Izicabucabu ziyizilwane ezingavamile ukuthi ngandlela-thile zibangela umthelela kubantu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezicabucabu futhi kulapha kulokhu okuthunyelwe lapho sizokukhombisa khona owaziwa kakhulu. Ngakho ngikumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda futhi ufunde okwengeziwe ngabo.
Izinhlobo Zezicabucabu
Izicabucabu zivusa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemizwa kubantu, ezinye ziyabesaba kanti ezinye zizithola zikhanga. Kubantu abaningi, iyabathakazelisa indlela abaluka ngayo amawebu abo kanye nemiklamo yabo emihle. Izicabucabu zihlukene ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ezinye zazo azinangozi, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ezinye zazo zigqama ngobuthi bazo.
Izici ezivelele kakhulu zezicabucabu ukuthi zinekhono lokukhiqiza izintambo zikasilika ezizozivumela ukuba zeluke izingwegwe ukuze zizingele inyamazane yazo. Okuthi uma seziwele kuzo azikwazi ukususwa, izicabucabu zine-oxoskeleton, okuwuhlobo lwezivikelo noma igobolondo elakha imizimba yazo. Baphinde babe namehlo ayi-8, nakuba kukhona abanye babo abanamehlo ayisi-6. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zinkulu kunabesilisa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezicabucabu emhlabeni futhi kulapho sizokubonisa khona ezinye zazo, ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona:
Isicabucabu se-Funnel-web (Atrax robustus)
Njengamanje, ngokocwaningo oluningi, isicabucabu se-funnel web noma njengoba saziwa futhi isicabucabu saseSydney sithathwa njengesicabucabu esiyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Indawo yayo yemvelo ise-Australia, ithathwa njengohlobo oluyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yamandla kashevu wayo. Izinga layo lobuthi liyabulala kumuntu, libuye lithathwe njengesicabucabu sasekhaya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inemikhuba ye-synanthropic, yokugcina kusho ukuthi bahlala ezindlini zabantu.
Lapho esinye salezi zicabucabu siluma umuntu, indawo ethintekile iqala ukulunywa. Uqala nokuzwa uhlobo lokukitaza emlonyeni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye nomkhuhlane akusekude ukufika. Isikhathi umuntu angafa ngaso sizohluka phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwezinsuku ezi-3, lokhu kuzothonywa iminyaka yomuntu olunyiwe.
Isicabucabu sikabhanana (Phoneutria nigriventer)
Isicabucabu se-funnel-web kanye nesicabucabu sikabhanana kuqhudelana indawo yesicabucabu esinoshevu kakhulu. Ngokocwaningo oluphakathi kwezinhlobo zezicabucabu, lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezicabucabu zingatholakala njengeziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Nakuba ososayensi abaningana bethi lesi sicabucabu sikabhanana siyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Kungcono ukugwema zombili izinhlobo zezicabucabu ukuze ugweme ukufa okubuhlungu okungenzeka.
Lezi zicabucabu zinezici ezihlukile mayelana nokubukeka kwazo, zinezinwele ezibomvu kanye nomzimba wazo onsundu ngokumnyama. Indawo yemvelo yalolu hlobo iseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi eBrazil, Colombia, Peru naseParaguay. Lezi zicabucabu zizingela inyamazane yazo ngamalembu azo (njengoba zonke zenza). Ukudla kwabo kusekelwe ezinambuzaneni ezincane, njengoba zinjalo; omiyane, izintethe nezimpukane.
Ubuthi bayo, njengoba sekushiwo, buyabulala inyamazane yayo, nokho, uma iluma umuntu ijwayele ukukhula isimo esibucayi, esiholela ekufeni. Ucwaningo oluningana lubonise ukuthi emadodeni abangela ukuqhanyelwa amahora ambalwa. Ngokuphathelene namacala abucayi kakhulu atholakale ngenxa yokulunywa kwalezi zicabucabu yilezo ezikhiqizwa ezinganeni.
Umfelokazi omnyama (Latrodectus mactans)
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezicabucabu sithola uhlobo lwezilwane ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni, umfelokazi omnyama. Lokhu kunobukhulu obuyisilinganiso obungama-50 mm, nokho, ubukhulu kwabesilisa buncane kakhulu kunobukabesifazane. Ukudla kwabo kusekelwe ezinambuzaneni, njengezimbungulu zezinkuni namanye ama-arachnid.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lezi zicabucabu zinolaka, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Umfelokazi omnyama uyisilwane esesabayo, esizimele sodwa futhi esingenalo ulaka kakhulu. Kumelwe bazi ukuthi ihlasela kuphela lapho izizwa isongelwa nalapho icasulwa. Izimpawu zokulunywa kwalesi sicabucabu ziveza ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha nesisu, futhi zikhiqiza umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-priapism. Lokhu kuntinyela akuvamile ukuba kubulale, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi bakhululekile ekubeni yingozi. Angase abangele ngisho nokufa kulabo abanempilo enhle noma abangekho esimweni esihle ngokomzimba.
Goliath Tarantula (Theraphosa blondi)
Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu lwaziwa ngokuthi i-Goliath tarantula, lulinganiselwa ku-30 cm ubude. Ngokuqondene nesisindo sawo, singamagremu angu-150. Ibhekwa njenge-tarantula enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi ingahlala iminyaka engama-25 yokuphila. Itholakala ikakhulukazi emahlathini nasezindaweni ezinomswakama, okungukuthi, bahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe, le tarantula iyimizulane, okungukuthi, iyodwa. Baqala ukufuna inkampani kuphela lapho bezwa isidingo sokukhiqiza kabusha. Ukudla kwabo ngokuyisisekelo kusekelwe kwizikelemu, amabhungane, izintethe nezinye izinambuzane. Ubuthi obukhiqizwa yilawa ma-tarantula ngokuvamile buyabulala inyamazane yabo, kodwa hhayi kubantu. Uma kwenzeka behlatshwa ngomunye, bazoveza isicanucanu, imfiva kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
I-Wolf spider (i-Lycosa erythrognatha)
Olunye uhlobo lwezicabucabu ezinobuthi kakhulu yiLycosa erythrognatha noma isicabucabu sempisi. Itholakala eNingizimu Melika, lapho ihlala khona emathafeni nasezintabeni, nakuba ingabonakala nasemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi ezingadini nasezindaweni ezinohlaza oluningi. Ezisikazi zalolu hlobo zinkulu kunezinduna. Umbala wayo unsundu ngokukhanyayo nemithende emibili emnyama. Esinye sezici ezihlukanisa isicabucabu se-wolf ukubona kwaso okubukhali, nokusebenza kahle emini nasebusuku.
Lolu hlobo luhlasela kuphela uma lucasuliwe, ubuthi obukhiqizwayo abubulali abantu. Kuzokwenza kuphela ukubonakala kwezinye izimpawu ezifana; ukuvuvukala endaweni elunyiwe, ukulunywa, isicanucanu nobuhlungu. Ayikho into engelashwa ukuzola nokunciphisa izimpawu.
Isicabucabu sesihlabathi esinamehlo angu-6 (Sicarius terrosus)
Lezi zicabucabu zibonakala ngokuba namehlo angu-6, yaziwa nangokuthi isicabucabu se-hitman. Iwuhlobo olutholakala ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Bahlala ogwadule nasezindaweni ezinesihlabathi, lapho zifihleke khona ngokuphelele, ngakho kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola. Lolu hlobo lunobukhulu obungama-50 mm nemilenze enwetshiwe.
Lesi sicabucabu siwuhlobo lokuzulazula. Zihlasela kuphela lapho zicasuliwe noma lapho zizingela inyamazane yazo. Lesi sicabucabu sikhiqiza ushevu oyingozi obulala izicubu, nanamuhla alikho ikhambi lobuthi baso. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ubuthi balolu hlobo lwesicabucabu bubhubhisa izicubu futhi bubangele izinkinga eziningi zokujikeleza kwegazi. Umthelela noma umonakalo engawudala uzohluka kuye ngenani likashevu elijovwe.
Isicabucabu esibomvu (Latrodectus hasselti)
Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu luvame ukudideka nolunye uhlobo lwezilwane, ikakhulukazi umfelokazi omnyama, lokhu kungenxa yokufana kwazo okukhulu kokubili okunakho. Zinomzimba omnyama futhi zibonakala ngendawo ebomvu etholakala ngemuva kwesicabucabu. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu ngokuvamile luhlukaniswa nalezi ezinobuthi. Zingatholakala e-Australia, lapho zihlala ezindaweni ezomile nezipholile.
Ngokuqondene nokulunywa kwayo, akubulali, kodwa kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni elunyiwe, kanye nezinye izimpawu ezinjengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, isifo sohudo, ukundindizela ngisho nomkhuhlane. Uma ingelashwa ngokushesha, izimpawu zivame ukukhula ngamandla, kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu bungenakubekezeleleka.
I-Hobo spider (Eratigena agrestis)
Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu lunamagama amaningana, phakathi kwawo singathola isicabucabu se-vagrant noma i-tegenaria yezwe. Itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu nase-United States. Ibonakala ngokuba nemilenze emide kakhulu futhi enoboya. Lolu hlobo lubonakala nge-dimorphism yobulili ngobukhulu, kodwa hhayi ngombala.
Ngakho kwabesifazane balinganiselwa ku-18mm ubude kanti abesilisa balinganiselwa ku-6mm kuphela. Isikhumba sakho kokubili sinamathoni ansundu afanayo, angakhanya noma amnyama. Ubuthi obukhishwa yilezi zicabucabu abubulali abantu. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukulunywa kwayo kuzobangela ubuhlungu bekhanda futhi kuvame nokubhubhisa izicubu zendawo ethintekile.
I-Brown Recluse (Loxosceles reclusa)
Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu olunobuthi obudlulele, lolu uhlobo olunomzimba onsundu ongakala u-2 cm. Isici esivelele kunazo zonke ku-recluse ensundu amandla ayo okubona ama-degree angu-300 futhi inophawu olungavamile kakhulu olunomumo we-violin. Lolu phawu lutholakala ku-thorax. Inani lobuthi obujovwe yilesi sicabucabu lingabulala. Izimpawu ezingavezwa yilo shevu umkhuhlane, ukugodola, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ngaphandle kwalokho abangela amabhamuza endaweni ethintekile, lawa lapho eqhuma abangela ukubola, okungukuthi, ukufa kwezicubu zamangqamuzana.
I-Yellow Sac Spider (Cheiracanthium punctorium)
Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu ngolunye oluyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yamandla obuthi ubuthi baso obunawo. Igama eliqanjwe lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu kungenxa yendlela esisebenzisa ngayo amasaka kasilika ukuze sizivikele. Umzimba ubonakala ngokuba nomzimba ophuzi ngokuphaphathekile, nakuba kukhona okuhlukile lapho kukhona ama-specimens anomzimba oluhlaza futhi onsundu.
Lolu hlobo luphinde lubonakale ngokuzingela ebusuku, isikhathi lapho zithatha khona ithuba lokudla izinambuzane ezincane futhi zidle ngisho nezinye izinhlobo zezicabucabu. I-mincer yayo ayibulali, kodwa njengabanye abaningi ivame ukudala izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, njengokuluma, ukuvutha nokushisa.
I-Giant Huntsman Spider (Heteropoda maxima)
Lesi sicabucabu esaziwa ngokuthi i-giant hunting spider sibonakala ngokuba yizilwane ezinemilenze emide kakhulu emhlabeni. Zingafinyelela cishe ku-30 cm ubude lapho zinwetshiwe. Lezi zicabucabu zitholakala ezwenikazi lase-Asia.
Ezinye izici ezivelele ukuthi ngokuvamile ziyashesha kakhulu futhi azitholakali, ziyakwazi ukuhamba kunoma iyiphi indawo. Ubuthi obukhishwa yilolu hlobo lwesicabucabu buyingozi kakhulu kubantu, imiphumela yabo kubantu idala uchungechunge lwezimpawu ezihlanganisa ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo ngisho nokubanda.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezicabucabu, kodwa lezo esikubonisa zona kulokhu okuthunyelwe yizona eziqashelwa kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi wazi kancane ngamunye wabo, uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakho uhlangana nomunye wabo, wazi ukuthi ungawubona kanjani. Ngakho-ke ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ukuze ube nobuthi noma cha.
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko, ngiyakumema futhi ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda izihloko ezilandelayo ezizokuthakazelisa kakhulu: