I-Karate iyisiyalo sasempumalanga somsuka wamaShayina nakuba yavela endaweni yaseJapane., ngakho ixuba amasiko womabili. Igama elithi "karate" lisuselwa egameni lesiJapane elithi "ikarati" okusho ukuthi “isandla esingenalutho” (kara: angenalutho futhi te: isandla) kusukela Isekelwe ekuqhutshweni kochungechunge lwamagalelo anembayo ngezibhakela (ama-katas). Umdlalo wokulwa owaduma kakhulu ngenkathi ufakwa kuma-Olympic Games e-Tokyo ngo-2020.
Umqeqeshi wekarate noma wekarate uzokwenyuka ekufundeni kwakhe ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwamazinga noma amadigri (obi) efanekiselwa ngemibala eyahlukene emabhandeni engubo yekarati. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke mayelana imibala yamabhande e-karate nencazelo yawo ukuze uqonde ukuthi injani intuthuko ngalesi siyalo.
Iyini ikarati?
El ikarati Iwubuciko bokulwa bomdabu waseShayina. (yize kwavela eJapane) ngokusekelwe ochungechungeni lwamasu okuhloswe ngawo ukukhulisa amandla omzimba namandla ngokusebenzisa okunembayo kwezinye izinhlobo zokushaywa kokulawula (katas).
"I-karate" isuka egameni lesiJapane karate, okusho ngokwezwi nezwi "isandla esingenalutho" (kara: angenalutho futhi te: isandla) futhi lokhu kungenxa yesu elimchazayo, ngokusekelwe ekushayeni emoyeni "ngesandla esingenalutho", njengoba isibhakela esigoqiwe asiqukethe lutho, "umoya kuphela". Futhi njengoba kungenzeka iningi laziwa, umuntu odlalayo waziwa ngokuthi "umlweli wekarate".
I-karate iwumkhuba wobuchwepheshe nowomoya
Njenganoma yisiphi isiyalo sasendulo, umkhuba wakhe udlulela ngalé kokubulawa kobuchwepheshe, yenze isici esingokomoya esiphelelisa incazelo yalo. I-Karate, iqondwa kahle kusukela emsuka wayo, kuyindlela yokuphila nokukhula komuntu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umlando wayo mude futhi usudlule ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene lapho uthuthuke khona, okwenza kube nezitayela eziningi (Shotokan Karate, Shitoryu, Goju Ryu, Kyokushin, Kenpo Karate futhi eside njll.).
Ngakho-ke, i-karate akukwazanga ukuchazwa ngokobuchwepheshe njengomdlalo ngoba incazelo yalo ibanzi kakhulu. Nakuba emazweni aseNtshonalanga ifakwe "njengomdlalo" ngoba umkhuba wayo ugxile kakhulu ezintweni zobuchwepheshe. Eqinisweni, ingene njengomdlalo kuma-Olympics e-Tokyo ka-2020.
I-karate iwubuciko bokulwa obulungiselela umfundi ukulwa kanye nokubulawa ngendlela efanele kwamasu noma kion kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okuqinile ehlanganisa umsebenzi ngamandla, ibhalansi, ukuxhumanisa, ukunwebeka kanye nesivinini.
Isici salolu hlobo lokulwa ukuthi -ngokungafani nabanye- ifuna "ukonga amandla" ngokunemba kwamagalelo, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ukulandelana okude kwemithelela esheshayo njengoba kwenzeka kweminye imikhakha, isibonelo isibhakela. Okusho ukuthi, kumayelana nokusebenzisa ngobuhlakani amandla omzimba, lokho amaShayina akubiza ngokuthi Chi o Qi kuyini "lo amandla okuphila" o "ukugeleza kwamandla empilo". Kungamandla angcwele, yingakho kudinga ukusetshenziswa okuhle nokugxila okufanele, kulokhu ngokusebenzisa amagalelo aqondile. Ngakho Imayelana ne- "ukulwa okungokomoya" okuyisisekelo sakho kude nabo bonke ubudlova.
ukufunda ikarati
I-Karate isiyalo esingahlala impilo yonke (yize amazinga okuqala efinyelelwa kalula ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuzilolonga) futhi ukufunda kwabo kuhlukaniswe uchungechunge lwamazinga noma amamaki (obi) lapho umfundi ezokhuphuka ngokuvumelana nokuziphendukela kwabo. Ukunyuselwa ezingeni elisha kuzohlaziywa ijaji elihlola ukusebenza komfundi.
Ukuze wazi ukuthi i-karate fighter ikuliphi izinga, kunemibala ehlukene yamabhande ezingubo zokulwa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizokhuluma ngakho imibala yamabhande e-karate nencazelo yawo.
Imibala yamabhande e-karate nencazelo yawo
Ikarati yamanje ikala izinga likarate u obi ngohlelo lwamabhande anemibala esiwazi sonke. Kodwa ukuze uqonde ukuthi lesi sigaba sisungulwa kanjani, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi izinga lokufunda lakhiwe kanjani kulesi sifundo.
Futhi yilokho amadigri e-karate zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ngakolunye uhlangothi kunesilinganiso esiyisisekelo kakhulu, esihambisana nekarati encane noma uhlelo kyu, futhi ngakolunye, isikali sobungcweti noma uhlelo Dan. Kuhlelo ngalunye sithola amazinga ayi-10 noma ayi-10 obi enama-oda ahlehlayo: okungukuthi, ngenkathi ukusistimu kyu, izinga eliyisisekelo kakhulu yi- obi 10 elihambisana nebhande elimhlophe (okuqala ngalo wonke umfundi), ohlelweni lukaDan, u-10 uzoba obi yokuphatha okuphezulu (futhi abantu abambalwa kakhulu abafinyelela kuyo).
Ukuze, lapho i-karate fighter iqeda wonke amazinga kyu futhi ifinyelela ibhande elimnyama noma kuqala Dan, wayezoqala isiteji sobungcweti endleleni yakhe njengomshayi wekarati emazingeni ahlukahlukene Dan. Ngakho-ke, lokho kusho lokho ibhande elimnyama -kude nalokho okukholelwa kakhulu- akuwona ukuphela komkhuba wekarate, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuyisiqalo kuphela: ukusuka lapho ungaqala indlela ende yokuthuthukisa uze ufinyelele ukuphumelela okuphezulu kakhulu noma okweshumi. UDan.
Nakuba isikali sombala wamabhande e-karate silandela iphethini engashintshi yemibala, Singathola ukuhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isitayela wekarate kanye nemithetho esungulwe yi- ama-dojos kanye nezinhlangano zezwe ngalinye. Ngokwesibonelo, yena Kata futhi i kumite (izitayela ezimbili ezidumile zekarati) zingaba nokulandelana okuhlukene kyu, ngakho-ke obi zingase zimelelwe ngemibala ehlukene emabhandeni azo.
Imibala yamabhande e-karate ikhombisa izinga u obi we-karate fighter
Kuhlelo kyu noma i-karate encane, Abadlali be-karate abaqalayo baqala ngebhande elimhlophe. (izinga eliphansi) futhi ngokuqhubekayo kuyo yonke imibala ize ifinyelele ensundu (izinga eliphezulu kyu) futhi ekugcineni kube mnyama (okokuqala Dan).
Uma usufinyelele ibhande elimnyama (ukuphelela) noma kuqala Dan, uzothuthukela ngokulandelana kumazinga alandelayo kuze kube eleshumi noma elokugcina Dan (ofikayo). Kuhlelo Dan Los obi zingahluka ngombala kuye ngokuthi dojo ahole umkhuba.
Ngakho-ke, esizokukhombisa ngokulandelayo kuzoba imibala ye obi okuhambisana nokulandelana kyu, okungukuthi, imibala ye amabhande e-karate aziwa kakhulu. Umbala ngamunye awumeleli a obi kodwa futhi uphawu (lobuchwepheshe nangokomoya) lwezinga lokufunda:
- Okumhlophe: yiyona okweshumi kyu futhi imele i ubumsulwa. Kusho ujuthi ukuqala kwe uguquko.
- Amarillo: yiyo ukukhanya futhi ifanekisela i inyunyana noma umfelandawonye, kanye nokusesha.
- Orenji: umbala we amandla futhi imele i ukuphepha, intando nemizwelo yokufunda.
- Luhlaza: green is the ithemba lokho kumema ukuzindla nokuphumula futhi kufanekisela ukukhula kanye nokulinganisela.
- Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: imele i- ukuvumelana futhi ifanekisela inkohliso kanye ne ukuzethemba ukuze kuzuzwe inqubekelaphambili.
- Brown: yiyona okokuqala kyu kanye nezinga eliphezulu kulesi sikali. Kuhambisana noshintsho ekuqhubekeleni phambili komfundi, lapho edlula khona ohlelweni kyu Kuhlelo UDan. ikhombisa ubuhlakani, ukuqina kanye nokwenza kanye nokujula kobuntu bakhe.
- Omnyama: yiyona okokuqala Dan (Ukuphelela) futhi wenyukela phezulu kwaDani weshumi. Abanye ama-dojos yenza umehluko nge imithende emhlophe noma ebomvu noma iphelela emabhandeni yaleli zinga. Kuleli qophelo, ukuqeqeshwa komfundi kuthathwa njengokuthuthukile ngokwanele ukuze aqale ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ezingeni le-master noma UDan.
Imvamisa lena wumyalelo wokuthi i- obi nombala wayo webhande elihambisanayo, kodwa ezinye izikole hlanganisa imibala eminingi noma izinhlanganisela futhi yile ndlela esingathola ngayo, isibonelo, okunsomi ngemva kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nangaphambi kokunsundu.
Ku Ingane karate kuvamile ukuthola amabhande anemigqa enombala esikhundleni sombala owodwa weyunifomu njengakwikarati yabantu abadala. Izinhlanganisela zingahlukahluka kakhulu (omhlophe-ophuzi, ophuzi-owolintshi, osawolintshi-oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza sasibhakabhaka kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-brown) futhi ngokuyisisekelo Indlela yokugcina izingane zikhuthazekile.