Iyo cosmogony yeMexico inoremekedzwa zvikuru kwete munyika ino chete, asi pasi rose. Zvinotendwa zvakatemerwa nevaMaya ndizvo zvakapfuma kwazvo zvinogona kuwanikwa munhoroondo yepasirese. Pachiitiko ichi, the Zuva dombo ndiyo yakanangana nekupa nyaya iyi inofadza.
Nhoroondo yeDombo reZuva
Iro ibwe remonolithic riri muMesoamerican postclassic nguva. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kutaridzika kwayo kwekutanga kwakaitika pakati pemakore 1250 na1521 BC Chokwadi hapana ruzivo chero nezvemunyori weDombo reZuva, kana nguva chaiyo yarakavezwa. Zvisinei, vanyori vezvakaitika kare vakaongorora kuti chinhu ichi chaizoshandiswa pakuvaka dombo rakakwirira neMexica mumakore avo ekupedzisira ehurumende.
Zvinoenderana nezviziviso zvaDiego Durán, inosimbisa kuti Dombo reZuva rine hukuru hukuru, rine zvinyorwa zvemazuva, mwedzi uye mavhiki makumi maviri nerimwe mukarenda yaro. Zvichakadaro, Juan de Torquemada mune imwe yezvinyorwa zvake zvakakurumbira Indian monarchy inoratidza Moctezuma Xocoyotzin semukuru akarayira vanhu vake kuti vauye nedombo guru rakanga rakavigwa muTenanitla kuTenochtitlán.
Zvichida, dombo iri raive chibereko chekuputika kukuru kwegomo rinoputika reXitle, kusvika pakutamiswa kubva kuSan Ángel kuenda kuguta reXochimilco. Iro zita reEzequiel Ordoñez rinopfuura nekunzwisisa nhoroondo yePiedra del Sol, nekuti rinotarisa kuti dombo iri olivine basalt. Nekuda kwehuremu husina kujairika, ibwe rakadhonzwa makiromita makumi maviri nemaviri kuenda kuTenochtitlan.
Munguva yekukunda, dombo rakakura iri raigara muTemplo Mayor. Rusununguko rwaigara rwuri munzvimbo yaro yemashure, kureva kuti, yaigara ichiratidzwa mune iyi yakavharwa. Apo Alonso de Montúfar akanga ari mutariri weachibhishopi muMexico, akarayira kuti Dombo reZuva rivigwe panzvimbo yacho nechinangwa chokuti vafundisi vachengete mundangariro dzavo miitiro yose yechibairo yakaitika mairi.
Pakazosvika zana ramakore rechigumi nesere, shanduko yemutemo yakagadzira mafambiro matsva muNew Spain, nekuda kwesimba raViceroy Juan Vicente de Güemes. Pakati pezvigadziriso izvi, akakumbira kuvandudzwa kwemamwe migwagwa nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji. Iyo Plaza Mayor aive mumwe wevakabatsirwa zvikuru nehurongwa hwekuvakisa uku, nekusanganisirwa kwedhiraini system uye kuenzana kwepasi payo.
Musi waDecember 17, 1790, apo muvaki mukuru panguva iyoyo José Damián Ortiz de Castro akawana Piedra del Sol paakanga achigadzira nzira dzepadivi pePlaza Mayor. Dombo raiva mamita makumi matanhatu kubva paGedhi reVirreinal guru uye 60cm pahafu yeyadhi. Kubvisa kubva pasi, kaviri pulley yaidiwa nekuda kwehuremu hukuru hweiyi dombo reMayan rinoumba cosmogony yedzinza.
Antonio de León y Gama akaenda kunzvimbo kuti aongorore zvishoma nezvekwakabva Dombo reZuva, pamwe chete nezvarinoreva panguva yekuwanikwa. Maererano nemafungiro aChavero, aive munhu wekupedzisira uyu akatonga dombo sechikamu chakakosha kuti anzwisise karenda yeAztec yekare. Unoziva zvese here Mayan ngano? Usarega kuzviita, nekuti zvinonakidza zvisingaite.
Gama gare gare, Gama akaisa chikumbiro kuna José Uribe, kanoni panguva iyoyo, kuti Dombo reZuva rirege kuvigwa, nemhaka yokuti chiito ichi itsika yechihedheni, ine nhoroondo yokuvigwa kwakasiyana-siyana. Muongorori anoratidza kukosha kwekutsvaga zviyeuchidzo kubva kare muItaly, kuitira kununura zvishoma zvayo, zvichibvumira kukwidziridzwa kweDombo reZuva.
Nguva yakabudirira umo zviyeuchidzo zvezvivakwa zvakawanda zvakabvumira Sun Stone kuve inokwezva mumeso eruzhinji rwese. Iyo monolith yakabudirira zvikuru mushure mekuwanikwa kwayo muna 1790 nekusimudzirwa kwakazara kwechidzidzo chayo kuratidza zvese zvese nezvekwakabva chaiko. Gama anotoratidza kuti idombo rine pfungwa huru yeunyanzvi, iro rinobva rakwevera pfungwa dzemunhu wese.
Musi waChikunguru 2, 1791, iyo monolith yakava chikamu cheMetropolitan Cathedral kune rimwe mativi ayo ekumadokero. Alexander von Humboldt akanga ari mutariri wekudzidza zvakadzama nezvechifananidzo cheDombo reZuva.Chimwe chiitiko chinoshamisa chinobatanidza dombo iri kupindira kweUnited States muMexico, vachishandisa chinhu sechinangwa muPlaza Mayor.
Makore akati gare gare, muna 1855 kuva chaizvoizvo, Piedra del Sol yakachinjirwa kuMonolith Gallery, iyo iri paCalle Moneda, nemhaka yechikumbiro chakaitwa naJesús Sánchez, mutungamiriri wesangano racho. Makore mapfumbamwe gare gare, yakaita imwe shanduko yenzvimbo kuti iite Museum of Anthropology and History.
Descripcion
Zvose zviri muDombo reZuva zvinofadza chaizvo, nokuti zvinomiririra chiratidzo chakaoma icho maMayans aive nacho chenyika kubva pakusikwa kwavo. Nenguva isipi, zvese zvakavanzika izvo zvinonyanya kukoshesa monolith yekare inazvo. Unoziva here kuti ndezvipi vamwari veaztec uye zvizere? Zvichida mubvunzo uyu ndewenguva dzose waunogona kuziva nekukurumidza.
centre disc
Beyer neCaso ndivo vekutanga kuve nekongiri nzira kune yepakati dhisiki. Ose ari maviri anoratidza mwari wezuva Tonatiuh uye banga rechibairo rakavakirwa pabwe. Asina maoko ake, mwari uyu ane nzwara dzakabata moyo wemunhu. Muchidimbu, aya ndiwo maonero aAlfonso Caso maererano nenzvimbo iyi yedombo:
"Pakati peDombo reZuva unogona kuona zvakadzama chiso cheTonatiuh. Nokuti migumo yaro inzwara, iyo inofananidzira zvakanyatsonaka makumbo egondo chero ripi zvaro. Mavari mune mwoyo wemunhu wakadzvanywa. Chiono chezuva chevaAztec chine mufungo zvikuru, nokuti vanoenzanisa simba raro negondo rinobhururuka pamusoro mangwanani.
Navarrete naHaydn muna 1974 vanoramba zvirevo zveBeyer neCoso kusimbisa kuti mwari ari pakati ndiTlaltecuhtli. Uyu mwari ndomumwe akatanhamara zvikurusa munhamba yose yechiNahuatl, anonamatwa kukuru navanhu vayo. Muchiitiko ichi, makudo maviri akakurumbira egondo anowanzoonekwa mukambani yedenderedzwa. Munzvimbo yekumashure kune imwe yemadenderedzwa ayo, pamwe chete, ari mana pamwe chete.
Kubva kumativi ose ataurwa zuva rechishanu rinoberekwa, iro pakupedzisira ndiko kwakabva murume wechiNahuatl. Chikafu chakakosha chechinyakare ichi chibage chine mvura. Ngano yeMazuva inokwanisa kutsanangura kuzvarwa zvakadzama.
nguva ina
Hazvibviri kusiya parutivi nguva ina kana mazuva mana ari pakati pekumiririra. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kusanganiswa kwezvinhu izvi kunopa kuberekwa kweChishanu Zuva, nekuvapo kwazvino mutsika.
- Pamusoro penzvimbo yekurudyi pane mufananidzo we4 jaguar, iyo inonongedza inosvika gore 676 makore. Nguva yekutanga yeMexica inopera munguva ino nekuda kwezvimwe zvipenyu zvakakatyamadza zvakabuda pamusoro penyika kuzogumisa rudzi rwese rwevanhu rwenguva iyoyo.
- Kunzvimbo yekuruboshwe kune mhepo yechina, ine fungidziro yekufambidzana kusvika kugore 4, nekuda kwechiitiko chemhepo, madutu uye chamupupuri chakazunguza budiriro. Vagari vasiri venyika akavashandura kuita tsoko.
- Pasi pemhepo ina denderedzwa remvura ina, imwe yeakanyanya kukosha kune tsika yeMexico. Pachiitiko ichi, kunaya kwemoto mugore ra4 kwakashandura vagari vese kuita turkeys.
- Pakupedzisira, pane denderedzwa rekupedzisira, 4 mvura, iri padyo nenyika sezvairi. Kunyura nemvura kwakagumisa nzanga yose mugore ra 676. Vakapukunyuka havana kumboita shanduko yekuredza.
Sezvinoratidzwa, nguva dzese dzine gore chairo rinotungamira kurudzi rwenjodzi kuvhara kutenderera kwakakosha muvanhu. Zvisinei, kuti uone gore chairo mune imwe neimwe yedenderedzwa zvakakosha kuva neAztec prism. Saizvozvo, 676, 312, uye 364 vane chinhu chimwe chete chakafanana: rimwe nerimwe remakore iwayo akawanda emakumi mashanu nemaviri.
52 inhamba yakakosha kwazvo kukarenda yeMexica, nekuti yakaenzana nezana rakazara mune yavo cosmogony. Tataura izvozvo, kune maviri madenderedzwa ezuva akapedza 13 mazana emakore: 4 jaguar uye 4 mvura, imwe yeakanyanya kufa kuvanhu, ine zviitiko zvinoshamisa zvakapera zvine mutsindo neaviri transcendental epochs. 364 imakore 7, ukuwo makore 213 ari 6. Zvikanzi, hwerengedzo yemazana emakore muDombo reZuva i13, 7, 6, ne13.
Hwerengedzo yezana ramakore reAztec roga roga inopa hwerengedzo ye 39. Kana nyanzvi dzemasvomhu dzakatarisa nhamba iyi, dzinoona kuti 39 imhiko yakawanda ye13, nepo nguva mbiri chaidzo (7+6) dzichiwedzerawo kusvika ku13. Mukupedzisa, nhamba iyi ichave yakanyatsojeka sechikamu chetsika yeMexica nenzira inotevera: 13-13-13. Kana izvi zvisina kukwana, nhamba ye52 zvakare yakawanda yegumi nenhatu, saka Sun Stone iyi inovanza zvinoshamisa nhamba data.
Makadhinari anonongedza
Kungofanana neDombo reZuva rine denderedzwa rega rega rezuva, rinewo chitarisiko chemakadhinari. Semuenzaniso, pane chiratidzo chekuchamhembe 1 Flint, saina 1 mvura kumaodzanyemba, kumabvazuva nayo xiuhuitzolli chiratidzo che heraldic uye kumadokero, mono 7th century. Mune imwe neimwe yemakadhiiniti zviri nyore kuwana boka rinofungidzirwa rezviratidzo, iro rinotora mavhiki mashanu muboka remwedzi mitatu kuumba gore.
mhete yekutanga
Iyi mhete yakakosha kutsika yeMexico, nekuti inomiririra mazuva makumi maviri anoyera akaitwa pamutemo muTonalpohualli. Chinhu chinoda kuziva nezvenyaya iyi kusanganiswa mune rimwe nerimwe remazuva aya nenhamba gumi nenhatu, nekuti kuumbwa kwakadai kunopa makore. Pakati pezvinhu zvayo zvikuru zvaida kuziva, mazuva ano akanyorwa mukodhekisi yakavakirwa paganda remhembwe, kuchengeta ufakazi hwezvose zvakaitika mu tonalámatl.
Mamiriro ekarenda iri pakubudiswa kwaro kunyika aisanganisira 260. Sezvo 20 chete ndiwo aiva nezita chairo, basa richakudziridzwa mubatanidzwa wemazita ose kuita chitsama chinodarika manhamba matatu, kana kuti mu. Kusagadzika kwayo, nhamba inopfuura 21. Nhamba huru ndeye uye nhamba yekupedzisira, 13, muchimiro chezvibodzwa.
Iyo Tonalpohualli ine humwe hunhu, iyo chete njere dzevaMexicas dzakakwanisa kufunga nezve: kalendari mune gumi nematatu (masvondo makumi maviri emazuva gumi nematatu) ayo mashanu akarongerwa basa rezuva nezuva uye mamwe ekuzorora kana kutarisisa. Kupatsanurwa kwezvirongwa kwaive nemaawa gumi nematatu ezuva uye imwe 20 yehusiku (kazhinji umo muviri unozorora kusvika warara). Nezvakataurwa, inguva yekudzidza zvishoma nezvemazuva ekubhabhatidzwa:
Cipactli: Zuva iri riri mukati meEast axis pakarenda. Chisikwa chinopisa zvikuru icho hafu yegarwe nehafu yehove (kunyangwe ichionekwawo semhando yedzvinyu). Hunhu hwayo ndehwekuva nenzara panguva yega yega yezuva, ichiwedzera njodzi yayo. Inotorwa sechisikwa chega chemugungwa chenguva yacho, kusvika Quetzalcóatl auraya kuti atange kusikwa kwechadenga. Nemuviri wese wechikara vakasika pasi, vachibatsirwa nevamwe vamwari vakapinda mukuita.
Vamwari pavakapatsanura muviri wecipactli, vakasika denga nenyika. Dambudziko guru ramwari raiva rekuti murume uyu aizomuisa pai panzvimbo yakashama kudaro, asingazive zvokuita. Gare gare, vakatora mimwe miti kuganhura mahemispheres. Nenzira imwecheteyo, vakaparadzanisa pakati penyika yevapenyu nevakafa. Zvinyorwa zvechiGiriki nechiLatin zvakataura nekusimbisa kukuru zvese Vamwari veOlympus, kukosha kwayo uye masimba ayo iwe pasina mubvunzo kuti iwe unofanirwa kuziva.
Zuva rekutanga rekarenda rino rinotsigirwa namwari Tonacatecuhtli, mukuru wekubereka kana chekudya. Akava negoverano huru mukusika nyika, mukuwedzera kukuparadzanisa pasi nenyanza dzose dziripo. Zita rake mumutauro weAztec rinoreva “Ishe wenyama yedu kana ishe wokuchengeta” nokuda kwokuva mupi wegarikano nokuda kwavarume vokutanga vaigara pasi.
Ehecatl: Ndiye mwari wemhepo maererano nezvipupuriro zveMesoamerican tsika. Iine kufanana kukuru kweQuetzalcōātl maererano neiyo inotyisa yenyoka physiognomy iyo kana ichitarisa inoreva simba rinoshamisa. Inochengetedzawo hukama nekuzvarwa kwechadenga, nekuti nekuda kwekufema kwayo yakakwezva mvura kuti ikure zvirimwa. Kunze kweizvi, nechiito chimwe chetecho anoita kuti zuva ribude kuti aparadzire mvura yaakasika nesimba rake.
Humwe hunhu hwayo kupa hupenyu kune chinhu chiri chose chiri muchimiro chekuzorora, kana miviri isina simba. Akasvika pakudanana nemunhu ainzi Mayah. Sezvo zvakanga zvisina kudzorerwa, zvakazarura mukana wekuti vanhu vose vamutse simba rekuda kuziva rudo rwemusikana. Rudo urwo mwari uyu akanzwa kuna Mayah rwakaratidzwa mumufananidzo wemuti une mashizha. Pakupedzisira, izuva rechipiri riri munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kwePiedra del Sol.
calli: Zvinorehwa nezwi iri mumutauro weMexica ndezvekuti "imba". Mwari anodzivirira zvitubu zvose zvezuva rino ndiye Tepeyollotl, musiki mukuru wezvikomo, makomo, zvikomo, zvikomo, echoes uye kudedera. Mune chero mufananidzo unomiririra unoonekwa muchimiro chejaguar. Inoreva chitubu chechibairo chemhuka dzose dzakararama pamberi pemafashamo makuru, anotsanangurwa mudenderedzwa rezuva re 4 mvura.
Ndiwo mwoyo wenyika uye nguva imwe neimwe panoitika kudengenyeka kwenyika, inzwi remukati menyika nderekushevedzera kubva kuna mwari uyu, kumanikidza simba rake. Inoratidzwa kuchamhembe kwekarenda, riri zuva rechitatu rekusimbisa iyi Mexica cosmogony.
Cuetzpalin: Izvo zvinoreva "dzvinyu" mumutauro wekare wekuMexico. Kumadokero kwezuva rechina iri kumaodzanyemba. Avo vakazvarwa pazuva iri rechina vanomiririrwa zvakanaka namwari Huehuecóyotl, mutsigiri mukuru wehunyanzvi, mitambo yemitambo, mudziviriri wevese vachiri kuyaruka uye vakura. Mufananidzo wamwari uyu unowanzoitika ndewemhungu iri kutamba nemaoko netsoka nemakandira anoshongedza kuvapo kwayo.
Tsika dzakaratidza kuti coyote iyi mufananidzo unoseka wemarudzi ese ekuNorth America akabirwa. Zvakadaro, mutambi uyu ishasha pakuimba nziyo dzekwaya nenganonyorwa. Rutivi rwake rusina kunaka kurongeka kwaanowanzo kuita kukonzera makwikwi pakati pemativi maviri, zvekusvika pakukonzera hondo kugutsa kufinhwa kwake.
VeMexico vasvika pachibvumirano chekuti coyote, pachinzvimbo chekuve hunhu hwakashata, yakave chitubu chehunyengeri icho vanhu vese vakazvarwa pazuva rechina. Varume vane runako rukuru vakafanana namwari uyu, nokuda kwokuvapo kwaanoisa pakutanga kuonana. Pakati pedzimwe pfungwa, uchenjeri hwomunhu hunotsigira aya matsime ane dziviriro yawo.
coatl: Inodzivirira revo imwe cheteyo yenyoka, yakafanana zvikuru namwari Quetzalcóatl. Mwarikadzi anotarisira kumiririra zuva iri Chalchiuhtlicue, mambo wemadziva ese nehova huru. Izuva rechishanu iro nyoka inotonga uye nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, iri mune iyi runyorwa samwarikadzi akamisa mvura kune ese North America budiriro. Vagari vekare veMexico vakapa nzendo dzavo kuna mwari uyu, kuti vadzoke nehutano uye mapurojekiti ese akazadzikiswa.
Iye ndiye ane basa rekuvhenekera denderedzwa rechina muDombo reZuva.Apo Chalchiuhtlicue aitonga pasi, kutonga kwake kwese kwakafukidzwa nemvura. Kupfurikidza namafashamo akasimba zvikuru akaparadza dzimwe nharaunda, akatema Chigaro chake choUmambo namabwe kuti ave mwarikadzi anotyiwa. Aikwanisa kushandura vanhu vakawanda kuva hove.
Miquiztli: Zuva rechitanhatu rekarenda iri riri kuchamhembe kwekadhidhini muMexica cosmogony. Tecciztecatl, hozhwa ine hunhu hwepamusoro. Aiva nemukana wekuva zuva, asi akatadza kuva mwedzi. Mwari uyu anodzivirirwa nedenga reusiku.
Mazatlán: Kumadokero ndiyo kadhidhi yezuva rino pakarenda. Izwi rinoreva "nondo" iyo mwari anodzivirira ari tlaloc, monarch wemvura nemadutu. Tsika yacho inoratidza kuti inonamatwa mumwedzi wekutanga wegore reAztec, kumwaya zvirimwa zvayo.
Tochtli: Zuva retsuro riri kumaodzanyemba cardinal point maererano neTonalpohualli. Mayahuel ndiye mwarikadzi anotarisira kuchengetedza vacheche vese vemazuva ano. Anobatanidzwa nevamwe vamwarikadzi vedzinza rake, sevaya vanotsigira vakadzi pamibhedha yavo yekuzvara. Inobatsira kupa maruva, kunyanya zvirimwa zvese zvave nekukura kwakaoma nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze asina kunaka.
Atl: Mvura ndiyo mvura inonatsa vanhu vese vakazvarwa pazuva iri vachitonga pasi pechirevo chekumabvazuva. Xiuhtecuhtli ndimwari anokosha munhoroondo yeMexico, nokuti nemoto kana kupisa kwake anokwanisa kutarisira vanhu vose vekarenda iyi. Chimiro chake ndechemurume mukuru ane chiso cheyellow kana orange.
Mhinduro: Iyo inozivikanwa sezuva rembwa, iri Mictlantecuhtli, ishe wevakafa mune imwe neimwe yematunhu ayo, muchengeti mukuru wezuva rino. Anodzora mune zvakanaka chimiro chepasi rose uye nyika yemumvuri. Bvudzi rake rakamonana uye maziso ake akafanana nenyeredzi mbiri.
ozomatli: Zuva retsoko rine poindi yaro kumadokero. Kusiyana nemwari wekare, Xochiplli ndiye muchinda wemaruva, mambo wezvose zvakanaka zvinogara mune zvakasikwa. Ndiwo mufaro unoshandurwa kuva Mwari, apo vanhu vanogutsa zvishuvo zvavo mudoro nemimwe mitambo.
Kune mamwe mazuva anoverengera iyi yakakosha karenda ine chinomiririra muDombo reZuva nemashoko anotevera:
- Malinalli.
- Acatl.
- ocelotl.
- Cuauhtli.
- cozcacuauhtli
- Ollin.
- Tecpatl.
- Quiáhuitl.
- Xochitl.
Yechipiri mhete
Ichi chikamu cheZuva reDombo rine akati wandei masikweya ane basa chairo. Mune rimwe nerimwe rawo mune mazuva mashanu evhiki. Pamusoro pazvo, kune mamwe mativi masere ane kona yakasiyana inoreva mapoinzi emakadhi.
Yechitatu mhete
Inowanikwa muchikamu chezasi cheDombo reZuva Pachiitiko ichi mwari Xiuhcóatl aripo, pasi pemufananidzo wenyoka dzemoto dzinoverengeka dzakakomberedza monolith. Nzvimbo dzese dzenyoka dzakakamurwa kusimudza mwari mudenga, nepo chikamu chimwe nechimwe chakakomberedzwa nemoto wakawanda. Kana vanoda kuziva vakanyatsotarisa, nyoka dzose dzinoita nhamba 52, inova yepamutemo yeAztec zana iyo Dombo reZuva rinoratidza.
Munzvimbo yepamusoro yedombo pane zvakare maronda enyoka, asi panguva ino tsvakiridzo iri mumiswe, kusvika zuva reMatlactli. Maererano nenhoroondo yeMexico, zuva rakadaro riri mugore ra1479 sechikamu che "Moto Mutsva".
Numismatics
Dombo reZuva rine chirevo chakakosha kutsika yeMexico. Kukosha kwaro kwakakura zvekuti mabhanga akashandisa mamwe manhamba ekukanganisa kwemari yavo, senge kesi dzinotevera:
- 5-centavo coin yakagadzirwa nickel pakati pa 1905 na 1914. Kubva paDombo reZuva akaburitsa mabatirwo emwaranzi yezuva, iyo yakapa pfungwa yakanaka ine mavara kumicheto yekoini maererano nekushanda kwechiedza chepanyama.
- Mari yesimbi yemasendi mashanu yakagadzirwa nenickel, iyo yaishandiswa pakati pa5 na1936, yakachengeta simba iroro remwaranzi yezuva rakanga rakakurumbira zvikuru muchinyorwa chokutanga chemari iyi.
- Mari yenickel yemasendi gumi yakatenderera kubva muna 10 kusvika 1936 yairatidza kupenya kwezuva nemumwaranzi. Muchiitiko ichi, mhedzisiro yacho ishoma, asi haina kukwana.
- Mari ye5-cent yakagadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina yakaramba ichitenderera kwemakore gumi. Panguva ino mhando yepentagon inoonekwa yakanyorwa pachidimbu.
- Simbi isina tsvina yemasendi gumi yakaramba ichishandiswa panguva ya10-1992 yakagamuchirwa zvishoma pentagon yakanyorwa padombo reZuva.Muna 2002 havana kumisa kugadzirwa kwekoiri iyi, asi vakaderedza zvakanyanya saizi yayo yekutanga. .
- Mari ye20-cent pakati pa1992 na2002 yaive nemidziyo yekuvaka iri nani sebronze nealuminium zvakasanganiswa. Paivawo nepentagon yakanyorwa pachidimbu nenzira isina kukwana. Mushure megore ra2002 chiitiko chimwe chete chakaitika nemari yakapfuura, asi vakachinja bhuronzi nealuminium kuita simbi isina tsvina.
- 50-centavo mari yakagadzirwa nebhuronzi nealuminium yakatenderera pakati pa1992-2002 ine chinyorwa chegumi netatu paDombo reZuva (ácatl) ine pentagon yakanyorwa pachimedu. Muna 13 zvimwe chete zvakaitika semari yapfuura, nekuderedzwa kwehukuru hwayo.
- Bimetallic 1-peso mari ine mhete yesimbi isina tsvina, kubva 1992 yakatanga kutenderera nemhete inopenya kuburikidza nemwaranzi.
- Iyo bimetallic 2-peso coin ine bronze-aluminum centre uye simbi isina tsvina inomiririra mazuva anoenderana kune imwe neimwe yemapendero.
- Mari ye5-peso yakafanana neyakapfuura mune zvese, mukuvaka uye mumakore ekuvaka. Musiyano wakakosha ndeyekunongedza kune nyoka kumacheto.
- 10-peso coin yakavakwa pakati payo ine cupro-nickel zvinhu uye imwe yese nebronze-aluminium. Mukati munogona kuona diki repakati disc reSun Stone.
- 500-peso coin yakagadzirwa negoridhe rose kuWorld Cup 1986. Panguva ino dhisiki rose rinooneka.