La i-asparagus, igqame ngokuba yisitshalo sokuhlobisa, esikhiqiza ukudla okudliwayo futhi iyacelwa nakwabatshali bezimbali ukuthi bathuthukise imihlobiso. Itholakala eNingizimu Afrika, futhi ikhiqizwa ngembewu noma ngokuhlukana, ifinyelela ukutshalwa ngisho nasezibhodweni. Zitholele lapha.
i-asparagus
La i-asparagus, enegama lesayensi elithi “Asparagus”, isitshalo esinamandla okulinywa kuzo zonke izindawo ezingaba khona emhlabeni. Lokhu kunikezwa ikakhulukazi i-asparagus enhle kakhulu ehlinzekayo, kucatshangelwa ukuthi iyimifino edliwa abantu, okuyingxenye yokudla okuvamile, kunoma yikuphi ukudla.
Umsuka wayo usuka eNingizimu Afrika, uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300, nokho, phakathi kwalezi, kukhona futhi eziningi ezizalelwa e-Asia naseYurophu. Phakathi kwezici zayo ezingavamile, itholakala njengelungu lomndeni wakwa-"Liliaceae" futhi i-angiosperms, eyiveza njengesitshalo esiqhakaza.
Amahlamvu eliwabonisayo aluhlaza ngokuphelele, anokubukeka okuthile, alula kakhulu, athambile futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, anezwi eliluhlaza elikhangayo neliqinile. Ekuthuthukisweni kwayo iveza i-inflorescence encane, okuwukuphela kwayo kwenkathi yasehlobo. Kamuva, le inflorescence iphenduka amajikijolo, aqala abe nombala oluhlaza bese ephenduka abebomvu lapho esekhule ngokugcwele.
Sus Uhlobo lwamaqabunga, anomumo yenaliti eyedwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sitshalo esikhethekile siyi-dioecious, okusho ukuthi i-inflorescence yayo ayifani nobulili, ihlukaniswe ngesiqu kanye nesiqu. Ngokuqondile, izimbali zabo zobulili obunye zitholakala ezitshalweni ezihlukene, kungaba owesifazane noma owesilisa, ngakho-ke ezinye izitshalo zinezimbali zesifazane, kanti ezinye zinezimbali zesilisa.
Ukumelana kwayo nokubanda kulinganiselwe ngokuphelele, futhi kuyadingeka ukuyinakekela ngendlela efanele. Ukwengeza, kunenzuzo yokuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwayo kuzibonakalisa ngendlela esheshayo. Ivuma kalula ukutshalwa kwayo, kokubili ezimbizeni kanye ne-substrate eqondile, lapho isici esinqunyelwe yizinga le-pH, okumele libe ne-acidic. Ngemva kokukhula kwawo, amahlamvu awo aboniswa ngendlela enezimpaphe, efana nezigaxa ezilengayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-taxonomic kwe-asparagus
Isigaba se-taxonomic yiso esisungula isigaba se-taxa yezinto eziphilayo ngendlela yebhayoloji. Ngalo mqondo, endabeni ye i-asparagus, incazelo yalo inikezwa usosayensi, isazi sezitshalo, isazi semvelo kanye nesazi sezilwane, odabuka eSweden, uCarlos Linneo. Ukuba unyaka wokushicilelwa, 1753, ngevolumu ethi "Species Plantarum", 1: 313 - 314, enedatha elandelayo:
- UMbuso: isitshalo
- division: Magnoliophyta
- Isigaba: Liliopsida
- I-oda: I-Asparagales
- Umndeni: I-Asparagaceae
- Umndeni: I-Asparagoideae
- Ubulili: I-asparagus
Izici zesitshalo se-asparagus
Isitshalo i-asparagus, iyahluka ngokwethula izici ezilandelayo ezifanele:
- Kuyisitshalo esingapheli, okusho ukuthi siphila isikhathi eside ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili.
- Igama layo lesayensi lithi "Asparagus".
- Kuyisitshalo esidabuka eNingizimu Afrika, esihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300, phakathi kwazo eziphuma e-Asia naseYurophu.
- Ingowomndeni wakwa "Liliaceae".
- Ihlukaniswa njengesitshalo esikhula ngokushesha noma esisheshayo.
- Igqama ngokuba isitshalo se-angiosperm, okusho ukuthi isitshalo esiqhakaza.
- I-dioecious, enezimbali ezihlukene zesilisa nezesifazane, lapho futhi inezimbali, zombili ezingezona ubulili, i-hermaphrodite ngisho nesithembu.
- Ekuthuthukisweni kwabo, baba abanye, ngisho nabaqwali, ngakho bafinyelela ukuphakama okukhulu nendawo, uma bethola okuthile okubambelela kukho.
- Ikhawulele ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi.
- Amaqabunga awo amise njengenaliti, egcina uma izimo zilungile, umbala oluhlaza oqinile.
- I-inflorescence ye-asparagus, emhlophe ngombala, yenziwa ekupheleni kwehlobo, ehlanganisa amacembe ayisithupha kanye nalezi stamens eziyisithupha, okuyiziduna. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesifazane bane-ovary, futhi bangase babe nama-ovules amabili noma ngaphezulu.
- Izimbali zawo ziphenduka zibe amajikijolo, aqala abe luhlaza bese abomvu lapho evuthwa. Lawa majikijolo ayizithelo, eziba yindilinga, ububanzi bawo bobubanzi buphakathi kwamamilimitha angu-4,5 no-10.
- Lesi sitshalo sinokuzalaniswa kokubili ngembewu nangokuhlukanisa.
- Inokukhula okushesha ngokuphawulekayo.
- Naphezu kokuba isitshalo esimelana kakhulu, singahlaselwa amagciwane, ezinye izifo ngisho nezinambuzane. Ekhumbula ukuthi, njengakunoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, ngokungangabazeki beza ukuze basenze buthaka, futhi isizathu kufanele sihlaselwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ezinye izici
- Kudinga izehlakalo ezinhle zokukhanya, okuthi, uma kusetshenziswa imisebe eqondile yeLanga, kungcono nakakhulu, ngoba kuyintandokazi yakho. Kodwa-ke, lesi sigameko kufanele silawulwe, ngoba amaqabunga avame ukuwohloka, aze abe phuzi. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuyigcina endlini, inqobo nje uma iseduze kakhulu nefasitela.
- Inama-bulb ezimpandeni zayo, okusho ukuthi akudingekile ukunisela ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi la ma-bulb anesici esiyingqayizivele sokugcina amanzi kamuva awanikeza isitshalo. Ukuba, ukuthi isitshalo, esikhula ngendlela ebikezelayo lapho sibhekene nesomiso, singavumeli izehlakalo ezinjalo zimangaze.
- Amahlamvu awo aminyene kakhulu futhi anomumo onjengezimpaphe, lapho afana khona nezigaxa ezilengayo.
- Kudinga ukuthi i-substrate lapho itshalwe khona ibe ne-drainage eyanele ngaphandle kokubangela ukugeleza kwamanzi ngemva kokuchelela okuvamile noma ukuwa kwamanzi emvula.
- I-asparagus iyisitshalo sokuhlobisa esithandwa kakhulu, iphinde ifuneke ngabatshali bezimbali abahlukahlukene, ngenhloso yokugcwalisa imihlobiso abayihlinzekayo. Ngokuhlangene, igqama ngokuba nokukhiqizwa okudliwayo, okuyimifino ye-asparagus, evumelana nemithetho yokudla, engacacile ekudleni okudliwayo.
- Isikhathi esikahle sokutshala yinkathi yasentwasahlobo.
- Ingatshalwa kokubili ku-substrate eqondile nasemabhodweni.
- Ukutshala kabusha kuwumkhuba wokuthi, esimweni se-asparagus, kuhle kakhulu, ngoba kuyasiza ekuziphendukeleni kwayo nasekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kuphakanyiswe ukuthi kucatshangelwe uma zitshalwe ezimbizeni, ikakhulukazi lapho umkhawulo wokukhula ubonwa.
Ukutshalwa kwe-asparagus
La i-asparagus, ibonakala ngokuba isitshalo esivumela futhi sivumelane kahle nokutshala kokubili ezimbizeni kanye ne-substrate eqondile. Kulokhu, umkhawulo obalulekile kuphela isimo sezulu, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuzwela emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngokucabangela lesi sici, kuba kuhle ukutshala ebhodweni, ngoba ingasuswa ngokuphelele endaweni eyodwa iye kwenye ukuze ivikeleke.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-asparagus idinga ukukhanya kwelanga noma okungenani ukusondela kwayo okudumile kubo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma itholakala endaweni yangaphakathi, ivunyelwe ukuba ibe seduze nefasitela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ushintsho lubonakala ngokuphelele, ngoba amaqabunga ayo azobonakala ngaphandle kokuba nempilo enhle, enomthamo omkhulu nombala oqinile.
Okubunjiwe
Ukutshala ebhodweni kunenzuzo efanayo naleyo ye-substrate eqondile. Ngaphandle, kuba i-asparagus, ukuyibeka endaweni encane akuyona inkinga, ngoba izimpande zayo zikhangwa ezindaweni lapho izikhala ezilinganiselwe zitholakala khona. Yingakho kuvamile ukuwazisa ezimbizeni ezincane phakathi nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili zokuqala zokulima. Njengoba i-diameter evamile, leyo ezungeza phakathi kwamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili nayishumi.
Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo esithakazelisayo sithanda ukutshalwa nezinye izitshalo, ngakho-ke akusiyo inkinga ukuthi sihlanganyele ibhodwe laso noma sixhunywe kuleso esinendawo etholakalayo.
Nge-asparagus, okudingekayo ukuthi ibekwe endaweni enikezwe ukukhanya okuhle. Ukubamba, okuyikhona futhi okulivumela ukuba libonise umbala oqinile wamahlamvu alo aluhlaza futhi yikho okulithandayo lapho lithuthukisa ukuminyana kwamaqabunga awo. Kodwa-ke, uma ingenakutholakala ngezigameko zelanga, ukusondelana kakhulu nokukhanya kwanele.
Izinga lokushisa elivumelana nayo futhi okufanele licatshangelwe lapho kusungulwa indawo yalo, yileso esisebangeni eliphakathi kuka-10°C no-15°C. Lena yiyona ephathwa njengefanele isilimo esine-asparagus, nokho, iyakwazi ukubekezelela lokho okusesimweni sika-25°C no-8°C.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi, ngesikhathi sasehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile lishintsha, ibhodwe lithathwe futhi libekwe ezindaweni zangaphandle. Lesi senzo sizoyivumela ukuthi ibonise amahlamvu aluhlaza, ngaphezu kokuminyene. Njengoba iyindawo ekahle, lapho ungezwa khona imimoya enamandla.
Ku-substrate eqondile
I-substrate eqondile njengokutshala noma ukutshala i-asparagus iyacatshangelwa, inqobo nje uma izidingo ezithile zingaqinisekiswa. Eyokuqala yazo ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwemvelo akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-8 ° C, ngoba lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukubekezelela lelo zinga lokubanda. Ngalo mqondo, ebangeni elijwayelekile le izici zesimo sezulu endaweni ziba nesidingo sokuthi zihlolwe.
Isitshalo i-asparagus, inenketho engenzeka noma ekahle, ukuyibeka noma ukukumisa endaweni engadini lapho kucace khona kuphela. Ukuba nomkhawulo ongenzeka noma wangempela, wokuthi ayinakho ukuvela okuqondile kwemisebe yeLanga.Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukukhula kwayo ngokulinganayo, okuminyene futhi okunempilo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi nakuba kubonakala kungakholeki, iyakwamukela ukutshalwa lapho umthambeko ubangela ukuwa. Ukuqashelwa ukuthi ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwayo manje kwenziwa ngendlela ye-cascade, eheha amanye amehlo.
Iseluleko esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuthi, uma isimo semvelo sihluka kusukela nsuku zonke, okuholela eqhweni elisithintayo, singavikelwa ngokuthi "i-anti-frost veil", isikhathi eside njengoba kudingeka. .
Yisiphi isikhathi esifanele sokutshala isitshalo se-asparagus?
Kokubili ukutshalwa kwe i-asparagus ebhodweni, njengaleyo eyenziwa ku-substrate eqondile, umzuzu ofanelekile futhi oyithandayo, inkathi yentwasahlobo. Ukukhumbula ukuthi, uma kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwayo, kuyinzuzo engcono esitshalweni. Lapho, ngokungangabazeki ingakwazi ukufeza ukuminyana okukhulu kwamahlamvu awo kanye nethoni eluhlaza egqamile yamaqabunga ayo.
Njengento eyisisekelo okufanele icatshangelwe, ukuthi, njengoba ingenzi kahle ukugeleza kwamanzi, kuyasiza ekuphatheni i-substrate ekhanywa kalula. Ngakho-ke, uma etholakalayo ingafinyeleli kulesi simo, isamba sesihlabathi esimahhadla singengezwa njengesithasiselo.
Lesi sihlabathi esimahhadla sizoxutshwa nenani elihle le-substrate enikeziwe. Umphumela walokhu wukuthi ngale nyunyana kuzothakaselwa ukuthi ukudonsa kwayo amanzi kuzoba nesikhungo esizuziwe, esihlomulisa futhi sithuthukise imboni.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asparagus
Isitshalo se-asparagus sibonakala ngokuvuma ukuzala, kokubili ngesimo, ngokusetshenziswa kwembewu yaso, nokuhlukanisa. Ukhumbula ukuthi kuzo zombili izimo imodi yile echazwe ngezansi:
Ngezimbewu
Uma udlala emuva i i-asparagus Ngembewu, inzuzo iqala ngokuba nezitshalo eziphilayo, ezinamandla nezinamaqabunga. Lapho umbala oluhlaza ofiphele kuyisampula yezempilo kanye nenzuzo oyitholayo.
Lolu hlobo lokuzalana kwezitshalo lubonakala ngokuba nokukhula ngokushesha, kube yisikhathi esifanele, ngenxa yezimfanelo ezinikezayo, inkathi yasentwasahlobo.
Ukwenza lolu hlelo, kufanele kube khona umbhede wembewu, lapho into ehlinzeka ngamanzi okwanele kufanele ifakwe ngaphambili esisekelweni. Lokhu kungafezwa, njengoba kukhonjisiwe, ngesihlabathi esimahhadla. Kulokhu, i-substrate efanelekile ifakiwe, okungukuthi lapho imbewu itshalwa khona. Lokhu kumele kube nezakhamzimba eziningi kanye namaminerali, okwenza kuvundile futhi kunenzuzo ukuze imbewu iqhume.
Okulandelayo, imbewu ye-asparagus kufanele ibekwe kanye ne-substrate encane ngaphezulu kwazo. Ekugcineni, ukuchelela okuthambile kufanele kwenziwe, ngaphandle kokuthi amanzi awe ngamandla.
Le nursery kufanele ibe endaweni engenazo izehlakalo zemisebe yelanga, enezinga lokushisa elanele, elishintshashintshayo libe ngu-16°C. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbhede wembewu kufanele umbozwe ngendwangu okungcono kakhulu emnyama, lapho okusele kuwukuqaphela ukuwunisela lapho kudingekile.
Ngesikhathi ukuhluma kwembewu ye-asparagus kuyaziswa, ucezu lwendwangu kufanele lususwe. Ngale ndlela, kakade kungenzeka ukuthi ukucaca kuyayithinta, ngakho-ke kufanele itshalwe kabusha ezimbizeni noma i-substrate eqondile lapho ihlonishwa. Kulesi sinyathelo esilandelayo sesitshalo, ibhodwe elincane lilungile.
Ngokuhlukanisa
Yenza noma wenze ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe i-asparagus ngokwehlukana, ithathwa njengendlela elula futhi esebenzayo. Kulokhu okuwukuphela komkhawulo, uma kungathathwa ngaleyo ndlela, yisikhathi lapho ukuzalwa noma ukuqubuka kwesitshalo esisha kufinyelelwa khona. Lokhu kungukuthi, mayelana nalokho okutholwe yimbewu, ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho kokuhlukaniswa, impendulo yayo iba kancane ngokuphawulekayo.
Njengasendabeni yembewu, isikhathi esifanele sokwenza le ndlela yokukhiqiza inkathi yasentwasahlobo. Lapho, ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwalokhu, esitshalweni kunenzuzo ephelele.
Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ngesitshalo esisesigabeni sokukhula okuphelele noma esivuthiwe, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza kabusha izinhlobo ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ezintsha ngokuphelele. Ukukhumbula ukuthi indlela ukukhiqiza okwenziwa ngayo ngokuhlukanisa iwukufeza lokho okushiwo igama, okuwukuhlukanisa isitshalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kungenzeka ukuthola ezinhlanu, eziyisithupha noma ngisho nangaphansi, kudingekile kuphela ukutshala ebhodweni elilungisiwe. Lapho indlela okumele ilandelwe ifana naleyo esetshenziswa kwezinye izitshalo, ngisho namabhodwe angakwazi ukuzimela angasetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izitshalo zizovele zinamandla okuzigcina ngendlela engaziwa futhi eyayo ukusuka komunye nomunye. Okunye ukunakekelwa, ukuchelela nokufaka umquba, phakathi kokunye, kwenziwa ngendlela evamile, ngaphandle kwezinguquko, njengalokho okwenziwa esitshalweni esivuthiwe.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesitshalo se-asparagus
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezitshalo eziyinhloko i-asparagus okulandelayo:
I-Asparagus plumosus
Izinhlobo ze-Asparagus plumosus, noma, i-asparagus ye-florists, yiyona evame ukutholakala, ngakho-ke ivame kakhulu futhi ifunwa kule ndawo, lapho inhloso yayo iwukuhlobisa izinhlobonhlobo zezimbali ngendlela ehambisanayo.
Isuka eNingizimu Afrika noma eNingizimu Afrika. Iboniswa njengesitshalo esinokuziphatha okukhuphukayo nokuthuthukiswa, ngakho-ke uma ithola okuthile okumele ibambelele kuyo, izoqhubeka nokuguquguquka. Ubude ekwaziyo ukukuzuza buyibanga lamamitha amahlanu.
Iphinde igqame ngokubonisa amahlamvu, anombala oluhlaza oqinile ophelele futhi okhombisayo, nokucwebezela, lapho ubuhlakani butholakala ebuhleni bamaqabunga awo amancane namancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqu zayo zethulwa ngobude obude, ngaphandle kokuthi zibe namagatsha. Lapho uwabona, amaqabunga ayo ayakwazi ukubonakala ngokubukeka okufana nokwezimpaphe, nge-sponginess ethile.
Amagatsha awo anikeza ukuqina okuphelele engxenyeni yesisekelo, okuthi kamuva, ngenxa yobude, aqhubekele ekuzuzeni ukuchezuka okuvundlile naphansi. Ubuthakathaka bayo obudumile kanye nokuzwela izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-ambient, elingayivuni.
I-Asparagus densiflorus
Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo i-asparagus, futhi inemvelaphi yayo eNingizimu Afrika, lapho ngokumangazayo ithathe indawo, yafinyelela ezingeni lokuthi ithathwe njengomhlaseli, okubangela imiphumela engemihle eHawaii. Igqama ngokuba yisitshalo esikhula njalo, ngakho-ke inokuphila isikhathi eside okungaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Njengaku-Asparagus plumosus, iziqu zayo ziqinile phansi.
Inamandla okuqhakaza ngombala omhlophe onombala obomvana, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi i-sap equkethwe kulolu hlobo lwesitshalo se-asparagus ngemuva kokuxhumana nesikhumba iyakwazi ukubangela ukucasuka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amajikijolo eliwakhiqizayo anomphumela onobuthi uma ewagwinyile.
I-Asparagus sprengeri
uhlobo lwe i-asparagus, I-Asparagus sprengeri, ibonakala ngokukhula kweziqu ezinamandla nezinkulu. Lezi zinezici ezingavamile zokuba nokuhamba okuphelele, ukuguquguquka futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, nokugcina ukuwa kwemvelo. Lesi sitshalo sinomsuka e-Afrika, sithatha i-inflorescence ngenkathi yasehlobo nokuphila okufushane. Ingatshalwa kokubili ku-substrate eqondile nakumabhodwe, ngoba ivumelana kalula.
Ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo se-asparagus
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwenziwe esitshalweni se-asparagus, ngenhloso yokugcina impilo yaso kanye namaqabunga, yilokhu okulandelayo:
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa ekahle ukukhula kanye nokuthuthukiswa i-asparagus Okuhle, yileyo eshibilika cishe ku-15°C. Kodwa-ke, ingagcinwa futhi iguqulelwe emaphethelweni lapho ubuncane bungu-5°C, kuyilapho ubuningi bungeqi ku-30°C.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kudingekile ukubeka isivuno ngaphansi kwesendlalelo sepulasitiki, ngoba umkhuhlane uyawusungula, inzuzo eyengeziwe itholakala, lapho okungalungile ukuthi ikhwalithi eboniswa yisitshalo iyathinteka.
Umswakama
Isitshalo se-asparagus sigqama ngokuthuthukiswa kabanzi ezindaweni lapho i-asparagus ikhula khona Umswakama kube okubalulekile. Ngalo mqondo, inani elifanele elivunyiwe yilelo elinyakazayo phakathi komkhawulo ka-85% no-90%. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lapho izinguquko ezingazelelwe zomswakama zirekhodwa endaweni ezungezile, yilapho ama-shades avela kokuphuzi kuya kokuluhlaza abonakala emaqabunga esitshalo.
Luz
Kulesi sitshalo, ukukhanya kuyingxenye eyisisekelo, ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwayo, ngakho-ke kufanele ikhule ikakhulukazi emasimini, lapho, uma lesi sigameko singaqondile, kungcono. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukucaca kunikeza konke okudingayo, kusukela ekuhlazeni okuvamile kwamaqabunga awo. Isizathu sokuthi kungani isigameko esiqondile kufanele sinakekelwe kungenxa yokuthi imisebe yelanga eqinile ende isikhathi eside ithinta umbala wamaqabunga ayo athambile.
Lapho itshalwe ebhodweni, indawo yayo yangaphakathi, iyadingeka ukuthi ibekwe endaweni eseduze kwefasitela. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi ukwazi ukuthatha ukucaca okuphelele okudingayo ukuze ube nenhlalakahle yakho.
Ukuthumela okungaphansi
I-substrate ukuthi isitshalo i-asparagus udinga, yiyona eqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele, lapho kungekho khona ama-puddles ngemva kokuchelela okuvamile noma ngemva kokuwa kwamanzi emvula. Le substrate kumele inothe ngemisoco kanye namaminerali, lapho i-pH yayo kufanele futhi ibekwe eduze kakhulu nokungathathi hlangothi.
Lapho i-substrate ingenayo le mfuneko, ingasizwa kalula ngokungeza isihlabathi esimahhadla, esifakwe kuso futhi isidingo sihlangatshezwana nayo.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo i-asparagus, ihlukaniswa ngokungadingeki ukuchelela njalo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yama-bulb atholakala ezimpandeni zawo. Lapho lezi zikuvumela ukuthi ugcine isitshalo simanzi, ngoba yilapho kugcinwa khona amanzi azo, okuthi kamuva awasabalalise.
Ukunisela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kube ngokulinganisela ngokuphelele futhi kungabi ngokweqile, ngoba kuyisitshalo esidinga umswakama kuphela. Kunconywa ukuthi ukwenze kabili noma kathathu ngesonto, ngesikhathi sasehlobo, kungcono uma kuhambisana nokufafaza amahlamvu. Esikhathini sasebusika, kanye ngesonto kwanele, ngoba ayidingi ukumanziswa okuningi.
