ari zviratidzo zvechiKristu, zviratidzo zvose izvo dzidziso yechiKristu inomiririrwa nayo. Zvimwe zveizvi zvakashandiswa kubvira pakutanga kwenguva, kunyange mukati mezvitendero zvisiri zvechiKristu, zvichiramba zviripo kwemazana emakore akawanda.
zviratidzo zvechiKristu
Zviratidzo zvechiKristu kana zvakare zvinonzi zviratidzo zvechiKristu, zvakabatanidzwa mumifungo inoreva misimboti iri mukati mekutenda kwakavakirwa chitendero chechiKristu. Kana iwe uchida kuziva nezve mamwe marudzi ezviratidzo zvakakosha munhoroondo, unogona kuverenga nezvazvo Zviratidzo zveBhudha
Izvi zviratidzo zvechiKristu zvakashanda setsigiro yekuchengetedza nheyo dzekutenda kwe Kristu. Munguva yehushe hweRoma, zviratidzo izvi zvakashandiswa nekuchenjerera kuburikidza nekutanga kwechitendero syncretism, iyo yakabuda panguva iyoyo.
Vadzidzi vechiKristu vakanga vazvimisa vamene mumapoka maviri, vateereri vaipinda magungano, uye vakaratidzira chishuvo chavo chokutanga kupinda mukutenda. Zvisinei, mhoteredzo yacho yakabvuma kuverevedza munhau, uko kwakanonotsa rubhapatidzo rwaavo vaida kuva rutivi rwenzanga yechiKristu.
Paive nedzimwe tsika dzaive dzakachengeterwa chete kutora chikamu kweavo vakapinda mudzidziso yechiKristu, kunyanya avo vakava chikamu chezvinonzi zvakavanzika zvenyama neropa zveShoko raMwari. Dios.
Ipapo ndipo pakasikwa zviratidzo zvechiKristu, senzira yevanotanga kuzvisiyanisa kubva kune vamwe vanhu uye kuti zvive nyore kuzivana.
Kutanga
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvechiKristu zvinogona kuva nemavambo ekuvapo mukati mengano dzekare, apo mufananidzo wechikamu chemaruva nemhuka zvakatanga kushandiswa, izvo zvakatora zvinoreva mumiririri wechitendero pachako, zvakadai, semuenzaniso, Muchinjikwa. Peacock, njiva chena, hove, muchindwe, pakati pezvimwe.
Muchikamu chechitendero, pachena kumuka kwe Jesu yakaratidzwa nekushandiswa kwemufananidzo weTurkey uye dzimwe nguva neshiri Phoenix. Kune chikamu chayo, nemufananidzo wenjiva, kupfava kwaifananidzirwa, asi kunomiririrawo rugare nekuchena kwemweya. Nondo kana nondo, vanotorwa sevaranda ve Kristu.
Imwe yezviratidzo zvechiKristu inoonekwa sechiratidzo chechitendero chepasi rose ihove, iyo panguva yezana ramakore rechigumi nenhatu BC, yakatorwa sechiratidzo chechiratidzo chekare, kuburikidza nekumutswa kwevakafa kwairehwa, yakashandiswa kekutanga chirevo ichocho, muguva remuEgipita khabekhnet, aive chikamu chedzinza reXIX.
Semunguva dzamambo Diocletian, apo vanhu vechiKristu vakasangana nokutambudzwa kwakaipisisa, muzana remakore rechipiri nerechitatu AD. C, nzanga yechiKristu yakadziviswa kumutsidzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana, saka vakafukidzira kushandiswa kwezviratidzo zvechiKristu, iri nyaya yemufananidzo we anchor, iyo inonzi iyo chirevo chakaitwa nenzira yakafananidzirwa, kuMuchinjikwa. ye Kristu.
Zuva chairo iro izwi rechiGiriki ikhthys, zvinoreva hove, yakatanga kureva "Jesu Kristu, Mwanakomana waMwari uye Akaponeswar", asi mushure mekuzivikanwa kwayo pasi rose, chimiro chehove chakatorwa sechiratidzo chechiKristu chepanyama.
Yakanga iri mushure mezana remakore rechitatu apo zviratidzo zvechiKristu zvakatanga kushandiswa pachena, kuva pakati pavo, mufananidzo wemumiririri wekurovererwa pamuchinjikwa. Jesu nevadzidzi vake gumi nevaviri, uye ane zuva rakatsanangurwa pakati pemakore III kana IV AD. c.
Nokufamba kwenguva, zvimwe zviratidzo zvechiKristu zvakawedzerwa, zvichiita kuti zvikwanisike kuverenga pane zvakasiyana-siyana zveizvi nhasi, kushandiswa kweMuchinjikwa Mutsvene wakamira pakati pavose, nekuti inorangarira nhanho yekurovererwa pamuchinjikwa. Kristu.
Kunyange mufananidzo wemhandara Mary, mukuteterera kwayo kwese, uko kunosanganisira rudo rwaamai, chinhu chakanaka chinosimbiswa mupfungwa nekushandisa zvine hungwaru kwemavara ebhuruu nechena, ane chiratidzo chayo chekuchena kwedenga. Pane zvinopesana, kushandiswa kwenyanga uye miswe zvinongoratidzira chiratidzo chedhiyabhorosi, chakabatana naSatani, iyo, nenzira imwechete, inosimbiswa nekushandiswa kwemoto mutsvuku.
Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo zvekutanga zvakabatanidzwa nechitendero, zvakava zvidhori zvinozivikanwa zvine zvinoreva zvakafanana pasi rose, nokuti nokuda kwedzidziso yechiKristu, zvakanga zvakakosha zvikuru kuti vakasikwa nenzira iyoyo uye zvive nyore kuti vanhu vaone, pasinei netsika dzakasiyana.
Gwayana uye mufudzi akanaka ndiwo mumwe muenzaniso, nekuti muchiitiko chekutanga, chibayiro chemuponesi wedu chinomiririrwa uye chechipiri, chinobatsira kufungidzira humwe hunhu hukuru hweiyo chaiyo. Kristu. Zvimwe zviratidzo areka ye Noah, chimiro chechechi, chingwa newaini, bhaibheri, nezvimwe.
Zvinonzi, munguva dzokutambudzwa kwevaKristu, makuva, ayo akanga ari rudzi rwemakuva epasi pevhu, aishandiswa senzvimbo dzokutizira dzemapoka aya ezvitendero, dzidziso yakazobvunzurudzwa munguva yemazuva ano. Kunze kwekuonekwa semakuva, vakauyawo kuzomiririra vakafira kuburikidza navo, uye kunyange masakaramende akawanda aipembererwa kuvaremekedza.
Makuva ndidzo dzaive nzvimbo dzemweya yese yaimirira nguva yavo yakamirira rumuko. Mufananidzo iwoyo wavakashongedzwa nawo, waive nezviratidzo nezviratidzo zvairatidza kuvepo kwehupenyu mushure mehupenyu uye nekurangarira kweYukaristiya.
Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo zvechiKristu zvakatorwa sechikamu cheunyanzvi hwechiKristu, hwakanga hwakaumbwa sechishongo chezvimiro zvakasiyana-siyana zvechitendero, kuwana munzvimbo idzi nzvimbo yekuratidzira zvisikwa zvavo uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvavakawana, zvichiuya kuumba mazana matanhatu emakiromita emakamuri epasi pevhu. , iyo inoshanyirwa nevashanyi uye mapilgrim.
Mhando dzeChikristu Zviratidzo
Kune zvakawanda zvinomiririra uye zvidhori zvedzidziso dzechiKristu zvakaiswa mumapoka sezviratidzo zvechiKristu. Kune mamwe marudzi ezviratidzo zvechitendero zvingave zvekufarira kwauri se 5 Nyeredzi Yakanongedza
Heano mamwe ezviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvechiKristu:
Arifa naOmega
zviratidzo zvechiKristu Arifa naOmega, anomiririrwa neshoko chairo α kana Α y ω kana Ω, zvishoma, kuva vara guru uye rokupedzisira mukati mearufabheti yechiGiriki. Mukuwirirana nouyu murangariro, unogona kubatanidzwa nechiri mavambo nomugumo, unomirira kusaguma kwaBaba vokudenga.
Saizvozvowo, mukati memagwaro matsvene, kunyanya muEvhangeri yaJohani, zvikamu zviviri zvebhaibheri zvakatorwa kubva mubhuku raZvakazarurwa, apo Arifa naOmega vanopiwa mazita, mumwe wacho ari mashoko ari pana Zvakazarurwa 1:8.
Izvi zviratidzo zvechiKristu zvakatanga kushandiswa kubva muzana ramakore rechina, dzimwe nguva musanganiswa nezvimwe zviratidzo, chimwe cheizvi chiri Chrismon. Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa mumakereke ekuMadokero zvisinei kuti ari mavara echiGiriki.
Anchor
Iyo anchor ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvechiKristu, izvo zvinozivikanwa neChengetedzo. Mukuvamba kwaro, raishandiswa sechiratidzo chokumirira tariro, navatendi vekare vokutenda, tariro iyoyo yavaifanira kuchengeta murumuko uye muupenyu hwomunguva yemberi hwakamirira pashure poupenyu hwapasi, paradhiso yakagoverwa.
Inochengetedza hukama hwepedyo nechiratidzo che ichthys kana hove dze Jesu, ndosaka zvakajairika kuvaona vari pamwechete mumifananidzo yakati wandei. Munguva dzekutambudzwa kwechiKristu, chiratidzo cheancho chakashandiswa kuvanza chiratidzo cheMuchinjikwa we Jesu.
Korona yeminzwa
Korona yeMinzwa ndechimwe chezviratidzo zvechiKristu chinomiririra chido che Jesu KristuEya, mumazuva iwayo, varwi veRoma vakarishandisa nedonzo rokumunyadzisa asati arovererwa, kumubhapatidza sa“mambo wavaJudha,” mukuwirirana namanyoro matsvene.
Mazwi ebhaibheri kubva muvhangeri maringe na San Juan 19:2 , inozvitsanangura zvakajeka panguva iyo varwi ava vakaisa pamusoro waJesu korona yeminzwa yavakagadzira.
Chrismon
Mukati memhando dzezviratidzo zvechiKristu, izvo zvinonzi "Christograms" zvakasikwa, zviri izvo Chrismon, chikamu chemumwe wavo, anonziwo Chi Ro. Yakanga yakagadzirwa nemavara maviri ekutanga ezita rechiGiriki “Kristu" kana kuti ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ndiko kuti, vara Chi (X), uye vara Rho (P).
Munguva dze Constantine I, mambo munhoroondo yeRoma, akashandisa chiratidzo ichi semureza mukati memakore zana echina AD. C. Ichi chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa chichiperekedzwa nemavara ekutanga e Arifa naOmega kazhinji.
Munguva yeChikristu chisati chavapo, chiratidzo ichi chakashandiswa neshoko rekuti "chreston", zvinoreva kuti zvinobatsira. Raishandiswa sechidimburidzo chakanyorwa kuratidza ndima dzinonakidza mukati memicheto, kuti vazvione.
muchinjikwa wechiKristu
Muchinjikwa wechiKristu chimwe chezviratidzo zvakakosha zvechiKristu. Inomiririra kuiswa kwemitsara miviri perpendicularly iyo inobva yapindirana. Inofananidzira nzvimbo yakafira Mesiya.
Nekuda kwehukama hwayo hwepedyo nemaitirwo ekuuraya aiitwa panguva iyoyo, chiratidzo ichi hachina kushandiswa nenharaunda yechiKristu, panzvimbo pezvo. ichthys. Muchinjikwa wakatanga kubatanidzwa nedzidziso yechiKristu kubva muzana ramakore rechipiri nerechitatu.
Zvisinei, pasati pava nekurukurirano yechiKristu sorudzidziso, muchinjikwa wakanga watoshandiswa nedzimwe tsika, asi une misiyano muchimiro chawo uye dzimwe revo dzorudzidziso, dzakasiyana nedziya dzawaizogamuchira gare gare. Tsika dzechiEgipita nemaHindu vaive vamwe.
Mukati mematavi echiKristu, mune michinjikwa yakasiyana-siyana yechiKristu, inonyanyozivikanwa uye inoshandiswa nesangano reKatorike, rinonzi "Latin cross". Chimiro chayo mitsara miviri, imwe yacho inooneka yakareba kupfuura imwe. Mimwe misiyano yakakosha yechiratidzo ichi ndeiyi: Muchinjikwa wechiGiriki; papal cross; Patriarchal Cross kana Muchinjikwa weLorraine; Muchinjikwa weLorraine; tau cross; Christian ankh.
muchinjikwa weJerusarema
muchinjikwa we Jerusarema, chimwe chezviratidzo zvechitendero chine hunhu hwenhoroondo, chichiva nemukurumbira munyika sechiya che Nyika Tsvene kana kuti maCrusades. Kana iri chimiro chayo, inotsanangurwa kuti ine muchinjikwa wepakati, uyo chimiro chechiGiriki uye mumagumo ayo, ane magumo akatwasuka.
Michinjikwa yerudzi urwu inonzi michinjikwa ine simba. Chimiro chayo chinopedzwa nekuwedzera kwemuchinjiko mudiki wechiGiriki, wakarongedzwa mune imwe neimwe ye quadrants iri mukati memuchinjiko mukuru. Vanonzi "crossheads". kumativi emuchinjikwa Jerusarema kududzira kunoverengeka kwakarukwa, imwe neimwe ichipa revo yayo imene.
Imwe yeakanyanya simba ndeyekufungidzira uko kunoratidzwa kuti mufananidzo we Jesucristo inofananidzirwa muMuchinjikwa mukuru, nepo michinjikwa mina iri vaevhangeri vana vakuru venhoroondo yechitendero. Zvimwe zvirevo zvakapihwa kwairi, ndezvekuti michinjikwa ye5 pamwe chete inomiririra maronda mashanu e Kristu akarovererwa.
Muchinjikwa weSaint Peter kana Inverted Cross
muchinjikwa we Mutsvene Petro, Inoratidza chimiro chakafanana nemuchinjikwa wechiKristu, asi munzvimbo yakapidiguka. Zita rake nemabviro akapiwa kwaari semugumisiro wekurovererwa kwa San Pedro, uyo akanga asingafungi kuti akanga akakodzera kufa sezvakaita mudzidzisi wake uye nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho vakamugadzika pasi.
Nharaunda yechiKristu yakashandisa chiratidzo chemuchinjikwa uyu kumiririra kuburikidza nawo kukosha kwekuzvininipisa. Zvakadaro, kushandiswa kwayo kwave kuri kubvunza nekutsoropodza, nekuti chiratidzo chinoshandiswa nemapoka anonamata diablo, vanozviita kuti varatidze maonero avo zvinopesana nedzidziso dzechiKristu.
staurogram
The staurogram chimwe chezviratidzo zvechiKristu chinoumbwa nemavara maviri echiGiriki: iyo Tau () uye Ro (P, ari chidimbu chemazita emavambo echiGiriki stauros (σταυρός) y stauroo (σταυρόω), zvinoreva muchinjikwa uye kuroverera zvakateerana. Ichi chiratidzo chinozivikanwa zvakare nezita rekuti monogrammatic kana Taurus.
Mune mamwe emifananidzo yayo inomiririra inogona kuwanikwa ichiperekedzwa nezvimwe zviratidzo senge Arifa naOmega. Isati yashandiswa sechiratidzo chechiKristu, yakanga ichishandiswa kubvira kare chiKristu chisati chavapo. Chakanga chiri chekutanga chezviratidzo chaimiririrwa nacho kurovererwa kwaJesu. Jesu, kushandiswa kwavo kunobva kuXNUMXth kusvika kuXNUMXth century AD, ichitsiviwa nekufamba kwenguva nechiratidzo che Chrismon.
Ichtus kana Ichthys
El ichtus, akaumbwa nemadziro maviri ayo, kana akabatanidzwa, anoita chimiro chehove. Etymologically, izwi rakanyorwa ἰχθύς zvinorevei hove Kana yakanyorwa nemavara makuru (ΙΧΘΥΣ), inowana chiratidzo chayo chinoratidzwa kuburikidza nechidimbu:
- Ini: zvinorevei Jesu
- Χ: zvinorevei Kristu
- Θ: zvinorevei Mwari
- Υ: zvinorevei Hijo
- Σ: zvinorevei Salvador
Mumazuva apo dzidziso yechiKristu yakatanga, chiratidzo ichi chaishandiswa muchivande. Nhamba yehove yave ichidzokororwa mukati meevhangeri, iyo zuva rayo kubva muzana remakore rechipiri maererano nekuonekwa kwayo kwekutanga, zvakanyanya kuwedzera kushandiswa kwayo muzana remakore rechitatu nerechina. Apo yakabatanidzwa zvizere nechitendero chechiKristu, kushandiswa kwayo kwakava kwakakurumbira.
zvechitendero monograms
Kune akati wandei mamonograms ave zviratidzo zvechiKristu nekuti iwo mabhii ane kukosha kukuru kwenhoroondo yedzidziso iyi. Inonyanya kushandiswa uye yakakurumbira ndeiyi: Monogram IH, rinoshandiswa sechidimbu chezita re Jesu. Mavara maviri aya ndiwo ekutanga ezita remuponesi, pakunyora zita rake muchiGiriki, "ΙΗΣΟΥΣ".
IHS Monogram, mutsauko wechidimbu chezita raJesu muchiGiriki, zvichipa dudziro yekuti "Jesu Hominum Salvator”, iro mumutauro wechiLatin rinoreva kuti “Jesu Muponesi Wevanhu”. Yaishandiswa sechiratidzo chinooneka pedyo nemuchinjikwa nezvipikiri zvitatu, zviri mukati mezuva rinopenya.
Monogram IX, Inoumbwa nemavara I uye X, ayo iwe unogona kupfupisa mazita e Jesu naKristu vakabatana, izvo zvakanyorwa muchiGiriki ΙΗΣΟΥΣ uye ΧΡΕΙΣΤΟΣ, zvakateerana. Monogram IC XC, Ndiyo imwe yeChristograms inonyanya kushandiswa nemapoka echitendero mudunhu rekuMabvazuva. Inoumbwa kubva pabhii rekutanga nerekupedzisira remazita echiGiriki anoti Jesu naKristu.
Muchiitiko ichi, Σ inotsiviwa nekushandiswa kweC. Pachivanhu, chiratidzo chechiKristu ichi chinogona kuonekwa chichiperekedzwa neshoko. Nika, iro rinobva pashoko rechiito rechiGiriki ndikao, zvinoreva kuti “kundisa”. Pamwe chete, chiratidzo chaizoratidzwa sezvinotevera: IC XC NIKA, zvinoreva kuti “Jesu Kristu Anokunda”, mutsara unomiririra chokwadi chekuti akakunda rufu.
Paloma
Chimiro chenjiva chena zvakare chimwe chezviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvechiKristu. Inonzi mune akati wandei evhangeri anechekuita nerubhabhatidzo rweMuponesi, mumwe wemienzaniso iri chirevo chebhaibheri che Lucas 3: 22.
Kune chitendero chechiKristu, chiratidzo chenjiva chinomiririra mufananidzo we Mweya Wakachena, ichiva chinhu chakakurumbira zvikuru muunyanzvi hwechiKristu. Zvakare muzvinyorwa zvinoera zvebhuku ra Genesisi, njiva inotaurwa, kunyanya muchirevo Genesisi 8: 11.
Muchikamu chino, chokwadi chinoburitswa riini Noah Anotuma njiva kundotsvaka ivhu rakaoma panguva dzaakanga ari mugwa rake pashure pokunge mafashamo apfuura. Njiva yakadzoka nebazi remuorivhi uye hwaiva humbowo hwekuti yakanga yawana nzvimbo. Padzidziso yechiKristu, njiva chete inoreva the Mweya Wakachena, asi kana inoratidzwa nebazi remuorivhi, inova chiratidzo cherugare.
Chingwa newaini
Chingwa newaini chiratidzo chechiKristu icho Jesu zvakavapa kukosha kukuru, mukati memhemberero yechirairo chekupedzisira. Tenzi akapa vadzidzi vake zvokudya izvi, achitaura mamwe mashoko akazova izwi dzvene, uye anozorora mumagwaro a Vakorinde, 11: 24-25.
“Inwai mudye… uyu ndiye achatakurwa nemwi, muchiita izvi sechikomborero chinobva kwandiri. Tora uye unwe, uyu mukombe weropa rangu, unomiririra mukana mutsva wekuwana hupenyu husingaperi ". Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, zviratidzo zvechingwa newaini muviri neropa re Kristu. Chirevo ichi chinodzokororwa nemaKristu kuburikidza nemhemberero yeYukaristiya yega yega muruzhinji rweCatholic, kuitira kusimbisa shoko rakasiiwa nemudzikinuri wedu.
Peacock
Mukati meunyanzvi hwechiKristu, kududzirwa kwakasiyana kwakapiwa kukushandiswa kwechiratidzo chepikoko, zvisinei, chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechokumirira kusafa. Nenzira yakafanana, ngano yakasikwa yakapoteredza iyi mhuka yakaisvonaka kuti nyama yayo haina kuora kana yaurawa.
Uyewo "maziso" ari mukati memapapiro ayo makuru, aifananidzira ziso re Mwari anoona zvose. Imwe yedudziro yakatobatanidzwa nekumuka nekuda kwekuti minhenga yaro inoshanduka gore negore. Kune mimwe mifananidzo yaunogona kuona pikoko richinwa kubva mukapu, izvo zvinoreva tsime rehupenyu husingaperi.
Pelican
Pelican inomiririra chido che Kristu. Nyevedzi dzine basa rekudyisa vana vadzo uye zvinonzi makare padzaishaya hove dzaiita kuti dzikuvare kuti dzidye neropa.
Ichi chibairo cherudo chakafananidzwa nekupemberera chirairo apo kudyisa vanhu vechiKristu, muponesi wedu anotipa ropa rake kuti tinwe. Kune makereke ane mifananidzo yemapelican pambiru dzawo nekuda kweizvi.
Uye kuvhara iyi inonakidza musoro, tinokukoka iwe kuti uongorore mukati meblog redu, mamwe marudzi ezviratidzo zvinozivikanwa uye zvine chirevo chakakosha mukati menhoroondo yepasirese, senge Zviratidzo zveViking
