Ukunakekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kweplanethi, njengoba zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nabantu, zincike kukho. Ngalesi sizathu ukugcinwa nokulondolozwa kwayo okuqondiswe entuthukweni esimeme nehloniphekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Funda nathi konke mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, izinhlobo, ukubaluleka kwazo kanye nezenzo ezingenzeka. Ungayeki ukufunda kuningi okufanele ukufunde!
I-Biodiversity noma I-Biological Diversity
Eplanethini kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinto eziphilayo ezinempahla yokushintsha nokushintsha kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. Lokhu kungase kube ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamanzi njengoba kuhlanganisa yonke into kusukela kumagciwane amancane kuya ezinhlelweni zokuphila eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, indawo ezihlala kuyo kanye nobuhlobo ezinabo nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kubhekisela ekushintshashintsheni njengoba kuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, imvelo kanye nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, okuhunyushwa njengomthombo wengcebo.
Izinhlobo Zezinhlobonhlobo Zezinto Eziphilayo
Zonke izinto eziphilayo zidinga ezinye ukuze ziphile. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziyingxenye yohlobo ngalunye futhi ngokushintshana kwe-ecosystem ngayinye. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulondoloza kokubili ikhwalithi yofuzo kanye nebhayoloji yezinhlobonhlobo ze-ecosystem. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Ibhekisela enanini lezakhi zofuzo ezihlukahlukene zohlobo olufanayo, okungukuthi, ukuhlukahluka kolwazi lwefa oludluliselwa phakathi kwabantu ngabanye. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo kuhlobene nokuvela kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukuze zivumelane nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Isibonelo salokhu yintamo ende yendlulamithi ukuze ikwazi ukufinyelela emagatsheni esihlahla somtholo.
Uma kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zofuzo, kulapho lezi zinhlobo zezilwane zisemathubeni amaningi okuba zisinde ezinguqukweni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo. Ngamafuphi, kungukuhlukahluka okwenzeka phakathi kwezinhlobo ezifanayo. Umbala wamehlo, usayizi, umbala wesikhumba, uhlanga, phakathi kwabanye.
Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Kulokhu kubhekiselwa enanini lezinhlobo zezilwane ezitholakala ku-ecosystem efanayo. Kumelwe kucatshangelwe ukuthi ukukhuluma ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuyiyunithi eyisisekelo yokuhlukanisa ukuze kube nokuhleleka okungcono kwalezo zinto eziphilayo ezihlala ndawonye futhi zabelane ngezici zebhayoloji. Kufanele kufakwe izinhlobo zezilwane eziye zavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-12 neziyi-100 emhlabeni futhi zisazohlukaniswa futhi zaziwa.
Inyama ngayinye iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga ezinye ukuze ziphile. Lolu cwaningo luhlanganisa ama-microorganisms, izilwane, nezitshalo ezihlala emhlabeni wonke endaweni ethile.
I-Biodiversity of Ecosystems
Iplanethi inezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo, ukuhlukahluka kwayo kutholakala emaqenjini amakhulu amathathu, ukuhlukahluka kwe-Alpha, okubhekisela emphakathini wezinto eziphilayo, okungukuthi, bahlala endaweni ethile enezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo futhi kuyo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo. . Ukwehlukahlukana kwe-Beta: kubhekisela ekubambisaneni kwe-ecosystem eyodwa nenye kanye nokuba sengozini okungaba khona ezinguqukweni zemvelo.
Futhi ekugcineni, ukuhlukahluka kwe-Gamma, okubhekisela enanini eliphelele lezinhlobo eziyingxenye ye-ecosystem ethile. Kukhona imvelo efana nezixhobo zamakhorali, amahlathi, amachibi ngisho nezingwadule. Iyintshi ngalinye leplanethi lihlala uhlobo lwe-ecosystem ehlala ndawonye kunethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukulahleka Kwezinto Ezihlukahlukene
Ijubane elisheshayo lezakhamuzi zale planethi kanye nesimiso esingazinzile ezihlala kuso kuye kwabangela ukulahleka kwenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo emazingeni amathathu adlule. Kubalulekile ukwazi imiphumela lokhu okungase kube nayo esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu, yingakho wonke amazwe kufanele abhekise amehlo awo kumphakathi wabathengi olawulwa kakhulu, ovumela ukuvikelwa nokugcinwa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilwane.
Ngalokhu, kubalulekile ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwazo zonke izinsiza kuwo wonke amazinga futhi ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukuqhubeka nokulahlekelwa izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nalo izakhi zazo zofuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni emhlabeni.
Ukubaluleka Kokunakekelwa Kwezinto Ezinhlobonhlobo
Uma kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphezulu, amathuba okusinda ezintweni zangaphandle ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu noma ukuhlaselwa kwamagciwane ayanda. Ngokombono wezomnotho, ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kuthola ukubaluleka okukhulu njengoba umuntu edinga ukudla kokubili izilwane nezitshalo, futhi lapho indawo inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane, ivame ukugxila kakhulu ezivakashini, okwandisa umsebenzi wokuhweba, okungenisa imali enkulu inani labantu.
Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kuthathwa njengokubalulekile ngokombono wezokwelapha, njengoba izitshalo eziningi ngisho nezilwane zisetshenziselwa ukudala imithi yabantu. Kodwa-ke, i-1% kuphela yezitshalo eziye zabonwa futhi zavunyelwa emhlabeni ngenxa yokuphumelela kwazo kwezokwelapha. Njengamanje kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala, ngakho-ke ama-alamu kufanele aphakanyiswe futhi kuboniswe izinhlobo ezintsha zokuphila ezihambisana nemvelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ngamafuphi, zikhiqiza ingcebo yofuzo, ukuthembela komunye kanye nokuphila kwezinhlobo zeplanethi ukuze kube nokulingana okunikeza ubuhle nezinga lempilo yethu sonke esihlala eMhlabeni.
Umphumela Wokulahlekelwa Kwezinto Ezinhlobonhlobo
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwendawo ezungezile, kodwa izinga lokunukubezeka elandayo nsuku zonke kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezikhala ngumuntu, lidala imiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi kwezinye izimo engalungiseki. Ukuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwemithombo yemvelo kanye nokusebenzisa ngokweqile kusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwezimiso zemvelo ezinothile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Umuntu akaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi kufanele aphendule amehlo akhe nezenzo zakhe emhlabeni osimeme lapho kuhlonishwa khona imvelo. Lapho izinto eziphilayo zibhekana nokulahlekelwa noma ukuwohloka kwendawo ezihlala kuzo, yilapho kuqala khona ukucekelwa phansi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi umuntu usenesandla amakhulu eminyaka ekucekeleni phansi amahlathi, amahlathi, imifula, amachweba, amabhishi, okungukuthi, yonke into oyithola kuyo. indlela yakho.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubhekwa njengenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukufinyelela kwayo ngokushesha ngenxa yokuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwemithombo yemvelo, izakhi ezingcolisayo nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokweqile kubangela ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala, okuphoqelela izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane ukuba zihlasele noma ziphele nya. Lokhu kuzoba yingozi kakhulu njengoba umhlaba uqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kabi.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezinto Ezihlukahlukene
Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuphila emhlabeni kungenzeka, yingakho kufanele kuqale ukusetshenziswa izindlela zokunakekela, kusukela kubantu abaningi kuye ezivumelwaneni phakathi kwezizwe. Le yinkinga esikhathaza sonke ngokulingana, ngoba ukuphila kwethu kuncike kuyo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu esilula, abantu, okuyibo kuphela ababhekene nalesi simo, kudingeka bavikele, balondoloze futhi banakekele ngayinye yezakhi zemvelo nezinhlobo zezilwane ezihlala lapho, bebonisa inhlonipho ngendawo ngayinye.
Ngalokhu, kuphakanyiswa ukuba kuncishiswe izinto ezingcolisa umoya njengezibulala-zinambuzane nomanyolo obangela umonakalo omkhulu, onakalise umhlaba, ongcolisa amanzi futhi oyingozi kokubili izitshalo nezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ugcina edle ingxenye yawo lapho edla ukudla. Enye indlela yokusiza ukusebenzisa isu le-"R" emithathu yokunciphisa, ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha, ngale ndlela izindawo zizohlanzeka, kuzoba nodoti omncane ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kuncane.
Ukuze izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zigcine ibhalansi yazo futhi sibe nempilo ephelele, kufanele sinciphise ukusetshenziswa, sikushiyele ukuthenga okungalindelekile futhi sazi ngomonakalo odalwayo. Yehlisa isidingo samandla, esikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-carbon dioxide. Ngale ndlela, ukuhlola nokukhishwa kwezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungcola. Ngokufanayo, iplanethi izokubonga uma uyeka ukusebenzisa imoto futhi esikhundleni sayo (lapho kungenzeka) ufake ezinye izindlela zokuthutha ezingangcolisi kangako.
Izenzo Zokunakekela Imvelo Ehlukahlukene
Uma ufuna ukubambisana ngokuqondile ekunakekelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, nanka amacebiso awusizo angasetshenziswa ngendlela elula: tshala izihlahla nezihlahla ezihlala endaweni ohlala kuyo, uzama ukufaka izitshalo eziqhakazayo ukuze kuphile izinambuzane ezidinga ukuphila. impova nompe. Beka izindlu zezinyoni namalulwane ezihlahleni. Gwema ukusebenzisa isibulala-zinambuzane bese ufaka esikhundleni saso izindlela zemvelo.
Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo ekunakekeleni ikhaya. Sebenzisa okuthathu "R". Yiba yingxenye yamavolontiya okubuyisela nokunakekela izindawo zemvelo. Ungazibulali izilwane, zama ukuzibeka endaweni ephephile kuzo zombili nakuwe. Wonke umuntu unesizathu sokuba khona.
Ingqungquthela Yokuhlukahluka Kwezinto Eziphilayo
Amazwe amaningi ngenxa yesimo semvelo esiphila kuso aye abona isidingo sokwenza izivumelwano ezivuna imvelo. Kusukela ngo-1992, izenzo ezinamandla zaqalwa ngenxa yeNgqungquthela Yomhlaba lapho kwazalwa khona i-United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Yasungula ukusetshenziswa okusimeme kwezinsiza, ukubaluleka kokonga izinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yofuzo ngendlela efanele nelinganayo.
Ngonyaka wezi-2010, isivumelwano esisha esibizwa nge-Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 savunywa, esifuna ukusetshenziswa komgomo wokunciphisa ukubusa kuyo yonke imisebenzi engcolisa kakhulu, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okuvikela imvelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo
Intuthuko esimeme iyingxenye ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Sibonga intshisekelo yayo yokuvikela imvelo kanye nokungaguquki ukuzibophezela kokulondoloza okusungulwe kuzinqubomgomo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona: ukuthatha izinqumo mayelana nokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemiklamo yengqalasizinda ehambisana nemvelo. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukugwema ngazo zonke izindleko ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezivikelekile ezinenani eliphezulu ngokwezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene zazo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokunakekela i-Biodiversity, sikumema ukuthi ubukele ividiyo elandelayo.
Uma kwenzeka le miklamo ingenziwa, abantu kufanele bahlale benolwazi ngayo. Kumele zihlanganiswe ezinhlelweni zokulawulwa kwemvelo, zibambe iqhaza ngocwaningo oluvumela ukusungulwa kwezinto ezibalulekile zemfundo. Kuzo, kuzofundiswa amasu okulondoloza nokugcinwa kwemvelo, kusukela esemncane, okuyoba isiqinisekiso somuntu omdala onomthwalo wemfanelo.
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