VanaTarahumara vanoita imwe yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira muMexico, kurudziro inotorwa kuburikidza nezvisikwa uye kuratidzwa kwezvavanotenda, vanoita kuti mabasa avo emaoko akanatswa uye anoshamisa rive basa rinoyemurwa. Kuburikidza nechinyorwa chino, tinokukoka iwe kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve Tarahumara mabasa emaoko.
General Aspects yeTarahumara Crafts
Kazhinji, kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemaoko izvi kunoitika kana munharaunda yeTarahumara mabasa ezuva nezuva anoda kushanda nesimba anopedzwa, kunze kwekuva chikamu chehupenyu hwavo, zvakadai se: kudyara, kufamba kwemvura, kuvhima kana kuvhima. utano.
Kugadzirwa kwemabasa emawoko aya kunodyidzana netsika nemagariro emadzitateguru; Kurudziro yeiyi inotorwa zvakanyanya kubva munzvimbo yayo yechisikigo muSierras de Tarahumara nekutenda kwayo uye zviitiko. Ndosaka chiitiko ichi chakabatana zvakanyanya nekunamatwa kwezuva, chinozadzisa zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva uye mhemberero dzakasiyana dzinoitwa netsika iyi, iyi ndiyo nzira iyo chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine basa rakatsanangurwa muhupenyu hwavo.
Zvinhu zvinoumba mhizha yavo zvakasiyana-siyana, pakati pavo tinogona kuona: mabhasikiti akarukwa, makeramiki ane maitiro akaoma ejometri, machira, zvidhori, pamwe chete nemidziyo yemimhanzi yakavezwa mumatanda. Ese aya anomiririrwa, ane akajeka uye akajeka ruzivo, uye iwo anoshamisira zvakanyanya sezvo mazhinji acho akaumbwa neakasiyana mumvuri wemavara.
Munguva ichangopfuura, kutengeswa kweTarahumara mhizha yemaoko yakashanda sechikamu chekudya kwevanhu vedzinza iri, ravanotsvaka kuvhara zvavanoda (zvokudya, hutano, pakati pevamwe). Ndosaka vakatsvaga kutora mukana wenzira dzakasiyana dzekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvavo, nguva pfupi yadarika vachipfuura nepainternet.
Saizvozvowo, idzi Tarahumara zvigadzirwa zvemaoko zvinogona kuonekwa uye kuwanikwa nevashanyi uye vagari vemo mumaguta ekuchamhembe kweMexico (Creel, Carichí, Batopilas, Guachochi neBocoyna), iyo ndiyo nzvimbo dzepedyo kune vanhu vedzinza iri.
Huru Kuratidzwa kweTarahumara Crafts
Zvinhu zvakashanda kugadzira hunyanzvi hwenharaunda ino yekuzvarwa, zvine humbowo, semune dzimwe tsika, kuve basa rakanyatsogadzirirwa rine maawa akawedzerwa ekuuraya, kupa semupiro wekupedzisira zvimedu zvine runako hukuru uye zvine hungwaru ruzivo.
Kazhinji, kuita kwemabasa emaoko kunoparadzaniswa maererano nehutano. Vakadzi veTarahumara vanowanzo shanda zvehari, mabhasikiti akarukwa emichindwe uye machira. Kunyange zvazvo varume vanowanzoshanda nekuveza matanda, kuburikidza nekugadzira zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, matoyi nezvimwe; uye ivo vanotorawo chikamu muchikamu chemucheka, kunyanya mukutsanangurwa kwemagumbeze, chinhu chakanyanya hunhu cheboka rekuzvarwa iri; Pakati peakajairika hunyanzvi hwevanhu veTarahumara, isu tine:
Textiles
Imwe neimwe yezvipfeko zvinopfekwa neTarahumaras inogadzirwa nemaoko, ivo vanowanzo shandisa mavara emucheka wekotoni ane mavara anoshamisa. Zvikamu zvakanyanyisa ndezvi: hembe, machira nemasiketi; kunze kwekugadzira magumbeze akagadzirwa nemaoko, ane mabasa akasiyana ezvizvarwa izvi.
Dhora
Ichi chinhu chechinyakare chetsika iyi, izvi zvidhori zvakagadzirwa nemuti wepaini izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakasimba, uye machira ekugadzira zvipfeko zvavo. Pakutanga ivo vaishandiswa nevasikana sechitoyi, zvisinei, izvi zvave zviri chikamu chechimiro chavo chetsika sezvo zvichiratidza chimiro cheTarahumara chizvarwa.
Tswanda
VanaTarahumara vanoshandisa nzira imwe cheteyo sehama dzavo dzekare pakuruka nemaoko nemashizha emichindwe, tsanga kana mupaini; Rudzi urwu rwehunyanzvi hune hunhu hwekuti hunogona kuchengetedza hutsva uye hwechisikigo essence kwenguva yakareba, ine kupera kwakanaka kwazvo asi nemaitiro echinyakare uye inopawo kusimba nekufamba kwenguva. Pakati pezvinhu zvakanyanyisa kushandisa nzira iyi, pane: mabhasikiti, zvipfuva, mavhasi, ndiro, mabhegi uye nezvimwe.
Pottery
Icho chimwe chezvinhu zvinomiririra zveguta rino, mune izvi zvisikwa hapana kudzokorora maitiro nokuti zvose zvakagadzirwa nemaoko, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji aya anoshandiswa neocher, tsvuku, zvidhinha, dema, brown mavara akashongedzwa neruzivo rwejometri manhamba.
Pakati pezvidimbu zvakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira iyi: mapoto, mavhasi, makapu, mapoto nemimwe midziyo yakasiyana-siyana, yehukuru hwakasiyana; kunyange muzviitiko zvakawanda izvi zvinogona kubatsiridzwa nezvishongo zveribhoni kana dehwe.
Kuveza
Vachishandisa zvinhu zvechisikigo zvakaita sehuni dzakawanikwa kubva kumujunipa, muoki uye muti wesitirobheni, vanogadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvakaita sematoyi, fenicha, mold ine zvinomiririra zvevanhu, midziyo yemukicheni, pakati pezvimwe.
Vadivelu Comedy Instrumentos Musicales
Kushandisa pine, oyamel kana fir huni sezvinhu zvakasvibirira, vanokwanisa kugadzira zviridzwa zvakadai se: violin, ngoma nembira; iyo inozopedzisira yakashongedzwa neiyo silhouette yemasiki kana mhuka.
Kana iwe wakawana chinyorwa ichi cheCrafts yeTarahumaras chinonakidza, tinokukoka iwe kuti unakidzwe nezvimwe izvi: