Imbabazane isitshalo esinezinzuzo ezinkulu kumuntu nasezitshalweni ngokwazo. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziningi ezaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, okwamanje ibaluleke ngokukhethekile kweminye imithi. Futhi, isekelwa ucwaningo oluthile lwesayensi. Ngalo mqondo, sikumema ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko esithakazelisayo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngaso.
imbabazane
I-Nettle iwuhlobo lwezitshalo eziqoqwe ngezigaba ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Urtica, zivela eYurophu futhi zisakazeke eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu. Ivamise ukukhula njengokhula oluningi phakathi kwamamitha angu-1 no-1,5 ukuphakama, yaziwa njengesitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esimbozwe izinwele ezihlabayo esinamaqabunga afinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12 anemiphetho exubile egxilisa amaminerali amaningi. Izimpande zawo ziwugqinsi futhi isiqu sawo sinama-quadrangular futhi sinezimbambo, futhi sithwala izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza-ophuzi phakathi nezinyanga zokugcina zonyaka.
Esinye sezici zayo ukuthi ikhula emhlabathini omanzi ocebile nge-nitrogen. Itholakala kalula ezingadini futhi ijwayele ukwanda ezindaweni ezingenamuntu, onqenqemeni lwemifantu kanye nezindawo zokulahla imfucuza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitshalo esiqinisa futhi sikhuthaze izitshalo ezincane zomhlaba kanye nezitshalo ngokwazo, sisheshisa ukuvundisa, siqinise izitshalo, sinikeze ukuntuleka kosawoti wamaminerali kwezinye inhlabathi futhi sisiza inqubo ye-photosynthesis endaweni yayo.
Izinzuzo
Kuyisitshalo esinikeza izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo, kangangokuthi isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-antihistamine futhi ihlonishwa ngokuba i-ejenti elwa nokuvuvukala ezimweni zesikhumba, ikhala, amehlo, uhlelo lokuphefumula kanye nokugaya ukudla. Inganikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo ezimpawini ezinjengokuminyana emakhaleni, ukukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ukulunywa, nokucasuka kwesisu. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu nokunye okuningi, ngezansi sethula izingxenye zamakhemikhali ezitholakala engxenyeni ngayinye yazo.
Amaqabunga awo aqukethe i-chlorophyll, i-carotenoids, i-flavonoid, i-organic acid, i-calcium, insimbi, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-zinc, i-silica namavithamini a, b, c kanye no-k. Futhi aqukethe i-mucilage, i-scopoletoside ne-sitosterol. Ezinweleni zezitshalo ine-acetylcholine, i-histamine ne-serotonin. Ngokufanayo, i-tannins, i-titosterols, i-ceramides, i-phenylropanes, i-lignin, phakathi kwezinye izingxenye, ikhona ezimpandeni. Ama-acids ayo e-organic kanye ne-chlorophyll kuyinikeza izinzuzo zokukhipha isisu, okwenza kube lula ngomzimba ukukhipha ubuthi obudala umonakalo omkhulu.
Inezici ze-bactericidal ezivumayo uma kunezimo zesikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ama-secretin abanawo anomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwamathumbu, amanyikwe nesibindi. Phakathi kweqhaza layo ekwelapheni amandla ayo okonakalisayo, ngaphezu kokuba i-astringent, hemostatic, mineralizing and stimulating the circulatory system. Kukhona abawudla ngokufakwa infusions noma kumajusi ezimeni zomgudu womchamo, ukopha kwangaphakathi noma ngaphandle, ukwelapha i-anemia, i-rheumatism kanye nezinkinga zegout.
Kungase futhi kuphekwe ukuze kusetshenziswe njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zendawo noma okugeza ukuze kudambise ukungakhululeki. Lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengesilungele ukubuyisela emuva izinkinga ezihlobene nesikhumba ngenxa yokubukeka kwe-dandruff nokulahlekelwa izinwele, ngakho-ke imiphumela yaso ingathuthukiswa ngokuyihlanganisa namaqabunga e-rosemary ne-lemon balm. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo se-shruby kuye kwaba nokuqashelwa kwesayensi ngemiphumela yaso ekuthuthukiseni izimo zezinso ne-prostate. Ngokufanayo, ku-phytotherapy yomtholampilo isetshenziswa njenge-drainer ye-hepatic kanye ne-volumetric diuretic ne-uric acid eliminator.
Izici zokutshalwa kwe-Nettle
Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lunamandla amakhulu okukhula noma yikuphi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani. Nakuba kutuswa ukuthi ibe sendaweni ephakathi kuka-17 no-27 degrees, ukwazi ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingaba yingozi kuyo. Ukwandisa ukuvela kwayo, kunconywa ukuthi uyikhulise emthunzini omncane, ugweme ukuchayeka elangeni. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho utshala izimbabazane, lesi sitshalo sidinga umswakama, ngoba asithandi isimo sezulu esomile. Nakuba inomhlaba onomsoco, ingasinda esomiso isikhathi esithile, kodwa ayinconywa.
Inhlabathi ezosetshenziswa iyiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekulimeni kwayo, njengoba kufanele ibe nephesenti eliphezulu lemisoco. Yingakho umanyolo ubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba udinga inhlabathi evundile kakhulu enobukhona be-nitrogen nama-phosphates. I-nitrogen ye-organic matter inemiphumela eqondile futhi emihle ekukhuleni kwezimbabazane. Ukwenza umquba ngezikelemu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvundisa kwenhlabathi, njengoba kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-4.
Inqubo yokuyikhulisa
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isitshalo esinenqubo yentuthuko emfushane kakhulu. Uma izimo zilungile, okungukuthi, inhlabathi evundile, enomanyolo omuhle kanye nokukhipha amanzi afanele, lesi sikhathi sizoba yizinsuku ezingu-45, kubalulekile futhi ukushiya lesi sitshalo emthunzini oyingxenye. Uma unesitshalo esivele sithuthukile, ukuze uthole imbewu udinga ukusika izimbali uma zomile. Uzoyiqaphela ngombala wayo omnyama. Nakuba ungazisusa kuqala futhi uziyeke zome endaweni, lokhu kunconywa kakhulu.
Uma usususiwe, kufanele unyakazise izimbali kancane ukuze imbewu iwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuyibeka esitsheni esingajulile, enhlabathini evundisiwe kakade, ngaphambi kokuyitshala endaweni yokugcina. Kufanele futhi ukhumbule ukuthi zimbalwa izimbewu ezimilayo, ngakho sebenzisa imbewu eminingana ebhodweni ngalinye. Ngale ndlela, uzodinga ukumboza ngongqimba oluncane lwenhlabathi. Njengolwazi olwengeziwe, lesi sitsha kufanele sibekwe endaweni enendawo efudumele nemnyama.
Imbewu izoqala ukumila ngemva kwesonto lokuqala. Lapho amahlumela eselungile, atshalwa ngqo emhlabathini noma ebhodweni lapho azokhula khona. Khumbula ukuthi amabhodwe kufanele abe endaweni enomthunzi omncane. Uma ukhetha ukutshala ngqo emhlabathini, isikhala phakathi kwamahlumela kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha angama-30. Nakuba ukutshalwa kwayo kufanele kwenziwe kangcono ezimbizeni, ukuze kulawulwe ukukhula kwe-nettle, njengoba isitshalo esihlasela kakhulu. Uma amahlumela esetshalwe kabusha, singawamboza ngomquba futhi sinisele ukuze sisize ukunciphisa ingcindezi yokutshala.
Isondlo
Uma utshala izimbabazane, udinga ukuqaphela lapho uzisingatha futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha. Kunconywa, futhi kuphoqelekile ngesikhathi esithile, ukugqoka amagilavu esikhumba lapho uthintana nesitshalo. Lokhu kuzogwema ukuthinta amaqabunga njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuqubuka nobuhlungu obubukhali esikhumbeni. Uma uhlangana ne-nettle, unganciphisa ubuhlungu noma ukuqubuka ngengxube ye-baking soda namanzi. Uma i-nettle isivuthiwe noma yomisiwe, lezi zinkinga azibe zisenzeka.
Ukuchelela nokuthena: Lapho utshala kabusha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunisela kakhulu futhi ugcine lokhu kujwayelekile ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula. Ukunisela okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, mayelana nenqubo yokuthena, kungashiwo ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezitshalo alufuni kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga ukusika futhi ususe amaqabunga abunile ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula kwawo.
Ukulwa nezinambuzane nezifo: Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ukumelana kwaso nezinambuzane nezifo ngenxa yezithako zaso ezisebenzayo. Kunalokho, i-nettle isetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane se-biological ukuvikela ezinye izitshalo zakho ekusakazekeni kwezinambuzane futhi uvimbele ukuqala kwezifo. Ukulungisa lesi sibulala-zinambuzane udinga amalitha ayi-10 amanzi kanye nekhilogremu eyodwa yezimbabazane. Ingxube kufanele iyekwe ukuthi ivubele izinsuku ezi-1. Uma inqubo yokuvutshelwa isiqediwe, usebenzisa isifutho, ungazifaka kuzo zonke izitshalo zakho ngokulungiselela.
Ukuvuna: Le nqubo yenziwa ngemva kokuba isitshalo sesiqhakazile, nakuba singenziwa futhi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi kufanele kuqoqwe amaqabunga amathenda kuphela. Baphezulu embonini. Izimpande zezibonelo ezincane kakhulu zingaqoqwa ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ingavunwa futhi isetshenziswe isanda, noma amaqabunga ayo angagcinwa endaweni eyomile ukuqala inqubo yokomisa.
Izinhlobo
Ongoti abaningana kulo mkhakha baveza ukuthi kuze kube manje kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zalesi sitshalo emhlabeni. Ezinye zazo zizochazwa ngezansi. I-nettle, isitshalo somndeni we-urticaceae, itholakala kuyo yonke indawo ehlanganisa ngokulandelana imingcele esenyakatho neseningizimu yeMexico ne-United States. Indawo yokukhula yalesi sihlahla ibonakala ngemithambeka enamahlathi, umhlaba ophazamisekile, osebeni lwemifula namachibi, nezimfunda; enhlabathini ecebile, emanzi.
Kukhona futhi i-ongonga, okuyisihlahla esihlala isikhathi eside, esidabuka eNew Zealand, lapho simila khona emahlathini nasemathafeni asogwini lweSouth Island ku-35° latitude. Amaqabunga awo anoboya futhi anama-spiny; ukuthintana okuncane kungaveza ukuhlaba okubuhlungu okuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kube khona izehlakalo zokufa ngenxa yokuxhumana nabo ngobuningi, kubantu nasezinjeni nasemahhashini. Ingafinyelela kumamitha angu-5 ukuphakama futhi ngokusho kochwepheshe iwumthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwezibungu zovemvane olubomvu lwe-admiral.
Esinye isibonelo esingashiwo i-Urtica incisa, isitshalo esihlala njalo esine-herbaceous esitholakala ehlathini elishisayo eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia futhi sitholakala ezintabeni zase-Andean zaseColombia. Kuyisihlahla esinamaqabunga angunxantathu naphambana nobude obungu-5 kuya ku-12 cm nemiphetho emagebhugebhu. Abantu bomdabu badla amaqabunga ngemva kokuwapheka phakathi kwamatshe ashisayo. Kubhekwa njengohlaza oluhle lapho izifiki zenza i-tonic "ukuhlanza igazi".
Ngokulandelayo, kukhona okuthiwa ulwelwesi, okuwuhlobo olubalulekile lwaleli qembu elikhulu lezitshalo, ezizalelwa endaweni yaseMedithera. Singasho ukuthi isitshalo saminyaka yonke, ngokuvamile i-monoecious, esinama-raceme wesilisa alula, ane-eksisi ebanzi futhi amaqabunga anezinwele ezihlabayo kuphela. Ngokujwayelekile isitshalo esine-nitrophilic esiqinile esizinza ezitshalweni, emigwaqweni nasemhlabeni ongenalutho onomswakama omncane nomthunzi. Itholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-190 kuya ku-1000.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ama-urens, okuyisitshalo esingapheli esinegatsha le-quadrangular, amaqabunga amakhulu aphikisanayo nezimbali ze-lilac. Iqhakaza kusukela ekwindla kuya entwasahlobo futhi ithela izithelo ngaso leso sikhathi sonyaka. Isici esaziwa kakhulu salesi sitshalo ubukhona bezinwele ezilumayo uketshezi lwazo lwe-caustic (i-acetylcholine) lukhiqiza ukucasuka ngokuluma okukhulu esikhumbeni uma uthintwa. Ingase futhi ibizwe ngokuthi achume, moheña, pica mano, picasarna, ronchona, ukhula lwezimpumputhe.
Ekugcineni, singabala i-Romana, isitshalo saminyaka yonke esingafinyelela kumitha ukuphakama, i-monoecious kanye ne-pungent. Amaqabunga aphikisanayo, isisekelo esimise okwenhliziyo. I-Petiole icishe ibe yinde njengeqabunga nangomphetho onamazinyo. Imithambo engezansi igqame kakhulu, imvamisa inoboya. Inemibandela emi-4 endaweni ngayinye enezimbali ezincane. Eyeduna enama-sepal angu-4 aluhlaza okotshani kanye nama-trichomes kanye nama-stamens angu-4 enza amaqoqo ku-eksisi enamagatsha. Insikazi enama-inflorescence ayindilinga anama-spherical stalked, makhulu kancane kunophizi onama-sepal ama-2 amakhulu nama-2 amancane kanye ne-ovary. Ama-sepal aminyene futhi anoboya.
Umlando Wembabazane
Kuyisitshalo esidlulele esisetshenziswa njengekhambi kusukela kudala. E-Switzerland, izinsalela ezisukela ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX BC ziye zatholwa. C. kumadiphozithi e-lacustrine enkathi ye-Neolithic. Impucuko yamaGreki yayibiza ngokuthi "i-acalyphe" kanye negama lesiLatini elithi "urtica" elisho "ukuvutha", ngoba izinwele ze-nettle ziyahlaba futhi zishise ngenxa yobuthi obungenabungozi obukhishwa isitshalo lapho isikhumba sithintana naso. I-Dioscorides yazisa kakhulu ubuhle besitshalo futhi yachaza ukusetshenziswa kwaso ngokuningiliziwe.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi zaziqashelwa ngezakhiwo zazo zokwelapha, kanye nokwakheka kwazo okuhle kakhulu kokudla okunomsoco. Isikhathi esithile, amandla ahlabayo amaqabunga ayedlula izinzuzo zawo: ayehlukaniswa njengokhula futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo emithini yemithi kwakunganakwa. Nokho, isimo manje sesishintshile. Eminyakeni yamuva, intuthuko yesayensi iye yaqinisekisa futhi yabonisa amandla anamandla okwelapha ezimbabazane. Babuyile endaweni futhi banentshisekelo enkulu emphakathini wesayensi.
Ukufakwa kwe-nettle
Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu isitshalo ukulungisa ama-infusions ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga awo amasha noma angaba amaqabunga omisiwe, ngoba umphumela awuhlukani. Faka isipuni samaqabunga ashiwo bese wengeza cishe u-200 ml wamanzi ashisayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingxenye zishiywe ukuthi zixubane cishe imizuzu emi-5, ukuze kunambitheke leli tiye elicebile le-nettle, elilungele ukuphuzwa. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthatha cishe izinkomishi ezimbili zalesi silinganiso ngosuku futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla.
I-nettle emazweni ahlukene
Engxenyeni yaseCaribbean yaseColombia nakwezinye iziqhingi yaziwa ngokuthi "i-pringamoza", njengasentshonalanga yezwe laseVenezuela, nakuba empumalanga yezwe elishiwo ngenhla ibizwa ngokuthi iGuaritoto. Kwezinye izingxenye zaseNingizimu Melika idliwa kumasaladi. Ngokwengxenye yayo, eTeruel (eSpain) ibizwa ngokuthi "ama-pikes", kanti kuyo yonke i-Aragon yaziwa ngokuthi "chordica" futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi enyakatho yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Kanti, eParaguay bayibiza ngokuthi i-Pyno futhi kuvamile ukuba bayidle ngoba iwumuthi osebenzayo ovuselelayo lapho uhlanganiswa nesiphuzo sabo sendabuko, i-tereré.
I-Nettle e-El Salvador naseGuatemala ibizwa ngokuthi "chichicaste". Lesi sitshalo sishiwo phakathi kwezinkulumo ezithandwayo emazweni athile aseLatin America lapho ngendlela ehlekisayo, lapho othile enokuziphatha okubi athi: "Ngizokunika ukuhlanza noma ikhasi (isiswebhu) ngentonga enamathelayo." Ukulwa nokungqubuzana nesitshalo: E-Pyrenees, izindawo ezilimele zikhuhlwa ngerayisi, amaqabunga e-pardal noma ama-paret. Kwezinye izindawo kusetshenziswa amaqabunga e-mallow, avamile futhi kulula ukuwabona. Ngokwenkolelo evamile, umchamo ukhulisa insangu.
Njengamanje, phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwesitshalo kwemithi ye-homeopathic, isiswebhu esinezimbabazane sicashunwa ukwelapha i-lumbago, njengoba kwenzeka ezikhathini zasendulo. Kuthiwa futhi eRoma lasendulo kwashaywa inqwaba yezimbabazane ngezansi kwenkaba, izinso nezinqe zamadoda (ikakhulukazi amakhehla), ukuze kuvuselelwe amandla alahlekile, kwenzeka okufanayo lapho abalimi befuna ukufukamela amaqanda. wezinkukhu, uzishaye ngesitshalo esisha ngaphansi.
Udokotela wekhulu le-XNUMX kanye nesazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo uParacelsus watusa ukuyicosha lapho inyanga iku-constellation Scorpio futhi igqoke yona ukuze isibindi nesibindi. Kuthiwa futhi wayekwazi ukubona ukuthi umuntu ogulayo uzofa noma aphume ekuguleni kwakhe uma efaka amahlamvu embabazane emchameni wesiguli bese ewashiya usuku lonke. Uma amaqabunga abuna, isiguli cishe sasiyofa, uma behlala beluhlaza, isiguli sasiyosinda.
Ibuye isetshenziswe njengempahla eluhlaza yokukhipha i-chlorophyll ezinqubweni zezimboni, ukukhiqizwa kwe-pulp yephepha, njengodayi wokudaya izindwangu, futhi njengomthombo wemicu yendwangu yokukhiqiza izintambo, amanetha, oseyili nezingubo. . Lokhu kusetshenziswa kokugcina kuvela ngeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala njengoba imicu evamile yayingekho. Edolobheni laseMexico i-Coatzintla, i-nettle isetshenziswa njalo ngeSonto Elingcwele "umjaho wamaJuda".
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko nge-Nettle futhi ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezinye izihloko ezithakazelisayo, ungabheka izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: