Imvelaphi yoMhlaba icishe ibe yindida njengesiqalo sempilo kulomhlaba. Iwukuphela kwendikimba enamatshe eyaziwa kuze kube manje, indawo yayo yemvelo egcina ukuphila nakho konke okuhlobene nayo.
Umhlaba onezimo ezifanele zomuntu kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, uyaqhubeka nokuba yingxenye yawo iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Kusukela emkhathini wayo, kuya endaweni ecebile futhi edlula endaweni ebaluleke kakhulu njengamanzi, iyiplanethi enkulu kunazo zonke.
Ngokusho kwemibono ethile, kukholelwa ukuthi uMhlaba kwakhiwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-4.000 edlule, cishe ngokulingana nelanga nenyanga. Ingenye yezinto eziphile isikhathi eside kakhulu ku-Solar System, ukuguqulwa kwayo okwenzeka ezandleni zemicimbi ethile yohlobo lokushayisana. Kodwa, ngokwawo, uMhlaba wakhiwa kanjani?
Ungase futhi ube nentshisekelo esihlokweni sethu: Ukufuna Okujulile Komhlaba Omusha: Hlangana namaplanethi lapho singathuthela khona!
Ukusa kweplanethi yasemhlabeni. Uyini ngempela umsuka woMhlaba?
Zonke izinkolelo-mbono zibonisa ukuthi uMhlaba wakhiwa ngesikhathi esifanayo neSolar System, kanye nezinye izakhi. Okusho ukuthi, amaplanethi, amasathelayithi, ama-asteroid nokunye, bakweleta isiqalo sabo esisekelweni esifanayo.
Ngokuyisisekelo, imvelaphi yoMhlaba inqunywa ingxube engavamile yezinto ezihlukahlukene. Phakathi kwazo, kugqama uthuli, igesi namadwala, kanye nezinongo ezengeziwe zethonya le-supernovae ehlukene.
Ngalowo mqondo, ukuqala koMhlaba kufakwe ngaphakathi kwe-nebular hypothesis, kubhalwe ngu-Immanuel Kant ekuqaleni. Isikhathi ngemva kwe-Big Bang, ukunqwabelana okunamandla kwezakhi eseziqanjiwe kakade, kwadala lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-protosolar cloudiness.
Umthombo: Google
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izakhi ezakha le nto zahlukana nayo ngamandla adonsela phansi. Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, lolu hlobo lwempahla lwaluphola futhi lujiyane, lwaqale lwakha ilanga.
Okulandelayo, ezinye izinto zokwakha, njengezingcezu zamatshe noma ezinye, anqwabelana kancane kancane akhe amadiski e-protoplanetary. Ngayinye yalawa madiski yahlanganiswa kancane kancane futhi yathola umzila othize.
Endabeni yemvelaphi yoMhlaba, yakha iplanethi, namuhla, enkulu kunazo zonke zamaplanethi egatsha elingaphakathi le-Solar System. Selokhu yadalwa, iplanethi iye yaba nochungechunge lwezinguquko ezihambisana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokugcina ukuphila.
Ngokulandelayo, kukholelwa ukuthi izakhi ezibalulekile zeplanethi, njengamanzi, zafika kwezinye izindikimba zasemkhathini ezithathwe ekubeni namafu. Lawa, aziwa kangcono ngokuthi ama-asteroid, kanye namasathelayithi, nawo adalwe ngenxa yesimiso esifanayo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuvela koMhlaba? Iplanethi iye yaziphatha kanjani kusukela ngaleso sikhathi?
Njengoba ilanga lisebenzisa amandla alo adonsela phansi ohlelweni olusanda kwakhiwa, ama-protoplanetary disk adala amaplanethi. Ngenxa yalokho, iplanethi enguMhlaba ikwazile ukuphuma engenalutho, ngemva kochungechunge lwezenzakalo ezihlangene.
Kusukela lapho, imvelaphi yoMhlaba yaletha olunye uchungechunge lwezenzakalo ezenzeka eduze. Okokuqala nje, ukubonakala kweplanethi ngaleso sikhathi, lalinamagqubu futhi libomvu ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ukungqubuzana okungapheli okudale ukudalwa kwayo kwabangela ukuthi indawo yayo ifinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umhlaba wawungeyona into oyiyo namuhla, ngisho namazwekazi, amanzi nomkhathi kwakungekho.
Ukwakheka komkhathi womhlaba
Ngenxa yokuthi ubuso bomhlaba babusekelwa umnyombo oshisayo kakhulu, wawuvame ukuqhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi wawungekho umkhathi ovikelayo, umthelela oqhubekayo wama-meteorite nama-asteroids wenza isithombe sibe sibi kakhulu.
Ngempela, ukusho ukuthi imvelaphi yoMhlaba yaba yimpumelelo, okokuqala, kwakufanele kwenzeke ngenqubo ende yokwakheka komkhathi wayo. Njengoba lokhu kungqubuzana nokuqhuma okukhulu kwenzeka, ukukhululwa okuqhubekayo kwamagesi ahloniphekile kwakhiqizwa.
Ngayinye yazo yanqwabelana ebusweni bomhlaba, yakha umkhathi wokuqala wakudala. Kodwa-ke, izakhi zawo zazingahambelani neze nokuphila, ngoba zaziyisulphur, i-carbon dioxide ne-nitrogen.
Ukupholisa kweplanethi, ukubukeka kwamanzi kanye ne-stratification yomkhathi
Isici esiphawulekayo ngemvelaphi yoMhlaba ukuthi kubonakala sengathi akwenzekanga lutho ngengozi. Ama-meteorite amaningi nama-asteroids afika ngaleso sikhathi ayenamanzi okuthi, lapho ehlangana nokushisa okungaphezulu, akhe isitimu.
Umhwamuko wamanzi wajiya kanye namanye amagesi aqanjwe ngaphambilini, okudala ukupholisa uqweqwe lomhlaba. Phakathi nenkulungwane yeminyaka, ingaphezulu laqina, lakhiqiza uqweqwe oluzinzile.
Khona-ke, inqubo yokufingqa yaba ngendlela yokuthi izimvula ezinkulu zokuqala zayihlela. Eqinisweni, kukholakala ukuthi izigidi zeminyaka edlule, uMhlaba wadlula enkathini yezikhukhula ezingapheli, ezabangela ulwandle.
Ngakho imvelaphi yokuphila eMhlabeni yadalulwa kanjani?
Ekupheleni kwale nhlanganisela yezinto eziqanjiwe, kancane kancane isimo sashintsha kwaze kwaba yilapho kudalwa ukuphila. Uqweqwe lwaqala olukhulu i-pangea izwekazi (ihlukaniswe izigidi zeminyaka kamuva), kanye nenqubo yokuqala yokuhlanganisa umkhathi.
Ngemvelaphi yokuphila eMhlabeni, kukhona labo abathi kungenxa yethonya lezinto zangaphandle. Nokho, okwamukeleka kakhulu namuhla ukuthi ukuqala kwayo kwenzeka emhlabeni ofanayo.
Umthombo: OkDiario
Ngemva kokupholisa iplanethi kanye nokuwa kwezimvula, i-carbon dioxide yagcwala kuzo, isabela ngezakhi zoqweqwe. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kusabela kwamakhemikhali kubangele ama-carbonates.
Lesi sisekelo, ngokwezifundo ezihlukene, saqala usawoti kanye nakho konke ukwakheka okuzungeza ulwandle. Ngokulandelayo, kunenkolelo yokuthi yakhuthaza indawo ekahle yokuba amagciwane okuqala olwandle, izinto eziphilayo, athuthuke.
Ngenxa yamabhaktheriya namanye ama-microorganisms, kwabangela inqubo eyigugu ye-photosynthesis. Ngayo, ukwakhiwa komoyampilo kwasebenza njengesitini sokugcina sokuqeda ukwakha umkhathi okahle. Ngaphansi kwesivikelo sakhe kanye nolunye uchungechunge lokusabela okwalandela, imvelaphi yokuphila eMhlabeni, kancane kancane, yahlangana.