La inqubomgomo yezimali yokwandisa Isihloko esithakaselwayo njengamanje. Uma ungazi ukuthi kuyini noma ukuthi imiphi imiphumela yaso emphakathini, lesi sihloko esihle kakhulu senzelwe wena, ngoba sizokukhombisa isithombe esiphelele salesi sihloko esihle ukuze ungabi nokungabaza.
Umgomo wokukhula komnotho.
Iyini i-Expansionary Monetary Policy?
Okokuqala, kufanele sicacise ukuthi iyini inqubomgomo yezimali: inqubomgomo yezimali inkambu etholakala kunqubomgomo yezomnotho lapho izinhlangano ezinekhono zomnotho ziqondisa imakethe yemali ngokulawula ubuningi bayo nokugeleza kwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza komnotho. Le migomo isetshenziswa ngokwezidingo ezikhona ngaleso sikhathi, ukuze kubhekwane nokungalingani ngakunye.
Ngakho-ke, the inqubomgomo yezimali yokwandisa Yileyo nqubomgomo yezimali inhloso yayo enkulu ukukhulisa ukunwetshwa kokunikezwa kwemali, okungukuthi, ukwandisa ukuhamba kwemali ekhona emakethe. Lokhu kusebenza lapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, inani lemali ejikelezayo libuthakathaka kakhulu futhi kuyadingeka ukuqalisa izinyathelo zokwandisa imali ezivumela ukukhula komnotho.
Mayelana nalokhu, kungase kubhekwe izinkolelo-mbono ezimbili eziphawulekayo. Imodeli kaKeynes, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isungula ukuthi inqubomgomo yemali enwetshiwe imelela ukwehla kwezinga lenzalo, okuthi, njengoba amanani aphansi, evuna ukutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi, okubangela ukwanda kwesidingo esihlanganisiwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa indawo emaphakathi phakathi. ukunikezwa kokuqala kanye nesidingo, kanye nalezo ezikhiqizwe inqubomgomo yemali enwebekayo.
Ngokuphambene, imodeli ye-monetast icabanga ukuthi isenzo kufanele siqondiswe ekuzinzeni phakathi kokugeleza kwemali kanye nesidingo, ngakho-ke, inqubomgomo yemali enwetshiwe ngeke ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa njengoba amabhange azokhawulela amakhredithi awo ukuze agade iminyango yezomnotho yesikhathi esizayo. izithiyo.
Kunezici ezimbalwa zokuqalisa inqubomgomo yezimali enwetshiwe, phakathi kwazo yizilinganiso zenzalo, isilinganiso esibekiwe kanye nokusebenza kwezimakethe ezivulekile.
Amanani wenzalo
Izinga lenzalo yilawo achaza inani lokukhokhela imali ebolekiwe, lawa anqunywa amabhange amakhulu ezinkampani zamabhange, ezihlinzeka ngemali mboleko kumakhasimende nezinkampani. Ngalokhu kulawula, ibhange elimaphakathi lingakhuthaza inqubomgomo yezimali kalula, njengoba, ngokwandisa izinga lenzalo, izinhlangano zamabhange kuzodingeka zenze okufanayo kumakhasimende azo, futhi kwenzeka okufanayo uma izinga lenzalo lincishisiwe, kusukela ukuthi ukuba nenani eliphansi kubavumela ukuthi banikeze amanani aphansi.
Ngale ndlela, izinga lenzalo ephansi linikeza ukukhululeka okukhulu ekutholeni imali ebolekiwe futhi wathi ukukhululeka kwandisa isidingo semali, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukukhula kwemakethe yemali kukhuthazwa, okuyilokho okufunwa ukufezwa. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso esibalulekile senqubomgomo yemali yokwandisa ukwehla kwesilinganiso senzalo.
Ukusebenza ngokufakwa kwe-accounting.
i-lace coefficient
Imisebenzi yasebhange esiyenzayo imvamisa isungulwa ngemali yasebhange, okuyimali yokufaka imali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le misebenzi yenziwa ngokushintsha amabhizinisi, kodwa ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuba i-accounting entry, imali yoketshezi iphathwa ngenye indlela.
I-cash noma i-reserve coefficient iphesenti lemali okufanele igcinwe ebhange futhi engeke isetshenziselwe ukwenza imisebenzi. Lena ingxenye encane enqunywe iziphathimandla zezezimali futhi okufanele igcwaliseke, okusho inani elibalulekile lemali elingahloselwe ukufaka isandla emnothweni futhi, ngakho-ke, inani elincane lemali elijikelezayo.
Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso esibalulekile sokuqalisa inqubomgomo yezimali enwetshiwe ukwehlisa isilinganiso sokugodla, lokhu ukuze kunikelelwe imali encane kuso, futhi sibe nephesenti eliphezulu lemalimboleko nokuthengiselana namakhasimende.
imisebenzi emakethe evulekile
Sikhuluma ngokusebenza kwemakethe evulekile uma kuziwa ekuthengeni nasekudayiseni kwempahla okwenziwa yiBhange Elikhulu. Ukuze kube nenqubomgomo yezimali ekhulayo ephumelelayo, kukhona imisebenzi yemakethe evulekile esebenza njengezisekelo zokusekela inqubomgomo eshiwo.
Okokuqala, imisebenzi eyinhloko yezimali, lapho iphuzu elinqunyelwe ngaphambili ekunciphiseni izinga lenzalo ngamabhange amaphakathi liboniswa ngendlela eyisisekelo. Futhi-ke, imisebenzi yesakhiwo, icala lapho ibhange lithenga ibhondi kahulumeni kanye nempahla yezezimali futhi, ngomnikelo ophumelelayo wemali, yenza ukuthengwa kwesikweletu somphakathi; Bese kuba ngokujova imali ezweni, okubonisa ukuzungeza okukhulu kwemali emakethe.
Imithelela yenqubomgomo yemali yokwandisa
Kufanele kucaciswe kusengaphambili ukuthi imiphumela yenqubomgomo yemali yokwandisa ayiveli ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ayihlali ilindelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi bayo bukhulu kangangokuthi bungabangela, njenganoma iyiphi inqubomgomo, izehlakalo ezingezinhle uma ingenziwanga ngendlela efanele nangonembeza, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuyohlale kukhona okuguquguqukayo okwenza ithiyori ingabi ncamashi njengomkhuba.
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukucacisa ngokuqondile ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela ekhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa inqubomgomo yemali enwebekayo, ezinye izinto ezingenzeka zingabonwa kusengaphambili ezisinika umbono wokuthi le nqubomgomo ibhekana kanjani neqiniso.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingaba nemiphumela engemihle ngendlela esetshenziswa ngayo futhi iphakamisa ukwenyuka kwamandla emali, okungeyona into engenakwenzeka, njengoba ukubeka umgomo otholakala kuphela wokwandisa imali ekujikelezeni kungase kukhiqize ukwanda amanani emakethe. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele kuqashelwe ngamathuluzi asetshenzisiwe futhi kusungulwe imikhawulo ethile yenqubomgomo ngokwayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akudingekile ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi kube nemiphumela engemihle uma labo abathintekayo bekwazi ukuhambisa amakhono abo ukuze umnotho uzinze. Ukwenyuka kokugeleza kwemali kuphakamisa ukwehla kwezinga lenzalo futhi kunikeza inani elikhulu lemali kubathengi.
Lokhu, futhi, kumelela ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kwemali okuhlanganisiwe, amanani, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi. Kuleli qophelo, isisindo siwela ezinkampanini kanye nendlela yazo yokubhekana nesidingo esisha esihlanganisiwe, ngoba bazodinga ukwanelisa ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali okusha ukuze amanani agcinwe.
Ngale ndlela, inqubomgomo yezimali enwetshiwe izoholela emiphumeleni engaqinisekile uma isetshenziswa ngokuqinile hhayi ekuhlaziyeni okuhle kwesimo somnotho samanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube umsebenzi lapho zonke izinhlangothi zizinikele ekuhlelweni okufanayo, ngale ndlela kuphela lapho impumelelo ingaqinisekiswa khona.
Uma ubunentshisekelo kulesi sihloko, sinoyedwa mayelana I-Convertible Contingent Bond (CoCoS) ongakuthanda Faka isixhumanisi ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana naleli thuluzi lezezimali lezikhungo zamabhange, siyaqiniseka ukuthi ngeke uzisole.
