I-Great Pyramid yaseGiza ikakhulukazi kanye nemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe ngokujwayelekile, ibilokhu ikhona ezisongwe ngezimfihlakalo nezingobe.
Basekhona abathi abafokazi bawakha, ngoba kunzima ukukholwa ukuthi amadoda ayenawo eGibhithe lasendulo awenza. Namuhla Sembula ezinye zezimfihlakalo nezinto ezimangalisayo ze-Great Pyramid.
Iphiramidi elikhulu laseGiza
Iphiramidi elikhulu laseGiza Ide kakhulu futhi inkulu kunawo wonke amaphiramidi amathathu kanye nezinsuku ezivela ku-2551-2528 BC Yenziwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaKhufu eGibhithe lasendulo. Njengamanje ingamamitha angu-139 ukuphakama, ukuphakama okuphansi kunemvelaphi yayo lapho yayingamamitha angu-147 ukuphakama. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kuyenze yalahlekelwa ubude kodwa hhayi kancane ukubukeka kwayo okumangalisayo. Ubukhulu bayo obukhulu bebulokhu bunguzungu kumuntu phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.
Umbhoshongo omkhulu kanye nodadewabo babe embozwe ngamapuleti amatshe alula, ezalungisa ukubukeka kwayo futhi zayenza ibe nokukhanya okukhulu, zazibonakala nhlangothi zonke.
Ngaphakathi
Ngaphakathi kombhoshongo omkhulu kune-a uchungechunge lwamaphasishi namaphasishi axhuma amagumbi futhi lokho kuye kwabathakazelisa abavubukuli. Ikamelo lokuqala kungenzeka laliyindawo lapho isidumbu sikaFaro sasilungiselelwa khona ngaphambi kokuba angcwatshwe. Khona-ke, uqhubeka nokwehla ufinyelela eGalari Enkulu, indawo ehlanganisa ikamelo lendlovukazi negumbi likaFaro noma igumbi lenkosi.
Ikamelo lenkosi lisenkabeni yephiramidi nasenhliziyweni yezimfihlakalo. I-sarcophagus kaFaro Cheops itholakala lapho, endaweni enzima. Akubonakali sengathi kupendwe sengathi amanye amagumbi okungcwaba kamuva avela futhi Akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi bezikhona yini izici ezibaziwe ngoba kuye kwaba nokuphangwa okuningi. emaphiramidi.
Izimfihlo zephiramidi elikhulu
Amaphiramidi ayimfihlakalo ngisho nakhiwe ngokwawo. namanje uKuyimfihlakalo ukuthi bakwazi kanjani ukukhulisa nokudala izakhiwo ezinjalo. Kuyimfihlakalo futhi ukwazi isizathu sokuzenza. Kusasele impikiswano phakathi kwalabo abakhomba kubo njengesibukeli kanye nalabo abaqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwabo nenkolo kanye nokuhlelwa kwekamelo lenkosi okugxile ekuxhumaneni nonkulunkulu welanga, uRa.
Hanemibhoshongo engaphezu kwekhulu isakazeke ogwadule zaseGibhithe, kodwa ezaseGiza ziyaziwa kakhulu kuzo zonke. Umklamo wayo ugqugquzelwe ama-mastaba, amathuna angaphambili. I-Great Pyramid yayizoba ithuna likaFaro Khufu ngakho-ke kwakudingeka iqedwe ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, okwanika abaseGibhithe iminyaka ephakathi kwe-20 ne-40 ukuba bayiqede.
Njengoba ilukuluku Izinhlangothi zayo ezine azisicaba, kodwa zine-vertex phakathi nendawo, okungukuthi, empeleni inobuso obuyisi-8. iphiramidi. Okwenzekayo ukuthi lokhu kucishe kungabonakali njengoba ingenayo i-limestone emhlophe ngaphezu kwethiphu yegolide. Iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu yayiyisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngamamitha angu-149 ukuphakama.
Eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokufa kombusi, Kuhlaselwe amasela angena ngaphandle kwenkinga egunjini lenkosi ngakho kusobala ukuthi babazi ukuthi unjani lowo mbhoshongo ngaphakathi. Kungenzeka ukuthi amasela ayesebenza kulo mbhoshongo ngokwawo ngakho-ke ayewazi. Okwamanje, Isango lamasela yilona elisetshenziselwa ukungena ngaphakathi kwe-Great Pyramid.
Imibono yokwakha
Kukhona imibono eminingi ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu kangaka kungakhiwa kanjani, kusuka ezindleleni eziqondile noma ezivunguzayo ezizungeze umbhoshongo, ezinqatshiwe. Inguqulo ukuthi kwaba njengabafokazi futhi yenqatshwa ochwepheshe.
Inguqulo engase ibe nengqondo kakhulu ukuthi yayikhona irempu yangaphakathi evunguzayo abakha ngawo bephakamisa umbhoshongo ukuphakama. Nokho, imfihlakalo isalokhu ingaxazululeki.
Igraffiti ye-Great Pyramid yaseGiza
Ngekhulu le-19 abahloli bamazwe ababili baseBrithani U-Howard Vyse noJohn baba ngabokuqala ukungena emagumbini okukhulula wePyramid, kunemibhalo yabantu abadumile abavela ezikhathini zabo zombili.
Ekamelweni eliphezulu nelingangeneki kakhulu sinemibhalo ezixoxa izindaba ezimbili, eyezisebenzi ezakha umbhoshongo kanye neyezivakashi ezingene kulezo zindawo kusuka ngo-1837 kuya ku-1920. Lawa magrafiti amagama, izinsuku kanye nemvelaphi, abhalwa wona ngokwawo amathoshi.
Amakamelo ePiramidi Enkulu YaseGiza
Kukhona ikamelo elingaqediwe ngaphansi kwedwala, igumbi lapho umhubhe okhuphukayo uholela ekamelweni lendlovukazi. Kungenzeka ukuthi Leli gumbi elibizwa ngendlovukazi lalingakalungiselelwa izinsalela zendlovukazi kodwa kwakuyigama elaqanjwa abantu bendawo. ukuxoxa indaba yokuthi bangcwaba khona indlovukazi lapho beyikhombisa abaseNtshonalanga.
Ngokusho kwabavubukuli, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ikamelo elingaqediwe kwaba inketho yokuqala futhi inkosi ayizange ithande umphumela futhi ungathanda ukuthi igumbi lakhe lokungcwaba libe phezulu. Lelo gumbi lesibili bekuyoba lelo indlovukazi ukuthi sekuzophela (iphansi lizodinga ukupholishwa). Lokho Akubonakali kuyilokho uCheops ayekufuna futhi bakha enye ephakeme kakhulu, ikamelo leNkosi. Le ncazelo ihambisana nokusabalalisa kwangaphakathi okuyisiphithiphithi okukhona.
Igumbi lenkosi embozwe nge-granite, ilukhuni, ayifani namanye amathuna oFaro bakamuva. Ukusetshenziswa kwegwadle, itshe elibomvu eligqize ngomnyama, kuyisici esiyingqayizivele sePyramid Enkulu. Basebenzisa leli tshe ekwakheni ezinye izingxenye zephiramidi kodwa ikakhulukazi ekamelweni. Kwakudingeka bathuthe amabhulokhi egwadle esuka e-Aswan futhi bawahambise behle ngomfula. Izinga le-granite liwukuthi itshe elilukhuni kakhulu, yingakho lalizovikela inkosi labaphangi.
Konke Yakhiwe ukuze inkosi ikwazi ukuphila impilo yayo ngemva kokufa kuyilapho umama wayo evikelekile. ekamelweni elisenkabeni yephiramidi yakhe. Nokho, kuze kube namuhla, akekho owaziyo ukuthi kwenzekani kumama kaKhufu; mhlawumbe ithuna lakhe laphangwa kudala ngaphambi kweNkathi Ephakathi.