Butterflies zvipembenene zvidiki zvinobhururuka zvatinogara tichiona zvakatenderedza mapindu edu, asi mubvunzo unokosha ndewemararamiro avo uye kudya kwavo. Saka munyaya ino tichakuudza izvo butterflies anodya uye zvishoma pamusoro pavo pamwero mukuru, usarega kuiverenga!
Chii chinonzi Butterflies?
Chokutanga pane zvose, tinofanira kupa murayiridzo mupfupi pamusoro pemashavishavi pamwero mukuru, zvakadai semaitiro avo, morphology yavo, kwaanogara kwenguva refu kana tichida kuwedzera kusimbisa ruzivo rwedu rwekutanga pamusoro pavo.
Butterflies zvipembenene holometabolous izvo zvinonakidzwa nenhamba yakawanda yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, nhamba yavo inosanganisira zvinopfuura 165000 marudzi akasiyana-siyana pasi rose, ane mavara akasiyana-siyana uye magadzirirwo pamapapiro azvo, izvo zvinovaratidza sevari kurova vanhu vakawanda.
Zvipembenene izvi zvine mapapiro azere nemakero ane mavara akasiyana uye marudzi ekugadzira, mapapiro haasi kungozadzisa basa rekusimudza iyi tupukanana, anozadzisawo basa rekupa zviratidzo zvekutaurirana sekupfimbana. Butterflies ine hunde yakaita spiral iyo inoshandiswa mukumesa maruva.
Butterflies vane exoskeleton uye muviri wavo wakakamurwa kuita thorax, dumbu uye musoro, kusiyana nemapapiro avo, muviri wemashavishavi wakafukidzwa nemvere diki dzinenge dzisingaonekwe nekuda kwekupfava uye kunetseka kwadziri.
Varume panguva yekusvirana vanoburitsa huwandu hwe pheromone hwavanotenderedza hadzi panguva yekusangana. Butterflies vanozvarwa kubva muzai rinobuda gonye kana gonye, iro rinozova mhumhu uye rinozova munhu mukuru.
Mabutterflies anowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinodziya nekuti ane ropa rinotonhora, kunyangwe achiwanikwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kutonhora zvakanyanya, haafe akaonekwa muAntarctica kana mugwenga nekuti zvinomera hazvikure munzvimbo idzodzo saka hadzisi nzvimbo dzinokwanisika dzekugara.
Kune mapoka maviri emashavishavi akakamurwa kuita diurnal uye nocturnal, aya anogona kusiyaniswa nemavara emapapiro awo sezvo mashavishavi emazuva ano ane mavara akasimba uye anopenya, ane antennae akaita sebaton, butterfly rehusiku rine mavara asina kusimba mumapapiro aro. , muviri wakasimba kupfuura wemudyandigere uye ine matinji ane pore semuviri wayo uye ose ane maumbirwo emapapiro akasiyana, iwo emasikati ane mapapiro akati twasu kana achienzaniswa neaya eusiku.
Muvengi wavo mukuru chiremwaremwa, zvinogona kutorwa sekuti mashavishavi haana dziviriro sezvo asina kana nzira yekuzvidzivirira nayo, asi ane sarudzo dzekukwanisa kuterera zviito zvakasiyana-siyana zvakavapoteredza uye nemavara emapapiro awo avanokwanisa. vanda kubva kune vanovadya.
Mashavishavi anodyei?
Izvo zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti kudyisa kwepuruvheti kuchaenderana nehupenyu hwayo, ndiko kuti, nhanho iyo iri muhupenyu hwayo, sezvo kudyisa kwegonye kana gonye hakuzove kwakafanana neyemunhu mukuru.
Hadzi kana dzine mazai, dzinoedza kuaisa munzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzinenge dzizere nemuriwo, kuita uku kwakakosha nekuti kana manyana abuda muzai anotoda kudya, saka anozviita nezvirimwa zvakatenderedza. ivo.
Manyoka nemakonye anodya chero chikafu kubva kune chirimwa, chete kusiyana nekuzvarwa kwavo, panguva ino inogona kutanga kusiyanisa nefungi, michero, maruva, mhodzi, uye yakajairika uye yakavimbika mashizha akavatenderedza nezvavakadya pakutanga. zvehupenyu hwavo.
Mhuka dzinodya mashizha emiti uye neizvi vanoedza kwete kungodya shizha, asiwo kudya zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa zviri nani zvokudya zvavo. Iyo gonye mwedzi unotevera wekuzvarwa inogona kungova pasi nekuti ichiri diki kuti iite mapapiro, ine shaya dzinopesana uye dzakasimba kwazvo dzinovabvumira kutsenga uye kugaya chikafu chakasarudzwa, makonye anogona kunge achinyanya kuda uye anosarudza Kana aita. kunouya pakusarudza mashizha ekudya, vamwe vanofarira kuitamba zvakachengeteka nekudya chete mhando yemashizha aive akavapoteredza pavakazvarwa.
Vanopedza mavhiki maviri ehupenyu hwavo vachinangana nekungowana chikafu chekuti vakwanise kukura uye kugadzirira nguva iyo vanogona kuve nemapapiro, izvo zvinoreva kuti ivo vatosvika padanho rekukura kwavo munguva pfupi kwazvo. newachi.
Kana makonye anzwa nyota haatsvage mvura yekumwa, asi anodya mashizha akawanda sezvo akaumbwa nechikamu chikuru chemvura yaanosveta, dzimwe nguva kudya rudzi rumwe chete kunoita kuti angove chizvarwa chete. kudya chirimwa ichocho.
Sezvo gonye kana gonye richikura, rinogadzirira danho rekupedzisira iro rinozoritsanangura seshavishavi, panguva iyo inokura mapapiro ayo uye inogona kuavhura, asi haisi mapapiro ayo chete anooneka zvakare, ivo vane hunde mukati. chimiro chechubhu chinotenderera, ichi chinozivikanwa seproboscis, ichi ndicho chishandiso cheshavishavi kuti rikwanise kudya nenzira yekusveta.
Iye zvino mubvunzo ndewekusiyanisa kuti rudzi rumwe norumwe rweshavi rinodya chii, chaizvoizvo kudya kwavo kunowanzoenderana nemhando yeshavishavi iri mubvunzo sezvo imwe neimwe yadzo inyika yakasiyana zvachose kubva kune imwe.
Butterflies kazhinji inodya nekita, kunyange zvazvo yakawanda yakadaro, hazvirevi kuti mutemo unofanirwa kutorwa kune mashavishavi ose, sezvo munyaya iyi inotaurwa kupfuura chero ipi zvayo muvhareji yakadzidza uye yakasimbiswa .
Zvikafu zvakajairika muButterflies
Zvikafu izvi ndizvo zvakajairika uye zvinofarirwa pakati pemashavishavi uye ikozvino tichataura chimwe nechimwe chazvo uye chikonzero nei zvipembenene izvi zvichizvida uye nekuzvida, zvichigara zviri izvo zvinogoneka, zviri nyore, zvakanakira sarudzo kwavari.
Poland
Mukume chave chikafu chinofarirwa nemashavishavi, sezvinotaurwa zviri nani, aanofarira, anogona kusarudza maruva kana zvirimwa kubva pakuwana mukume kuburikidza nekunhuwa kana kuwedzeredza kweruva sechimiro charo uye mavara, shavishavi rinokonzera kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. nokuita kuti mukume ibereke painodya shuga, saka zvaigona kunzi inobatsira ruva sezvairi kuita shavishavi.
Frutas
Butterflies vane imwe delirium yemichero iyo inofanirwa kunge iri mukuora kuitira kuti iwane zvinwiwa zvawo zvizere neshuga, zvinovaka muviri uye mvura izvo zvavanogona kutora kuburikidza nehunde yavo, michero iri nyore, ine hutano uye inogoneka sosi yemashavishavi. chechipiri chakavimbika uye chikafu chakajairika pakati pavo.
Muto Wemiti uye Zvirimwa
Miti nezvirimwa zvinowanzoburitsa zvinwiwa zvinodaidzwa kuti muto, muto uyu unonyatso shandiswa nemashavishavi anoushandisa kuzvidyisa, zvinoenderana nekuti ishavi rerudzii, rinosarudza chirimwa, muti neshizha kwarichabva. kuti mamwe marudzi anonyanya kusarudza pakusarudza zvaanoda kudya, kune mashavishavi anogona kudya zvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana uyewo mashavishavi anogona kudya rudzi rumwe chete rwechirimwa, shizha kana muti kweupenyu hwawo hwose pasina mutsauko.
ziya remunhu
Butterflies vane kushaya simba kukuru kwemunyu uye dikita revanhu rine mamineral salt anganzwa nemashavishavi, saka ndosaka mamwe mashavishavi anogona kumhara paganda revamwe vanhu, neKuwana mvura iyi inongokwana kuita maseconds mashoma arimumhepo. nzvimbo yakasarudzwa uye maitiro ayo anotora ziya haakuvadze, ivo vachatsvaga chero mvura izere nesodium uye ziya revanhu rine hukuru hukuru hwaro, saka nedonhwe rinokwana mabiko.
Tsvina yemhuka
Tsvina yemhuka ine huwandu hukuru hwezvikafu zvekubatsira kwakakosha kune butterflies, ivo vanowanzo sarudza pakusarudza rudzi rwemupfudze rwavachasarudza kudyisa, vakasarudzwa vanova avo vakanyorova uye vasina nguva yakawanda yekuraswa, pfupa nyowani. sezvo nenzira iyi vanozokwanisa kutora chikafu chese nenzira iri nani uye zviri nyore zvichienzaniswa neiyi yakaoma kubva pamazuva mazhinji ekuraswa.
Avhareji mashavishavi anodya nekita yemaruva akasiyana ayo avanowanzo sarudza nekunzwa kunhuhwirira, mashizha, michero yavanofarira kana inonyanya kufarirwa inowanzova watermelon nebhanana. Muzviitiko zvishoma zvemamwe marudzi etsvina uye zvimwe zvitunha, chokwadi ndechekuti mhuka imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira kusarudza mhando yeshizha kana chikafu, saka tichabata pamhando huru dzezvipenyu uye kudya kwavo.
Chikafu zvinoenderana nerudzi rweshavishavi
Kune marudzi maviri e butterflies ayo ari mumiriri mukuru wemarudzi ose e butterflies aripo, saka tichatungamirirwa navo kuti titsanangure zvishoma nezvekudya kwavo.
monarch butterfly
Ivo vanozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemukati mekudya kwavo sezvo vachidya paAsclepius vachiri mhunga, iyo Asclepius ine chepfu iyo isingangoiraradze chete asi inodzivirira kuti zvikara zvisasvike pairi, zvichiita kuti iuraye. Mukurumbira wavo unonziwo kwavari nekuda kwekutama kukuru kwavanoita kubva kuMexico kuenda kuCalifornia, iri nhamba yakakura kwazvo yemashavishavi anosarudza kutora rwendo rukuru pamwechete.
Muchokwadi, makonye e monarch anosarudzika pakusarudza chirimwa chaachadya sezvo achingosarudza mashizha ane mukaka kuti azvidye, chirimwa ichi chizere nehupfu hunotorwa negonye hunenge hwakazara, izvo kazhinji zvisingafadzi kune zvikara uye zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano. mavari sekurutsa saka zvinenge zvisingabatike muhupenyu hwese.
morpho butterfly
Pakutanga, paanenge ari madiki, morpho butterflies anosarudza kusarudza zvirimwa, nepizi ndiyo yaanofarira, gare gare, kana yakura, inosarudza kusarudza nekita yemuchero, madhaka, tsvina yemhuka dzakasiyana kana muto unogona. ine miti nemiti yakasiyana-siyana, shavishavi iri rinongogona kudya chete kuburikidza nemvura uye zvinwiwa kubva muzvokudya zvarinosarudza, sezvo richikura rinorasikirwa nemazino aro, zvinoreva kuti rinorasikirwa nekukuya chikafu charo. Vanogona kuwanikwa kubva kuCentral America kuenda kuSouth America.
Usabva usina kutanga waverenga zvinyorwa zvinotevera:
Ndezvipi Zvipembenene Zvinodya Huni?
Nzira yekubvisa sei Fleas uye Parasites muKatsi?