Esinye sezihloko zezingxoxo ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke esokongiwa kweplanethi yomhlaba kanye nomthelela oye waba nawo imisebenzi yabantu, ukuqongelela inani elikhulu lezinto ezicekela phansi futhi zicekele phansi imvelo, esihlokweni esilandelayo sizofunda ngenye yezinsalela eziyinhloko ezithinta imvelo. futhi ziyi-Solid Waste, masazise konke ngazo esihlokweni esilandelayo.
Udoti oqinile
Umphakathi uye wagqama ekuthuthukiseni amathuluzi ahlukene kanye nezinto eziwusizo ukuze kuzuze futhi kukhule impilo yabo bonke abantu, phakathi naso sonke lesi sigaba sokucaciswa nokusetshenziswa komphakathi kuzoba nezinsalela nokumosha okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Ziqongelele futhi zibe nomthelela. , okubangela umthelela onamandla wemvelo.Kulokhu, izinhlobo ezahlukene zemfucuza zingagqanyiswa, ezizoxhunyaniswa ngokuqondile nemvelo yazo.
Kungaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemfucuza ewuketshezi, enegesi futhi eqinile. Sigqamisa esihlokweni esilandelayo imfucumfucu eqinile ehambisana nezinto noma imikhiqizo enesimo esiqinile noma esiqinile, okuyizinto ezisele ezivela komunye umkhiqizo, lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lungasetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokudlula inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuhlanzwa kanye nokuguqulwa njenge inqobo nje uma kuyizinto ezinikezelwe ukulahlwa.
Kubhekwa njengento evele iwufezile umsebenzi wayo kanye nomsebenzi wayo, ngokuvamile ivame ukulahlwa futhi ngaleso sikhathi ibhekwa njengemfucuza. Imfucuza yaziwa njengazo zonke lezo zinto ezingaba usizo futhi ezingenalo uhlobo lwenani lezomnotho, ngakho ngokuvamile ziyalahlwa futhi azibhekwa njengeziwusizo kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo zikadoti zivame ukuqedwa ngokuzifaka ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu nasezindaweni ezingazodwa, kokunye kuqokwe ukuzisebenzisa kabusha.
Ngokuvamile ziyiqoqo lemfucuza enesimo esiqinile, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemfucuza eqinile, phakathi kwazo, imfucumfucu eqinile yasemadolobheni iyagqama, ibhekisela kuzo zonke lezo zinhlobo zemikhiqizo ezivela ngaphakathi kwezikhungo zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zamathonya. Zivame ukukhiqizwa kulawo makhaya noma ezindaweni ezizimele njengezindlu, amafulethi, phakathi kwezinye. Iphinde igqame ngokuba nomthelela kulezo zindawo ezifana namahhovisi, kanjalo nezitolo zamabhizinisi ahlukene.
Ezinye zezibonelo eziyinhloko zemfucumfucu eqinile zihambisana nalezo ezihlanganisa amaphepha asetshenzisiwe, amabhodlela epulasitiki, ingilazi evela ezindaweni kanye nokupakishwa kwamakhadibhodi; ukugqamisa kulokhu lezo zitsha zamafutha emoto kanye nomusi ovela ku-chimneys awufaki ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza eqinile, ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezingxenye zibamba iqhaza.
I-Solid Waste ihlukaniswa kanjani?
Izinsalela zisho uhlobo lwempahla enesibopho sokulahlwa futhi kwezinye izimo ukuthi iphinde isetshenziswe ngemva kokwelashwa okukhethekile, izikhathi eziningi imfucumfucu eqinile eyakhiwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezivame ukuthatha umthamo okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zibe udoti ngoba abanalo noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenani lezomnotho.
Imfucumfucu eqinile ingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene kanye nezincazelo ezihlukahlukene, lapho okwamanje kugqanyiswa khona ukuthi itholakala ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu aziwa ngokuthi imfucuza eqinile eyingozi nengenabungozi, egqanyiswe ngezansi:
- Udoti oqinile oyingozi:
Imvamisa kuthathwa njengazo zonke lezo zinto ezilahliwe ezingaba yingozi emvelweni nasekuphepheni kwabantu, ziqoqe zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ezingase zibe yingozi ezakhamuzini futhi konke lokhu kungenxa yezakhiwo ezilimaza kakhulu, noma ngenxa yobungozi bayo. ezonakalisayo, kanye neziqhumane zayo nezinobuthi.
- Udoti oqinile ongenabungozi
Zihambisana nazo zonke lezo zinsiza ezingamele noma yiluphi uhlobo lwengozi noma zidalule ukuphepha kwazo zonke izakhamizi nendawo, ngakho-ke zivame ukubhekwa njengeziphephe kakhulu, zihlukaniswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Okuvamile: ihambisana nazo zonke lezo zinsalela ezingaba khona usuku nosuku emphakathini, ukuqoqa labo abavela emakhaya, ezikoleni, emahhovisi kanye nasezibhedlela. Yilezo zinsalela ezitholakala ngemva kokufika ukuze zenze usuku olujwayelekile lwemisebenzi
- Iyatholakala ku-Biodegradables: izici zazo zonke lezo zinto ezisetshenziswayo noma izinsalela ezivame ukubonakala ngokuhlakazeka futhi nangokululaza ngokushesha okukhulu, zize zibe uhlobo oluthile lwento ephilayo, kulokhu kungafaka zonke lezo zinsalela ezimele izinsalela zokudla, okuhlanganisa izithelo nemifino. . Ihambisana nalezo zinsalela ngamakhemikhali kanye nezinsalela zemvelo ezivame ukubola kalula.
- Inert: ihambelana nazo zonke lezo zinsalela ezihlukaniswa ngenxa yokuthi aziboli kalula emvelweni, kodwa zingathatha iminyaka eminingi ukubola. Kulokhu, zonke lezo zinto ezicutshungulwa kakhulu njengekhadibhodi, iphepha futhi ikakhulukazi lezo ezinjengamapulasitiki ziyagqama. Lolu hlobo lwemfucuza alukwazi ukuguqulwa lube impahla eluhlaza futhi ukuwohloka kwayo kuthanda ukuhamba kancane kakhulu.
- isebenziseka kabusha: Okubhekwa njengalezo zinto ezingase zibe ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezahlukene ukuze ziphinde zisetshenziswe, phakathi kwazo ingilazi, ezinye izindwangu namaphepha agqamile, ngisho namanye avela kumapulasitiki kanye ne-propylene. Lezo ezigaywa kabusha azivamile ukuphuka kalula futhi zingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa.
- Kuyingozi: ihambisana nalezo zinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinezakhiwo ezigqwalayo, ngaphezu kokusebenza kabusha, ukuqhuma, ubuthi, ukuguquguquka kanye ne-pathogenicity, phakathi kwezinye izakhiwo ezingathonya impilo yomphakathi kanye nemvelo.
Ukuhlukaniswa Okujwayelekile Kwemfucuza Eqinile
Ezinye izincazelo zokuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza eqinile zizoncika endleleni ezivame ukuhunyushwa ngayo, njengoba kulokhu kuningi okujwayelekile, okuqoqwa njengezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-inorganic, okungagqanyiswa ngezansi:
- Udoti oqinile we-organic
Ihambisana nazo zonke lezo zinto ezingonakaliswa ngesikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa, zize zibole zize ziwohloke ngokuphelele, ezinye zazo ezingafakwa kuleli qembu lesithelo ikhasi, izinsalela zokudla, amakhambi, amaqabunga, izindwangu, izinkuni, amakhadibhodi, amaphepha, izimpande. Zonke zinesikhathi sokuwohloka esihluke ngokuphelele, ezinezikhathi eziguquguqukayo kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwempahla futhi kucatshangelwa izakhiwo zazo ezibolayo.
- Imfucuza Engaphili
Ihambisana nazo zonke lezo zakhi noma izinto ezingakwazi ukubola kalula, lapho zingathola khona imijikelezo emide kakhulu yokuwohloka; Konke lokhu kubangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali ezizenzayo futhi yini ebangela ukuwohloka kancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto; Iningi lale mfucumfucu ingaphinde isetshenziswe futhi isetshenziswe kabusha, kuhlanganise neqembu lamapulasitiki, izitsha zobumba, i-zinc, insimbi, amathini kanye nemfucumfucu yokwakha.
Udoti wezinto ezingaphili ubonakala ngokuba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo futhi lokhu kubangwa ukucekelwa phansi kwawo okunzima lapho eminye ithatha iminyaka engaphezu kweyikhulu ukucekelwa phansi, kudala inkinga enkulu ukuze ibe nokulahlwa okufanele ngesikhathi sokulahlwa. ukucekelwa phansi okuthile kwemvelo. Phakathi kwezinye zezinto ezingatholwa amabhethri, angangcolisa kakhulu futhi abe yingozi.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemfucuza Eqinile ngokwemvelaphi yayo
Imfucuza inezimo ezihlukahlukene ezingakunika isimo esithile sezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke ihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngokwesimo sayo (okuqinile, okuwuketshezi. Igesi). Ukuzihlukanisa kule siphithiphithi ngokuhlukaniswa ngokomsebenzi osudale ukuthi kube khona kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezigaba zayo, kulokhu kungagqanyiswa izinhlobo ezilandelayo ezigqame kakhulu zodoti oqinile:
- Imfucuza kamasipala: ihambisana nemfucuza evela emikhakheni esondelene nomphakathi.
- Imfucuza yezimboni: ihambelana nayo yonke imfucuza evela engxenyeni yezimboni zomphakathi.
- Izinsalela zezimayini: iphathelene nalezo zinsalela ezivela ekuphathweni kwezimayini endaweni.
- Imfucuza Yesibhedlela: Ihambisana nemfucuza evela emkhakheni wezokwelapha.
- Imfucuza yasekhaya: leyo evela ezindlini, emahhovisi nasezimbonini eziseduze
- Izinsalela zezolimo: zihambisana nalezo zinsalela zokwelashwa kwezolimo kanye nokunqwabelana kukamanyolo endaweni.
Ukuphathwa Kwemfucuza Eqinile
Kunezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuphatha imfucuza, kulokhu udoti oqinile wasemadolobheni, odingeka kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukulawula udoti oqinile futhi unciphise umthelela ongase ube nawo. Kulokhu, kugqama ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ezidingekayo zokwelashwa kwemfucuza eqinile:
- Isigaba sokuqala
Ihambisana nesigaba sokuqoqwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa okuzokwenziwa okuqinile, kuleli phuzu izinyathelo ezifana nokuqoqwa ngokwazo, ukuthutha okusetshenzisiwe kanye nalapho imfucuza ikhishwa futhi ilahlwa iyagqanyiswa.
- Isigaba sesibili
Kuthathwa njengesiteji lapho yonke imfucuza noma izinto eziqinile zingalahlwa futhi zigaywe kabusha.Kulesi sigaba, yonke leyo mikhiqizo engalahlwa futhi igaywe kabusha iqala ukucatshangelwa, futhi lapho ngayinye izokwabelwa lapho iya khona, okuwumkhiqizo. okulandelayo ukugqamisa:
- Ukulahlwa kwedoti
Iphethe ukukwazi ukwabela indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu ye-sanitary, ihambisana nendlela ephethe ukukwazi ukuqeda yonke imfucumfucu eqinile engafakwa phansi, ngale ndlela impahla ivame ukusabalala futhi ihlanganiswe, lokhu kungukuthi. indlela enconyiwe kakhulu yayo yonke imfucuza eyingozi.
- Ukushiswa
Ukushiswa kwemfucuza eqinile kuhambisana nesistimu enesibopho sokukwazi ukuphatha yonke into ehlobene nodoti futhi ngale ndlela ikwazi ukushisa yonke into ethathwa njengemfucuza ngokuyibeka ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngale ndlela inganciphisa ivolumu ifinyelele cishe. eyodwa 90% futhi ngisho nomthelela isisindo sayo 75%. Enye yezinkinga zayo eziyinhloko ukuthi le ndlela ingakhiqiza umlotha, izinsalela namagesi anobuthi kubantu.
- Isigaba sesithathu: Ukuhlukaniswa nokusetshenziswa
Uhlelo lokuhlukanisa ngokwezigaba kanye nokusetshenziswa lubophezelekile ukuhlukanisa yonke imfucuza eqinile ukuze emva kokwelashwa ilashwe futhi ibuyiselwe. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezinqubo namasu anesibopho sokukwazi ukubuyisela zonke izinto futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphinde zisetshenziswe kuye ngokuthi kungenxa yomsebenzi wazo wangempela noma into efanayo.
Izici Zemfucuza Eqinile
Udoti oqinile ubonakala ngokuba khona emikhakheni eyahlukene yomhlaba futhi uhlale uveza izici ezifanayo lapho okumele uhlolwe khona ukwazi uhlobo lokwelashwa ozophathwa ngalo. Ngakho-ke, izici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Umswakama
- Ubukhulu
- Amandla Ekhalori
- Imvelaphi nezakhiwo enazo
Imiphumela yokuphathwa kabi kukadoti oqinile
Ukulawulwa kwemfucuza kubonakala ngokuba yiqoqo lemisebenzi enesibopho sokukwazi ukuphatha imfucuza ngendlela efanele, ngendlela efanayo eyenziwa ngenhloso eyodwa nefanelekile, kungase kube nokuthi kukhona ukuphathwa kabi kwemfucuza, ngenxa yalokho okulandelayo ukugqamisa:
- Izingozi zempilo
Ngenxa yokwelashwa okuhlukene okutholwa yimfucuza, kungadala izifo ngqo noma ngokungaqondile kubantu abakwenzayo, lokhu kungenye yezifundo ezinhle ezenziwa ochwepheshe, ukunquma ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa okudingekayo.
- Imiphumela eyingozi endaweni ezungezile
Ukuphathwa kwemfucuza okukhulu kungadala ukuwohloka okukhulu kobuhle bawo wonke amadolobha kanye nayo yonke indawo yemvelo, kudale umthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo kuwo wonke umkhakha owuzungezile.
- Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi
Amanzi angenye yezinto ezithinteka kakhulu ekuphathweni kwemfucuza eqinile ngoba ukugeleza nokulahlwa kwemifula kuyimbangela yokuhudula imfucuza futhi iqoqeke emseleni wayo, okubangela i-eutrophication.
- Ukungcoliswa kwenhlabathi
Ngenxa yokunqwabelana kobuthi emvelweni obugcina bunqwabelene emhlabeni, bukhiqize ukuvundisa ngokweqile komhlabathi futhi kube nokuchitheka komhlabathi.
- Ukungcoliswa komoya
Ukwelashwa kwemfucuza eqinile kungaba yingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokukhishwa kwentuthu negesi, okuholela ekwehleni kwezinga lomoya ophefumulayo edolobheni.
Izimo zokuphatha okuhle
Nakuba zingaveza imiphumela eminingi engemihle yokulawula ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza, zingaphinda zikhiqize izimo ezinhle eziyizizathu eziyinhloko okufanele zenziwe ngezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, lapho izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko ezizogqanyiswa ziqashelwa khona:
- Ukubuyiselwa kwezindawo
Esinye sezimo eziyinhloko zokuqhuba ukwelashwa kwemfucuza eqinile ukukwazi ukubuyisela izindawo ezithintekayo nomthelela wawo, ngale ndlela amathuba okungcola ayancishiswa.
- Ukugaywa kabusha
Ivumela ukudala imikhuba emisha nezimfundiso ezintsha ezifana nokugaywa kabusha ukuze kwenziwe ukwelashwa kwezinto.
Indlela yokulawula Udoti Oqinile Ngokweqile?
Izwe ngalinye linemithethonqubo, izinqubo kanye nemithetho esetshenziswayo ukugwema ukunqwabelana ngokweqile kwemfucuza eqinile, kodwa njengezakhamuzi kumele sisekele ukulawulwa kwemfucuza lapho kugqugquzelwa ukuthatha izinyathelo ezithile ezingalawula ukumosheka ngokweqile, lokhu ngokusebenzisa imfundo emikhakheni eyahlukene. imikhuba efana nokugcina imfucuza ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene futhi uyihlukanise ngokwehlukana.
Kungaqokonyiswa iqiniso lokuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-60 ayo yonke imfucuza ivame ukukhiqizwa ezindlini, ngenxa yalokhu amasu ahlukahlukene azalwa ukuze asekele ukulawulwa kwemfucuza eyeqile, eyaziwa ngokuthi umthetho wama-R amathathu "nciphisa, sebenzisa futhi uphinde usebenzise kabusha". ”, eqinisekisa ushintsho olukhulu olukhulu kulabo abenza ama-Rs amathathu.
Kulezi zimo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinqubo ezinesibopho sokukwazi ukuxazulula zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga, ukuthatha izinyathelo ngokuya ngalokho okufakwe phakathi kwemithetho emi-3 elandelayo ukugqamisa:
- Nciphisa
Yehlisa noma yehlise zonke lezo ezingadala ukunqwabelana okukhulu kwemfucuza futhi lokhu kungagwenywa ngokunciphisa amanani esiwasebenzisayo.
- Phinda usebenzise
Phinda usebenzise zonke izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokuzenza zibe udoti noma udoti. Ngale ndlela, ukusetshenziswa kukhuthazwa okungaba nensizakalo enkulu ukuze kusetshenziswe futhi.
- Phinda usebenzise kabusha
Buyisela kabusha zonke izinto ezingasetshenziswa futhi njengephepha, ingilazi, amapulasitiki, amathini, phakathi kokunye. Ukuziguqulela zibe impahla eluhlaza ukuze zisetshenziswe futhi.
Ukubaluleka kokugaywa kabusha
Ukugaywa kabusha kuwumsebenzi wokuthola ithuba lokusebenzisa izinto esezisetshenzisiwe kakade futhi ezingasetshenziselwa olunye uhlobo lwenjongo. Kulokhu, izinsiza ezivuselelekayo ziyagqanyiswa, njengezihlahla ezikhiqiza ukubaluleka okukhulu ekulondolozweni kwempilo emhlabeni, ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngezici ezithile ezibalulekile zokugaywa kabusha:
- Ingakhiqizela abantu emiphakathini imisebenzi eminingi.
- Ibangela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo egaywe kabusha kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
- Inani elikhulu lemithombo yemvelo ligcinwa, linciphisa umthelela wendawo.
- Zuza kudoti wemvelo ukwenza umquba futhi usetshenziswe ezingadini ezivamile.
- Guqula udoti ube ngumanyolo ophilayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela uphathe udoti wemvelo.
- Imfucuza ye-inorganic ingagqitshwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela iqoqwe yinkonzo kamasipala.
- Ukugaywa kabusha kusivumela ukuthi sehlise zonke izindleko ezihlobene nezindleko zokuqoqwa.
- Ivumela ukunciphisa umthamo wayo yonke imfucuza eqinile.
- Ivumela ukwelula impilo ewusizo yezinhlelo zokulahla imfucumfucu.
- Yonga ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezizosetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwayo yonke imikhiqizo ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezidingekayo ukuze zigaywe kabusha.
Amakhodi Wokuqoqwa Kwemfucuza
I-recycling iwuhlelo oluhlelekile futhi oluhlukanisiwe olusetshenziswa uhlelo lombala ukuqoqa udoti ezikhwameni ngale ndlela ukuze ukwazi ukuhlukanisa futhi uhlukaniswe ngohlobo lwemfucuza ofuna ukuyilahla. Imibala esetshenzisiwe yile elandelayo ukugqamisa:
- Izikhwama ezibomvu zihambisana nodoti wemvelo kanye nalezo zinsalela zokudla okomile
- Izikhwama Eziphuzi zisetshenziselwa izinsimbi, amathini namapulasitiki.
- Izikhwama eziluhlaza zisetshenziselwa ingilazi.
Ukubaluleka kokuhlukanisa Imfucuza Eqinile
Kutuswa ukuba siphile ngokunaka zonke izidingo zomuntu kanye nomthelela thina njengabantu esingawukhiqiza endaweni ezungezile, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwehlukanisa zonke izinto eziphilayo nezingaphili, ngoba lokhu kuthonya izinga lempilo yabantu kanye nasemvelweni. ngale ndlela ukuqwashisa ngokukhiqiza isiko lemvelo elisha elisekela umphakathi wabo.
Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphinde usebenzise amathani ephepha eligawuliwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesintu kanye nezinto ezihlukahlukene, ufinyelele iphuzu lokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokuphathwa kabi kwezindawo eziluhlaza, ngale ndlela imvelo iyalondolozwa futhi igalelo lokuqala lomoya-mpilo empilweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuselela ezinye izinto ezifana nengilazi okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha namaminerali adingekayo kakhulu ekwenzeni eminye imikhiqizo edingekayo.
Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukwazi ukukhulisa zonke izinsiza ezibonakalayo, ukwazi ukuzihlukanisa ngokwezigaba zabo zombala, uqaphele njalo ukuthi ungangezi umkhiqizo ongalungile onjengama-solids kanye noyingozi ohlelweni lokukhucululwa kwendle, ukuqaphela kakhulu lapho usebenzisa izinsalela zamakhemikhali, konke lokhu kuzovimbela ukuchitheka kwezinto.
Ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwemfucuza ngaphandle kokuguqula
Kulokhu, kugqama ngokuya ngohlobo lokwelashwa olusetshenziswayo, uhlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ngokuya ngoguquko olusetshenziselwa ukufeza ukuhlukaniswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Imikhiqizo yemvelo
Ihambisana naleyo mikhiqizo evela emvelweni njengamagatsha, amatshe neziqu, ezingasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kocingo oluyisisekelo, ngaphezu kokwakha izinkundla ezincane ezivuna umsebenzi womuntu phakathi kwazo.
- Imikhiqizo Yokwenziwa
Ihambisana naleyo mikhiqizo ekhiqizwa umuntu futhi engase ibe nensiza ethile ezoguqulwa ibe into engasetshenziswa kodwa isetshenziselwe enye injongo njengamabhodlela epulasitiki, amabhokisi, izembozo zamasondo, phakathi kokunye.
- Imikhiqizo yemvelaphi yasekhaya
Ihambisana naleyo mikhiqizo ekhiqizwa isimo somndeni emahhovisi, ezikoleni nasezitolo njengamaphepha ephephandaba neziqephu zamaphepha.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sibe usizo, sikushiyela ezinye izindatshana ezizoba usizo olukhulu:
Imiphumela Yokuwohloka Kwemvelo