Namuhla kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi nge-Organic and Inorganic Garbage, yiziphi izici abazethulayo ukuze bazihlukanise, ngendlela yokuthi izinqubo abangadlula kuzo ukuze zicutshungulwe zaziwa, ngakho-ke, esihlokweni esilandelayo. sizokwazi okwengeziwe ngayo.
Udoti Wezinto Eziphilayo kanye Nezinto Ezingaphili
Sinquma udoti njengezinto zokwakha, izakhi noma imikhiqizo engasalusizo kithi ekuhloleni impilo futhi sekuyisikhathi sokulahlwa, ukulahlwa ezimbizeni noma ezitsheni ezithile zalokhu kungcola. Njengabantu singakwazi ukukhiqiza lodoti ngenqubo yansuku zonke emisebenzini yokulungisa ukudla, ukusebenza, ukufunda.
Udoti uthathwa njengento yonke engeke iphinde isetshenziswe, ngakho-ke, lezi ziyalahlwa ngoba azisabonisi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesizathu sokuhlala nazo, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi lezi zingatholakala ngezigaba ezahlukene, noma ngabe ziqinile, igesi noma uketshezi, ingahluka kuye ngokuthi iyini, kodwa njengoba ingasasetshenziswa iba udoti olahlwa ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile ukugqamisa indlela udoti ongavezwa ngayo, endabeni yalokho okunikezwa ngemvelaphi yezilwane noma imifino kubizwa ngokuthi i-organic, ngakolunye uhlangothi i-inorganic, kube yilezo ezakhiwe ngezinto ezithile, lesi sizathu zithathwa njengezinsalela ezingaphezulu.
Udoti ukhiqizwa noma yikuphi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusekhaya, endaweni yokusebenza, ezikhungweni, ezinkampanini nokunye, udoti ukhiqizwa njalo ngoba kunezinto eziningi ezisetshenziswa nsuku zonke futhi kuhlale kunezinsalela, okusalayo, okuba udoti kanye nalezo. engeke isetshenziswe, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuhlukanisa izinhlobo zemfucumfucu evumela ukuthuthukisa isimo semvelo.
Ukugaywa kabusha kuvumela lezi zibi ukuthi ziphinde zisetshenziswe ngezinye izindlela, ngoba zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izakhi ezithile ezivame ukusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa izingubo, iziqukathi, amabhethri, iphepha nokunye, nokho, imfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-inorganic yehlukile ngakho-ke ukugaywa kwayo nakho, okuyizinto ezisetshenziswayo. iphuzu okufanele licatshangelwe.
Endabeni yemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo, zivuselelwa kabusha ukuze zikhiqize izakhi ezithanda umhlaba, njengoba zizosetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isimo sawo, kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokusebenzisa imfucuza yemvelo, esimweni semfucuza ye-inorganic, inqubo yayo ngokuvamile isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngakho izinhlangano ezithile zibophezelekile ekwenzeni ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa imishini edingekayo.
Njengoba kubonakala, imfucuza ingavezwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto noma izinhlanganisela, ngendlela yokuthi zingakwazi ukwethula ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-inorganic, lapho zikhombisa khona umehluko wabo kanye nokusetshenziswa okunganikezwa ngamunye wabo. , ukuze lokhu kusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, kubalulekile ukuzazi ngokuningiliziwe.Amanye amaphuzu avamile agqanyisiwe, ngakho amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu azogqanyiswa ngezansi.
Udoti wezinto eziphilayo
Imfucuza enikezwa izidalwa eziphilayo ibhekwa njenge-organic, okusho ukuthi lokho okuvela emifino, izilwane, abanye, ngamunye wabo wethula inqubo yokubola yemvelo ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, kuvame ukushesha kakhulu futhi iqala ukubonisa ukuthungwa okuthile okufanele kakhulu. nokuhogela, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukubona lapho lolu hlobo lwezinsalela lungasebenzi.
Izici
Amaphuzu afaneleka kakhulu alethwa udoti wezinto eziphilayo ukubola kwawo ngokushesha lapho izinto eziphilayo eziphilayo zithanda le nqubo, kungomunye wemehluko obaluleke kakhulu maqondana nemfucuza yezinto ezingaphili, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokhu zithathwa njengemfucuza enethuba elikhulu asetshenziselwa ukuphinda asetshenziswe, okuyinto enhle ngoba kunciphisa kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Okusho ukuthi, le mikhiqizo ngesinye isikhathi yayiwumuntu ophilayo, isibonelo ukudla, okwakuzosetshenziswa kamuva ukondla isintu. Lolu hlobo lwemfucuza luyadunyiswa ekuboleni kwalo futhi ngenxa yalokho kutholakala umanyolo wemvelo wemvelo wezitshalo nomhlaba.
Izibonelo
Kunezibonelo eziningi zemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo, okuzosivumela ukuba siziqonde kalula futhi sihlobanise isici ngasinye nezici ezibalulekile ezishiwo ngenhla, ngoba uma ungenalo ulwazi olucacile ngale ndaba, kungaba yinkimbinkimbi ukuhlukanisa. udoti, izinto eziphilayo nezingaphili.
Uma kukhulunywa ngemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo, kuvezwa izibonelo zephepha, amakhadibhodi, amaqabunga ahlukahlukene, izingcezu zezithelo, inyama, izipikili, amanani amathe, amathambo, uboya nokunye okuningi, njengoba kungabonakala kunenani eliphakeme lezibonelo ezingaba khona. okuthiwa .
Udoti wezinto ezingaphili
Udoti wezinto ezingaphili yilowo mfucumfucu onikezwa izakhi noma izinto ezidalwe ngumuntu, okusho ukuthi azihlobene nebhayoloji, nokho, lezi zingaveza inqubo yokubola kepha ngokuvamile ihamba kancane kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nemfucuza yemvelo. . Lezi zinsalela ziyangenelela emvelweni ngoba ukubola kwazo akusheshi futhi ziqala ukunqwabelana lapho kungabonwa khona ukungcola komhlabathi, okubukwayo, umhlaba, amanzi lapho enqwabelene emabhodleleni.
Aziveli ezidalwa eziphilayo, kuphela ezitholakala endaweni yezimboni noma njengomphumela wenqubo ethile engeyona eyemvelo. Ngendlela efanayo, imfucuza enempilo materials
Izici
Lolu hlobo lwemfucuza ngokuvamile alucutshungulwa ukuze luphinde lusetshenziswe, ngakho-ke umsebenzi wokugaywa kabusha owenziwayo uvame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, udinga ukubamba iqhaza kwezinye izakhi nolwazi ngakho, ngakho akulula kangako. imfucuza, njengoba ukubola kuhamba kancane, bahlala emhlabeni isikhathi eside njengodoti, oyingozi kakhulu emvelweni. Awonakaliswa yisizathu sokubambezela ukubola kwawo ngenxa yalesi sizathu angabangela umonakalo ongalungiseki.
Abantu bakhombisa ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwemfucuza ye-inorganic, lokhu kungavezwa mathupha, kepha ngokuvamile okugqamayo yizinhlangano noma izinhlangano ezisathuthuka, ngoba zidinga njalo ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo, izinto zokwakha, zikhiqize lolu hlobo lokungcoliswa okukhulu. ukuhambisana, kuyadingeka ukuqala amasu avumela ukunciphisa lezi zici ezingezinhle.
Izibonelo
Ngokusho kolwazi oluchazwe ngenhla, kugcizelelwa ukuthi imfucuza ye-inorganic ivela ezintweni ezidalwe ngabantu, umehluko ovelele kakhulu mayelana nemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo, noma kunjalo, kungaba nzima ukuba nolwazi lwalokho. lezi zinto zingaba ngenxa yokuthi kuqokonyiswe ngendlela evamile, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ezinye izibonelo zizogqanyiswa ezivumela ukuqonda okusheshayo.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona iziqukathi, iziqukathi, amabhodlela, izimbiza ezingaba zezinto ezihlukahlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingilazi, ipulasitiki noma ezinye, futhi zimboza amadivaysi e-electronic ahlukene asetshenziswa njalo, amabhethri ezinhlobo ezahlukene, izinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nama-CD, i-gauze , i-aluminium, ingcebo, amathuluzi okwakha, abadlali, irabha, amathini esiphuzo, izinto, nokunye okuningi. Lahla izinto ezinjengokotini, ibhandeshi, i-gauze, inaliti, phakathi kwezikhathi eziningi.
Udoti Oyingozi
Lolu hlobo lwemfucuza yilolo olungakwazi ukugaywa kabusha, oluhlukaniswa njengoluyingozi ngoba lunezici ezithile ezibonisa ubungozi empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo. Ukuba lezi zakhiwo yini ekhiqiza iziqu eziyingozi. Lezi zinhlanganisela zikhonjwa njengezinokuvutha, ezinobuthi, ezinomdlavuza, ezithathelwanayo, ezinobuthi be-eco, phakathi kokunye.
Izici
Ngokomthetho waseSpain, zibhekwa njengemfucuza nenhlabathi engcolile, ezigunyazwe futhi zanyatheliswa yiNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene ukuze zaziwe emhlabeni wonke; izici zemfucuza eyingozi ngoba zithinta abantu ngokuqondile futhi zinemiphumela emvelweni.
Lezi zibi zithathwa njengeziqhumane, ngoba zingaqhuma ngaphansi komphumela welangabi noma zizwela kakhulu lapho kungqubuzana khona noma ukushwibeka kune-dinitrobenzene. Kulawo aziwa ngokuthi ama-oxidants, asetshenziswa ku-compendia nezinqubo ezibonisa ukusabela okushisayo lapho kungena ngokuhlobene nezinye i-compendia, ikakhulukazi izinto ezivuthayo.
Ziyakwazi ukuvutha kakhulu kuma-compendiums namalungiselelo oketshezi anebanga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-21ºC. Izinto ezingavuvuka bese zivutha lapho zithintana nomoya ekamelweni lokushisa ngaphandle kwesidingo samandla.
Zibhekwa njengezinto ezicasulayo, zonke izinto ezingezona ezonakalisayo kanye nezinhlelo ezilawula ukubangela ukukhala kwezinyembezi ngokuthintana ngokushesha, okude noma kwansuku zonke kwesikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuyingozi futhi kuthinta ngokuhogela, ukusetshenziswa noma ukungena kwe-epidermal, kunethonya elikhulu empilweni yabantu. Inobuthi, ngenxa yezingxenye enazo, ezimele ingozi engathi sína, ebukhali noma engapheli engaholela ekufeni.
Kukholakala ukuthi ziyizinto ze-carcinogenic, lolu hlobo lwezinto lapho ludliwe ngokungenisa, lusetshenziselwa izindawo zesikhumba, ezibangela umdlavuza noma ukwandisa imvamisa yayo. Kubuye kubhekwe njengokugqwala, uma kwenzeka kube yizinto ezingonakalisa izicubu eziphilayo uma uthintana nazo. Kubhekwa njengokuthathelwanayo, uma kusetshenziselwa izinto ezethula ama-microorganisms asebenzayo angushevu, adala ububi kubantu noma ezintweni eziphilayo.
Izinto ezingase zihogelwe, zidliwe noma ngokungena kwe-epidermal zinobuthi ekuzalweni kabusha, okubangela ukukhubazeka okungekona okofuzo. Zingaba nomthelela omkhulu we-mugenic, ngisho nalezo zinto ezidliwayo noma ezihogelwayo, okubangela ukulimala kofuzo. Ziyizinsalela eziveza amagesi anobuthi noma anobuthi kakhulu lapho zingena kanye nomoya, amanzi noma i-asidi.
Izibonelo
Ibhekisela emikhiqizweni ebhekwa njengeyingozi neyingozi endaweni nempilo yabantu, izibonelo zemfucumfucu eyingozi zihlanganisa imisila yezimayini, amasampula asemoyeni aphuma koshimula, ukuchitheka kwezimboni eziteshini ezincane kanye nezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ezisatholakala ezithelweni. , kanye nopende. , izifutho, izincibilikisi, nokunye.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezibi Eziphilayo kanye Nezinto Ezingaphili
Udoti wudaba okumele kubhekwane nalo futhi kushintshwe ukuze kuguqulwe umhlaba ngendlela eyakhayo futhi kutholwe umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Ngalokhu, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuhlukanisa nokuhlukanisa uhlobo ngalunye lwemfucuza: kokubili okuphilayo kanye ne-inorganic. Ngakho-ke, udoti unendlela yokubhekana futhi akufanele wenze ngokwesaba noma isihawu.
Udoti ungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili zemibala ye-seo kanye neziqukathi ezihlala ndawonye. Lezi zitsha zikadoti ziyizitsha ezisetshenziselwa ukuqoqa udoti ngokuvamile owenziwe ngensimbi noma ngepulasitiki. Eziningi zalezi zigqoko zemfucumfucu zinesembozo sekhava esiphezulu sokulawula iphunga kanti amanye ala mabhakede anezinsika ezivula isivalo uma zinyathelwa; Ngokufanayo, engxenyeni engezansi yalezi zitsha zokulahla udoti, ngokuvamile zifakwa nesikhwama sepulasitiki ukuze kugcinwe udoti.
Ngalezi ziqukathi ezigaywa kabusha, into elungile ukuzibeka ngezici lapho zihambisana khona ekuhlukaniseni ngemibala ehlukene yokugaywa kabusha. Le mibala ibonakala njengohlaza kudoti wezinto eziphilayo, namanye amathunzi e-aluminium, ipulasitiki nezinye izinto ezingezona ezebhayoloji. Ukuze uthuthuke ekuhlukaniseni, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqale ngokuhlukanisa i-organic kusuka ku-inorganic, futhi ulandele imibala noma ama-shades awo, ukuze ubeke imigqomo yesitsha bese ushiya udoti noma imfucuza ngaphakathi kwawo. Zingahlelwa kokubili emphakathini nasezindlini zomuntu ngamunye.
Lapho imfucumfucu yenyama, izithelo, amagatsha, amaqabunga, amaqanda, amagobolondo ibonakala lapho ifakwa esitsheni sokulahla, kufanele ifakwe ebhakedeni eliluhlaza. Uma imfucuza iyipulasitiki, ama-dvd, ingilazi, izingubo zokwenziwa, ama-cd, nezinye izinto ezingezona ezemvelo kodwa ezichazwe kabanzi, kufanele zifakwe emigqonyeni yokugaywa kabusha empunga noma ebomvu, lo mbala uzoncika endleleni obhalwe ngayo.
Kwamanye amazwe ezwekazi laseYurophu naseMelika ahlukaniswa ngemibala elandelayo:
- Isitsha esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: izinto ezilahlwayo zamaphepha kanye namakhadibhodi (amabhokisi amakhekhe, izicathulo, izinkomishi zamaqanda zekhadibhodi, amaphephandaba, ama-compendiums, omagazini nezikhwama zamaphepha)
- Isitsha esiphuzi: okokufaka imfucuza yepulasitiki neyensimbi. (amabhodlela epulasitiki, ojosaka bepulasitiki, amabhodlela epulasitiki, njengalawo obisi olubilile, imajarini, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, phakathi kokunye.), amathini anephunga elimnandi namakani okukhipha amanzi emzimbeni, ama-tetrabricks, amathreyi e-polystyrene, amashidi e-aluminium, ifilimu yokudla)
- Isitsha esiluhlaza: noma yini ehlobene nezinsalela zengilazi (ingilazi, izindwangu, ukhuni, isikhumba, ukupakishwa okuyinhlanganisela, izinsimbi (amathini nokunye okunjalo)
- Isiqukathi esinsundu: semfucuza yemvelo (izinsalela zenyama eyisitshulu, inhlanzi nezimbaza, i-pasta nokusanhlamvu, amagobolondo amaqanda, ikhofi netiye, izikhwama zetiye, isinkwa, izinti, amakhambi nezitshalo, ama-napkins)
- Isitsha esimpunga/ esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: yonke into ehlobene nodoti oxubile
Le migqomo yemfucuza ithululwa nsuku zonke ezimotweni zokuthutha ngomsebenzi wazo ezimbonini zokuhlukanisa imfucuza noma izinkampani ezihlanza imfucuza yasemadolobheni. Imfucuza yasezimbonini iyaqoqwa futhi icutshungulwe yizinkampani ezilahla imfucuza ezandisa imfucuza eziyiqoqayo futhi zilahle enye. Kuwo wonke udoti, njengemfucumfucu, izinsalela eziyingozi, phakathi kokunye, amadolobha amakhulu anendawo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu esobala lapho le mfucumfucu yamukelwa mahhala.
Ukubaluleka Kokuhlukanisa
Ukuhlukaniswa kukadoti kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kuzosetshenziselwa inhloso ethile, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi lezi ziwusizo ngempela kuwo, njengoba kwenzeka kudoti wemvelo lapho usetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa komquba noma ezinye izici sivuna umhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi awunazo izinsalela ze-inorganic ngoba lezi azisebenzi ngendlela efanayo, ngakho-ke ngeke ufeze umgomo.
Njengoba kufiswa ukuhlinzeka ngosizo emisebenzini yezolimo, wonke umonakalo emhlabeni kufanele ugwenywe futhi ngenxa yalokhu kuhlukaniswa kuyadingeka, ngendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezo ezifanele zisetshenziswa, lokhu kuzonikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezifana nokukwazi. ukwandisa impilo yezidalwa eziphilayo, ukuqeda ukulimala kwezinto eziphilayo, ukusebenzisa yonke imfucuza engenzeka, ukunciphisa kakhulu izindleko nokunye.
Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lwezici, ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucumfucu kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele, emazweni amaningi lolu hlobo lomsebenzi luyenziwa futhi kuqokonyiswe imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kulindeleke ukuthi labo abangawujwayeli bakwenze lokho. futhi kubhekwa izinga lomhlaba wonke ngosizo oluqondile lweplanethi yomhlaba.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile: