Ukungcola emhlabeni wonke kuye kwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yalezi zindlela ziye zasetshenziswa ukuze kusizwe imvelo, kwakha izincazelo ezithile ezibalulekile ukuze zisebenzisane nokongiwa kwemvelo njengokugaywa kabusha, ukugqamisa kuleli qophelo iziqukathi ezigaywa kabusha, ku Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ezihlanganisayo kanye nezigaba zazo.
Iziqukathi Zokugaywa kabusha kanye Nezibi
Ukugaywa kabusha kuyisenzo esenziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe izinsiza ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokumosha izinto zazo, ukuze izinto ziphinde zisetshenziselwe izinjongo ezihlukene kanye nomthelela emvelweni unciphe. Ukugaywa kabusha kuhlanganisa inqubo lapho impahla eluhlaza yemikhiqizo ingatholwa ukuze isetshenziswe futhi kwenye inqubo.
Ngale ndlela, inani lemfucumfucu enobuthi elimaza iplanethi yomhlaba liyancishiswa, ngenxa yalokhu, izikhungo nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene zithathe izinyathelo zokuhlinzeka ngolwazi oludingekayo ukuze abantu bathole ngale nqubo kanye nokubaluleka njengabantu. sisebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuphinda zisetshenziswe. Kunezindlela eziningi ongaphinda usetshenziswe ngazo, unganikeza ukusetshenziswa okusha kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezitholakala endlini futhi ungasebenzisa neziqukathi zokugaywa kabusha, ezinomsebenzi wokugcina izinto ezithile ukuze zisetshenziswe kamuva, ngendlela leyo mpahla. kwento ethile iqoqwa ukuze kusetshenziswe izinsiza zayo.
Le ndlela yokugaywa kabusha kusetshenziswa iziqukathi yasungulwa emazweni amaningi ngokwesibopho, lapho iziqukathi ezimbalwa zalezi zigaywa kabusha zifakwa endaweni ethile, ezihlukaniswa ngokwezinto zomkhiqizo, ngale ndlela abantu kufanele babeke imali yabo kuphela. okudayiswayo ngokomthombo wayo, okusiza ukuphathwa kwalokhu kungcola.
Ngale ndlela, ukuqoqwa kwezinsalela ezivela emikhiqizweni engonakalisi kalula kuyagwenywa, kodwa kunalokho kunethuba lokunciphisa ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo enezinsalela ezinobuthi emvelweni; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kunikeza ukonga okukhulu kwamandla, okuzuzisa umkhakha wezomnotho nemvelo, njengoba izindleko ezengeziwe ezinkambisweni zomkhiqizo zigwenywa.
Futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi enobuthi, njengoba lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile ungqimba lwe-ozone, okwandisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nomphumela we-greenhouse. Njengomphakathi, kuyinselelo okufanele kubhekwane nayo nsuku zonke ngalezi zenzo ezilimazayo ezilimaza imvelo yeplanethi yomhlaba. Ngezifundo eziningi, kuye kwenzeka ukwazi isikhathi sokuwohloka kwezinto ezisetshenziselwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yansuku zonke, okokuqala kukhona ipulasitiki, ethatha iminyaka engaba ngu-700 ukubola, lo mthombo uthathwa njengenye yezinto ezingcolisa kakhulu emhlabeni. umhlaba. imvelo.
I-polyethylene iveza enye yezinkinga ezinkulu mayelana nokungcola, njengoba ingaboli, ngakho-ke ithinta ngokuqondile imvelo uma inethuba lokuchithwa kwayo, kungenxa yalolu lwazi olufunwa ukuthi lusetshenziswe noma luphinde lusetshenziswe eminye imisebenzi. ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwazo. Endabeni yengilazi, ibola cishe eminyakeni engama-500, naphezu kokuthi izinga lokuwohloka kwayo likhulu kunalawa ashiwo ngenhla, kusenesikhathi eside ukubola kwayo, yingakho ithinta imvelo ngendlela efanayo nepulasitiki. .
Ngenxa yalokhu, isiqukathi esigaywa kabusha siphinde sinikezwe ingilazi kuphela ukuze sisetshenziswe kabusha. Ngokufanayo, isikhathi sokubola kwe-aluminium sanqunywa, okuthatha iminyaka engaba ngu-80 ukuwohloka, lokhu kuyimpahla enezinga eliphezulu lokubola uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinsiza, kodwa lesi sikhathi sanele ukulimaza i-ecosystem futhi ibulale izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane ezishintsha ukuzinza kwemvelo. .
Ukuhlukaniswa
Ekusetshenzisweni kabusha, umthetho wama-R amathathu uyasetshenziswa, ohlanganisa Yehlisa, Sebenzisa Kabusha futhi Ugaywe kabusha, wasungulwa ngabakwaGreenpeace, okwamanje kuyifomula okufanele ilandelwe njengomuntu ukuze iplanethi igcinwe, sekusungulwe amapharamitha okumele alandelwe ukuze kube lula lesi senzo. Imfucuza ayinakugwenywa, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele ukunciphisa umthelela wayo endaweni ezungezile; ngokusetshenziswa kweziqukathi ezigaywa kabusha le nqubo yokonga iplanethi; Lezi ziqukathi ziqukethe u-R wokugcina womthetho wama-R amathathu, ohlanganisa ukugaywa kabusha, njengoba negama lawo libonisa.
Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nomthetho wama-R amathathu, lapho into yokuqala eyenziwayo ukuncishiswa komkhiqizo noma impahla yomkhiqizo, lapho lesi senzo singasakwazi ukuqhubeka, i-R yesibili idluliswa, okungukuthi ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwalokho okuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo komunye umsebenzi othile noma umsebenzi osizakala ngazo zonke izici zawo.
Okokugcina, i-R of recycling, ehlanganisa ukulahlwa kwemikhiqizo ezitsheni ezithile, ukuze izinkampani ezihlukahlukene, ngenqubo ye-physicochemical, zikwazi ukuthola impahla yazo eluhlaza futhi ziyisebenzisele ukudala okuthengiswayo okusha kanye nemikhiqizo emisha. lezi zinsiza ngaphandle isidingo sokungcolisa imvelo.
Iziqukathi ezigaywa kabusha zisetshenziswa lapho umkhiqizo ungasakwazi ukuncishiswa noma ungaphinde usetshenziswe, nokho kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuthengiswayo ezakhiwe ngezinto ezihlukene, ngenxa yalokhu isu lenziwe ngalezi ziqukathi, lapho ngezimpawu nemibala umkhiqizo uzokwenziwa. ibekwe kunganqunywa.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kunconywa ukuthi bonke abantu babe nolwazi ngemibala nezimpawu ezisetshenziswa ekugayweni kabusha kweziqukathi ukuze babe yingxenye yalolu sizo emhlabeni wonke. Kungakho izinhlobo zeziqukathi zikadoti ziboniswa ngezansi kanye nombala wazo ohlobene nokuthi iyiphi imfucuza ehambelana nenye ngayinye:
Isitsha esiphuzi
Uma iziqukathi ezigaywa kabusha ziphuzi, lokhu kumelela ukuthi imfucuza yepulasitiki kufanele ibekwe, equkethe iziqukathi zensimbi, amabriks kanye neziqukathi zepulasitiki ezihlukahlukene. Kubalulekile ukuthi lokhu kulahlwa kwenziwe kusengaphambili futhi imikhiqizo kufanele ingabi nalutho ngokuphelele futhi uma unesikhwama sepulasitiki, sisebenzise kabusha uma sisesimweni esihle.
Lapho nje isitsha sesigcwele, sidluliselwa endaweni ethile lapho inqubo yokugaywa kabusha iqala khona, ukuze kusetshenziswe izinto zayo ezingavuthiwe futhi ziyisebenzisele ukwenza umkhiqizo omusha.Isibonelo ukuthi amabrik ayisithupha angasetshenziswa ukwenza isicathulo. ibhokisi, ungenza futhi isondo lebhayisikili ngamathini angama-soda angama-80. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nokungabaza ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo yepulasitiki engangezwa kulesi sitsha, ngakho-ke kulula ukwazi imikhiqizo ethile ehambisana nalesi sitsha. Okokuqala une-briks, noma ngabe i-milk briks noma i-juice briks, kanye nama-milk shakes, ama-cream briks, ama-broth briks, phakathi kokunye.
Ngeziqukathi zepulasitiki, kubhekiselwa kunoma yiliphi ibhodlela elenziwe ngale nto efana nebhodlela lamanzi, isiphuzo esiphuzo, amafutha adliwayo, uviniga, ubisi, phakathi kwabanye. Kuhlanganisa futhi iziqukathi zemikhiqizo yobisi njengebhotela, izivalo zepulasitiki, amapuleti alahlwayo nezinkomishi zepulasitiki, amabhodlela, anezikhala, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza. Insimbi ingabuye ibekwe, kodwa amathini kuphela, amathini esiphuzo, amathreyi e-aluminium, izivalo zensimbi, ukugoqa kwe-aluminium, izikhwama zokudla zepulasitiki, phakathi kwabanye. Njengoba unenketho yokubeka yonke le mikhiqizo, uneminye engeke ilahlwe kulesi sitsha.
Lezi zinto ezingeke zilahlwe esitsheni sokugaywa kabusha esiphuzi azikwazi ukufakwa ku-CD-ROM, noma izixube, uhlobo oluthile lwezicathulo alukwazi ukufakwa esitsheni, ngokufanayo namathoyizi awafakwa kulesi sitsha noma izingubo. ingilazi, amakhadibhodi, amanabukeni, enye indlela yokuyichaza, noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ongewona isitsha awuhambisani nalesi sitsha.
Isiqukathi esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Kulokhu, iziqukathi zokubuyisela kabusha eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zinemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yamakhadibhodi kanye nephepha, okwenza kube esinye sezitsha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Enye yezinzuzo zokugaywa kabusha le mikhiqizo ukuthi amandla angonga futhi izihlahla, amanzi namafutha nakho kungalondolozwa.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kulula ukwazi ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphonsa lesi sitsha esenziwe ngephepha namakhadibhodi, phakathi kwabo unamaqabunga, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi angenayo into yensimbi efana nokuyisisekelo, iziqeshana, i-spirals, phakathi kwabanye.. Iziqukathi zekhadibhodi nazo zingangeniswa kulesi sitsha, uma kwenzeka kunempahla yepulasitiki, kufanele ihlukaniswe ukuze ilahle kuphela ikhadibhodi.
Izinsalela zokuthena azikwazi ukufakwa kulesi sitsha, namanabukeni angcolile noma anezinsalela eziphilayo. Amathoyizi, ucwecwe lwe-aluminium, ama-briks azikwazi ukwethulwa njengoba lezi zifakwa ezitsheni eziphuzi, ngendlela efanayo namanabukeni, amathawula amanzi angeke abekwe.
Isitsha esiluhlaza
Imikhiqizo yengilazi kumele ifakwe ezitsheni eziluhlaza.Inzuzo yale nsiza ukuthi uma idlula ohlelweni lokugaywa kabusha, izakhiwo zayo azilahleki, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa inzuzo ngayinye umkhiqizo onayo ekuchazeni. into entsha. Inqubo yokugaywa kabusha ihlanganisa ukuchoboza ingilazi ukuze iyihlukanise kunoma yikuphi ukungcola enakho, bese idluliselwa efekthri yeziqukathi ukuze kuqalwe umkhiqizo omusha. Esitsheni esiluhlaza ungalahla amabhodlela ama-colognes, iziqukathi zezingilazi zezimonyo, ukugcinwa, amabhodlela engilazi.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona nemikhiqizo engahambisani nalesi sitsha, njengama-light bulbs, ezinye izinsalela zezitsha, amashubhu e-fluorescent, i-porcelain, izivalo, amakhokho, ingilazi ephukile, izibuko, izinkomishi zengilazi, izivalo zensimbi, umkhiqizo othile we-ceramic, phakathi kwabanye. .
Isitsha esingokwemvelo
Ngokuvamile, isitsha semvelo sinombala osawolintshi noma onsundu lapho kubekwa khona noma iyiphi imfucuza nensalela enezitshalo noma zezilwane. Ngoba yini elihambisana zonke ezinye izithelo, ukudla, amathambo, amaqabunga, izimpande, izimbali, amagobolondo, infusions, inyama noma iyiphi insalela ukuthi biodegradable.
Kodwa-ke, izinqe, umlotha kagwayi, uthuli, amabhandeshi, ukotini, ama-earplugs, ama-napkins, amathawula amanzi, ama-dental floss, ama-diaper, udoti wezilwane, phakathi kokunye, azikwazi ukufakwa kulesi sitsha. Kubalulekile ukuthi ugweme iphutha lokubeka le mfucuza kulesi sitsha, ngoba kufanele ibe nezici ezibolayo.
isitsha esimpunga
Isiqukathi esimpunga sisetshenziselwa ukubeka imfucuza noma imfucuza engahambisani nanoma yiziphi iziqukathi ezichazwe ngaphambilini, ngenxa yalokhu singesinye esisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulahla noma iyiphi imfucuza ngokuvamile, ngakho imikhiqizo ebingavunyelwe ilahlwa phakathi. iziqukathi, eziluhlaza, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eziphuzi nezinsundu. Imfucuza engeyona isitsha ifakwa kulesi sitsha, kanye namanabukeni, amathoyizi, amapani, izitsha, amakristalu, phakathi kokunye. Imikhiqizo engeke ibekwe kulesi siqukathi yileyo esesivele yabelwa isiqukathi esithile ngokombala wayo, ngale ndlela kugcinwa inhlangano ekuhlukaniseni imfucuza.
isitsha esikhethekile
Okokugcina, kunesitsha esikhethekile esihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu, esokuqala sinesitsha sezingubo nezicathulo lapho kufanele kubekwe khona okokugqoka ukuze kuphinde kusetshenziswe abanye abantu. Isigaba sesibili siqukethe isitsha sebhethri esinesibopho sokugcina amabhethri amancane namakhulu. Kuhlanganisa nesigaba sesitsha semithi, lapho kufakwa khona idiphozi yemikhiqizo nemithi ephelelwe yisikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Isitsha esibomvu singabekwa esibonisa ukuthi ziyimfucuza eyingozi, kufaka phakathi ama-aerosol, ama-insecticides, amabhethri, phakathi kokunye.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile: