Isoftware yokuhlela: Incazelo Yenzelweni?

Uma uthanda ukuphenya imakethe yobuchwepheshe, ngikumema ukuthi ufunde okwengeziwe kulesi sihloko kune Isoftware yokuhlela, izici zayo nayo yonke imininingwane yayo.

Isoftware yokuhlela

Isoftware iyingxenye yekhompuyutha engathintwa, nokho yiyona eyenza uhlelo lusebenze, okungukuthi, luthathwa njengengxenye ekwazi ukwenza noma ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngaphakathi kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhompyutha.

Singaphinde sibhekisele eqinisweni lokuthi isofthiwe iphethe ukuguqula yonke imiyalelo futhi iyise ku-processor, ikhadi lezithombe noma ingxenye eyenza imiyalelo esifuna ukuyifinyelela ngomphumela olindelekile, ngamanye amazwi isofthiwe ophethe ukuhumusha idatha. icutshungulwe yi-hardware ukuze ibonakale esikrinini ngendlela elula.

Kunamaqembu amathathu esofthiwe abizwa ngokuthi: isofthiwe yesistimu, isofthiwe yokuhlela kanye nesofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza, okwamanje lawa maqembu angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu esofthiwe yamahhala noma isofthiwe yobunikazi noma enelayisensi.

Umsuka Wesoftware Yokuhlela

Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi amarekhodi okuqala ahlehlela emuva ngawo-1940, akulona iqiniso elingaphansi ukuthi isofthiwe yokuhlela yaba nomsuka wayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwenkulungwane edlule, ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, amakhompyutha ayengekho; Bagcina idatha emshinini ukuze kamuva ihunyushwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yingakho isofthiwe yaqala ukukhuluma ngayo ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX lapho intuthuko yokuqala endabeni ibonakala.

Kwaba nzima ukusebenza ngaleyo ndlela futhi ngenxa yesidingo kwavela izilimi zokuqala ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezifana neziningi zalezo ezisetshenziswa namuhla, nakuba vele zinganikezi umsebenzisi amathuba afanayo nesofthiwe yesimanje, ngoba zona kuphela. bekwazi ukusebenza ku-hardware ethile, okubenze balinganiselwa kakhulu ngokwezilimi nemiphumela elindelekile.

Kamuva, ezinye zezilimi ebezisetshenziswa ngaphambilini zisebenze njengesisekelo sezilimi zokuhlela ezisetshenziswa namuhla.

Programming Concept

Kuyinqubo esetshenziselwa ukuklama noku-oda izenzo ezidingekayo ukuze kwenziwe iphrojekthi, ukulungisa imishini ethile noma izisetshenziswa ukuze ziqale ukusebenza ngaleso sikhathi nangendlela efiselekayo noma ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezizosetshenziswa kumakhompyutha.

Njengamanje, ukuhlela kuyingxenye yokudala nokusebenzisa imidiya yekhompiyutha, echazwa njengenqubo ngokwayo, lapho umuntu enza khona uhlelo lwethuluzi elimvumela ukuthi abhale ikhodi kanye nomunye okwazi ukuyihumusha. njengolimi lwemishini.

Okungasuswa ukubethela nge-microprocessor. Isinyathelo sokugcina sibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanganisa, futhi kuyinqubo edingekayo ukuze ikhodi isetshenziswe yiplatifomu eyadalelwa yona, okungaba ikhompuyutha, okungukuthi, umakhalekhukhwini.

Kukhona futhi indlela yokuhumusha ikhodi, ebizwa ngokuthi Ukuhumusha, ihlanganisa ukuhlaziya umugqa ngomugqa, kuze kube yilapho ulwazi olwanele luhunyushwa, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izilimi zokuhlela zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili; lezo ezingahlanganiswa azinakuchazwa noma ngokuphambene. Yonke le nqubo ihlanganisa izigaba ezihlukahlukene futhi idinga ukubamba iqhaza kochwepheshe abahlukene.

Kusukela esisekelweni sephrojekthi ethile, kuyadingeka ukuba nombono ocacile nonenjongo oqinisekisa umzamo nokuzidela okuhilelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi.

Ngaphakathi kokuguquguquka kokuchaza, ukuqala kuvame ukukhathaza kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside, njengoba kukhona amathemba okuthola umkhiqizo ophelele, futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa izinqubo zobuchwepheshe, umphumela wokugcina ungaba inhlekelele, ukwehluleka okuphelele.

Uma umqondo usuqanjiwe, umklamo kufanele usungulwe, okungeyona into engaphezu kokwenza ngokusemthethweni zonke izinqubo okuxoxwe ngazo ngesikhathi sokusesha kokuqala. Ithimba ngalinye lisebenza ngendlela yalo, lisebenzisa imibandela yeqembu futhi lisungula imihlahlandlela yesakhiwo salo kanjalo, lokhu kuba nomphumela wokuthi umphumela wokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo awuqinile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kungaba ukuqala kokuhlola ngohlelo, izindlela zokwenza lula. Abaqambi banokuxhumana okuqondile nokusebenzisanayo nombono wabo.

Idalwa kanjani isoftware?

Ukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe kungaba yinkimbinkimbi, kuye ngokuthi inhloso okufanele ifinyelelwe. Ngamanye amazwi, yisethi yezinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe kusukela ekubukeni kwezinhlelo ukuze kuzuzwe isisombululo senkinga ngokuthola umkhiqizo.

Manje, ngokuqonda okucacile kwegama elithi isofthiwe nokuthi idalwe kanjani, sizoqala ukuzulazula ukuthi iyini isofthiwe yokuhlela, incazelo, imvelaphi, izici, nezinye izici ezibalulekile zalesi sihloko.

Uma sikhuluma nge-software yokuhlela, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ukuze sihlele kuyadingeka ukusingatha i- ulimi lohlelo, ephethe ukuveza, ukuklama kukhompuyutha lokho esifuna ukukuzuza noma ukuzuza lapho sakha uhlelo noma inhloso okufanele ifinyelelwe ukuthi icutshungulwe ngaphakathi ku-hardware.

Ulimi ulimi olungasetshenziswa kuphela kumakhompuyutha, ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo, futhi lwakhiwe iqoqo lezimpawu nemithetho evumela ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo nencazelo yezakhi nezinkulumo.

Ukwengeza, ulimi lohlelo yilolo oluvumela ukulawula ukuziphatha komzimba nokunengqondo komshini, ukuze kunikezwe izixazululo zezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezivame ukuvela ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezilimi zokuhlela sithola:

• Visual Basic
• .NET
• C ++
• C#
• Java
• Injongo-C
• -Javascript
• Easter
• abanye

izinhlobo zesofthiwe

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zesoftware yokuhlela, esizokutshela ngayo ngezansi.

1. Isoftware yesicelo

Yilezo zinhlelo ezingahlangene nokusebenza kwekhompyutha; Ngokuphambene nalokho, aklanyelwe futhi adayiswa ukuze afakwe kukhompyutha njengethuluzi lomsebenzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela enze lula imisebenzi, isibonelo: ama-word processors, amaspredishithi, ihluzo, izinhlelo zokwethula, phakathi kwabanye; Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukucinga ulwazi, isibonelo: izincwadi zedijithali nama-encyclopedias, isiphequluli se-inthanethi, njll.; noma njengengxenye yokuphazamiseka noma ukuzilibazisa, kunjalo ngemidlalo yevidiyo, amavidiyo, imibiko, izidlali zomsindo, phakathi kokunye.

Ukufakwa kwalolu hlobo lwezinhlelo kwenziwa ngumsebenzisi, nokho-ke, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinhlelo ziza nemishini (efakwe ngaphambilini) ngezivumelwano phakathi komhlangano kanye nezinkampani zokumaketha azinqunywa.

2. Isoftware yokuhlela

Yilezo zinhlelo ezisiza ekudalweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesicelo, ngolwazi olunengqondo kanye nohlelo, ngoba lokhu basebenzisa ulimi lwabo oluqondiswe ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo ezintsha, ngamanye amazwi yilawo mathuluzi athuthukiswa ukufeza umsebenzi othile, kodwa ukuthi Athuthukiswa kamuva noma athuthukiswe abantu abakhethekile kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi, yingakho isofthiwe yokuhlela iyadingeka, engeyona into engaphezu kwezinhlelo ezisisiza ekudaleni nasekuthuthukisweni kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza.

Lolu hlobo lwezinhlelo lusisiza ngokukhethekile ukuthi sithuthukise amasistimu amasha ngokucabangela ukubhala kwawo amakhodi. Izinhlelo eziklanywe njengabahleli bombhalo ziyisibonelo salolu hlobo lwe-software, njengoba zisetshenziselwa ukubhala izinhlelo, ezizohlanganiswa kamuva futhi zihlolwe ukuthi azihambisani yini noma zikhiqiza noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga oluvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo oluthile. ulimi lokuhlela olunqunyelwe le njongo.

Okwamanje kunezinhlobonhlobo zesofthiwe enamathuluzi okuhlela, asekelwe ezilimini zokuhlela, ezaziwa emakethe Njengezindawo Zokuthuthukiswa Okudidiyelwe futhi eziwusizo kakhulu kubasebenzisi.

3. Isoftware Yesistimu

Yilezo zinhlelo ezifakwe ngaphambili kukhompuyutha ezisebenza njengesisekelo futhi ezivumela ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlala kuyo, ukuze kusekelwe ezinye izinhlelo futhi zibe nokulawula okungcono nokukhulu kwehadiwe.

Ithathwa njengebaluleke kakhulu kwiSofthiwe njengoba kuyo ihlanganisa isethi yezinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhloso yazo kuwukuxhumanisa zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinsiza zehardware idivayisi enazo, okungukuthi, yilapho kunikezwa khona ukufinyelela nokulawula. kuma-peripherals, kwimemori ye-RAM, i-hard disk njengoba kungenjalo ikhompuyutha ayikwazanga ukusebenza kahle.

Ngamafuphi, isofthiwe yesistimu iphethe ukuhambisa izinsiza ezibonakalayo ngendlela yokuxhumanisa imisebenzi ngokusekelwe kwinkumbulo yekhompyutha, kanye nokulawula ngohlelo, ngendlela yokuthi yiyona exhuma izinhlelo zokusebenza izinsiza ezihlinzekwa yi-hardware, idivayisi enazo.

4. Isofthiwe Yamahhala

Njengoba igama layo libonisa le software, ibhekisela kuNkululeko. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lubonakala ngokusebenza okusekelwe kudivayisi yedijithali. Abantu abakha lolu hlobo lwezinhlelo bahlose ukubanikeza ngaphandle kokuthola noma iyiphi imali, ngokuphambene nalokho, bangakopishwa, basetshenziswe, balungiswe inqobo nje uma laba bantu besithathu bengazisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuthola izinzuzo.

5. I-Proprietary Software

Kuyizinhlelo lapho umsebenzisi anemikhawulo lapho eyisebenzisa, eyilungisa noma esabalalisa kabusha, ithathwa njengesofthiwe yesizinda esiyimfihlo. Lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo noma amathuluzi yizona ezivame kakhulu futhi ezaziwa kakhulu mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibaluleke kakhulu emakethe; Isibonelo salokhu yi-Microsoft Office, okuyihhovisi elaziwa kakhulu nelishibhe kakhulu emakethe. Ezinye iziphequluli ezidumile i-Google Chrome noma i-Mozilla Firefox, ezimahhala kumsebenzisi.

Iyini i-Programming Software?

Isofthiwe yokuhlela izinhlelo namathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukudala ezinye izinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza, okungukuthi, isetshenziselwa ukudala enye isofthiwe.

Ziyizinhlelo ezisiza ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, ngolwazi oluhlobene nezilimi zokuhlela ezikhona.

Njengoba sinolwazi olucacile ngokuthi iyini i-Software, sizocubungula izinhlobo zesofthiwe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo, ngokombono wobuchwepheshe kanye noguquko lwedijithali, ulwazi oluyisisekelo ukuze siqonde ukuthi amasistimu ekhompyutha asebenza kanjani nokuthi awenza kanjani.

Njengamanje kunezinhlobo eziningi zesoftware esizokhuluma ngayo ngendlela elula futhi siwafanise ngezinye izibonelo.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwesoftware Yokuhlela

Le software ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana, ezichazwe ngezansi:

• Abahleli bombhalo: yilezo zinhlelo ezisebenza njengamaphrosesa, anesibopho sokudala nokuguqula amafayela edijithali akhiwe kuphela imibhalo, ukuze agcinwe ngaphandle kokuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu. Inhloso yomhleli wombhalo ukuthi usetshenziselwa ukubhala futhi kamuva ubone okuqukethwe kwefayela. Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi akufanele siphambanise nohlelo lweZwi. Isibonelo: I-Notepad yeWindows.
• Abahlanganisi: Kubhekwa njengethuluzi elivumela ukuhunyushwa kwekhodi yesofthiwe, ngendlela yokuthi angatolika yikhompuyutha futhi aqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo okuphelele.
• umhumushi: wuhlelo olusivumela ukuthi sihlaziye futhi sikhiphe ezinye izinhlelo, ngolimi lokuhlela. Iyavumelana nezimo futhi isebenza kancane. Le Software iyakwazi ukuhlaziya nokusebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo. Abahumushi bahumusha kuphela ingxenye edingekayo, isitatimende ngesitatimende futhi ungagcini umphumela walokhu kuhumusha.
• abaxhumani: baphethe ukudala izixhumanisi phakathi kwezinto ezahlukene ezikhona esigabeni sokuhlanganiswa, baqoqe yonke imininingwane yazo zonke izinsiza ezidingekayo, balahle lezo ezingadingeki futhi bahlanganise nekhodi ethile ukuze kamuva bakhiqize ifayela elilodwa noma ifayela elingase abulawe .
• Ama-debuggers: noma izilungisi, yilezo ezivumela ukuhlola nokususa amaphutha angaba khona ezinhlelweni. Inhloso ukuthola nokuqeda amaphutha ohlelweni.
• Intuthuko ehlanganisiwe: (EDI noma i-IDE), iyithuluzi elichazwa ngokuthi konke endaweni eyodwa njengoba linikeza umthuthukisi noma umhleli ezinye izindlela eziningi lapho ethuthukisa isofthiwe, ngoba ngaphezu kokunikeza ikhwalithi kulula futhi kuyashesha ukuyisusa. Izinhlobo ezehlukene zesoftware yokuhlela zididiyelwe lapha, njengesihleli sombhalo, i-compiler, ne-debugger.

Ngemva kokuhlaziya izinhlobo ezihlukene zesofthiwe yokuhlela, sithola izinhlelo ezahlukene noma izinhlelo zokusebenza, eziklanyelwe ukufeza imisebenzi ethile ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo ethile, kunjalo nje indaba yabahlanganisi, abanomsebenzi othize wokuhumusha ulimi lokuhlela esilusebenzisayo. ulimi lomshini, ukuze i-hardware ikwazi ukuyihumusha.

Ngokuvamile, I-Integrated Development Environments yizona ezivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yokuhlela. Kulapha lapho amathuluzi agxile ekuthuthukiseni ulimi olulodwa lokuhlela, okwenza izici zohlelo zibe nobungane uma ziqhathaniswa nalezo ezisetshenziswa abanye, ngendlela yokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza lapho kwakhiwa, kulungiswa, kuhlanganiswa, kuqaliswa futhi kulungiswa isofthiwe indawo ethile. Isibonelo salokhu i-Xcode noma i-Delphi, izilimi ezivaliwe nezithize noma zingavumeli ukulungiswa.

Izindawo Zokuthuthukiswa Okudidiyelwe ezimweni eziningi zenzelwe ukusebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lolimi lokuhlela ngesikhathi, nokho kukhona ezinye ezihlukile futhi ezimelana nezinye izilimi zokuhlela, njenge-Assembler, Java, JavaScript, PHP, Python, njll. Pascal noma Inhloso-C.

Ukwengeza, banomhleli wekhodi yomthombo, amathuluzi okwakha okuzenzakalelayo, okungukuthi, abathakathi nezifanekiso, abahlanganisi kanye/noma abahumushi, kanye nalabo okuthiwa abalungisa iphutha. Namuhla, ama-IDE amaningi esimanje anezithombe ezinokuxhumana ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengama-GUI.

Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi I-Integrated Development Environments ibe usizo kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe ehlukene esiyisebenzisa nsuku zonke endaweni yethu yokusebenza, ikakhulukazi sikhuluma nge-Microsoft office automation (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Publisher, phakathi kokunye. ) nezinye), izidlali zevidiyo nomsindo, amathuluzi okuhlela afana ne-Adobe Photoshop namanye amaningi akhiwe ngaphansi kwalolu hlobo lwenkundla ukuze asinikeze amathuluzi ekhwalithi futhi sizuze ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwemishini kanye nokusebenza okungcono. imisebenzi.

Ingabe uyayithanda imakethe yobuchwepheshe? Ngiyakumema ukuba uzifundise okwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko esithakazelisayo Ubuchwepheshe besimanje

Izibonelo Zesoftware Yokuhlela

Futhi sikunikeza izibonelo ezahlukahlukene zesoftware yokuhlela.

•   I-Microsoft Visual Studio

Kuyithuluzi le-cross-platform elihambisana nenani elikhulu lezilimi, okuhlanganisa i-PHP, i-Java, i-Python, i-C++, i-Ruby, phakathi kwezinye. Yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu, ngokusekelwa kwe-Django ne-ASP.NET. Ingenye ye-IDE engcono kakhulu yokudala isofthiwe yanoma yiluphi uhlobo.

• I-WinDev

Kuyi-EDI ethengekayo futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu uma kwenziwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo, ikakhulukazi ngokugxila kudatha. Inikeza umsebenzisi amamodeli ezithombe ahlukene angakhetha kuwo futhi isebenzisana kakhulu. Inosekelo lwe-Java, i-C# kanye ne-.NET futhi inikeza ngisho nokukhetha kokudala izinhlelo zamapulatifomu afana ne-Linux ne-Mac.

• I-NetBeans

Kunqunywa njengenye yezindawo zokuthuthukiswa ezididiyelwe ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi isebenza njengohlelo lwesoftware yamahhala. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlela ku-Java, ngaphezu kwalokho, amamojula ahlukene angasetshenziswa ukwandisa imisebenzi yawo.

•    I-GeneXus

Isofthiwe enamandla yokuthuthukisa esetshenziswa emkhakheni webhizinisi, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinhlelo zokusebenza zezindawo ze-Windows, izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kanye namakhasi ewebhu. Iwusizo kakhulu kubathuthukisi bewebhu, njengoba yakhiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi ezifana ne: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, njll.

•      I-Notepad++

Kulokhu, umhleli wombhalo kanye nekhodi yomthombo yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni, ngoba zimahhala futhi zilula kakhulu, ngaphezu kokusekelwa kwezilimi ezingaphezu kuka-50 zokuhlela futhi zisinika ithuba lokungeza ezethu. izilimi. Iqondiswe ku-Windows, ngamathuluzi afana ne-Snap kungenzeka ukuthi isebenza ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-Linux.

• Minecraft

Igeyimu yevidiyo edalwe ku-Java futhi yamukelwa kabanzi. Kungumdlalo lapho umdlali evunyelwe ukuthuthukisa ngokukhululekile ubuhlakani bakhe ukuze bakhe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokwakha, bahlole, balwe futhi bathuthukise abalingisi babo; ivumela ukuhlanganiswa nabanye abadlali ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ze-inthanethi. Okwamanje iphethwe yiMicrosoft.

• I-ThinkFree

Ziyiqembu lezinhlelo zehhovisi ezidalwe ku-Java futhi zihambisana namanye amapulatifomu afana ne: Android, Windows, Linux kanye ne-Mac OS. Lawa ngamathuluzi asebenzayo futhi aziwa ngokuthi Iphrosesa yamagama ebhala, ispredishithi esibizwa ngokuthi iCalc, isofthiwe yokwethula ebizwa ngokuthi Bonisa, umhleli we-HTML, kanye nomhleli webhulogi obizwa ngokuthi Inothi.

• I-Oracle Developer Studio:

I-IDE esekelwe ku-NetBeans. Iqondiswe ezindaweni ezifana ne-Solaris, i-RHEL ne-Linux ukusatshalaliswa. Iqondiswe ngaphansi kohlelo ngezilimi ezifana neFortran, C noC++.

• I-Sweet Home 3D:

Iwuhlelo lokuthuthukisa i-NetBeans, oluqondiswe ngokukhethekile ochwepheshe bezokwakha kanye nemidwebo yezithombe njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi udale amapulani e-2D endlu noma amafulethi, amagumbi noma amahholo bese ubona imiphumela endaweni enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lunenzuzo yokuthi lusebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene njenge: Linux, Mac kanye neWindows.

• I-Chrome:

Okwamanje nasemhlabeni wonke isiphequluli sewebhu se-Google esaziwayo nesidumile. Kuyithuluzi elingenza ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokulungisa iphutha le-C++. Yenziwe ngephrojekthi ye-Chromium.

Kulezi zikhathi zanamuhla, izibonelo ezikhonjiswe ngenhla yizona ezaziwayo nezisetshenziswa kakhulu, njengamathuluzi esoftware yokuhlela yamanje, nokho-ke ngeke sehluleke ukusho ezinye izibonelo, eziye zasetshenziswa eminyakeni edlule njengabaphrosesa noma abathuthukisi bezinhlelo futhi ezihlala kubuchwepheshe. imakethe. Eziningi zazo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• cobol : Iwulimi lokuhlela oluklanyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuhweba.
• ASP :Kwakuyinjini yokuqala yombhalo esetshenziswa kuseva ye-Microsoft yamakhasi ewebhu.
• Easter : Iwulimi lokuhlela olunzima olusetshenziswa njengephrosesa kumakhompyutha amakhulu.
• RPG : Lolu hlobo lolimi lokuhlela lusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zebhizinisi.
• I-Java: Kuyiqembu lokucaciswa kwekhompyutha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa isofthiwe eqondiswe endaweni ye-multiplatform..
• Blocks : Ulimi lokuhlela oluvumela ukudalwa kwamabhulokhi, lapho singafaka phakathi amabhulokhi akhiwe futhi, ngokulandelayo, lawa ngaphakathi kwamanye amabhulokhi. Lolu hlobo lokuhlela lwaziwa ngokuthi i-structured block programming.

Izinzuzo ze-Programming Software

Ezinye zezinzuzo ezinikezwa isoftware yokuhlela ngaphakathi kwenkundla yeTechnologies yilezi:

• Ukufakwa kwezinhlelo kwenziwa ngendlela yomuntu siqu.
• Ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ohlelweni lwenziwa endaweni, okuthinta isivinini ngesikhathi sokucubungula ulwazi.
• Azinzile futhi aqinile ezinhlelweni ezikhona kuwebhu.
• Bavame ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokusebenza afaka amakhompyutha, kanye nezidingo zesoftware.
• Ukufinyelela ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga okungaqondakali kanye nezibalo ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Ikhuthaza ukuzimela ekufundeni kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuqonda.
• Iqinisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okusebenza ngokubambisana ngokufuna izixazululo zeqembu eziqanjiwe.
• Ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa “kobuhlakani obuhlukene kumaphrojekthi okwabelwana ngawo: ezolimi, izibalo, ezobuciko, indawo, ezomculo, ezokusebenzelana nabantu kanye nabantu.
• Kuvusa isithakazelo emantombazaneni nakubafana ezifundweni zezibalo ne-STEM (Isayensi, Ubuchwepheshe, Ubunjiniyela kanye Nezibalo) ngokuvamile, okwandisa ngokulinganayo amathuba emisebenzi abo bonke abafundi kulezi zindawo.

Kodwa-ke, I-Integrated Development Environments inikeza izinzuzo ezizikhulumelayo njengokuthi:

• Kusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise ukulungisa iphutha lekhodi.
• Unenketho esheshayo yokuthola amafayela anamaguquguqukayo ashiwo kanye nemisebenzi.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhodi kungenziwa, okungukuthi, qinisekisa ukuthi awekho amaphutha ku-syntax yethu.
• Ama-plugin noma izandiso zihlanganiswe ukuze kuqedelwe futhi kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi yayo.
• Ivumela ukusetshenziswa kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi kusuka kuseshini eyodwa.

Ngazo zonke lezi zintuthuko eziseduze uma kuqhathaniswa nesihleli sombhalo esivamile, kusobala ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-EDI kukhiqiza izinzuzo eziningi lapho kuhlelwa.

Ukubi kwe-Programming Software

• Akunconywa ukuyisebenzisa kuphela kumaphrojekthi wesikhathi eside, ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanele asetshenziswe esikhathini esifushane.
• Amakhomishini nezindleko ziphezulu kakhulu uma kwenzeka izinhlelo zingasebenzi noma zilethe ukwehluleka kunoma iyiphi inqubo
• Aziguquki ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuzivumelanisa nezimiso ze-XP
• Ingase ingacatshangwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo njengokuthuthukiswa kwendabuko okujwayelekile.

Ukulandelana kwesoftware yokuhlela

Ukulandelana okuqondile kokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, kusukela esigabeni sayo sokuqala kuya esigabeni sokugcina, okuhlanganisa nesimo sayo sokusebenza. Umqondo uwukunquma izigaba ezimaphakathi ezihlukene ezidingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza, ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi isofthiwe ihlangabezana nezidingo zokufaka isicelo kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinqubo zokuthuthukisa. Ngezinjongo ezinjalo, kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi izindlela ezisetshenziswayo zifanelekile.

Lokhu kusuka eqinisweni lokuthi kubiza kakhulu ukulungisa amaphutha atholwe sekwephuzile esigabeni sokuqalisa noma sohlelo ngokwaso, phakathi nesigaba sokusebenza. Lokhu kulandelana kwesakhiwo, okuyinto kwabaningi okwaziwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wempilo yesofthiwe yokuhlela, ivumela amaphutha ukuthi atholwe ngokushesha futhi ngenxa yalokho abathuthukisi bangagxila kukhwalithi yesofthiwe mayelana nokusetshenziswa kanye nezindleko ezihambisana nalokhu.

Inqubo elandelanayo ingahlelwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Incazelo yezinhloso: nquma umphumela wephrojekthi kanye nendima yayo kuhlelo lonke.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwezidingo kanye nokwenzeka kwazo: qoqa, uhlole futhi wakhe izidingo zekhasimende futhi ubuyekeze noma yimiphi imikhawulo engasebenza.
• Idizayini evamile: izidingo ezijwayelekile zesakhiwo sohlelo lokusebenza.
• Dizayina ngokuningiliziwe: ukuqanjwa okunembayo kwesethi ngayinye yohlelo lokusebenza.
• Ukuhlela (ukuhlelwa nokuqaliswa): ukusetshenziswa kolimi lokuhlela ukuze kuklanywe imisebenzi echazwe ngesikhathi sokuklama.
• Ukuhlolwa Kweyunithi - Ukuhlolwa okunembile kwesethi ngayinye esicelweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zenziwa ngokuya ngokucaciswa.
• Ukuhlanganisa: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amamojula ahlukene nama-apula ahlanganiswe nohlelo lokusebenza. Lena injongo yokuhlolwa kokuhlanganiswa okufanele kubhalwe ngokucophelela.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa, okunesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi isofthiwe ihlangabezana nokucaciswa kwasekuqaleni.
• Amadokhumenti: Lokhu kuhambisana nemanuwali yomsebenzisi equkethe lonke ulwazi oludingekayo kubasebenzisi besofthiwe lapho imisebenzi yenqubo ngayinye yokuthuthukiswa kokujwayela okuzayo, izandiso nokulungiswa kuchazwa kabanzi.
• Ukunakekela: kuzo zonke izinqubo zokulungisa kanye nezibuyekezo ezincane zesofthiwe eziqhubekayo.

Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi ukuhleleka, ukuba khona kanye nokuvumelanisa ngayinye yalezi zinqubo ngokulandelana kwesakhiwo sesofthiwe yokuhlela kuncike ohlotsheni lwemodeli okuvunyelwene ngayo phakathi kweklayenti nethimba lonjiniyela. Isibonelo yilesi isoftware yamahhala okulandelana kwayo kwesakhiwo kunamandla kakhulu, njengoba abaningi abahleli bezinhlelo basebenza kanyekanye bathuthukisa izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza.