Wonke umuntu uyabazi futhi wonke umuntu udle okungenani eyodwa empilweni yakhe: sikhuluma ngakho i-hamburger, mhlawumbe isangweji edume kakhulu futhi ukudla okusheshayo ngokwenza kahle. Ihambe emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamaketanga afana noMcDonald's (kulokhu, sincoma ukubuka ifilimu Umsunguli nguJohn Lee Hancock), futhi namuhla siyithola ezinhlobonhlobo eziyinkulungwane, kusukela ku inyama yakudala kuze kube i-vegan.
Kodwa, yini ngempela efihliwe ngemuva kwalolo hlobo lwe-meatball eyosiwe evame ukukhonzwa nge-ulethisi, utamatisi no-anyanisi, futhi ihambisana nentaba yamafrimu aseFrance? Kuthiwani uma bekungeyona into eqanjiwe yaseMelika? Ake sithole okuyinkimbinkimbi indaba ye-hamburger, abaningi abathi bangabadali bayo.
I-hamburger inesiqalo saseJalimane
Ake siluqale uhambo lwethu oluzosiholela ekuvumbululeni umlando obambekayo wesinye sezitsha ezidumile emhlabeni wonke, okubukeka sengathi kukhona okungenani ishumi labantu abaphikisana nokubaluleka kokukusungula nokusabalalisa. Uzoqala ngaphi ke? Kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi kulokhu kufanele sibuyele emuva ku-1891, ngo Alemaniangokuqondile edolobheni lase IHamburg.
Ingabe uyakubona ukufana okuthile? Yebo yebo, empeleni kubonakala sengathi i-hamburger yasungulwa othile U-Otto Kuasw, umpheki waseJalimane ukuthi uke wazama ukukhipha isoseji emathunjini awo, wawenza isicaba, futhi alithose ebhotela. Kodwa umqondo omkhulu wawuwukuthi uwufake phakathi kwezingcezu ezimbili zesinkwa.
Ngokusho kokwakhiwa kabusha komlando (kanye nezinye izinganekwane), lesi sandwich - esaziwa ngokuthi "i-steak yaseJalimane" - saqala ukuthandwa phakathi kwabasebenzi basechwebeni laseHamburg kanye namatilosi, ngoba ukudla okusheshayo nokunenhliziyo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kwakumnandi kakhulu.
Kodwa lesi steak sesoseji, esigaywe kahle futhi esifakwe phakathi kwezingcezu ezimbili zesinkwa, safika kanjani eMelika? Nokho, iHamburg iyindawo eyinhloko yokuphuma echwebeni laseJalimane, futhi ukusuka lapho kubonakala sengathi, ngo-1894, amanye amatilosi ayebe nenhlanhla yokuzama lesi sidlo esiphundu, lapho efika eNew York, akhuluma ngamasemishi aseKuasw. Ngaleso sikhathi, abapheki bezindawo zokudlela endaweni baqala ukulungiselela amatilosi lesi sandwich... ngaleyo ndlela, iresiphi, eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Hamburger Steak, okungukuthi, i-steak "yalabo abavela e-Hamburg".
Kuphinde kukhulunywe ngemvelaphi yaseRussia...
Enye inguqulo yendaba efanayo - ehlala ibona idolobha laseHamburg njenge-protagonist - itshela ukuthi, empeleni, AmaMongol, ngekhulu le-XNUMX, abasakaza isiko lenyama egayiwe: kubonakala sengathi bagcina "ama-appetizers" ngaphansi kwesihlalo samahhashi, ukuze inyama ibe mnene ngenkathi igibele futhi, uma kunesidingo, bayisuse ngaphansi kwesihlalo. isihlalo sehhashi kanye ne-voilà… base bevele benesidlo sasemini esimnandi ngaphandle ngisho nokwehla ehhashini!
UKhubilai Khan, umzukulu kaGenghis Khan, ubonakala esakaza lesi siko eliyinqaba lapho ehlasela iMoscow, ngokusobala ephethe amasiko namasiko akhe. Ngakho-ke lesi siko "samukelwa" amaRussia, aqala ukulibiza i-tartare ye-steak. Kodwa iRussia ihlangene ngani neHamburg? Ngokwalokhu kwakhiwa kabusha komlando, bekungaba imikhumbi yaseRussia, ngakho-ke, ukuthi ngekhulu le-XNUMX ilethe iresiphi ye-steak tartare echwebeni laseHamburg, lapho kwakukhona idlanzana laseRussia elibhaliswe ngokuqinile, kangangokuthi Idolobha laseJalimane laqanjwa ngokuthi "ichweba laseRussia".
Futhi njengoba bekungeke kube ngaphansi... amaMelika nawo athi angawokuqala
Njengaku- ketchup, ngakho-ke kubonakala sengathi "kusemthethweni" lokho i-hamburger ayizalelwanga e-america nokuthi inobudlelwano obukhethekile nedolobha laseJalimane iHamburg. Kodwa kwenzekani ngeresiphi lapho isifikile Ezweni Elisha? Kulapha, eqinisweni, lapho indaba iqala ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi abaningi bayaphikisana nobunikazi beresiphi... kithina ukuthi sinqume ukuthi iyiphi imvelaphi yama-hamburger nomdali wawo.
Uma ubungase ubuze isimo Wisconsin lapho kwazalelwa khona isangweji elidume kakhulu emhlabeni, impendulo izoba sobala. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi idolobha laseSeymour lizibiza ngokuthi "indlu ye-burger", ngoba ngokusobala, ngo-1885, okuthile UCharles Nagreen, ongowokuzalwa kulelo dolobha, wasungula i-hamburger yokuqala yesimanje emlandweni. Ngokwalokhu kwakhiwa kabusha, uNagreen oneminyaka engu-15 ubudala uvule idokodo e-Outagamie County Fair edayisa amadombolo. Nokho, ibhizinisi lalingahambi kahle, ngoba ama-meatballs ayengakhululekile ukudla ngenkathi ehamba embukisweni ... ngakho, ngomzuzwana wokuphefumulelwa, le nsizwa yacabanga. wacabangiswa, uwabeke phakathi kwamasemishi amabili bese uwabiza ngokuthi “amabhega”.
Burger Hall of Fame
Futhi ngokusobala kwakuyisinqumo esifanele, njengoba njalo ngonyaka wayebuya ukuyothengisa amakhono akhe embukisweni, evuna impumelelo enkulu, waze waziwa ngokuthi "i-Hamburger Charlie". Ibhizinisi laqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1951, unyaka wokushona kwakhe, kodwa isiqubulo sakhe - Amabhega, amabhega, amabhega ashisayo; anyanisi phakathi, pickle phezulu. Yenza umlomo wakho uphuze: ukuheha abantu ukuthi bathenge amasemishi akhe, wayeseqophe umlando. Namuhla, eqinisweni, I-Wisconsin izishaya isifuba ngokuba ne- Burger Hall of Fame futhi ihlela, njalo ngo-Agasti, umkhosi onikezelwe ngokuphelele kulokhu kudla okusheshayo, nemicimbi efana "nombukiso wama-hamburger amakhulu emhlabeni". Owinile? Okwamanje irekhodi liphethwe ngomunye wamakhilogremu angu-5.520 asetshenziswa ngo-1989.
Abazalwane bakwaManches banqoba iHamburg, manje eNew York
Sathuthela eCanton, Ohio, futhi sikwenza ngonyaka 1885. Lapha sihlangana no abafowabo uFrank noCharles Manches, owayenebhizinisi lokudayisa amasoseji agayiwe kumasekhethi e-fairground. Inganekwane ithi ngesikhathi behlela ukuthengisa amasemishi abo e- Izwe le-Erie Kulungile, edolobheni laseHamburg, esiFundazweni saseNew York, baphelelwa ingulube ngosuku oluthathwa njengolushisa kakhulu ukuba bangahlaba izilwane futhi bakwazi nokugcina ubuqotho benyama yabo (ake sithi abakwenzanga kakhulu ukuze kuzuze isilwane kodwa ukuze bajabulele kamuva inyama yabo) .
Kodwa lapho isidingo sicindezela... laba bazalwane ababili abazange bavume ukudangala futhi babheka enye indlela. Rbashintsha ingulube esikhundleni senyama yenkomo, beyicebisa ngekhofi, ushukela onsundu no-anyanisi ogazingiwe, futhi baqamba ngokuthi i-hamburger yendalo yabo ngokuhlonipha i-Hamburg, idolobha lapho umbukiso wawuqhutshelwa khona.
Ngakho...ngubani osungule i-hamburger?
Inguqulo egunyazwe kakhulu (naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bonke bazama ukuthatha ubukhulu babasunguli) yiyona eqinisekisa ukuthi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX, ezikebheni ithathwe ngu Abafuduki baseYurophu kuboshelwe América, ukuze konge isikhathi nemali, babekhonza amadombolo eyosiwe phakathi kwezingcezu ezimbili zesinkwa. Imikhumbi yayiyingxenye ye umugqa we-hamburg futhi ucabanga ukuthi isangweji laqanjwa lapho.
Kamuva, lapho behla eMelika, abafuduki baqhubeka nokulungisa lezi nyama ezishibhile, bezibiza ngokuthi. i-hamburger steak base beyehlisela egameni elilula, Burger, okusho ngesiJalimane ukuthi “kusuka edolobheni laseHamburg”. Ngesikhashana nje, lesi sidlo esihlwabusayo futhi esilula ukusidla (singajatshulelwa noma kuphi, ebhentshini, ehhovisi noma ngisho nokuhamba ngezinyawo) saduma emhlabeni wonke. United States.
Louis Lassen kanye nesidlo sasemini sikaLouis
Noma kunjalo, enye yemibono egunyazwe kakhulu yileyo eyenziwa yiyo ULouis Lassen kanye nalo ILouis Wunch Wagon, yavulwa ngo-1895 eNew Haven, eConnecticut. Okukhethekile? Indawo yokudlela yakhe yayihlanganisa a Inqola Yokudla, uhlobo lwenqola encane ehambayo edayisela abasebenzi ukudla kwasekuseni nokudla. Kodwa kungani le ndawo izishaya isifuba ngokuthi isungule i-hamburger yokuqala emlandweni?
Kubonakala sengathi usuku oluhle 1900, ikhasimende elilodwa lalijahe kakhulu futhi lalifuna ukudla kwasemini okusheshayo. Inganekwane ithi uLassen wathatha izinsalela zezibopho ezisele, wazigayafuthi ekugcineni, wazibeka phakathi kwezingcezu ezimbili zesinkwa esithosiwe, ukuze ikhasimende lakhe likwazi ukukuthatha futhi lisidle ngokunethezeka endleleni. Leyo kwakuyiphuzu lokugcina: ikhasimende lalijabule, futhi u-Lassen wacabanga ukwenza iresiphi yangempela kusukela kulowo mzamo wengozi. Kusukela lapho, uye waqhubeka ekhonza i-hamburger eyenziwe ngayo Izingcezu ezi-5 ezihlukene zenyama egaywe ngommese bese kuphekwa amakhabethe ensimbi akhethekile. Indaba kaLassen yaziwa ngokusemthethweni futhi icashunwe yi-Library of Congress, ebona uLouis Lunch njengendawo lapho kwathengiswa khona i-hamburger yokuqala ngo-1900.
Basebaningi abaqhudelana, futhi ama-burger asenazo izindlela zokuhamba kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-2022 kuya ku-XNUMX, kusukela kuchungechunge lwe-White Castle oluthengisa amasemishi amahlanu. amasenti, ngisho neMcDonald's noma iBurger King. Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sivuse ilukuluku lakho mayelana neyodwa yezindawo zokudlela ezisheshayo ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni, ezibanjwa njalo. 28 ngoMeyi njengoba Usuku Lomhlaba LweBurger. Ingabe sizogubha ngesemishi elimnandi? Futhi kuthiwani ngokuzama ama-vegan burgers?