I-Los abaprofethi etestamenteni elidala leBhayibheli kwakulabo balingiswa ababenezinga eliphakeme lokuncenga noma ukusondelana okujulile noNkulunkulu. UJehova wasebenzisa abalingiswa baseBhayibhelini njengendlela enegunya yokwazisa u-Israyeli ngeZwi lakhe. Ake sithole ukuthi bangobani.
Abaprofethi
Ukuze uchaze ukuthi uyini umprofethi kubaprofethi, kubalulekile ukwazi umsuka wegama kusukela ku-etymology yalo. Igama elithi umprofethi livela kumsuka wesiGreki othi profētēs, okusho okufanayo ngesiSpanishi kuhlobene nesithunywa, umkhulumeli, njll.
EBhayibhelini, igama lesiGreki elithi profētēs, kamuva elihunyushwe ngokuthi umprofethi, lethulwa ngokokuqala ngqá enguqulweni ye-Septuagint noma i-Septuagint, njengegama elihunyushwe lisuselwa egameni lesiHeberu elithi nāḇîʾ noma elithi nabí. Nokho, leli gama elifanayo lingokomqondo wokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. Njengoba igama lesiHebheru elithi nabi libhekisela kusithunywa noma umkhulumeli kaNkulunkulu.
Nakuba labo abaphethe isigijimi esingaveli kuNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli babizwa ngokuthi ama-pseudo-profētēs noma umprofethi-mbumbulu, okungukuthi, abaprofethi bamanga. Ukuqonda ukuthi isiqalo esithi Pseudo- sithathwe kwelesiGrikhi elithi ψεῦδο, esibekwe ngaphambi kwesihloko, umsebenzi, umqondo noma umuntu; ukuze ubhekisele entweni efana, noma engamanga, edukisayo, noma okulingisayo. Khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi umprofethi ngomqondo oqinile wokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa kuwela phakathi kwamasiko amaJuda, amaKristu namaMuslim, asuka olimini lwesiHebheru ngegama elithi nabí noma נְבִיא.
Kwake kwachazwa incazelo yegama elithi umprofethi. Kungashiwo ukuthi abaprofethi yilabo bantu abanegunya elinikezwe uJehova noma iNkosi yamabandla ukuba basebenze njengomkhulumeli phakathi konkulunkulu nabantu bakhe. Okusho ukuthi, abaprofethi bayizithunywa zezwi likaNkulunkulu. Nakuba ikhono lokuhumusha umlayezo ngombono kaNkulunkulu liqondwa njengesipho sokuprofetha.
Abaprofethi bakwa-Israyeli
AbaProfethi beTestamente Elidala Zithatha ingxenye enkulu yomlando wakwa-Israyeli. Laba baprofethi bakwa-Israyeli babenobizo lukaNkulunkulu futhi bagcwaliswa ngoMoya wakhe, 1 Samuweli 10:10 (KJV 1960):
10 Lapho befika lapho entabeni, bheka, iviyo labaprofethi lamhlangabeza; uMoya kaNkulunkulu wehlela phezu kwakhe ngamandla, waprofetha phakathi kwabo.
Ngale ndlela abaprofethi badlulisela izwi likaNkulunkulu kubantu bakwa-Israyeli, kungathiwa umprofethi wayengumshumayeli noma isikhonzi sikaNkulunkulu. Lapho beprofetha, babevame ukwenza kanjalo ngokuthi: "Isho kanje iNkosi." Okusikisela ukuthi kwakungebona abakhuluma kodwa uJehova uNkulunkulu, ukuthi kwakuyiNkosi uqobo eyayikhuluma. Kodwa ngaphambi kokwazi ababengabaprofethi kwa-Israyeli kubalulekile ukwazi imvelaphi yabo.
Umsuka wabaprofethi kwa-Israyeli
Isizwe sakwa-Israyeli savela ekuhlukaneni kombuso noma abantu bakaNkulunkulu, okwenzeka eminyakeni engama-931 ngaphambi kukaKristu. Ngaphambi kwalokhu kwakungamaHeberu, okungukuthi, u-Abrahama nenzalo yendodana yakhe u-Isaka. U-Israyeli kwakungabantu ababehlala ezweni laseKhanani noma ezweni lesethembiso lakwa-Israyeli. Indawo lapho kwakuhlala khona inzalo kaJakobe indodana ka-Isaka. Ukuthi kamuva uNkulunkulu wayezoshintsha igama lakhe lisuka kuJakobe libe ngu-Israyeli. Ama-Israyeli aphinde ahlanganise amakhosi ombuso wakwa-Israyeli ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlukaniswa kombuso ube: umbuso wakwa-Israyeli nombuso wakwaJuda.
Lezi zizwe ekuqaleni zazihlala ezizweni eziyimizulane futhi u-Abrahama wayengomunye wokhokho bazo. Kula madolobha kwakukhona uhlobo lwezangoma ezazibizwa ngokuthi ababoni, okusobala ukuthi zazifikelwa yingqondo ngemva kokuprakthiza imidanso noma ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside. Lapho laba baboni bephuma kuleso simo sengqondo, bazwakalisa ukuthi babehlangene nonkulunkulu.
Kusukela kuMose kubantu bamaHeberu ukuthi uhlobo oluhlukile lwababoni luqala futhi empeleni izimo ze-trance nemidanso zaqhubeka zikhona. Kodwa amandla okubona nokuncenga kuMose aqala ukuba nencazelo entsha, incazelo yesiprofetho.
Kusukela lapho, abaprofethi bathola umsebenzi wokulawula abantu ukuze bangaphambuki ekukholweni kuNkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke umprofethi weqiniso kufanele enze abantu balandele umthetho kaNkulunkulu. Uyazi ukuthi uyini lo Mthetho?Faka lesi sihloko ukuze wazi iqiniso imiyalo yomthetho kaNkulunkulu.
Umprofethi wayengenakuyenga abantu ukuba bakhonze abanye onkulunkulu ngoba uma enza kanjalo wayeyoba umprofethi wamanga. Kamuva uNkulunkulu ubiza abaprofethi ukuba bakhulume ngabo, babasebenzise njengabamangaleli lapho sonke isizwe sakwaIsrayeli sizithola sisonqenqemeni lokuzibhubhisa.
Isigijimi esingokwesiprofetho esiseBhayibhelini
Khona-ke incazelo yesiprofetho kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke eBhayibhelini yayisekelwe kumprofethi osakaza isigijimi seNkosi. Asikho isidingo sokungena ezifundeni zokuphupha ukufeza ubizo lukaNkulunkulu. Izwi likaNkulunkulu ngezwi labaprofethi eBhayibhelini liyangena, licacile, lizolile emlayezweni oqondakalayo, owawuvame ukunikeza ithemba kubantu.
Abanye abaningi ukuba basole ukungabi nabulungisa noma ububi obenziwa abaholi noma abantu bakwa-Israyeli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umlayezo ongokwesiprofetho ngokweBhayibheli awubahlukanisi abantu ngokoqobo noma ubaholele ekubeni baphile ngokukhohlisa noma ngokwesaba, njengoba abaprofethi bamanga noma abangamaqaba bevame ukwenza.
Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi noma umsebenzi womprofethi ukukhumbuza u-Israyeli ukuba aphile umfelandawonye noNkulunkulu futhi athembeke kuye. Ukuthi abantu balandele imiyalo yakhe hhayi nje encwadini kodwa bathande uNkulunkulu nomakhelwane babo. Ngenzeni ngawe, Efrayimi? kubuza uNkulunkulu futhi angitshele ukuthi ngizokuphatha kanjani Juda, Hoseya 6:4–5
4 Kodwa uNkulunkulu waphendula wathi: “Bakhi Uthi uyangithanda, kodwa uthando lwakho lufana nenkungu nanjengamazolo asekuseni: ngokushesha luyashabalala!” 5 Kungakho izwi engabanikeza lona ngabaphrofethi bami laba njengokukhanya okubhubhisayo okwaletha ukufa. » 6 Ningilethela iminikelo, kepha angikuthandi lokho; Engikufunayo ukuthi bangithande futhi baqaphele ukuthi nginguNkulunkulu wabo
Abaprofethi bayizithunywa ezithunywe nguNkulunkulu, eziqinisekisa ukuthi umthetho kaNkulunkulu nezwi lakhe kuyahlonishwa futhi kufezwe ngabantu.
Ukuvela kwabaprofethi kwa-Israyeli
Phakathi nokudingiswa kukaIsrayeli isigijimi esiyisiprofetho sagcizelela ithemba. Ngalesi sikhathi abantu bakwa-Israyeli bangena ekuthunjweni bevela ezifundeni ezingomakhelwane njenge-Asiriya neBabiloni ngenxa yokuhlubuka kuNkulunkulu. Kwakuyisikhathi lapho isigijimi sesiprofetho safinyelela umvuthwandaba wawo.
U-Israyeli owayedingisiwe wayengenabo abapristi namakhosi ayezobaqondisa. Ngakho abaprofethi babebizwe nguNkulunkulu ukuba bahlwanyele ithemba nokuthi ukukholwa kuNkulunkulu kuqiniswe kubantu. Umlayezo ongokwesiprofetho wamemezela ukuphela kobugqila nokubuya ekuthunjweni, umprofethi u-Isaya endimeni isahl. 41:1-20 ungumkhulumeli wokuphepha kukaNkulunkulu kuIsrayeli, Isaya 41:10:
10 Ungesabi, ngokuba mina nginawe; ungapheli amandla, ngokuba nginguNkulunkulu wakho onilwelayo; Ngizokusiza njalo, ngiyokweseka njalo ngesandla sokunene sokulunga kwami.
Kodwa abaprofethi baphinde bathumela ulaka lukaNkulunkulu ngenxa yobubi babantu, ngomyalezo wabo, isibonelo kumprofethi uJeremiya 29:15-20.
Ngaphandle kwethonya labaprofethi ngesikhathi sokudingiswa, kwakungeke kwenzeke ukulondoloza ukholo kubantu bakwa-Israyeli.
Abaprofethi bakwa-Israyeli benza ubuholi babo ngokukhonza kwa-Israyeli phakathi nenkathi kusukela ekhulwini le-11 kuya kwelesi-4 BC. Njengamanje futhi ekukhanyeni kwalokho uJesu akusho lapho ecaphuna umprofethi u-Isaya esesinagogeni laseNazaretha, Luka 4:17-19
17 Wanikwa incwadi yomprofethi u-Isaya; eseyivule incwadi, wafumana indawo lapho okulotshwe khona ukuthi: 18 UMoya weNkosi uphezu kwami, ngoba ingigcobile ukuthi ngitshumayele ivangeli kwabampofu; Ungithumile ukuba ngiphulukise abanhliziyo ezaphukileyo; ukumemezela ukukhululwa kwabathunjwa, nokubona kwezimpumputhe; Ukukhulula abacindezelweyo; 19 ukutshumayela umnyaka omuhle weNkosi.
Izikhonzi ZeNkosi Namuhla
Kungashiwo ukuthi wonke umKristu ubizelwe ukufeza umsebenzi wabaprofethi. Abantu abangamaKristu bayizithunywa kanye abangabaprofethi banamuhla usuku, ngendlela. Yebo, izwi likaNkulunkulu selibhaliwe kakade. Ukuthi konke okuzokwenzeka kuze kufike iNkosi sekubhaliwe. Nokho simamukela uKristu ezimpilweni zethu, uMoya wakhe oNgcwele uhlala kithi. Ngokukholelwa ezinhliziyweni zethu ukuthi umprofethi uNkulunkulu ammemezela ngomlomo kaMose kuDuteronomi 18:15-18 , abantu okufanele bamlalele nguJesu ngokwakhe.
Sikholelwa ngendlela efanayo ukuthi ukuba isikhonzi noma inceku kaKristu kuwukumemezela ngokwethembeka ivangeli likaJesu nokuba ukukhanya kwalabo abalangazelela nabadinga insindiso yakhe. Ngiyakumema uma ufunda le migqa ukuze ufake isihloko izingxenye zebhayibheli, lapho ungathola khona ukuthi kunezincwadi zesiprofetho ezingu-16 kuyo. Lezi zincwadi ngolimi lwesiHeberu zibizwa ngokuthi nǝḇîʾîm futhi zabhalwa ngabaprofethi noma ngababhali noma abahumushi babo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwabaprofethi
Izigaba ezijwayelekile kakhulu ezingenziwa abaprofethi beBhayibheli eTestamenteni Elidala yilezo zabaprofethi ngaphambi nangemuva kokuhlukaniswa kombuso:
Abaprofethi bakudala nabangaphambili:
- UMose
- U-Aaron
- u-Elidadi noMedadi
- UJosue
- Samuel
- UNathan
- David
- USolomoni
- upelepele
- U-Eliya
- Eliseo
- Eliezer
- UZakariya
abaprofethi kamuva: Laba baprofethi bahlukaniswa ngabaprofethi abakhulu nabaprofethi abancane
Abaprofethi Abakhulu
Laba baphrofethi babizwa ngezinkulu hhayi ngoba bebalulekile kunabanye. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi imibhalo noma imibhalo yabo ibanzi kakhulu enezahluko eziningi kunalezo ezibizwa ngokuthi ezincane. Abaprofethi abakhulu babe:
- U-Isaya: Umprofethi onikeza ukuchayeka okubanzi kwevangeli likaNkulunkulu kuJesu Kristu. Sikumema ukuba ufunde okwengeziwe ngale ncwadi yesiprofetho ebalulekile ngokufaka isihloko, U-Isaya: Incwadi eyabhalwa ngesikhathi sobubi nokuhlubuka
- UJeremiya: Ushumayela ngesono sikaIsrayeli, umemezela ukubhujiswa nenkazimulo yesikhathi esizayo yeJerusalema
- UHezekeli: Imemezela ukuwa kweJerusalema, ukubuyiselwa kwalo nekusasa lalo elikhazimulayo
- UDaniyeli: Ushumayela ngemibuso emine, futhi umemezela ukubusa kukaNkulunkulu kwendawo yonke nokuphakade.
Abaprofethi abancane
Lezi zincwadi ezinemilayezo yesiprofetho zibizwa ngokuthi ezincane ngoba zifushane kunezangaphambili, ezinye zazo zifushane kakhulu. Ababizwa ngabaprofethi abancane yilaba:
- UHoseya: Umlayezo ongokwesiprofetho wokulahlwa kuka-Israyeli waqhubeka ngesihe nokuthethelela kukaNkulunkulu kubantu bakhe
- UJoweli: Umemezela isahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu ngokuhlasela kwamanye amazwe
- U-Amose: Umemezela izimemezelo zesahlulelo ezizweni, ikakhulukazi u-Israyeli
- U-Obadiya: Umemezela ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwesifunda sase-Edon
- UJona: Umprofethi ongalaleli ngaphambi kwesigijimi esingokwesiprofetho sokubhujiswa kweNineve, futhi ngemva kwendaba yakhe uholela laba bantu ekuphendukeni.
- UMika: Umemezela isahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu nesithembiso sakhe sokubuyisela ngoMesiya
- UNahume: Umemezela ukubhujiswa kwesifunda saseNineve
- UHabakuki: Lo mprofethi utusa isahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu esisondela kuJuda
- UZefaniya: Umemezela isiprofetho sokwahlulelwa kwembubhiso nesibusiso sikaNkulunkulu esilandelayo
- UHagayi: Ucela ukwakhiwa kabusha kweThempeli emuva ekuthunjweni kwaseBhabhiloni
- UZakariya: Umemezela isiprofetho sikaMesiya nobizo lokuqeda ukwakhiwa kwethempeli likaNkulunkulu.
- UMalaki: Isigijimi esingokwesiprofetho sembubhiso esilandelwa isithembiso sesibusiso esivela kuMesiya
Indawo yokulandelana kwezikhathi zabaprofethi abakhulu nabancane
Kubaprofethi abakhulu nabancane abayi-16, abayishumi nantathu kubo bahlobene nokubhujiswa kwabantu abangamaHeberu futhi abathathu ekubuyiselweni kwakho. Manje ngemva kombuso kaSolomoni (961 BC), ukuhlukaniswa kombuso kwenzeka (931 BC). Ohlukaniswe umbuso wasenyakatho noma umbuso wakwa-Israyeli kanye nombuso waseningizimu noma umbuso wakwaJuda. Ukuwa noma ukubhujiswa kwemibuso yasenyakatho neseningizimu kwenzeka ngezikhathi noma izigaba ezimbili.
ukuwa kombuso wasenyakatho
Ukuwa kombuso wasenyakatho kwenzeka phakathi nenkathi ephakathi kuka-734 no-721 BC. Abaprofethi bakulesi sikhathi noma isigaba:
- Joel
- UJona
- Amose
- UHoseya
- U-Isaya
- UMika
ukuwa kombuso waseningizimu
Ukuwa kombuso waseningizimu kwenzeka phakathi nenkathi ephakathi kuka-606 no-586 ngaphambi kukaKristu. Abaprofethi bakulesi sikhathi noma isigaba:
- UJeremiya
- Ezequiel
- Daniel
- Hamba kahle
- UNahume
- UHabakuki
- UZefaniya
Ukubuyiselwa Kwesizwe
Ukubuyiselwa kwesizwe kwenzeka phakathi nenkathi ephakathi kuka-536 no-444 BC. Abaprofethi batholakala kulesi sikhathi:
- UHagayi
- UZakariya
- UMalaki
umprofethi u-Eliya
Kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi izincwadi zomlando zeBhayibheli njengezincwadi zikaSamuweli, amaKhosi, abaHluleli neziKronike. Izindaba ezimayelana nomprofethi othathwa njengobaluleke kakhulu kunabo bonke abaprofethi betestamente elidala, umprofethi u-Eliya, ziyadalwa kabusha. Umprofethi othonya lakhe lalinamandla futhi linegunya elikhulu kwaIsrayeli, kangangokuthi phakathi nenkonzo kaJesu emhlabeni, nguye okwakulindeleke ukuba alungisele uMesiya indlela.
Ekugcineni, kungashiwo ukuthi abaprofethi babenomsebenzi wabo kanye nesigijimi sabo esikhethekile, ngamunye wabo. Kodwa ngokujwayelekile umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukuzama ukusindisa izizwe ebubini bazo nasekukhonzeni izithombe, behluleka kulokhu. Abaprofethi bamemezela ukuthi insali yayiyosindiswa phakathi kwezizwe. Kuleyo nsali kwakuyovela igatsha elaliyovela emndenini kaDavide ukuze landise umbuso kaNkulunkulu kuzo zonke izizwe, lelogatsha kwakunguJesu Kristu.