishandisa chirevo cheumambo icho pane dzimwe nguva chaiumbwa netambo dzebhuruu, yero, uye yegirini yakachinjika; iyo yaiparadzaniswa nemitsetse michena, yaisiyaniswawo nezviratidzo zvakasiyana, zvakadai setsvimbo yeEgipita nekorona.
wardrobe yevakadzi
Kupfeka kweEgypt muvakadzi kwakaramba kwakafanana kwenguva yezviuru zvitatu zvemakore, yakagadziriswa chete mune mamwe mashoko. Madzimai akanga akapfeka siketi refu, ine chiuno chakakwirira, serokwe refu refu, rimwe chete, rinobata zvakasimba, rakasimudzwa netambo mbiri, dzimwe nguva dzakafara, dzaivhara mazamu avo. Munguva yeHumambo Hutsva, vakapfuma zvakanyanya vaipfekawo rudzi rwekapeti pfupi, nhete yakavhara mapendekete. Mapfekero acho akanga akasiyana-siyana, achipa pfungwa yokuita zvipfeko zvakasiyana-siyana.
Dzimwe nguva vakashandisa muslin yakaisvonaka, dzimwe nguva ivo vaiva chikamu chemicheka yakadhayiwa uye yakapendwa yekirasi yepamusoro, yakashongedzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, semuenzaniso, dzakatevedzera mapapiro akadai semapapiro eIsis. Vashandi vakanga vakapfeka mbatya dzisina kusimba, vamwe vakatoshama.
Munguva yehutongi hweRoma, mumakuva evaCopt, majasi echimiro cheRoma uye aine zvishongo zvakafanana neaya anoshandiswa nemaKristu emakabati (the clavi uye calliculae) akawanikwa, nepo mamwe pakati pavo asina seam (asina musono). madhirezi).
Footwear
Shangu idzi dzaigona kunge dziri dzekushandisa pamba kana mhemberero, dzaishandiswawo panguva dzakasiyana uye nevamwe vanhu.
Vaishandisa hwashu dzakagadzirwa netsanga kana kuti shinda dzemuriwo, dzaigona kugadzirwa nezvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sematehwe akarukwa, uye vaishandisa zvishongo zvemarudzi ose, zvichiguma nekamuromo kakakombamira kumusoro. Boka rorudzidziso rakaashandisa senhokwe.
"Raka reshangu" raive basa rekutonga rainyanya kukosha. Muridzi aitarisira kugadzirira mafaera, kuronga zvaidikanwa pamberi perwendo chairwo, kuunganidza zvikumbiro pakunzwa, nezvimwe. (Munguva yedu, basa iri rakafanana neremunyori wega wega wegurukota kana mutungamiri webato).
Uyo aive nezita remupfeki weshangu dzaFarao aive mumwe wevarume vaive nemukurumbira munyika. (Basa iri rinoratidzwa nebhuku rinonzi Ramses, rakanyorwa naChristian Jacq. Ameni, mumwe wevatambi vakuru, ndiye mutakuri weshangu waRamses II.)
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, munhuwo zvake aifamba asina shangu uye mune imwe chete chiitiko aipfeka shangu: paaifanira kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo, aizopfeka shangu dzake muruoko rwake kana kuti adzisungire kumagumo emudonzvo kuti apfeke shangu dzake apo akasvika kwaaienda.
cheno
Kushandiswa kwekuzora kwakagara kwakanyatsofungwa, vakatova nengano yakatsanangura tsika iyi: Horus paakarwa nababamunini vake Seti akarasikirwa neziso, ndicho chikonzero akagadzira makeup kuti adzorere kukwana kune runako rwake.
Kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvekuzora kugadzirisa kukuvadzwa nenguva kana tsaona dzehupenyu hunobatsira zviri pamutemo. Izvi zvinotsanangura zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvakadai semafuta, kohl, madonhwe emeso, lipsticks nematama.
Yakagadzirwa nevaIjipita vekutanga uye yakashandiswa kare kare: zvakasara kubva muzana ramakore rechina BC zvakawanikwa, uye zvinopfuura 160 zvekubika zvinotsanangura kugadzirira kwavo, izvo dzimwe nguva zvaitora mwedzi yakati wandei.
Makuva anowanzova nechinhu chiri chose chinodiwa nokuda kworunako mudengu rimwe: zvirongo zvezvizoro, pendi, mafuta, kohl mumachubhu etsanga, uye magirazi ebhuronzi akakwenenzverwa.
Mapoda aya aishandiswa nevakadzi kuchena ganda rechiso. Mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzemascara dzakashandiswa pameso: dema rekusimbisa nekusimbisa chimiro chavo chealmond, uye yakasvibirira yemarashi uye brows.
Mekeup yemaziso yaishandiswa nevarume nevakadzi. Nokukuya galena, vaIjipita vakawana dhayi dema, umo dhayi yakasiyana-siyana maererano nekunaka kwehupfu: kana yakaderedzwa kusvika paupfu hwakatsetseka, dhayi yaiva yakasviba zvikuru; kana yakapwanywa zvishoma, yaive nesimbi inopenya.
Nehupfu uhu, vakagadzira kohl. Mekeup yemaziso yaigadzirwa nemalachite uye ocher yaishandiswa kuwana ruvara rutsvuku rwaipendawo vakadzi miromo nematama.
Zvese zvigadzirwa izvi zvakasanganiswa nemafuta emhuka kuti zviagadzikane uye kuwana hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu. MaEgypt vaive vanhu vekare vaiita hunyanzvi hwekugadzira makeup zvakanyanya, hapana aiishandisa zvakanyanya. Zvizoro zvakatanga kushandiswa kudzivirira kubva pamigumisiro yeEgypt inopisa uye yakaoma mamiriro ekunze.
Saka, kohl inodzivirira uye inorapa conjunctivitis, uye mafuta anonhuhwirira anoshanda, uye achiri kushanda, kunyorovesa ganda uye kudzoreredza suppleness. Nzara dzeminwe nemaoko zvakanga zvakapendwawo nehena. Vanhu vepasi chete ndivo vaipfeka nyora.
Ivo vaisaziva nezve distillation uye nekudaro, havana kugadzira chero perfume nedoro. Zvisinei, vairima maruva kuti varavidze zvimwe zvinhu.
Iyo Fayoum (nzvimbo yakatenderedza dziva rerenje, inodyiswa neruoko rweNairi) ndiyo yaive nzvimbo huru yekugadzira, kunyanya muNew Kingdom, apo mafashama aidzorwa nemadhiki.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaruva zvakarongerwa, zvakapfuura nemusero uye zvakashandurwa kuva zvinyoro zvinonhuhwirira. Mafuta aishandiswa nevaIjipiti nokuda kwebvudzi ravo uye aizorwa nemakoni machena akaiswa anomiririrwa mumifananidzo yemakuva.
Hairstyle
Kuveura musoro kwaiva kwakajairika pakati pevarume, kuti vazvifukidze ivo vaishandisa wigi dzenhema, uye vakadzi vakasarudzika musoro (craft) iyo yakaumbwa ine sikweya canvas, yakagadzirwa nemucheka wemitsetse, yakasimba kuhuma uye nekudonha pamativi.
Vanokudzwa vaipfeka wigi, yakajairika kune vese varume, raive iro rakajairika bvudzi. Yakanga yakagadzirwa nebvudzi rechisikigo uye mvere dzemabhiza, pamwe nezvimwe zvekushongedza zvikamu zvakabatanidzwa. Pamusoro peizvi, iyo inoyevedza dzimwe nguva yaishandisa magirazi madiki akazadzwa nepefiyumu.
Misoro yakaveurwa; VaEgipita ndivo vekutanga kubvisa bvudzi zvakarongeka. Kwavari, yaimiririra vanhu maererano nemhuka inofananidzirwa nebvudzi, zvokuti vaprista vaitodzura tsiye dzavo netsiye pamberi petsika.
Zvishongo
Chikonzero chikuru chekupfeka zvishongo ndechekuita kwayo. VaIjipita vaipfeka mucheka muchena zvakanyanya uye zvishongo zvinopa mukana wekusiyanisa.
Kufarirwa kweEgypt kwaive kwekushandiswa kwemavara akajeka, matombo anopenya uye simbi dzinokosha. Goridhe rakagadzirwa rakawanda mugwenga rekumabvazuva kweEgypt, asi rakabvawo kuNubia, iyo kwemazana emakore yaive koloni yeEgipita.
Mukupesana, sirivha yakanga iri shoma uye yaitengwa kubva kuAsia. Saka, sirivha yaiwanzonzi inokosha kupfuura ndarama. Desert rekuMabvazuva raivewo kwakakosha kunobva matombo anokosha semi-anokosha akadai secarnelian, amethyst, uye jasper.
MuSinai, vaive nemigodhi yeturquoise kubvira kudzinza rekutanga, bhuruu lapis lazuli rinofanira kunge rakabva kure, Afghanistan. Girazi nevhu (enamel padombo kana jecha core) zvakafarirwa kutsiva matombo sezvo aigona kugadzirwa mune akawanda mavara.
Rakanga riri guta raida zvishongo, zvaishandiswa nemakirasi ese emagariro, kunyangwe izvo zvevarombo zvaive nyore uye zvakachipa, mumidziyo yevhu, bhonzo kana matombo ane mavara. Zvishongo zvaive zvakakura uye zvinorema, izvo zvinoita senge zvichireva pesvedzero yeAsia.
Mabracelets acho aive akanaka futi. Matombo akanyanya kushandiswa aive lapis lazuli, carnelian, turquoise uye mamwe simbi yakawanda mhangura, sirivha negoridhe. Yaitorwa senyama yevamwari.
Chisikwa chakakosha cheEgipita chaive rudzi rwefrill, yakagadzirwa kubva kune seti yesimbi disks uye yaipfekwa zvakananga paganda, kana pamusoro pehembe ine maoko mapfupi, uye yakasungirirwa kumashure. Vatongi vaipfekawo korona dzemhando yepamusoro uye ivo nevakuru vaipfeka pectorals.
Heano mamwe malink aunofarira: