Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iGalapagos ithuthukisa izinhlobo ezikhangayo futhi iwumthombo ongenamkhawulo wesambulo sezidalwa eziphilayo ezintsha, ngakho inani izilwane ze-galapagos okungavami ukuthi kuvalwe ngoba eminye ihlezi ikhiqizwa.
Umlando omfushane weziqhingi nezilwane zaseGalapagos
Iziqhingi zaseGalapagos ziyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezihlukile emhlabeni. Atholwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngonyaka we-1535 nguFray Tomás de Berlanga futhi isikhathi eside ayeyindawo yesiphephelo nomusa wama-corsairs, abadwebi bemikhomo kanye nezazi zemvelo.
Empeleni, isikhathi eside zaziwa ngokuthi iziqhingi ezikhangayo. Ngo-1832, iziQhingi zaseGalapagos zengezwa esizindeni sase-Ecuadorian kwathi ngo-1835 uCharles Darwin wavakashela leli qoqo leziqhingi, uhambo olwalubalulekile ophenyweni lwakhe lokuziphendukela kwemvelo nokuzimisela okufanayo.
Lapho uDarwin esakaza umsuka ohlukile wezinhlobonhlobo ngonyaka ka-1856, esungula lesi siqhingi esihle njengomphakathi womhlaba wonke wesayensi, lapho abantu baqala ukucabangela ukuthi kungakanani okuhlukahlukene okwabonwa kuleso siqhingi esihle.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-100 ngemuva komcimbi, kusukela ngonyaka we-1960, leli qembu laqala ukwandisa ukubhaliswa kwabantu, namuhla okubandakanya ngaphezu kwe-3% yesizinda sesiqhingi.
Ukukhuluma iqiniso, i-ejensi yezokuvakasha iyona ehamba phambili yezezimali eziqhingini ezihlala abantu. Ngonyaka owodwa, isiqhingi esithakazelisayo saseGalapágos singathola ukuvakashelwa okungaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-270. Nokho, ukugeleza kwabavakashile kulawulwa njengoba kuyiNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba.
Badonsela ukunakwa okukhulu ngobuhle babo obuhlukaniswa nenani elikhulu lezilwane ezingabonakala emngceleni, linamagagasi amangalisayo, okuyiwona anikeza intuthuko enhle ezilwaneni ezifanelwe ukuqinisekiswa.
Indalo enhle kakhulu- izilwane zaseGalapagos
Iziqhingi zaseGalapagos ezinhle, ziyizindawo ezihlala emanzini asogwini olukhulu lwePacific Ocean, eduze ne-Ecuador, zaziwa nguCharles Darwin, ngoba kwakukule ndawo lapho aqala khona ukwakha imibono yakhe engavamile.
Izilwane ezihlala lapho zivamile, okusho ukuthi azitholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. I izimfudu ze-galapagos Izintaka zikaGoliyati noDarwin ziyingxenye yezinhlobo ze izilwane ze-galapagos ezingahlukaniswa kulesi sifunda. Ungathanda ukuhlangana nezidalwa zase-Galapagos Islands? Ngaleso sikhathi, qhubeka ufunda!
Zingaki izinhlobo zezilwane ezikhona e-Galapagos?
EziQhingini kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-63 zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo zezilwane ngokohlu oludumile lwezilwane oludalwe yinhlangano egqame kakhulu uCharles Darwin. Umbuzo ojwayelekile phakathi kwenethiwekhi yabathandi bemvelo ukuthi zingaki izizukulwane ezikhona eGalapagos?
Isifinyezo esilula sihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo, imihlume, ulele, amakhorali kuya ezilwaneni eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezingu-16 eziyingqayizivele zezimfudu ezinkulu ezibonwa emhlabeni.
Izibonelo zezilwane eziyinhloko zaseGalapagos
Noma kunezinhlobo ezingama-63 zegenera e-Galapagos National Park, lapho isifinyezo sezinhlobonhlobo sicwaningwa, esigabeni ngasinye irekhodi lihlanganisa ama-specimens angaphezu kuka-8,900 ezinhlobo ezehlukene eziye zagcwala eGalapagos isikhathi eside.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isukela ezimpethuni nasemizimbeni emincane kuya kuxamu opinki odumile otholakala ezikhathini zamuva nje. Izinhlobo eziphelele kakhulu zezidalwa eGalapagos yilezi:
izimfudu zomhlaba ezinkulu
Eziqhingini zaseGalapagos kunezinhlobo eziningana zezimfudu ezinkulu, phakathi kwazo ufudu lweGoliath fernandina- Chelonoidis phantasticus noma i-Chelonoidis nigra. Imvelo yalolu hlobo iyindawo enentaba-mlilo yase-Fernandina Island, yingakho ibhekwa njengesengozini futhi engase ibhujiswe.
Kusukela ngo-1906, lapho ihlelwa, akukabonakali okuningi kwalolu hlobo lwezilwane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingaqinisekiswa. NgoFebhuwari 2019, kuhlotshaniswa ukuthi enye yalezi zimfudu yatholwa yinhlangano ephethe ukuvikelwa nokuhlala kwalezi zilwane eziqhingini.
Izimfudu zezilwane zaseGalapagos zanikeza iziqhingi udumo nokuhlukaniswa kwazo. Ezimpandeni zayo, i-galápago imelela ufudu. Kodwa lokhu kungenye yezithakazelo zakhe eziningi, ngenxa yokuthi kulezi zidalwa yonke into ihlukile.
Lezi zimfudu zinkulu kangangokuthi zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-400, ubude bufinyelela kumamitha amabili, zinesikhathi sokuphila iminyaka engu-150 zidla izitshalo kuphela, njengoba ziyizilwane ezidla uhlaza. Abakwenzayo nje ukukhuphuka izintaba zalezi ziqhingi befuna ukudla, kuye ngezikhathi zonyaka. Lapho bengadli, bayaphumula.
Ufudu olukhulu lweGalapagos lungakwazi ukuchitha unyaka ngaphandle kokunambitha ngisho namanzi noma lungadli, lumelana namafutha alo kuphela. Kungakho bengabanqobi abamangalisayo beGalapagos ekhona kusukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-5 neziyi-10.
Nokho, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje baye baphazanyiswa ukwanda kwenani labantu eziqhingini. Ngokuhlala emadolobheni, izidalwa ezingezona ezemvelo zavela, isibonelo, izimbuzi noma izingulube, ezidla izitshalo lapho ama-turtles adla khona, ezibeka engozini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungena kwamabhizinisi ezolimo asebenza njengokudla komuntu ngamunye, indawo yamadlelo iye yaqedwa. Kepha zisekhona, zingenye yezindawo zokuvakasha ezibalulekile ezisekela ukuthambekela kwezezimali e-Galapagos. Zingatholakala eziqhingini ezingu-10 kwezingu-13 ezisethiwe.
I-Marine Iguanas- Amblyrhynchus cristatus
Phakathi kwezidalwa zasolwandle eziqhingini ezimangalisayo zaseGalapagos kukhona uxamu wasolwandle onelukuluku, esinye sezilwane ezingahlala ngokuthula eduze namanzi anosawoti. Kujwayelekile kulesi sizinda futhi okuwukuphela kwesampula yaso.
Nakuba ihlala kakhulu ogwini, itholakala nasezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi. Lo iguana uzuza olwelweni oluluhlaza futhi bukhulu kakhulu, njengoba abesilisa bekwazi ukufinyelela kumakhilogremu angu-15. Njengezinye izinhlobo zikaxam, achitha amandla awo amaningi egcagca elangeni.
Isesimweni esingenamandla njengoba kuboniswe yi-IUCN, ngakho-ke kufanele ivikelwe. I-Galapagos marine iguanas ingenye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezilwane ezihuquzelayo endaweni yonke ezingena olwandle ukuze zihlomule ezitshalweni zasemanzini, lokhu kuwumehluko obalulekile ngoxamu basemhlabeni.
Kubhekwa njengenhlobonhlobo eqaphile njengoba bengakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele ezimweni zezulu futhi noma yikuphi ukulungiswa kwabantu babo kuxwayisa abacwaningi ukuthi kukhona okungalungile.
Yingakho benziwa buthaka kakhulu ngenxa yokushintsha kwemvelo, izenzakalo zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu njengo-El Niño, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo noma umonakalo obangelwa ukuchitheka okunobuthi njengalokho okubangelwa uwoyela.
Naphezu kobuso bawo obungathandeki ngokwezinga elithile, oxam base-Galapagos marine bayizilwane ezidla uhlaza, ezizuza ezitshalweni zasemanzini ezizithola olwandle lapho zigxuma ukuze zidle. Ngaleso sikhathi, zilala phezu kwamatshe ukuze zifudumale elangeni futhi zikhiphe usawoti onqwabelana ezithweni zazo.
ipensela ye-hedgehog
Lesi silwane singesinye sezaziwa kakhulu eziqhingini zaseGalapagos. Idla utshani, izuza ezitshalweni namakhorali. Phakathi kwamakhakhasi ayo ungafihla izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20, isibonelo, ama-bryozoans, izipontshi, ama-molluscs, izikelemu nezimbaza.
Lokhu kwenza kube uhlobo lokusungulwa, okungukuthi, okunikeza indawo yokukhosela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene, kudala inethiwekhi yezinga elincane kungekho omunye. Ungacabanga ngama-hedgehog angamapensela njengezakhiwo ezinkulu ezihambayo ezihlala ezinye izidalwa ezincane phakathi kwemisipha yazo.
Zitholakala kuzo zonke iziqhingi zaseGalapagos, iCocos Island enhle kanye neClipperton Atoll okuyinganekwane yangempela. Kuya kuba yisisekelo kakhulu ukuzithola ngemva kwamamitha angu-5 nokufika ku-30 m ukushona olwandle.
Ikhukhamba elwandle
Ingelinye lamaqembu ezilwane zaseGalapagos ezisengozini yokunyamalala, ngenxa yokudoba okungalindelekile. Nakuba kungavamile ukucelwa kubahlinzeki base-Asia, ukudoba kwayo kuvalwe isikhathi esinzima ukuze kuzanywe ukubuyisela inani labantu bayo.
I-ocean cucumber iyi-bioindicator yezilwane yenhlalakahle yesistimu yezinto eziphilayo, njengoba ixosha futhi ifake umoya-mpilo olwandle ngenxa yomkhawulo wayo wokukhuhla. Ivamise ukutholakala ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-40 ngaphansi kwamaholoholo futhi iphawuleka ngombala wayo oluhlaza okotshani onama-papillae aphuzi.
Whale shark
Ithathwa njengenhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ingakala ama-20m futhi inesisindo samathani angama-42. Izwana kakhulu nabatshuzi, njengoba iyisidalwa esizolile, izuza ezilwaneni ezincane, ayidli abantu.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinikezwa ama-ejensi ezokuvakasha njengengxenye yobuhle bemvelo obunikezwa yiziqhingi, zibonakala kakhulu ezinkathini zonyaka ezihamba kusukela ezinyangeni zikaJulayi kuya kuDisemba njengombono omuhle wokubonga nokuncoma.
Enye indawo emhlabeni ongatshuza kuyo ngalezi zilwane i-Baja California, eMexico. 'Iwushaka wesiteshi', okusho ukuthi igwinya amanzi kanye nomsele wayo wezinyosi noma yini evelele ngaphezu kwamamilimitha amabili, ngakho izuza ezitshalweni zasolwandle, izinhlanzi ezincane, i-kryll nama-crustaceans.
I-tiger shark
Uwuhlobo lwe izilwane ze-galapagos engozini ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani labantu bayo ngenxa yokwanda kokudoba. Kuyisilwane esishushiswa ngenxa yenyama yaso, imisipha yaso, uwoyela waso okhishwa esibindini kanye namaphiko aso awusizo kakhulu ekwenzeni amashanki anothe kakhulu futhi anomsoco.
Umbuso wokudla we-tiger shark ushintshiwe futhi uhlanganisa nezilwane ezincelisayo, akuyona inkampani enhle yokutshuza. Yinhlanzi engahlungi, lokhu kusho ukuthi isilwane esizingelayo esitholakala ekhanda lochungechunge lokudla olumangalisayo. Idla, ikakhulukazi i-shellfish, izilwane ezinamaphiko nezimfudu zasolwandle.
Ushaka we-Hammerhead
Lesi ngesinye sezilwane eziphawuleka kakhulu endaweni yokulondoloza imikhumbi yaseGalapagos Islands futhi sisengozini yokunyamalala. Ikhanda lakhe libonisa ukwakheka kwe-atypical, amehlo akhe ezinhlangothini ze-T ebanzi, ekhombisa amakhala akhe aqhelelene kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, unamandla okuthuthukisa amakhono akhe okuzwela.
Iqiniso liyatshelwa, oshaka be-hammerhead banemizwa eyisikhombisa. Umqondo wesikhombisa uzivumela ukuba zibone amagagasi nezizinda zikagesi ezikhiqizwa izinhlanzi, lokhu kuzinikeza umkhawulo ongavamile wokuzulazula njengesilwane esizingelayo. Oshaka be-Hammerhead bavame ukubhukuda ndawonye njengemindeni engamakhulu, ikakhulukazi emanzini afudumele, isibonelo ngaphandle kwase-Darwin nase-Wolf Islands e-Galapagos Islands.
Izinzwa zabo zokuhogela zithuthuke kakhulu, yingakho kufanele uqaphe kakhulu ngoba ziyakwazi ukuhogela igazi elikude futhi ngenxa yalokho ziyingozi kubantu uma kunezidalwa ezilimele noma abantu abaseduze kwazo. Umbuzo ophakamayo, iluphi usuku oluhle ukubona oshaka be-hammerhead eGalapagos? Isikhathi esifanelekile siphakathi kwezinyanga ezisuka kuJulayi kuya kuFebhuwari.
giant oceanic manta
Ziyizilwane ezinkulu ezibhukuda ngokuqinile, zikhanga kakhulu futhi ziphelele ukuhambisana phakathi kwe-diving, zithanda amanzi ashisayo. Ziyizilwane ezingaphila iminyaka engaba ngu-50 nangaphezulu uma zingabulawanga abantu ngabanye noma imikhomo ebulalayo noma izisulu zamahlosi oshaka.
Ngokwengxenye enkulu, behla beyofuna ukudla endaweni ye-mesopelagic yolwandle ephakathi kuka-200 no-1000 m ukujula, okubonisa ukuthi ekujuleni okukhulu kunezimpilo eziningi kanye nogu. Lokhu kuphephile endaweni ezungezile. Angabonakala kuzo zonke izindawo zeziQhingi zaseGalapagos, kodwa izinga lawo liya ngokuqhubekayo lizinzile libheke eningizimu nasempumalanga ye-Isabela Island.
Ufudu oluluhlaza
Kuyamangaza ukuthi lezi zimfudu zasolwandle zaseGalapagos zibalulekile kanjani ohlelweni lwebhayoloji yeqoqo leziqhingi, ngendlela efanayo, zinobuhle obukhangayo ngakho-ke zidonsa amehlo ezinkulungwane zabavakashi, isenzakalo esingavamile esihambisa inani elikhulu lamadola ngonyaka. ngokusebenzisa ama-ejensi ukutshuza.
Ziyizilwane ezidla uhlaza ezinkulu, lokhu kusho ukuthi kusiza ukuqapha ukufakwa kwekhava ye-algae emanzini, lokhu kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwezixhobo eziyingozi ezingaba khona. Njengoba izindawo ezihlala kuzo zisogwini lolwandle, izimfudu eziluhlaza zihambisa izinto eziningi zemvelo phakathi kolwandle nomhlabathi ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwebhayoloji njengoba zikhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo ezimeni eziseduze zokuhlala.
I-Galapagos Penguin- Spheniscus mendiculus
Esinye sezidalwa ezivame kakhulu eziQhingini zaseGalapagos yi-Galapagos penguin noma inyoni ye-Galapagos goofy. Iwuhlobo oluyinhloko lwepenguin oluhlala kuleyo ngxenye yomhlaba, luzuza ezinhlanzini nakwezinye izilwane zasolwandle.
Kule minyaka edlule, inani labantu balo mndeni lehle ngamaphesenti angama-65, nokubeka engcupheni yokushabalala. Izingozi zayo eziyinhloko ushushiso, ukufika kwezilwane ezihlaselayo ekhaya lazo, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Uma kwenzeka uke wacabanga ukuthi amaphengwini angaphila kanjani eduze nenkabazwe, kukholakala ukuthi amaphengwini eGalapagos aphendula ngendlela efanele.
Lezi zilwane ezihlala kahle ziyakwazi ukuphila endaweni efudumele ye-archipelago ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi e-Humboldt Current kanye ne-Cromwell Current ehlangana ndawonye eziqhingini, njengoba nje I-Emperor penguin.
Ukukhuluma iqiniso, ukujwayela imithelela yelanga, amaphengwini eGalapagos ashintsha izimpaphe zawo kabili ngonyaka ukuze akhiphe lawo alinyazwe ukukhanya, aphefumule ukuze aphumule futhi afune njalo ukucasha emahoreni ashisa kakhulu osuku.
Lezi zilwane ziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezinedumela elibi ezibonakala eziqhingini.Kubalulekile ukuthi zibe ngonogada, ngoba uma zingalawuleki ziyizimpawu zokuthi kukhona okwenzekayo endaweni. Kuyisilwane esitholakala kalula esingakhombisa uma kunezifo noma amagciwane ahlasela izinyoni zasolwandle.
Izakhamuzi zakhona ziyazwela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, ngesikhathi lapho isimangaliso sika-El Niño sifudumeza izinga lokushisa lamanzi, izikole ziyanyakaza, amaphengwini athola ukudla okuncane futhi awakwazi ukuphila emanzini afudumele. Umthelela walesi simangaliso ekuzaleni kwalolu hlobo mubi kakhulu.
Amaphengwini alezi ziqhingi ane-monogamous futhi ngokuvamile ahlala kunethiwekhi, ahlala eziqhingini ezinhle zaseSombrero Chino, Floreana, Fernandina, Isabela, Santiago, Bartolomé ngakho-ke amapenguin athile abonwe eziqhingini ezahlukene.
I-Booby-Sula sula enezinyawo ezibomvu
Ingenye yezidalwa ezinamaphiko ezifakwe ezilwaneni zaseGalapagos Islands, naphezu kokuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kukhulu kakhulu: futhi kuvame ukutholakala ezizweni ezihlukahlukene zaseLatin America, eYurophu nase-Asia.
Kuyiqembu lezilwane zasolwandle ngokuphelele ezizuza ezinhlanzini, lapho isibhakabhaka sicwebile ziyaphuma ziyofuna ukudla, zithanda ukuphumula ezindaweni eziqhingini ezinohlaza oluningi. Njengoba iphethini yakhona yehla, ibonakala njengezinhlobo Ezikhathazeke Kancane.
Impukane eyiParasitic invasive- Philornis downsi
Esinye sezidalwa ezingenamgogodla kulezi ziQhingi yile mpukane. Kuyisigaba sezilwane ezihlala eTrinidad naseBrazil, ezisungulwe eziqhingini, lapho isiphenduke inkathazo yangempela, ibeka engcupheni izinhlobo ezijwayelekile.
Le mpukane ihlinzekwa ukuze itheleleke ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezidalwa ezinezimpaphe, kuhlanganise nezintaka, futhi zibangele ukufa kwamaphuphu azo. Ukwengeza, izuza ezithelweni, nakuba amaphuphu adinga igazi lezidalwa ezinamaphiko azithelele ukuze adale.
I-Galapagos Albatross - I-Phoebastria irrorata
Ngesinye sezidalwa zalezi ziqhingi. Uhlala esiqhingini sase-Hispaniola, lapho enza khona amakhaya akhe phansi ngokuxoshwa kwentaba-mlilo. Nakuba izalela esiqhingini, unyaka wonke ihlala e-Ecuador nasePeru. Njengoba nje i- izilwane ezindizayo nazo ezibalulekile.
Lolu hlobo luyi-92 cm ubude futhi lumbozwe uthuli olumnyama noma olunomthofu oluqala entanyeni futhi lube nezindawo ezithile zomzimba ezimhlophe. Ukudoba okungekho emthethweni kanye nomthelela wemboni yezokuvakasha kunomthelela esimweni sayo sokongiwa kwemvelo, okuyenza ibe sengozini enkulu. Izinyoni zingafinyelela eminyakeni engama-80 futhi zindize zibheke phezulu.
Zidla amagobolondo, izinhlanzi, nezingwane, ngakho uma kukhona okuphazamisa umthombo wazo wokudla, inani lezinyoni alikhuli. Lesi yisizathu esenza zaziwa njengezigaba zezilwane ze-sentinel kanye ne-bioindicator.
Galapagos sea lion- Zalophus wollebaeki
iphakathi kwe izilwane ze-galapagos ye-galápagos enekhala eleluleke ngokwanele futhi isikhumba sibonwa ngombala waso womhlaba kanye nokufiphala komthofu, ukubukeka okubushelelezi nokucwebezelayo.
Njengamanje atholakala kulezi ziqhingi, kodwa naseCocos Island enhle etholakala eCosta Rica. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani labantu liyancipha futhi namuhla kunabantu ababalelwa ku-10,000. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala njengezinhlobonhlobo ezisengozini njengoba kuboniswe yi-IUCN.
I-Galapagos i-booby enezinyawo eziluhlaza
Ingenye yezinhlobo zezilwane ze-Galapagos eziheha ukuhlonishwa kakhulu ngenxa yoqhwaku olubukhali nezinyawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uthanda ukudla ama-sardine ngokunotha kwawo emafutheni, nokho, amelela ingxenye yendlela yakhe kuphela ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani labantu kulezi zinhlanzi ngenxa yesimangaliso solwandle.
Abanazo izimpumelelo eziningi abangaziphindaphinda, ngakho-ke basengozini yokuqothulwa. Abanye bathi izinkinga zabo zokuzala zibangelwa izilwane ezidla ezinye ezijwayele indawo engokwemvelo yalesi siqhingi, njengamakati afuywayo noma amagundane. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni lusabalele kuso sonke isiqhingi, ngokusondelana okuyingqayizivele neziqhingi zaseSanta Cruz naseBaltra.
ama-mockingbirds
Ama-Cucuve aphakathi kwezinhlobo lezi ziqhingi ezinhle ezinazo. Olwandle ungathola izinhlobo ezi-4 zalezi zidalwa:
- Labo bohlobo lweGalapagos.
- Izinhlobonhlobo zeSpanishi.
- Le yindawo ka Florean.
- San Cristobal.
Ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eziqhingini, eziseduze eziqhingini eziyisishiyagalombili. Zonke izinhlobo ze-Mockingbirds e-Pelago ziyi-omnivorous futhi zithanda ukuhlala emibuthanweni yezidalwa ezindizayo ezingaba ngu-24.
I-Galapagos fur seal
Bahlala emaweni olwandle lwaseGalapagos, eduze kakhulu nolwandle lapho betshala khona amandla abo amaningi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lapho kufika isikhathi sokuzala, bakhetha isihlabathi kanye nokukhukhuleka. Ingenye yezilwane ezithandekayo ze-galapagos.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhubesi olwandle akha izilwane zaseGalapagos: ibhubesi lasolwandle elibukekayo iGalapagos kanye ne-Galapagos fur seal ehehayo, ebizwa nangokuthi impisi ye-Dos Pelos, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyisibonelo sokulungisa isimo sezulu esishisayo: mancane kunolunye ulwandle. amabhubesi noboya bawo buhlukile. Zinenzalo eyodwa kuphela ngonyaka futhi zidla ekushoneni kwelanga lapho inyamazane yazo iseduze nendawo. Bathanda ukudla izinhlanzi ezilula.
I-Darwin's Finch- Thraupidae
I-desert flora finch enkulu, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Darwin's conirostro finch noma i-Geospiza conirostris, iyilungu lomndeni i-Thraupidae futhi itholakala eziqhingini zaseGalapagos e-Ecuador, ikakhulukazi i-Genovesa. Njengoba uvivinyo lubonisa, wayenethuba lokufinyelela lezi ziqhingi eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2,000,000 XNUMX XNUMX ngaphambili.
