La Atmosphere Nyika Idense gaseous layer inovhara nyika yepasi iyo inoumbwa nemamwe magasi, izvi zvinoita kuti dzvinyiriro isiyane. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuparara kwemameteorite kuburikidza nekukwesha kwazvinoitwa pakati pemeteorite nemhepo yepasi painopinda pasi. The Earth's Atmosphere haisi chimwe chinhu kunze kwekuunganidzwa kwemagasi atinodaidza kuti "Mhepo" uye inoumbwa necarbon dioxide muchikamu chidiki, oxygen nenitrogen.
La mhepo basa Sezvo zvakadaro, ndeyekupa oxygen kune zvose zvinomiririra hupenyu pasi pano kuitira kuti chiito chekufema pakusununguka chigone kuvapo, pasinei nokuti inongova ne21% oksijeni. Mhepo yepasi inobvumira kupinda kwechiedza icho chakanyanya kukosha pakukura kwakakodzera kwezvirimwa, izvo kuburikidza nemaitiro ephotosynthesis zvinogona kuunza hupenyu kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kweokisijeni, kuunza hupenyu kune zvese zvinofema.
Chimwe chezvikamu zvakakwana zvemhepo yemhepo ihelium, iyo inobvumira imwe mhando yekudzikama mukubhururuka, pamusoro pemamwe nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzedenga, nekuda kwegasi rayo guru rakakomberedzwa. Muenzaniso unonzwisisika kana unooneka ndeapo mabharuni ehelium anokwira kudenga, nekuda kwechiitiko ichi, kune akasiyana ezvivakwa izvi. hunhu gasi remumhepo.
Chinhu chakakosha zvikuru pamusoro pevhu repasi ndechekuti rinopa simba guru kuburikidza nechikamu chenitrogen, chinoita kuti mineral rich ivhu kuwana zvirimwa, mhuka uye zvisikwa zvipenyu zvinogona kuva nenzira yekudyisa.
Tinokurudzirawo kuti uverenge . . . MAGALAXI, MAFOMU AWO AKANAKA NEZVINONYANYA ZVINONYANYA KUDA KUDA..
Zvikamu zvitatu zvePasi yePasi.
Chikamu Nhamba 1: Nitrogen.
Semusanganiswa mukuru tine nitrogen, nei? Nekuti ndicho chikamu chine chikamu chepamusoro-soro mumhepo yepasi, iine 79% yenitrogen yedu. mhepo.
Nitrogen muPasi Panyika uye muhupenyu hwedu inoita basa rakakosha, kubvira kuburikidza yekuunganidzwa kwemagasi kuti tinozviti mhepo yakaipa, iyi inotarisira kuburikidza nemhepo, kuti miti nemhuka dzinowana nitrogen inodiwa, asi kwete zvakananga.
Iyo nitrogen iri mukuunganidzwa kwezvikamu (mhepo), inopa pasi kana ivhu zvicherwa zvinogadzira. zvinomera zvinoshandura nitrogen kuva mapuroteni ezvokudya zvemhuka uye nokudaro zvinovapa zvokudya.
Izvi zvichaita kuti mhuka dzakawanda dzibatsirwe uye ndizvo zvatinoitawo, uye chechipiri, zvirimwa zvinogadzira oxygen, kutenderera pakati pezvisikwa zvipenyu uye zvakatipoteredza zvinodaidzwa. kutenderera kwenitrogen.
Chikamu Chechipiri: Okisijeni.
Semukomboni wechipiri uripo muTerestrial Atmosphere yedu tine oxygen, sezvo ine 21% mumhepo, nokudaro ichipa hupenyu kupasi.
Okisijeni iyi iripo mumhepo yePasi inopedzwa nemhuka, zvirimwa uye zvipenyu. mumwe wevagadziri okisijeni kumhepo yedu, Ndidzo zvirimwa kubva zvadzinoita kuchinjanisa gasi kuburikidza nephotosynthesis, nokudaro zvichiita kuti Mukati meNyika yedu ive neokisijeni kuitira kuti mhuka nezvisikwa zvipenyu zvive nehupenyu panyika, uye yakabuda kwezviuru zvezviuru zvemakore.
Mukurusa mugadziri we photosynthesis iyo inopa okisijeni mumhepo yePasi ndeye algae, cyanobacteria nemiti uye maererano nezvidzidzo, chipenyu chekutanga chakatanga nekugadzirwa kweokisijeni yaive cyanobacteria kuburikidza nephotosynthesis, ichikwanisa kupa 21% okisijeni kumhepo yedu.
Tinokurudzirawo kuti uverenge . . . NYAYA YENYEDZI, KUTENDA KANA KUTI SAINZI? A DABATE KUBVA PAKUTANGA NGUVA.
Cyanobacteria zviuru zvemakore zvakapfuura zvakapindirana nemamiriro ekunze, nokuda kwekugadzirwa kweokisijeni, panguva iyoyo pakanga pane nhamba shoma yemiti, nokuti cyanobacteria yakawedzera kuitira kuti oxidation yeO2 irege kuitika uye yakawanda yakawanda yeokisijeni yakabudiswa. okisijeni yemhepo uye yemhepo zvisikwa zvipenyu, nebetsero yemiti mishomanene zvikuru yakanga ichizadzika basa rayo sephotosynthetic.
Chikamu chetatu: Carbon Dioxide (CO3)
Komboni yechitatu ine chikamu chakaderera kwazvo, saka pachiyero chemisanganiswa mitatu iyi ndiyo yakaderera uye ine 0,04% CO2. Iyo CO2 inotarisira chengetedza tembiricha yeAtmosphere yePasi redu, kunyangwe ichiwanikwa muhuwandu hudiki, yakakosha zvikuru. Zvirimwa zvakare zvinobatsira kubva kuCO2 sezvo zvichivimba nesimba rezuva kuti riite basa razvo, kubva kucarbon dioxide zvirimwa zvinogadzira mvura nemacarbohydrates kuburikidza nephotosynthesis.
Parizvino magasi eMutimu wenyika yedu ashanduka uye munguva yedu, zvinhu zvitatu zvinoiumba zvinosvika pachikamu che99,90% cheEarth's Atmosphere yedu, iyo masayendisiti akaita zvidzidzo nemishonga yakaita se. argon uye nitrogen vakadzingwa vakananga kumhepo yeNyika uko kwayakagadzikana.
Oxygen ichiripo, zviuru zvemakore apfuura apo zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvichitanga panyika, cyanobacteria yaiva imwe kutanga microorganisms mukugadzira oxygen.
Paive nekashoma uye oxygen yakasanganiswa ne iron yakaburitsa oxidation, pakange paine kushomeka kweoxygen, patakaona matombo e sedimentary taiona kuti kune oxygen yakawandisa, izvi ndizvo zvatinoona nhasi, sedimentary rocks zvinoreva. kuti kune huwandu hwakawanda hweokisijeni iripo. Munyika yedu yePasi, ine zvimwe zvikamu zvandichakutsanangurira pazasi uye zvinoenderana nezvavo mhepo yemhepo zvakare.
Zvikamu gumi Zvinokoshawo Kunzvimbo yePasi
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- Iodine: 127,0.
- Krypton: 84,0.
- Hydrogen: 21,0.
- Helium: 4,0.
- Xenon: 130,3.
- Carbon dioxide: 45,0.
- Ozone: 49,0.
- Methane: 17,0.
- Neon: 21,2.
- Radon: 223,0.
Izvi zvinokwana zvikamu zvinoumba Nyika yeAtmosphere uye gasi rayo rinoita kuti rive gobvu uye rigadzikane, kuitira kuti zvipenyu, tupukanana uye zvipenyu zvirarame uye zvizadzikise chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvaro, nekuti chimwe nechimwe chikamu chinoita kuti chibatsire chero kwaari. kutenderera kwe nitrogen, kuitira kuti zvinomera zvikwanise kuita photosynthesis uye kubudisa oxygen.
Kungoti isu vanhu tinobatsirwa nemhuka dzatinodya, sezvo imwe yenyama yacho imombe (mombe) dzinodya huswa uye huswa kudya neprotein kuti zvirimwa zvine kutenda kunitrogen uye pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira isu vanhu paupenyu hwedu.
Chimwe Chakavanzika ChePasi Panyika.
Muna 2010, kuferefetwa kwekudonha kwepasi kwemuchadenga kwakaitwa nevatsvakurudzi vakatsigirwa neNASA, hachisi chimwe chinhu uye hapana chimwe kunze kwekudonha kwemhepo inonzi ionosphere, izvo zvakakonzera ultraviolet mwaranzi uye gamma mwaranzi zvichibva kuzuva zvichapfuura nemuchadenga chenyika, nekuda kwekuparara uku.
Izvi zvakaitika kubvira 2008, kazhinji mhepo yePasi inowanikwa kuburikidza nechikamu yeCarbon Dioxide kuchengetedza tembiricha, kana pane kuderera kwebasa rezuva, mhepo inotonhora, saka usiku hunotonhora.
Zvakare iyo meteorites uye satellites anogona kuva chigadzirwa kubvaruka uye kuparara kwemhepo yePasi sezvo kuburikidza neizvi maranzi ezuva anoshandurwa kuita mwaranzi iyo inokwanisa kupinda zviri nyore.
Tinokurudzirawo kuti uverenge . . . THE CONSTELLATIONS: CHAKAVANZIKA CHAKAVANZIKA CHENYEREDZI MUNZIRA YEDU YEMAKAKA.
Ndicho chikonzero thermosphere (ionosphere) inokonzera ionize magasi, Nenzira iyi, zvidimbu zvidiki zvinowanikwa muchikamu ichi zvinotora rimwe basa resimba asi husiku, iro rawakanyatsoona sezvo richinzi auroras, uye rinogona kuonekwa usiku.
Asi chatinonyanya kutarisa ndechekuti izvi denga rinonzi thermosphere, Iine maX-ray, gamma rays uye ultraviolet rays uye zvakaitika ndezvekuti pakadhirika, mamwe emwaranzi aya akapfuura, izvo zvakaita kuti thermosphere iwedzere kupisa zvakapetwa kaviri uye nokudaro yakakwanisa kupfuudza mamwe egamma uye ultraviolet mwaranzi, iyo. Izvozvo hazvina hutano kumunhu chero upi zvake. Uye kuti radioactivity iyi inogona kukonzera shanduko muvanhu, gomarara pakati pezvimwe zvirwere.