El Ukutshalwa Kwe-Mushroom Ekhaya, iyingxenye yenketho engcono kakhulu yabantu abathambekele ekudambiseni lesi sidlo esimnandi. Asikho isidingo sokuya esitolo, ngoba okude kakhulu, ukubheka ekuvuneni uqobo kanye nokusha okungenakuqhathaniswa. Ngalokho nokunye, thola ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lapha.
Ukutshalwa Kwe-Mushroom Ekhaya
Yenza ukutshala amakhowe ekhaya, ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka, kunenzuzo futhi ukonga. Indlela yokuzithola ngokushesha futhi kalula, ngoba ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo kufushane kangangokuthi ngeke sibe khona isikhathi sokumangala. Okusho ukuthi, kudingekile kuphela ukuvumelanisa indawo, lapho umsebenzi wokulima uzokwenziwa khona, ube nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngoba, banobuhle bokukwazi ukudla ngisho nangesikhathi esingaphansi kwenyanga kusukela ekuqaleni kokuvuna. Lapho okubalulekile Umswakama futhi ube nesikhala sokuqalisa insimu ebizwa ngokuthi yi-mycological, eyisipesheli sokutshala amakhowe. Ngoba njengoba kulula ukuwathenga esitolo, kulula kakhulu ukutshala amakhowe ekhaya.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-spores, ama-substrates, ama-kits ayisisekelo abaqalayo noma ama-initiation kits, ama-plant kits, amasaka akhiqiza amakhowe, phakathi kokunye, ayatholakala emakethe. Ukuthi ndawonye, bakha zonke izidingo ezidingekayo ukuze balawule futhi baqale emkhiqizweni othakazelisayo.
Izinhlobo zamakhowe Okungenzeka Zikhule Ekhaya
Ezinye zezinhlobo zamakhowe okulula ukuwatshala ekhaya yilezi ezilandelayo:
- I-Flammulina velutipes noma i-Enoki Mushroom
- I-Agrocybe aegerita noma i-Poplar Mushroom
- I-Pleurotus citrinopileatus noma i-Yellow Oyster Mushroom
- I-Agaricus bisporus noma i-Common Mushroom, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Paris Mushroom
- I-Ganoderma lucidum noma i-Reishi Mushroom
- I-Pleurotus ostreatus noma i-Oyster Mushroom
- I-Hericium erinaceus noma i-Lion's Mane Mushroom
- I-Pleurotus eryngii noma i-Thistle Mushroom
- I-Lentinula edodes noma i-Shiitake Mushroom
- I-Pleurotus salmoneostramineus noma i-Pink Oyster Mushroom
Ungayitholaphi Ikhithi Yokulima Amakhowe Amakhowe Ekhaya?
Kunconywa ukuthenga ikhithi for the ukutshala amakhowe ekhaya, ezitolo ezikhethekile, maqondana nengadi kanye nezolimo. Ukuthi yibona abanakho konke okudingekayo ukuze kungadingeki lutho kulo msebenzi othokozisayo.
Lapho, ngaphezu kwalokho, benezisebenzi ezidingekayo nokuqeqeshwa, ukweluleka noma ukunikeza impendulo efika ngesikhathi, lapho kuphakama imibuzo. Iyiphi i-brand engcono kakhulu, eguqulelwe ekudalweni kwensimu ye-mycological, ekhethekile yamakhowe. Lokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuzophendula noma cha, endaweni noma isimo sendlu lapho ukulima kuyokwenzeka khona. Ngoba akuzona zonke izindawo ezifanayo, ngisho noma unesimo sezulu esifanayo.
Izinyathelo Zokukhulisa I-Mushroom Mushroom Ekhaya
Izakhi eziyinhloko nezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ukufeza ukutshalwa kwamakhowe ekhaya zihlukahlukene. Thanda indlela yokutshala amakhowe, Kulula kakhulu. Ngalo mqondo, kufanele uqale kuphela ngochungechunge lwezakhi eziyisisekelo, ulandele ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezilula futhi konke kuzobe kuphelele.
Indlela eyisisekelo ukusebenzisa utshani be-alpaca, okuwuhlobo lwe-substrate esele isilungisiwe futhi yafakwa esimweni sokuhlwanyela ukhunta. Kungase futhi kube isiqephu sezwe engadini noma enye etholakalayo.
Iziphi ezinye izindlela ezikhandlayo zokulungisa i-substrate okufanele isetshenziswe. Kungakho, uma kufunwa indlela eqondile kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, i-alpaca yotshani iyi-substrate efanelekile. Lapho indlela efanele, kanye nezakhi ezibalulekile yilezi ezilandelayo:
Utshani Alpacas
I-alpaca yotshani wuhlobo lwe-substrate okutshalwa kuyo amakhowe. Yakhiwe uhlobo lwebhokisi noma ebizwa nangokuthi i-straw block. Okuyindlela ehlangene ngokuphelele, okumele imbozwe kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki emnyama. Kuleli qophelo, kuphakama umbuzo indlela yokutshala amakhoweNokho, kulula njengokufunda.
Iqala ngokuthatha i-alpaca yotshani futhi kulokhu ukuhlwanyela kwesikhunta kwenziwa, okuzonikeza kamuva amakhowe. Izimbobo zenziwe epulasitiki emnyama, eyayimbozwe ngayo, ngokusho kobubanzi besiqephu sotshani be-alpaca, obungaba yishumi noma ngaphezulu. Okabani amadayamitha angaba phakathi kwamasentimitha amane noma amahlanu. Ukuba nalokho, ngokusebenzisa lezi, ukuthi amakhowe azokwazi ukuphuma ngemva kokukhula kwawo.
Umswakama
Ukuze uthole ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele nokukhula ngemuva ukutshala amakhowe ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuhlola umswakama kahle kakhulu. Lesi sidingo sibalulekile, ngoba lesi sici esiyisisekelo sibaluleke kakhulu kusikhunta. Ngalo mqondo, i-alpaca yotshani kufanele ibekwe endaweni enomswakama.
Ukhumbula ukuthi, uma umswakama unganele, inqubo kufanele isize ngokukhipha izifutho eziphakeme kakhulu zamanzi, emgodini ngamunye owenziwe ngepulasitiki emnyama. Ukuze utshani be-alpaca bumanziswe, kube lula ukukhula nokukhula okulandelayo kwekhowe.
Kunconywa ukufutha lokhu kanye ngosuku uma indawo lapho i-alpaca yotshani itholakala inomswakama. Kabili ngosuku, uma imvelo iboniswa ngesimo sezulu esivamile futhi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, uma ngokuphambene nalokho imvelo isomile.
I-Iluminación
Ukukhanyisa kuyisici esinqumayo kakhulu, ngoba, ukuze amakhowe athuthuke futhi akhule. I-alpaca yotshani kufanele igcinwe endaweni engenakho ukukhanya kwelanga, okungukuthi, emthunzini ophelele.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa elifanele ukutshalwa kwe-mushroom fungus ekhaya, okwenza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula okufanayo. Kuphakathi kuka-15 no-20°C. Kodwa-ke, uma imvelo inganikeli lolu hlu, ungadangali, ngoba into ezokwenzeka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwayo kuzoba kancane kancane. Lapho into ebalulekile kuwukuthola isivuno futhi kuzokwenzeka, ngokufanele futhi ngaphandle kwemingcele.
Kudingekile ukucabangela ukuthi, uma izinga lokushisa lehla kakhulu, kufanele kumiswe uhlobo lwe-greenhouse, oluhlanganisa ukumboza amakhowe ebusuku, lapho ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kugcizelelwa.
Ukuba nalokhu kufanele ubekezele kuphela uma isimo sezulu singalungile, futhi ucabange ukuthi usuku ludlulile, lapho ezimbili sezidlule ngempela. Ukunikeza umphumela, ukuthi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ungakwazi ukunambitha ubumnandi obuhle kakhulu obutshalwe ekhaya.
Ukukhula
Uma ukulima kwenziwe ngendlela efanele, kulandelwa izincomo futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, imvelo ilungile noma ilungile. Kuphakathi kokuthi, kuzuzwe ngokumisa indawo noma ngokwemvelo. Ungabona kakade ukuthi kanjani ipulazi lamakhowe uyachuma.
Ukukhuthaza ukukhula okungasheshiswa kalula, ukuthatha isivuno evikini elilodwa noma amabili. Ngisho kancane kancane, ukuthatha isivuno ngenyanga noma mhlawumbe ngaphambili. Lapho kudingekile ukugcizelela, ukuthi ukugcina ukutshalwa kwamakhowe ekhaya kunomswakama futhi kube lula ukukhula, kungokusebenzisa isifutho samanzi njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla.
Atshalwa kanjani amakhowe?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-mushroom iwuhlobo lwe-fungus, olubaluleke kakhulu, oluceliwe futhi olusetshenziswa ku-gastronomy. Ukhumbula ukuthi lapho isitshalo silinywa futhi sisuswa, i-mycelium, okuyingxenye ethintana ne-substrate, ihlala kuleyo ndawo. Ukukhipha kuphela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ikepisi kanye nomzimba wekhowe, okuyikhona okubuye kusetshenziselwe izibiliboco ezimnandi.
Njengezinye isikhunta, lesi sikhunta sikhula ezinhlamvu, okuyizona imbewu yamakhowe, ngoba kuyini ukulima.
Izinto kanye nezinyathelo okufanele uzilandele ekukhuliseni amakhowe
Izinto kanye nezinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe ukutshalwa kwamakhowe yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Thola ibhokisi okungcono kakhulu kwe-anime (i-polystyrene enwetshiwe).
- Yethula utshani obumanzi, kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezingatholakala ekhaya, okuyingxube yamaqabunga, amagobolondo Izinhlobo zezithelo, imifino, phakathi kwabanye emele umanyolo wemvelo kanye nemvelo.
- Uma ukoma kuzwakala kungxube, amanzi kufanele engezwe ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa (vele umanzise ngesifutho samanzi).
- Uma unendawo yekhofi, ungayengeza futhi, ngoba ingumgqugquzeli wokukhula omuhle.
- Kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi le substrate iyona ezonikeza amakhowe izakhi, ngakho-ke lapho itholakala kakhulu, isivuno singcono.
- Ngemuva kokuyixuba kahle, i-mycelium etholiwe kufanele ifafazwe ngezinhlamvu. Kuleli cala, "i-Agaricus Bisporus", okuyigama elinikezwe amakhowe aseParis.
- Faka umunwe we-mulch emanzi bese ufafaza ngamanzi.
- Mboza ibhokisi ukuze kungangeni ukukhanya bese ulinda izinsuku ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-8. Ukuhlola umswakama okufanele ube ku-80%.
- Uma ubuka ngeso lengqondo ubukhona bezintambo ezimhlophe, kusho ukuthi selumile. Ukuba yisikhathi sokubeka isivalo esiphezulu esivumela ukukhula kwamakhowe. Okumele kuvulwe umgodi phakathi nendawo ezosebenza njengomnyango wokukhanyisa.
- Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-20, isivuno sokuqala singavunwa, lapho i-cap yekhowe ingabonakala ngobubanzi obuhluka phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-5 no-8.
- Lezi kufanele ziqoqwe ngokusonta umzimba, okuyilapho zihlukana khona ne-substrate.
- Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, isivuno esisodwa singatholakala masonto onke.
Ukunakekela okufanele kucatshangelwe ekutshalweni kweMushroom Mushroom Ekhaya
ukunakekela ukucabangela ku ukutshala amakhowe ekhaya zilula ngempela noma ziyisisekelo, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu ukufeza isivuno esiphelele. Okulandelayo:
- Hlela ingadi ye-mycological, noma utshani be-alpaca, endaweni engenakho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Okusho ukuthi, kunikezwe umthunzi.
- Zama ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-15 kuya ku-20 ° C.
- Uma unendawo enomswakama, sebenzisa izifutho zamanzi kanye ngosuku. Uma imvelo ijwayelekile, fafaza kabili ngosuku. Kodwa uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lomswakama liphansi, ngenxa yendawo eshisayo, fafaza izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
- Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, yenza umphumela we-greenhouse uhlanganise isivuno ngesikhathi sasebusuku, okuyilapho ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa kuqoshwa khona.
