Izilwane zinamalungelo amaningi njengabantu, amalungelo okufanele ahlonishwe futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kuwo ilungelo lokuphila, isimemezelo somhlaba wonke samalungelo ezilwane wonke umuntu udinga ukwazi. Sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda ukuze wazi ngale mithetho.
Amalungelo ezilwane
Umhlangano wokuqala eParis ngo-October 15, 1978, wawunezigaba eziningana ukuze kufinyelelwe esivumelwaneni esifanayo phakathi kwamazwe ahlukahlukene, umgomo wawuwukulondoloza ukuphila kwezilwane, kuhlanganise nezilwane ezisengozini enkulu yokushabalala.
Kunezinhlaka ezimbalwa ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi simemezelo samazwe ngamazwe samalungelo ezilwane sithotshelwa ngokugcwele, lezi zihlukaniswe zaba izinhlangano zezilwane zasendle, ezifuywayo, zasolwandle, phakathi kokunye.
Isethulo se-Universal Declaration of Animal Rights
Izihloko okwakhulunywa ngazo esimemezelweni samazwe ngamazwe samalungelo ezilwane yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Yiziphi izilwane ezinelungelo lokunakekelwa kwendawo yonke.
- Indlela yokuvimbela abantu ukuba bangabi nandaba nobunzima nezinkinga abazibangela ezilwaneni.
- Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu uselahlekelwe yinhlonipho ngokuba khona kwezilwane nakho konke okungeyona eyesintu.
- Izilwane zinelungelo lokuphila futhi umuntu akakwazi ukuzibulala ngoba uyojeziswa ngesisindo somthetho futhi umuntu akanalo ilungelo lokufaka isilwane engozini.
- Indlela yokusungula ekukhulisweni komuntu; iqiniso lokuthi kufanele uhloniphe izilwane, njengoba nje uhlonipha umuntu wakini, ukhumbule ukuthi izilwane zibaluleke kakhulu kuso sonke isimiso sethu semvelo.
Ama-athikili we-Universal Declaration of Animal Rights Law
Lo mthetho uqukethe izihloko eziyishumi nane ezinemininingwane kahle, ezisungula ayini amalungelo ezilwane kanye nomsebenzi abantu abanawo mayelana nalokho:
Isigaba 1
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izilwane zinelungelo lokuphila, njengoba zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ezihlala emhlabeni zinamalungelo, leli lungelo lisuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezincane kakhulu liye esilwaneni esikhulu kunazo zonke njengesilwane. Umkhomo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ilungelo lokuphila akumele lithathwe kancane, kufanele bacabangele ukuthi akuzona zonke izilwane ezidliwayo futhi lokhu kwenza umehluko ngokwamalungelo izilwane ezidliwayo nezingadliwa.
Isigaba 2
Inhlonipho enikezwa zonke izidalwa eziphilayo kufanele inikezwe izilwane ngokulinganayo, ngisho noma zisenza sibe nokwesaba noma ukunengeka, njengoba kwenzeka ezilwaneni ezinwabuzelayo, khumbula ukuthi into yokuqala eyayihlala kulo mhlaba kwakuyizilwane kanye nezinye. imibuso yezidalwa eziphilayo, ngemva kwakho konke lokhu ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo uhlanga lwesintu lwanikezwa.
Isibonelo salokhu okuphawuliwe kulapho kubonwa isilwane esandulela umlando njengenyoka; ukuthi ngesikhathi umuntu eyibuka, isinyathelo sabo esisheshayo wukubulala, okungafanele kwenzeke, njengoba inyoka iyisilwane futhi inamalungelo.
Isigaba 3
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezifuywayo, izenzo zezinhlangano ezifana nezindawo zokukhosela nezinhlangano ezivikela izilwane kufanele ziqinisekise futhi ziqaphe ukuthi abantu abanezilwane ezifuywayo bathobela imithetho nemithetho, okungukuthi, izilwane ezifuywayo akudingekile ukuba zibulawe indlala futhi zingaphili ngendlela engafanele.
Isibonelo salesi sihloko singabonakala kubantu abanezinja noma amakati amaningi ezindlini zabo, abaqapheli ukuthi kuyingozi nokuba nezilwane eziningi, ngoba lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo kubantu.
Ngendlela efanayo nezilwane, ukuba nezilwane ezifuywayo eziningi endaweni evaliwe kubangela izinkinga ezithile zokuziphatha nempilo.
Isigaba 4
Izilwane zasendle zihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane futhi lezi zinelungelo lonke ngokwesimemezelo somhlaba wonke samalungelo ezilwane, ukuhlala nokuhlala endaweni engenabantu abangabaphatha kubi, kungashiwo ukuthi indawo yazo yemvelo kufanele ithathwe njengengathinteki.
Njengamanje, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi lokhu akunakwenzeka, izilwane zasendle zibhekene nokwehla okukhulu kwezinhlobo zazo, ngenxa yokuthi umuntu ubhubhisa indawo yazo yokuhlala ukuze akhe intuthuko yasemadolobheni noma izindawo zezimboni.
Ngaphandle kokululaza izizathu ezenza umuntu enze ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okunjalo, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukulondoloza ukulinganisela phakathi kwamalungelo azo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo.
Isigaba 5
Zonke izilwane ezikhulela ezindaweni okuhlalwa kuzo noma ezimbonini zinelungelo lokuhlala, njengoba zazalelwa kulezi zindawo ngenxa yokuthi bekuyikhaya lazo phambilini, lokhu uma kubhekwa ama-sloth okuyizona ezivame ukubhekwa ezindaweni ezifana nalezi. .
Izilwane zinelungelo lokuphakelwa ngendlela eyanele, noma ngabe zikhona Izilwane zasendle.
Isigaba 6
Ukulahlwa kwezilwane kuthathwa njengesenzo esingenabuntu nesinonya kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezilwane, kulesi sihloko se-Universal Declaration of Animal Rights Law, banquma isijeziso esinikezwa noma yimuphi umuntu olahla isilwane esimweni esibucayi.
Nakuba isijeziso salokhu singelona ijele, kufanele bahambisane nomsebenzi wokusiza abantu futhi bazovinjelwa ekubeni nesilwane njengesilwane esifuywayo futhi.
Isigaba 7
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezihlinzeka ngomsebenzi njengezinja ezikhungweni zamaphoyisa, zinelungelo lokuphumula, ukungenisa amanzi nokudla njengoba kwenza abantu.
Umuntu akakwazi ukuphoqa noma ukuphoqa lezi zilwane ukuba zenze imisebenzi noma imisebenzi ezingaqeqeshiwe.
Isigaba 8
Izilwane ezinjengamagundane zinelungelo lokuphila, nakuba kumuntu kubhekwa njengezinambuzane okungafanele zingene endlini, umqondo awukona ukuwubulala ngezicupho noma ubuthi, sebenzisa lezi ukuze uqedele uchungechunge lokudla kwekati lakho elifuywayo.
Kumele ngabe abaningi bayibonile ifilimu yopopayi ethi The Lion King, kulena bachaza ngokubaluleka kokuhambisana nomjikelezo wempilo, akumele ubulale okungadingeki, lokhu kuthinta izilwane ezidliwayo ngabantu, kodwa khumbula ukuthi izilwane ziyadla. ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Njengesibonelo, izimpisi zidla noma yisiphi isilwane esiphilayo, nokho, amabhubesi kanye nazo zonke izilwane ezidla inyama zingadla izimpisi.
Isigaba 9
Ukuzalaniswa kwezilwane ukuze kudliwe abantu kufanele kuhlukaniswe futhi kuhloselwe lo msebenzi, isibonelo, izinkomo ezifuywa emapulazini kanye nenjongo yazo, wonke umuntu uyazi kakade ukuthi kuzoba yini, nokho, i-Universal Declaration of Animal Rights Law Ibeka ukuthi lezi zilwane akufanele ziphathwe kabi noma zihlupheke ngesikhathi zibulawa.
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi lezi zingaphansi kokuvikelwa kwezinhlaka ezahlukene zikahulumeni ukuze zibe izilwane ezidliwa abantu, phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- Isikhukhukazi
- Inkukhu
- Inkomo
- Ingulube
- Inhlanzi
- I-Mariscos
- izinyamazane
- Imbuzi
- Unogwaja
- Izimvu
- Phakathi kwabanye
- I-Pato
- Turkey
Isigaba 10
Izilwane zesekisi akufanele ziphoqwe noma ziphathwe kabi, zenzelwe ukujabulisa umuntu, njengezilwane ezitholakala kuma-zoo.
Imithetho ivikela lezi zilwane ngaphezu kwalezo ezisendle, ngoba kuwumsebenzi wendoda noma umnakekeli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zinokudla okwanele, ukuphumula okuhlakaniphile kanye nokugeleza kahle kwamanzi.
Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile kulokhu, ngoba umuntu kufanele aqinisekise impilo enhle yesilwane esivalelwe futhi ikakhulukazi uma sithintana nezixuku zabantu.
Isigaba 11
Ukubulala isilwane kuyicala kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni, noma ngabe isilwane sini.
Lo mthetho ubajezisa kanzima ababulala izilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kumanje kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane esezingasekho ngenxa yokubulawa kwabantu budedengu.
Isigaba 12
Ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo yemvelo kubhekwa njengokuhlasela okungathi sína kwezilwane ngisho nasemvelweni, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sidinga izihlahla, izimbali, utshani endaweni yethu, phakathi kwezinye izici ezisiza umoya-mpilo weplanethi yomhlaba.
Isigaba 13
Ngokufanayo, izilwane ezifile kufanele ziphathwe ngesizotha nangenhlonipho, kufanele zingcwatshwe endaweni lapho zingasetshenziselwa izenzo zokuthakatha, phakathi kokunye.
Isibonelo, uma inja yakho efuywayo ifa, akufanele uyilahle kudoti, ngoba iloli elikuqoqayo ngeke lithathe isilwane sakho esifile, ungathola indawo lapho uzoyingcwaba khona ngesithunzi nalapho ezinye izilwane zingakwazi khona. dla kuso.
Isigaba 14
I-Los Izilwane ezingavamile Yizona ezivikelwa yile Universal Declaration of Animal Rights Law futhi zibhekwa ngale ndlela ngoba azinasilwane esifana nanoma yiziphi izici zaso noma intela yaso.