Mamiriro emagariro echiNahuatl tsika yeMupata weMexico, akaumbwa ne: Calpullis, Nobles, Priests nevamwe. Iyi kuumbwa kwenharaunda yavo uye zuva ravo chinhu chakakosha chidimbu chekunzwisisa tsika iyi; Ndosaka tichikukoka iwe kuti uzive kuti sei Social Organisation ye Nahuatl kuburikidza nechinyorwa ichi.
Sangano reSocial Organization reNahuatl
Kuti uzive kuti magariro evaNahuatl akanga akaita sei, zvinokosha kuziva zvishoma nezvedzinza iri. VaNahua rakanga riri boka romunzvimbomo rine vagari vemo vaidzora hafu yenharaunda inonzi Mupata weMexico, muuyu mupata wakapamhama nzanga dzeko dzakaungana, dzakadai se: vaOtomi vaigara munzvimbo dzerenje zvikuru, mumapurazi akapararira; Vakavaka dzimba dzavo nemashizha emuagave, uye vakazvitsigira nemabasa ekukohwa nekuvhima, pamusoro pezvo havana kusimudzira kurima nekuda kwevhu risingabereki renzvimbo yavo yekugara.
Ivava vaiwanzofamba mumisika yemaguta eNahua ari pedyo, uye vaiwanzoratidza zvipfeko uye nyora; Pasinei nokuti vaNahua vaitengeserana navo, vaivazvidza, ndiko kuti, vanhu vomumakomo omusango. Kwakanga kunewo vaMazahua, ivava vakanga vane nzira youpenyu yakafanana zvikuru neiyo yavaOtomi navaMatlazinca, vanoratidzika kuva vakapinzwa muupenyu hwomuguta mune mamwe mataundi munharaunda yeTepaneca.
Pakupedzisira, tinowana vaNahua avo vaiwanzowanikwa mumahombekombe enzizi, mumisha yemaguta uye panyika ine mikana iri nani yokurima, uko vakaisa michina yokudiridza yakaoma zvikuru; Saizvozvowo, maererano neanthropological and archaeological studies, zvakaratidzwa kuti aya aiva madzitateguru eMexicas kana Aztec.
Marudzi ose aya anogara muMupata weMexico aiva nechimwe chinhu chakafanana, mutauro wawo; Vose vakanga vane mabatirwo mamwe chetewo omutauro wechiNahuatl, mukuwedzera kuzvitendero zvavo uko vakanga vane pfungwa yokuti vose vakanga vasvika munyika dzeMexico kupfurikidza nokurayira kwoumwari.
Kutanga, vaNahuatl vaimiririrwa uye vachitungamirirwa nemunhu wekutanga akazivikanwa nezita reTlatoani, uyu ndiye aitonga uye aibata zvinhu zvose zvine chokuita nenharaunda yevaNahuatl, achipfuura neAltepetl, iyo yaiva nzvimbo yake pachake.
Sezvakangoita, muMupata weMexico uye nemamwe mapoka echivanhu aigara mudunhu reMesoamerican, kodzero yevagari vepasi kuti vave neminda yavo yairemekedzwa. VaTlatoani havana kuramba kodzero iyi, asi panzvimbo pacho vaida mimwe mitero kubva munharaunda dzaionekwa semubhadharo kuna mambo nokuda kwekudzivirirwa kwake uye nekutonga kwake kwerupo rwechitendero, mercantile uye kutonga nyaya dzeumambo.
Vanhu vaiumba nharaunda idzi vaiwanzorarama nehungwaru hwakakwana, izvi hazvina kuunza misiyano yakakura maererano nehupfumi munharaunda. Mapoka ose emhuri akaita basa rawo panyika yaienderana navo kuti vawane chouviri; uye pasi rose senzanga, nokushanda pamwe chete munyika dzenharaunda, vakagadzira zvakanga zvakakodzera kubhadhara mitero yeumambo, uyewo kupa mupiro kuhomwe yenharaunda.
Zviwanikwa izvi zvaiita kuti pave nemari yekubhadhara mari ine chekuita nemhemberero idzi pamwe chete netsika netsika dzaiitwa nenharaunda; Pamusoro pazvo, neizvi vaipa rubatsiro kuvanhu vasina pekugara kana kuti nezviwanikwa zvishoma kuti vararame zvakadai se: shirikadzi, nherera, nevamwe.
Munzvimbo dzinogarwa neNahuas muMupata weMexico, kwaive nemapoka aiita mabasa akadai sekuredza, kuvhima nekukohwa michero, musiyano unoitwa pakati pavo, nekuti mamwe mabasa, nekuda kwekuoma kwawo, aifanira kuve neayo zvizere. uye zvakasiyana; Neiyi nzira, pakanga paine mapoka akasiyana-siyana aibata hove, kuvhima shiri, kukohwa sora remugungwa, pakati pemamwe mabasa.
Vanhu vasina kurima ava vaienda kumisika kunochinjana kana kutengesa zvirimwa zvavo kuti vawane zvirimwa zvekurima kuti vawane raramo. Zvisinei, hazvina kunyatsojeka kuti vaibhadhara sei mitero kuumambo hwevaNahuatl uye kuti kodzero dzenzvimbo dzavaishandira dzakapiwa sei.
Chimwe chainyanyozivikanwa nesangano iri ndechekuti paive nevanhu vaizvipira kuita mabasa emaoko; semuenzaniso, pakanga paine nzvimbo dzine mapoka akasarudzika mukugadzira mabhegi ekumashure, kwaive nevagadziri vematengu, vaumbi vehari, pakati pevamwe. Nzvimbo ine pesvedzero huru yaive ye themantecah, vanhu vakanyorera kushanda neminhenga yemaplume, majasi uye matepi. Boka iri raiwanzoendesa chikamu chezvavanogadzira kumadhipatimendi ekwaigara mambo, nenzira iyi vaikwanisa kupihwa zvizere zvinhu zvavaida kuti vararame.
Vese vanhu vakaita chero chiitiko kana basa rataurwa pamusoro, vaive vakarongeka mumagariro echiNahuatl sezvizvi:
calpullis
Vanhu ava vaive nhengo dzaiumba nharaunda dzakazvipira kuita imwe mhando yezviitwa, ingave basa remuvhu, kuvhima, mabasa emaoko, pakati pezvimwe. Ivava vaivawo namwari anodzivirira, wavainamata kwaari uye vaimurumbidza maererano nebasa ravaiita, ava maererano navanamwari vavo vaichengeta tsika dzechitendero. Saizvozvowo, pfuma yaibudiswa neava yaifanira kutumira chikamu somutero womutero woumambo nevakuru, kuti vadzivirirwe nezvimwe zvakanaka.
Vanokudzwa
Aizivikanwawo saPilli, aya aive chikamu chedenderedzwa repedyo ramambo; uye vakazvitsaurira vamene kumabasa okutarisira oumambo. Mukuwedzera, vakaratidza kuva vanozivikanwa zvikuru uye vakatanhamara mukati menzanga yeNahuatl, uye kuti vazviratidzike zvikuru ivo vaiwanzopfeka zvipfeko zvedonje, dzimwe nguva majasi marefu, mhete nemipendero, uye maketani ane mabwe anokosha nesimbi; uyewo, vakanga vane maruramiro okuvimba nebetsero yavanhu vanoverengeka pabasa ravo, uye mudzimba dzavo umbozha hwaipenya kwose kwose.
Ava vakanga vasingabhadhari mutero, asi vaifarira mutero waibhadharwa nokuda kwebasa renzanga; uyezve, kuti pavaifanira kuenda kudare, vaibatwa zvakasiyana uye vaiwanzotongwa murudzi rwedare chairo.
Vapristi
Ivava vairangarirwa sorutivi rwavakuru, zvisinei, vakanga vasina betsero yokusabhadhara mutero, izvo Pillis akaita; saka, izvi parutivi vaifanira kubudisa kuitira kukanzura mabasa aitaurwa noumambo. Mukuwedzera, kuti vasiyanise nevanokudzwa, vaidikanirwa: kusapfeka zvipfeko zvorudzi rwedonje, kana kuti majasi. Ndosaka vakashandisa imwe mhando yefayibha kuzvipfeko zvavo, vaisakwanisa kushandisa zvishongedzo pamiviri yavo uye vaisakwanisa kutora chikamu muzvisarudzo zvekutonga zveumambo.
Ivavawo, vainamata vamwari uye naizvozvo vaitungamirira miitiro yorudzidziso nemiitiro, sechiratidzo chokutenda kuvamwari. Kazhinji mhando yezvibayiro zvaipiwa vanamwari zvaisanganisira: kuzvipa mireza kana kurega kuita zvepabonde; ava vaionekwa sevakachenjera kupfuura vamwe vose.
kuderedzwa
Vachionekwa semakororo munzanga, vaisabatanidzwa uye vaigara vachidzungaira usiku nemumaguta akasiyana etsika iyi.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Tevere, ruzivo rwune data rakakosha maererano nekubatana kwayo nemusoro wesocial sangano reNahuatl inotaurwa, izvi ndezvi:
- Nharaunda dzechiNahuatl dzakanga dziine vanhu vanoshanda munzanga vasingapiwi mitemo. Iyo tequio raive basa renharaunda iro munhu wese aiuraya achinzwira vamwe tsitsi, pasina kupihwa mhosva. Vanhu vasina kupa mupiro we tequio vakarangwa zvakakomba nezviremera.
- Mushure mekusvika kweSpanish the oTsika netsika dzechiNahuatl zvakachinjwa zvikuru.
- Iye zvino, vazukuru vevaNahuatl vanochengeta tsika dzavo senzanga dzinozvitonga, uye vanoedza kuchengetedza nhaka inokosha yetsika neunyanzvi yemadzitateguru avo.
Kana iwe wakawana chinyorwa ichi kubva kuSocial Organisation ye Nahuatl, tinokukoka iwe kuti unakidzwe nezvimwe izvi: