Enye yezimbali eziyivelakancane futhi ngasikhathi sinye ezifuna ukwazi emhlabeni, ngoba amacembe ayo afana kakhulu ne iqhude, esinye sezilwane ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Namuhla sizofunda konke mayelana nale mbali emangalisayo nokunakekelwa kwayo, ngoba bambalwa abantu abazi ngayo nobuhle bayo obujabulisayo.
Ezentela
- Umbuso: Tshala
- Isigaba: I-Magnoliophyta
- Isigaba: I-Magnoliopsida
- I-oda: I-Caryophyllales
- Umndeni: I-Amaranthaceae
- Umndeni ongaphansi: amaranthoideae
- Isizwe: celosieae
- Ubulili: UCelosia L., 1753
Izici zembali ye-cockscomb
Igama lesayensi lalesi sitshalo yi-Celosia argentea var. ikristalu. Laba basuka ezindaweni ze Isimo sezulu esishisayo yezwekazi lase-Asia ne-Afrika futhi lokho kuyingxenye yomndeni we-plantae Amaranthaceae.
Njengoba isitshalo se-herbaceous, inomjikelezo wokuphila waminyaka yonke, okungukuthi, ukuphila kwayo kuthatha unyaka owodwa kuphela, iyahluma, ikhule, iqhakaze futhi ekugcineni iyafa. Uma imbewu yesitshalo isivuthiwe, isitshalo sizoqala ukubuna lapho amakhaza eqala ukungena kanye nobusika.
Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo ane-lanceolate, amade futhi uyabona ukuthi imizwa yaso kulula ukuyibona ngoba imakwe kahle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, umbala walawa mahora uluhlaza oluhle kakhulu futhi oluhlaba umxhwele.
Endabeni yezimbali ze-cockcomb, lezi zingaqhakaza eziphuzi, ezibomvu, eziwolintshi noma ezibomvana futhi ngokuvamile ziqala ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo, lapho zizobonakala njenge-inflorescence eqondile, enezimpaphe futhi eminyene kakhulu. . Lezi zimbali zingahlala izinyanga ezimbili uma isimo sezulu sifudumele, okusho ukuthi zihlala isikhathi eside.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lezi zingenye yezimbali ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezingadini nama-balconi, ngoba zinikeza umbala nokukhanya isikhathi eside, okubenza babe yizimfanelo ezinhle zokuba izitshalo zokuhlobisa ezingajatshulelwa isikhathi eside.
Ukutshala Nokunakekela Ibhasikidi Leqhude
Lesi isitshalo esilula kakhulu ukusikhulisa nokunakekela, ngakho awudingi ulwazi oluningi ukuze ube nekhekheba lamaqhude ekhaya, noma ngabe umusha ukutshala ukunakekelwa.
Sizokwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okudingekayo ukuze sibe nesinye salezi zitshalo ukuze zikhule futhi zikhule ngendlela enempilo futhi zihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka:
Ukuzala
Uma sikhuluma ngokuzalana kwezitshalo, kumele sihlale siqala ngembewu. Uma kwenzeka ungenayo i-cockscomb endala ekhaya, kufanele uthenge imbewu yalesi sitshalo enkulisa noma esitolo.
Uma usunazo ekhaya, okufanelekile ukuthi zifakwe engilazini yamanzi okungenani amahora angama-24, ngale ndlela, ungalahla lezo zinhlamvu ezingeke zisebenze, ngoba zizontanta emanzini, lezo kuzobe kuphephile ukuhluma, kuzohlala phansi engilazini.
Ngokwenza lokhu, ungaqiniseka ukuthi yiziphi izimbewu okuzothi, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuhlwanyela, zihlume ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Uma amahora angu-24 esephelile, kufanele uqale ukulungisa umbhede wembewu lapho imbewu izotshalwa khona. Ungasebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesiqukathi, noma kunjalo, kunconywa ikakhulukazi ukuthi usebenzise amathreyi embewu, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zinhlamvu ngokuvamile zinephesenti eliphezulu lokuhluma, futhi ngaphezu kwalokhu, ziyizitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha, ngakho kanye. imbewu itshaliwe, izoqhuma ngokushesha.
Kunconywa ukuthi kufakwe izimbewu ezimbalwa esitsheni esisodwa, ngaphandle kwalokho, izitshalo ngeke zikhule ngendlela efanele ngoba ngeke zibe nendawo enkulu yokukhula kwezimpande zazo. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele zibekwe phakathi kwezimbewu ezimbili noma ezintathu uma isitsha singesikhulu kakhulu, ngoba izimpande zizoba nendawo yokwandisa.
Lapho imbewu isiqala ukuhluma futhi ihlume, izitshalo zingatshalwa kabusha ezimbizeni ngazinye ukuze zikhule kahle. Kungakho, uma unombhede wembewu ekhaya, ungabeka i-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke noma i-peat exutshwe 50% ne-perlite ku-alveoli.
Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, i-substrate noma i-peat kufanele iniselwe. Ngaphakathi kwe-alveolus ngayinye, ungabeka ubuningi bembewu engu-2, ngale ndlela, izimpande zizoba nesikhala esanele sokukhula.
Ngemuva kokuthi zibekwe, kufanele uzimboze ngendwangu encane ye-substrate, lokhu kwenziwa ukuvimbela umoya ekuthatheni imbewu. Okokugcina, ukuchelela okumnene kufanele kwenziwe futhi ukuze kumanzise ungqimba lwe-substrate.
Uma sekudlule izinsuku ezingaba yi-10 noma 20, inqobo nje uma kunezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-15ºC nokuthi ibekwe endaweni lapho ingathola khona ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Uma lezi zidingo zihlangatshezwana, isitshalo sizokwazi ukuba nentuthuko eyanele kanye nezingozi zokukhula zizoncipha, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zitshalo azithuthuki kahle uma zibekwe ezindaweni ezinomthunzi omncane. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngeviki, ngendlela yokuthi i-substrate ihlale imanzi kodwa ingalokothi igcwale amanzi.
Uma lesi sitshalo okungenani singamasentimitha ayi-10 ubude futhi amaqabunga awo okuqala esevele omile, yisikhathi sokusifaka ebhodweni elikhulu noma ebhodweni.
Okuthile okufanele ukukhumbule ukuthi lesi yisitshalo esingeke sithathe isikhathi eside ukuqhakaza, ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele, njengoba kuzoba phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu. Uma izimbali sezivele, ungajabulela umbukwane ezibukwayo ezikunikeza wona cishe amaviki angu-8.
Uma ufuna ukujabulela isikhathi esiningi ngalezi zimbali, ungakhetha ukutshala lezi zitshalo ngamaqoqo ahlukene, eyokuqala, ungazihlwanyela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, eyesibili, phakathi nendawo neyesithathu ekupheleni kwalokhu. isizini, ngale ndlela, Uzothola ithuba lokubuka lezi zimbali isikhashana.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngenkathi usebhodweni
Lena iFlora ejwayele ukutshalwa ebhodweni njengoba incane ngosayizi, imvamisa ayilinganisi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-50 ubude. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa lesi sitshalo njengomhlobiso ophakathi nendawo, ekhoneni, kuma-balconi noma kumathalasi.
Manje, sesizokwazi ukuthi i-cockcomb idinga ukunakekelwa ini lapho itshalwe ebhodweni:
- Indawo: Ngokufanelekile, kufanele ibekwe elangeni eliqondile.
- Ukunisela: Kufanele iniselwe kaningi, okungukuthi, izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngesonto. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, lokhu kunisela kufanele kube cishe nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-30ºC futhi uma ubona ukuthi i-substrate yoma ngokushesha kakhulu.
- Obhalisile: kuhle ukuthi kwenziwe. Umanyolo oxutshwe nomanyolo okhethekile ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa kufanele usetshenziswe, ngale ndlela, izimbali zalesi sitshalo zizoba ziningi kakhulu phakathi nenkathi yokuqhakaza kwayo.
- Isendlalelo: Lokhu kufanele kube ne-drainage enhle kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuhluma kwenziwa embhedeni wembewu, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-substrate lungasetshenziswa, uma kwenzeka ludluliselwa ebhodweni, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi aluhlangene, okuyinto , luhle ukuyisebenzisa. I-50% ye-peat emnyama ne-50% ye-perlite noma i-50% ye-peat emnyama, i-30% ye-perlite kanye ne-vermiculite engu-20%.
Ukunakekelwa kwaphansi kuyadingeka
Njengoba lezi zitshalo nazo ziphelele ukuba nazo engadini zizodwa noma zihambisane namanye ama-trellises anobukhulu obufanayo. Sizokwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okufanele kunikezwe lezi zitshalo, ngoba lezi zihluke kancane kulokho okudingwa yilowo osebhodweni:
- Indawo: kufanele futhi ibekwe endaweni lapho ithola khona ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
- Ukunisela: Kufanele kube kaningi, kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kuka-3 no-4 izikhathi ngosuku.
- Obhalisile: obhalisile kufanele enziwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo njenge-guano ewuketshezi, okufanele siyisebenzise ngokuya ngemiyalelo efika ephaketheni.
- Umhlaba: Akudingekile ukuthi inhlabathi ibe ne-pH ethile, noma kunjalo, uma imadolonzima ukukhula ezindaweni lapho inhlabathi iminyene kakhulu futhi ingenawo amanzi amahle. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi indawo lapho izotshalwa khona ine-drainage enhle, ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kuvulwe umgodi ozogcwaliswa nge-substrate ne-perlite ngezingxenye ezilinganayo, ezizohlinzeka ngamanzi. .
Izifo nezilokazane zekamu leqhude
Sesifundile ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kulezi zitshalo uma kwenzeka zisengadini noma ebhodweni, manje sekuyisikhathi sokufunda ngezifo nezilokazane ezingalimaza futhi zibulale lezi zitshalo ezinhle.
Izifo
Izifo ezidluliselwa ezitshalweni ngokuvamile zibangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane noma isikhunta. Uma kwenzeka ikhekheba leqhude isifo esiliphathayo yileso esidalwa yisikhunta, lesi sikhunta saziwa ngegama elithi isikhutha esiyimpuphu, okuyi-parasite ethinta ngokuqondile amaqabunga esitshalo futhi iwamboze ngohlobo lukakotini omhlophe onomumo wenkanyezi.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi lesi sikhunta singalawulwa ngokushesha futhi ngokwanele, sizokwenza ukuthi amaqabunga aqale ome futhi awe, okuthi uma engelashwa, angagcina ethinte isitshalo kangangokuthi angakwazi ngisho nokufa.
Isizathu salesi sifo ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile okunikezwa isitshalo, amanzi amaningi, umanyolo owedlulele, ukungabi khona kwelanga eliqondile, phakathi kwabanye. Ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngesikhathi lapho lokhu kuntuleka kokunakekelwa kulungiswa noma ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele, noma ngokusebenzisa ama-fungicides emvelo, angaba isulfure noma ithusi.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi lesi sifo singelashwa ngesikhathi futhi sisesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu, kufanele selashwe ngama-fungicides amakhemikhali.
Izinambuzane
Ngenxa yokuthi amaqabunga alezi zitshalo anojusi, izinambuzane eziningi zikhangwa kuzo, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka usebenzise ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuvimbela lezi zinambuzane ukuthi zingaphazamisi isitshalo sakho.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu emakhekhebeni amaqhude yilezi:
- Izibungu: Lezi zilwane ezincane zibekwe engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga esitshalo, okungukuthi, ohlangothini olungemuva lwesitshalo. Uma kwenzeka isitshalo sakho sinezibungu, uzoqaphela ukuthi sizoveza amabala aphuzi, izimbobo ezincane ebezingekho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, futhi, ubungabona ubulembu kuso. Ukwelashwa okufanelekile kwalesi sitshalo kungenziwa uwena, ngoba ungasebenzisa indwangu enensipho namanzi ukuhlanza amaqabunga aso, nakuba ungasebenzisa futhi izibulala-zinambuzane eziqukethe i-Chlorpyrifos.
- AmaMollusks: Esimeni lapho isimo sezulu lapho uhlala khona sinomswakama omningi, ungase ube sengcupheni yokuthi eminye iminenke isondele esitshalweni sakho. Indlela yokugwema lezi mollusk ukubeka amapuleti noma izibuko ezinobhiya ngaphakathi eduze kwayo. Enye indlela yokwenza, futhi edala umonakalo omncane eminenke, ukubeka ithusi elincane eduze kwesitshalo.Ukusabela kwale nsimbi lapho ithinta udaka lomnenke kuyokwenza i-mollusk ingafuni ukusondela kuwe. isitshalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo se-cockscomb
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, ingenye ye izitshalo zokuhlobisa, okungukuthi, ingafakwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yendlu, kuvulandi noma ingadi, ukunikeza umbala nobuhle endaweni.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sinokunye ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika nase-Asia, izindawo zemvelaphi efanayo nalapho izimbali zaso zidliwa njengomthombo wokudla.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasaladi angenziwa ngekama leqhude, yingakho lesi sitshalo saziwa nangokuthi "isipinashi esivela emachibini". Ukuze usebenzise, kufanele ubilise amaqabunga athile alokhu kuphela isitshalo samaqhude bese uyibeka eduze kwe-ulethisi noma imifino, ngale ndlela uzoba nesidlo sakusihlwa esingavamile nesiphundu noma i-appetizer.
Izinhlobo ezaziwayo zamaqhude
- I-Celosia arenaria
- I-Celosia argentea
- UCelosia cristata
- I-Celosia cuneifolia
- UGracilent Celosia
- i-lattice ebukhali
- I-Celosia palmeri
- I-celosia yezimpaphe
- I-Celosia staticodes
- I-Celosia trigyna
- celosia virgata
- Celosia whitei