Miti inomiririra imwe yezvinonyanya kukwezva munyika, inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzepasi, kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze akasiyana, uye kuva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemarudzi; zvichiita kuti dzishandiswe sechikamu chekushongedza kwemisha, mapaki nemapindu, munyaya inotevera tichadzidza pamusoro peMiti inonyanya kufarirwa.
Ornamental Trees
Zvirimwa zvinomiririra dhaka remuriwo rinogovaniswa munzvimbo yese yepasi rinofukidza nyika, kugona kuchinjika kune akasiyana mamiriro ekunze, pamwe nekuva chikamu cheese ecosystems (magwenga, masango, masango, makomo, pakati pezvimwe). mira pachena kuva vatori vechikamu muchirongwa chebiochemical chinozivikanwa sephotosynthesis kuburikidza iyo iyo okisijeni inodiwa inowanikwa kune zvese zvipenyu zviri panyika.
Kukosha kwemarudzi emiti kuri mukubatsira kwavo kuchengetedza hupenyu papasi repasi, kugadzira mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yadzinoumbwa mairi, zvichipa runako uye ruvara munzvimbo dzese. Kuve pakati pezvinomera zvidiki, makwenzi nemiti mikuru, zvese zvinoumbwa nehunde, mashizha nemidzi inopararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi.
Muchiitiko ichi, miti inobata nemuti unonyanya kuumbwa nehuni yemhando yehuni inomira kunze, inowanzoparadzanisa mumatavi akawanda muchikamu chepamusoro, ine hurefu hwakakosha uye midzi yakakora inowedzera pasi. Vanomiririra chikamu chakakosha munzvimbo dzechisikigo, kuva mhuka dzinoita basa rekuumba okisijeni inofema nezvisikwa zvose zvipenyu mumhepo, kubatirana mukuderedza carbon dioxide, kudzivirira kukoromoka uye korona yayo yakakura inodzivirira nzvimbo kubva kune mamiriro ekunze.
Miti inomiririra chinhu chiripo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwemunhu, ichishandiswa seshongedzo yenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana semagadheni, nzira uye kunyangwe mune dzimwe dzimba, izvo zvakazove zvakakosha semhando dzekushongedza, zvinoenderana nezvirimwa zvinorimwa uye zvinotengeswa zvekushongedza. zvinangwa. , zvingave zvemaruva ayo, mashizha, madzinde uye magadzirirwo; Mukuwedzera, ivo vanomiririra chinhu chepanyama chinobatanidza vanhu nezvisikwa.
Iyo Inonyanya Kuzivikanwa Miti Yekushongedza
Sosaiti inogara ichifarira zvinhu zvinoshongedza hupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva, saka vanosarudza kushandisa miti iri chikamu chebindu ravo uye kuve chinhu chepakutanga sosi, kungave nekuda kwehukuru hwavo (hukuru kana hudiki), vane kugona kupa yakasarudzika nharaunda. uye yakanaka, kushandirapamwe mukupfumisa nekuganhura nzvimbo, mukuwedzera pakutarisisa mhando dzemaruva adzo anoyevedza uye shanduko huru yeruvara zvichienderana nenguva yegore, heano mamwe emhando dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzekushongedza miti:
mimosa
Iyo inozivikanwa nekuve yakanyanya kutsvakwa muti wekushongedza nenzanga, ine zita resainzi reAcacia Baileyana, imhando yerudzi kumaodzanyemba kweNew South Wales, iri kugoverwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi uye yakapararira munzvimbo dzeAustralia. Inonzi shrub, asi kune dzimwe dzinosvika mamita masere pakureba, ine mashizha akasvibira (haarasikirwe neruvara mukati megore), ruvara rwavo runowanzo girini grey, mukuwedzera kune kushamisa kwazvo. kumaruva adzo anoyevedza, ane ruvara rweyero isingaenzaniswi uye akaumbwa sepombi yakaita denderedzwa achishongedza zvakanyanya.
Inomiririra chirimwa chinoshingirira kutonhora, saka kazhinji chinoshingirira kuchekerera zvakanyanya. Zita rerudzi urwu rakapiwa mukukudza nyanzvi yemiti Frederick Manson Bailey, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi vauya kuzobvisa mhuka dzeko, vachionekwa sechipukanana chinokuvadza chenyika idzodzo.
Gumbo remombe
Gumbo reMhou, rinozivikanwawo seNzondo, rinomiririra muti une zita rekuti Bauhinia Forficata uye ndewemhuri yeFabaceae. Imhando yechirimwa yakapararira munzvimbo dzeLatin America, kunyanya muArgentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, San Juan, Misiones, pakati pevamwe), Brazil (Santa Catarina, Paraná), Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Cordillera), Mexico, Uruguay, Peru neColombia.
Muti unodonha (unokonzerwa nemwaka yakasiyana-siyana yegore) uchirasikirwa neruvara gore negore. Inogona kusvika kusvika mamita gumi pakureba, ine mashizha akareba ane chimwe chimiro uye inozivikanwa nokuda kwemaruva ayo akakurumbira anogona kuva nemuvara pakati pechena nepingi. Inoonekwa semhando inotsvakwa zvakanyanya yekushongedza mapindu madiki.
Jupiter muti
Muti weJupiter unozivikanwawo seIndia Lilac, Southern Lilac, Crepe kana Crepe-Myrtle; Iine zita resainzi reLagerstroemia Indica uye chikamu chemhuri yeLythraceae, inonziwo yakaberekerwa kuChina, Himalayas, India neJapan. Nekuda kwekuongorora kwakaitwa mukondinendi yeAsia, mhuka iyi yakapararira kuEurope neAmerica, ichive yakakurumbira semuti wekushongedza mudzimba zhinji.
Iwo muti unodonha (unokonzerwa nemwaka wakasiyana wegore), unoonekwa semhando diki ine anenge 8 metres pakureba, nekufamba kwenguva vanogona kukura zvakanyanya. Iine maruva mumhando yemaruva, hunhu hwemavara avo matsvuku, epingi uye machena, anoshamisa kwazvo, anoshamisira uye anowanzo kuoneka mumwaka wezhizha. Idzo dzinonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwemakwati ebrown uye maitiro akatsetseka. Mhando iyi yemiti yekushongedza inoonekwa zvakanyanya munzira dzemaguta, inogadzirisa nyore kune iyo ivhu mumaguta.
muti werudo
Muti wakakurumbira wekushongedza wemaruva ayo epingi, ine zita resainzi reCercis Siliquastrum uye ndeyemhuri yeLegume, inowanzozivikanwa se redbud, Loco Algarrobo kana Muti weJudhasi. Muti uyu unoratidzwa nekusvika mamita matanhatu pakureba asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka unogona kusvika kureba hukuru, unodonha (unokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze egore), hunde yawo inogadzirwa nematanda akatsetseka uye akajeka, kana vasvika pazera rakakura. inoshanduka kuva dema uye tortuous.
Inopa maruva, maruva ayo ndiwo anokwezva zvikuru, achiuya kuzounganidzwa mumasumbu, iwo mahermaphrodites (kuvapo kwevaviri varume) saka vanogona kubereka ivo pachavo. Zvibereko zvaro maruva ane hukuru hwemamirimita maviri, ane tsvuku kusvika kune yakasviba ruvara (zvichienderana nekukura kwavo), anoibva munguva yezhizha munaJuly uye anoramba ari pamuti kusvikira anotevera maruva. Mhando yemhando iyi inoonekwa zvakanyanya mumagadheni emaguta nemapaki.
Rowan weVavhimi
Serbal de los Cazadores inozivikanwa semhando yekushongedza inozivikanwa seAzarollo, muti unodonha (zvipenyu zvinokanganiswa nemwaka wegore), ndeyemhuri yeRosaceae uye zita rayo resainzi ndiSorbus Folgneri. Inowanikwa kuAsia kondinendi, kunyanya South China. Iine hunde gobvu ine bark inosiyana ruvara rwayo zvichienderana nehunyoro, kazhinji ine greyish uye greenish hue (kunaya kwemamiriro ekunze).
Imhando yemhando yakaturika ine maruva anoyevedza zvikuru aripo mumwaka wechirimo, ane chimiro chiduku, ruvara ruchena uye kunhuhwirira kukuru; kazhinji yakakomberedzwa nemarudzi anotakura mukume. Chimwe chinokwezva kwayo michero yayo mabheri matsvuku anowanzo kudyiswa neshiri dziri pedyo. Inomiririra muti uri nyore kwazvo kukura uye unoramba, ndosaka uchitsvakwa kune zvekubika.
Iron Tree
Inomiririra rudzi rwemuti wemhuri yeHamamelidaceae, ine zita resainzi reParrotia Persica uye imhando yemhando (inopesvedzerwa nemwaka wakasiyana-siyana wegore). Pakutanga kubva kumasango ari kumaodzanyemba kweCaspian kuchamhembe kweIran, zvinotendwa kuti munguva dzekare yakagoverwa muEuropean continent, kunyanya muIberian Peninsula, izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvidzidzo zvefossil zviri kuwanikwa mumakomo akasiyana uye mumakomo. deposits yezone.
Makwenzi ane deciduous anogona kusvika anosvika 12 metres pakureba uye 70 centimita muhupamhi, ane chimiro chakapamhama uye ane matavi echipiri hunde, zvichiita kuti itore nzvimbo huru. Mimvuri yemakwati ayo ari pakati pedema, grey uye pink. Mucherechedzo wayo mukuru weziso unouya kuzotumbuka mumwaka wechando, nemaruva ehukuru hudiki, tsvuku uye orenji.
canada maple
Imhando yakakurumbira ine mazita akasiyana akadai seAmerican maple maple, Virginia mepu, Canada mepu, inoonekwa seimwe yemhando dzakapararira munzvimbo yese yeNorth America, kunyanya muLake of the Woods muMinnesota, kumabvazuva kweNewfoundland. pedyo neMiami kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweTexas kunewo mhuka dziri munzvimbo yeMexico. Yakanyanya kufarirwa kurimwa mumapaki nemagadheni uye nekuda kwekudya kwayo (sap), ndosaka maple syrup inotorwa kubva mairi.
Inoumbwa nemuti wakaoma saka unowanzo tumbuka pane imwe nguva yegore, inoshamisa zvikuru nekuti inotsvuka uye mashizha awo anotsvuka mumatsutso. Inosvika pakakwirira, ingangoita 20 metres kureba, ine columnar uye yakasimba kwazvo. Imhando inoonekwa zvakanyanya mumagadheni emisha yeNorth America, kunyanya munzvimbo idzo dzine mwaka wakasarudzika, sezvo mashizha ayo makuru, emichindwe achimiririra kukwezva kukuru nekuda kwekushanduka kweruvara kubva kutsvuku, orenji, uye yero mumatsutso. asi akasara ari mutema mumwedzi iwoyo.
Codeso yeAlps
Muti unonyatsozivikanwa nemaruva awo eyero, ndeyemhuri yeFabaceas uye zita rayo resainzi ndiLaburnum Alpinum. Imhando inokonzerwa nemwaka yegore, inorasikirwa nemashizha uye ruvara panguva dzakasiyana. Native pakati uye kumaodzanyemba kweEuropean kondinendi, yakakurumbira munzvimbo idzodzo kuratidza maruva makuru yeyero, achionekwa zvakanyanya semhando yekushongedza.
Inosvika pamamita matanhatu pakureba uye ine dhayamita yakada kufanana, hunde yayo ine greyish bark uye inowanzove yakanyanyisa branched kubva pachigadziko; Mumukombe wayo, mashizha anowana ruvara rwakasvibirira uye maruva ayo anoshamisa zvikuru nokuti ane ruvara rweyero uye kunhuhwirira kwakasimba, inflorescence yayo iri munguva yechirimo kusvika kuzhizha.
juglans
Iyo Juglans inoonekwa seimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa ekushongedza marudzi muAsia kondinendi, kunyanya mudunhu rekumabvazuva uko kunowanikwa China, kumabvazuva kweRussia neKorea Peninsula. Iro zita resainzi ndiJuglans Madshurica uye ndeyemhuri yeJuglandaceae. Yakakurumbira nokuda kwechimiro chayo chakakora uye chakasimba uye nemapazi kubva pachigadziko, ichichipa iyo ethereal uye yakasarudzika maitiro.
Iyi mhuka ine kukurumidza kukura, inogona kuyera kusvika mamita makumi maviri nemashanu pakureba uye hupamhi hwayo huduku zvikuru, mashizha ayo anochinjana ne 25 kusvika ku 40 centimita kureba neine serrated kana serrulate margin, ichipa iyo yakanyatsozivikanwa uye yakafara korona. Maruva ayo ane kurembera kweanenge 90 kusvika 9 centimita kureba uye anonatswa nemhepo (sexual method) uye michero yawo inoonekwa mumwaka wetsutso (Nyamavhuvhu - Gumiguru) nechimiro chegoko rakasvibira rakakora kwazvo, riri kurwisa zvakanyanya. kunzvimbo dzinotonhora.
sirivheri willow
Inoumbwa nemuti wemhuri yeSalicaceae apo zita rayo resainzi rinonzi Salix Alba Sericea, inoonekwa seyakaberekerwa kuRussia uye imhando inorasikirwa neruvara rwegirinhi mune imwe mwaka yegore (inodonha). Parizvino inoonekwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadzikama dzepakati uye kumaodzanyemba kweEuropean continent, muNorth Africa neWest Asia, kune mamwe marudzi muAmerican continent, kunyanya kuNorth America.
Sirivheri willow inoyera pakati pemamita makumi mana mumamiriro chaiwo asi kune mamwe marudzi akareba mamita makumi maviri nemashanu. Chimiro chayo chikuru mashizha ayo esirivha uye egirinhi, ane chimiro chesilika uye anoyera pakati pemasendimita mashanu kusvika gumi nemaviri. Maruva ayo ane cylindrical shape anouya kuzotumbuka muchirimo.
Korean maple
Iyo mepu yeKorea, inozivikanwawo sePseudosieboldianum Maple, inofananidzira kuve mhuka diki inoonekwa mumapaki emaguta makuru uye izvi zvinokonzerwa nekunaka kwayo kukuru. Iine mashizha akakomberedzwa ane chimiro chakafanana neJapan maple, sezvo inoramba ichikura mashizha ane chifukidziro chena achionekwa uye pakarepo maruva eruvara rweyero kusvika awana ruvara rweorenji, zvese izvi munguva yechirimo.
Pakati pemwaka wekudonha mashizha ayo anochinja ruvara kubva kune yakasviba zvakanyanya kusvika kune orenji uye matsvuku mavara. Imhando yemuti mudiki asi inotsvakwa zvakanyanya kushongedza magadheni edzimba dzeAsia.
hop tree
Imhando yerudzi rwemhuri yeRutaceae uye ine zita resainzi rePtelea Trifoliata, pamusoro pekuzivikanwa seHoptree. Irwo rudzi rwemuti wakaberekerwa kuAmerica kondinendi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzeNorth America uye muCentral America. Iri pedyo nenzizi nemabhangi uye izvi zvinonzi zvinokonzerwa nekukura kwayo kukuru kunoda kuvepo kwevhu rakaorera uye rakanyorova.
Iine hunde yakakora uye dhizaini yakafara kwazvo, mitsetse yayo yakatetepa uye yakafukidzwa neyakasvibira bark, mashizha ayo ane mavara anochinjana pakati pematavi nemashizha ayo mumhando dzakasiyana dzeyero. Munguva yechirimo inoburitsa maruva machena uye egirinhi mukuwedzera pakuve nekunhuhwirira kwakasiyana-siyana, kukwezva mashavishavi nenyuchi dzinodzisvibisa. Zvibereko zvaro zvinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira doro, kuve izvo zvakatamiswa nevekutanga colonizer.
Privetrum
Iyo Ligustrum inozivikanwawo sePrivet, Ligustro kana Alheña inomiririra rudzi rwemhuri yeOleaceae, zita rayo resainzi ndiLigustrum Delavayanum. Pakutanga kubva kuAsia kondinendi, kunyanya kuChina, ichisvika kunyika dzakaita seUruguay neArgentina, zvekusvika pakuonekwa sedzinopinda nekukura zvega mumasango uye nekubvisa maruva enzvimbo iyi.
Imhando yemuti usingaperi, saka inochengetedza ruvara rwegirinhi uye mashizha gore rose, ichikura kusvika pamamita masere kureba uye kune kunyange mienzaniso inosvika gumi neshanu metres. Mashizha ayo ane ruvara rwakasvibira rwegirinhi uye akareba masendimita gumi nemashanu uye 15 masendimita yakafara, nepo michero yawo ine globose dema uye rima rebhuruu mabheri, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumishonga yechivanhu pakurapa kuneta uye tinnitus.
Catalpa Hyrida Purpurea
Inoumbwa nemuti muduku unorimwa semhando yekushongedza, mune dzimwe nguva inofungidzirwa segwenzi. Inowanikwa kuNorth America, ndeyemhuri yeBignoniaceae uye inozivikanwawo seCatpa x Erubescens, ichionekwa seyakasanganiswa yepakati nepakati ine globose uye kukura kwebazi. Imhando inosvika 8 metres kureba, ine hunde gobvu, grey-brown.
Chinonyanya kukwezva mashizha ayo makuru akaita semwoyo, ine ruvara rwakasvibira rwakasvibira pavanenge vakura uye ine ruvara rwepepuru inopenya pavanenge vari mashizha maduku, yakasiyana zvikuru nekushanduka kwemavara mumwaka yakasiyana-siyana yegore.
Plum Leaf Apple Muti
Iyo inozivikanwawo seMalus Prunifolia, imhando yeRosaceae uye inozvarwa kuChina uye nekufamba kwenguva yakapararira kumatunhu akasiyana epasi, inowanikwa munzvimbo dzine hurefu hunosvika 1300 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Inogona kusvika mamita masere pakureba, ine maruva machena maduku uye muchirimo inopa muchero mutsvuku kana weyero. Munguva pfupi yapfuura yave yakakurumbira semudzi wemidzi munzanga.
Tinovimba kuti chinyorwa ichi chabatsira, tinokusiira vamwe vanozonyatsokufarira:
Migumisiro Yekusvibiswa Kwegungwa