Matanda anga ari iwo emhando yepamusoro kubva kare kare pakuvaka dzimba, fenicha, chekufambisa, matoyi uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvakavandudza hupenyu hwevanhu. Ichi chinhu chinokudzwa uye chakanaka icho, zvichienderana nemhando yemiti, ichapa marudzi akasiyana ehuni. Ndinokukoka iwe kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvazvo.
Matanda
Kushandiswa kweHuni kwakagadziriswa nekupokana kwayo, kuoma, kusununguka, kuchengetedza uye kusimba, zvichibvumira kuti ive yakasvibiswa yekushandiswa mumapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana akadai se: kuvaka kwepasi, mapaneru uye canopies. Zvakare, fenicha dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushongedza kwemukati, senge: akavakirwa-mukati mawadhiropu, matafura, mibhedha, masherufu, kicheni fenicha, magonhi, uye imwe fenicha uye zvishongo zvinopindirana nekushongedza uye kumira kunze munzvimbo yega yega yavanoisirwa.
Idzo Mhando dzehuni dzakarongedzerwa kana kurongeka mumapoka makuru maviri, aya ari: "matanda akapfava nematanda akaoma". Muboka reMarudzi eSoft Woods, kune: misidhari, pine uye fir, pakati pevamwe. Kune rumwe rutivi, boka rematanda akaoma rinosanganisira: walnut, oak, cherry uye beech tree wood.
Kunze kweaya maitiro uye kupatsanurwa, kune mamwe mapeculiarities anosiyana kune imwe neimwe mhando yehuni. Izvi zvinonyanya uye zvakasiyana nuances ndezvi: ruvara rwehuni, mapfundo anawo, tsinga; maitiro anobvumira kusarudza rudzi rwehuni maererano nekuravira uye zvinodiwa zverudzi rwefenicha kana chimiro chaunoda kugadzira.
Hunde inoumba hunde yemiti yakawanda. Kuumbwa kwehuni kunobva pane cellulose fibers uye lignin. Kubva kare kare yave ichishandiswa sechinhu chakabikwa pakuvaka zvombo. Zvadaro, payakashandiswa pamwe chete nesimbi, yakawedzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakashanda kuvandudza mararamiro evarume, zvingava: zvikepe, zvingoro, fenicha, dzimba, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira.
Munhu akaashandisawo sehuni inogona kutsva, inonzi huni, inoshandiswa kugadzira kupisa, moto uye chiedza. Saizvozvowo, inogadziriswa inogadzirwa kugadzira pulp yebepa. Kuti uwane huni kubva pamiti, matanho akawanda anofanira kuzadzikiswa, ndeaya: 1. Tema muti; 2. Kuparadzanisa hunde kubva pamatavi uye hunde kubva pahunde kana huni; 3. Cheka trunk uye 4. Kuparadzanisa huni uye kuoma kana kuderedza mvura.
Mhando dzehuni
Kusiyana kwehuni kunotarirwa nemhando dzemiti. Kurongeka kunonyanya kushandiswa kuratidza Rudzi rwehuni kunogadziriswa nekuoma kwehuni, iyo, sezvakamboratidzwa, inovaisa mumapoka maviri makuru: softwoods uye hardwoods. Kare, varume vaishandisa danda rakaoma kugadzira matemo. Nepo huni hwakapfava hwaishandiswa kugadzira matanda kana matanda.
matanda akaoma
Miti inokura zvishoma nezvishoma inobereka matanda ane denser stem kana huni hunopesana nemamiriro ekunze kupfuura softwood. Vanamazvikokota vemasango vakasarudza kuti mizhinji yemiti yemiti yakaoma miti yakasvibirira uye shoma shoma inogara yakasvibira, iwo marudzi ane maitiro anononoka ekukura anogona kutora kunyange mazana emakore kuti asvike.
Miti yakaoma inodhura kudarika softwoods nekuda kwekukura kunonoka kwemiti kubva kune iyo yakaoma inokohwa, iyo inowedzera mari yayo. Nemhando iyi yehuni, fenicha, matanda, dzimba, kuvezwa kwematanda kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvinoda kusagadzikana, huni hwakasimba, hunhu hwehuni hwebeech, teak, hornbeam, lapacho, maple, walnut, oak nezvimwe. Chestnut huni ndeyekuoma kwepakati, saka inogona kuiswa muboka iri rezvipenyu nematanda akaoma.
Matanda akapfava
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemaconifers nemamwe marudzi emiti anokurumidza kukura ndivo vanogadzira softwood. Nekuti zviri nyore kuwana, mitengo ye softwood yakachipa. Iyi softwood haina kusimba kudarika hardwood. Huni iyi iri nyore kubata asi ine dambudziko rekutsemuka. Iine zviyo zvishoma pane matanda akaoma, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvishoma uye semugumisiro kazhinji unofanirwa kuve wakapendwa, varnished kana kusvibiswa. Mhando dzepaini, birch, poplar, balsa, cypress nevamwe. Chestnut huni ndeyekuoma kwepakati uye inogona kushandiswa sehuni nyoro.
Tree Species
Pazasi pane mazita uye maitiro emhando dzakasiyana dzemiti, iyo huni kana tsinde inowira mune runyorwa rwe hardwood uye softwood zvikamu. Pakati pemhando dze softwood pane Pine, Fir, uye Cedar. Pakati pemazita ehuni yakaoma Maple, Beech, Mahogany, Teak, pakati pevamwe.
The Fir
Iyo huni yeFir tree ndeyemhando ye softwood, inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana muCentral neEastern Europe, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi inowanikwa nyore nyore munyika dzakadai seSpain. Chimiro chehuni iyi chiedza chayo chine yellowish chichena ruvara, ihwo huni huri nyore kubata. Fir huni inoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha, zviridzwa zvemimhanzi uye mukuvaka kugadzira magonhi nemahwindo, inoratidzirwa nekupokana kwayo kwakanyanya kune humidity.
Pine
Pine huni yakapfava, pamwe chete nemamwe maconifers. Nemhaka yokuti matanda akapfava zvikuru, ari nyore kubata uye anoshandiswa kugadzira zvivezwa. Mipaini ndeimwe yematanda akachipa anowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka. Parizvino, matanda akawanda akapfava anodaidzwa nezita rekuti "pine", kana akaiswa chisimbiso anowana huchi-ruvara toni. Ihuni iri nyore kushandisa uye magadzirirwo ayo akaenzana, nekuda kweizvi ihuni iyo nyanzvi dzekuveza dzinofarira zvakanyanya kugadzira fenicha, mapaneru uye moldings.
matanda emisidhari
Kubva pamisidhari rudzi rwe softwood runowanikwa. Mhando dzakawanda dzemisidhari dzine huni dzakatsvuka-ruvara, huni dzayo dzine kunhuhwirira kuduku, dzinenge dzakapfava mukuwirirana, uye dzine tsanga dzakatwasuka. Kumavirazuva tsvuku yemisidhari yemisidhari inopa huni yakatsvakwa zvikuru yekugadzira fenicha uye zvinhu zvekushandisa kunze, sezvo inopesana nekunyorova pasina kuora. Ihuni husingadhuri hunoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha yemubindu.
maple huni
Maple muti huni inowira pasi peboka rehuni. Ihuni hunogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, ruvara rwayo rwakareruka uye inzwi rayo rinogona kubva kubva kuchena kusvika kune yero uye pink toni. Kunyangwe ichiwira muchikamu chehuni, huni hwayo ndeyehukukutu hwepakati uye haigare kwenguva refu, zvisinei, inoshandiswa pakuvaka uye zvakare kugadzira fenicha nezviridzwa zvemimhanzi. Huni dzayo hadzina kunzi dzakakosha mumusika wehuni.
beche huni
Muti webeche une huni yakaoma kwazvo. Uyu muti unoparadzirwa muEurope yose uye uri nyore kuwana muSpain. Ruvara rwehuni rwayo rwakatsvuka uye sezvainokura inova yakasviba. Kunyangwe iri danda rakaoma kwazvo, rinogoneka, rinoshandiswa kugadzira zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, uye kune marudzi ese efenicha. Ihuni yakasimba chaizvo.
Huni huni
Muti uyu unobva kuEuropean continent unogona kuwanikwawo kune dzimwe nyika dzeAmerica.Une huni hwakanaka kwazvo hwehuni, zvisinei, haunzi unokosha. Ruvara rwayo rwakatsvuka, huni dzayo dzinonyatso shingirira kuvhunduka nekukotama. Ihuni hunoshandiswa kuvaka zvivako zvekutsigira, inowanzoshandiswa kumasuo emukati. Iine hunhu hwekuva neshinda dzakatwasuka uye mapfundo ayo akafanana nemeso echikwari.
Walnut inodhura
Kuva huni inowira muboka rakaoma, inodhura zvikuru. Huni iyi inoshamisa uye ine hunhu hwetsinga. Muvara wehuni dzayo wakasviba nepepuru hue, huni hwayo nekuda kwekuoma kwayo inopesana nekuputika, kuputika uye yakanyanya kusimba, saka yakakodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana. Iri huni rinoshandiswa kugadzira fenicha, zvivharo zvemadziro, pasi, magonhi, zvishongo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinhu zvakashandurwa nezvimwe.
Muouki
Iyi huni yakaoma inowanikwa nemucheka mutsvuku uye muchena. Huni idzi dzinowanikwa zviri nyore muSpain uye dzinofarirwa zvakanyanya nekuve imwe yematanda akaomarara anowanikwa pamusika. Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakaoma kubata nekushanda, ihuni rakanaka kwazvo uye rinoyevedza rine hupfumi hwepamusoro mumusika. Iri huni rinoshandiswa pakuvaka fenicha yakasarudzika, mapuranga emadziro emadziro uye pasi.
Mahogany huni
Muti we mahogany unowanikwa kuAmerica uye huni hwayo hwakatanga kufarirwa nevaEurope panguva yekukundwa kweNyika Itsva. Ihuni hunoshandiswa pakugadzira mahogany furniture, ruvara rwehuni urwu rwakatsvuka kusvika kune tsvuku tsvuku. Ihwo huni hwakaoma, hunopesana nehuni, hune zviyo zvakanaka, ihuni yakaoma uye yakanaka kushanda nayo uye inokosheswa zvikuru nevanogadzirisa makabati. Huni dzayo dzinoshandiswa kugadzira pasi, fenicha, zvinhu zvekushongedza zvemukati.
The Teca
Teki inokosheswa zvakanyanya hardwood pakati pevavezi, ruvara rwayo ihuchi yero ine yunifomu yemhando uye zvishoma zviyo. Kana yakavhenekerwa nechiedza inosviba zvishoma, ichitora ruvara rwebrown yakadzika, iyo yakanaka kwazvo uye inoda vanhu. Huni iyi inoshingirira kuora, tumbuyu uye iri nyore kubata uye ine kupera kwakatsetseka. Ihuni yakakodzera kugadzira fenicha, zvivakwa zvinotakura zvinhu, zvinopikisa kuvhunduka nekukotama.
Kana iwe uchida kuenderera mberi nekudzidza nezve zvakasikwa, ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge zvinotevera zvinyorwa:
- Maitiro ekutarisira pasi
- Low sango
- mvura yegungwa