Butterflies inogona kuuya nemhando dzakasiyana uye hukuru, ichitifadza nemavara akanaka uye magadzirirwo anogona kushamisa uye akawandisa, achitiratidza kunaka kwechimiro chechimwe nechimwe, saka nhasi tichataura newe pamusoro pemhando dzakawanda dzemashavishavi uye sei. kuti vasiyanise.
Mashavishavi
Ipembenene yekirasi inonzi lepidoptera apo vane nhamba huru yemarudzi (anenge 170.000) kusanganisira moths; mavara adzo akanaka anoaratidzira anotsamira parudzi rwepokugara, zvimwe nokuda kwezvinhu zvakadai sokupisa nezvikara; Mapapiro adzo akaumbwa nemakero kungofanana nemuviri wavo uchigadzira mapeteni akanakisa uye ane mavara anovabatsira kurarama nekuzvivharidzira ivo pachavo muhukuru hwakakura.
Kudya kwaro kunokanganisa zvichienderana nedanho, pakuzvarwa makonye nemakonye anodya mashizha aanoona akatenderedza uye aya anogara achiwanikwa pasi, mukukura nekushanduka kwawo mhando dzinowedzera dzinosanganisira mbeu, fungi nemichero kusvika dzasvika dzadzo. danho revakuru apo morphology yaro inoshanduka uye mapapiro anoonekwa, iko zvino chikafu chayo chinodyiwa nekuda kweproboscis (chubhu yakaita sespiral inobatsira kusveta chikafu chayo senge nekita).
usiku nemasikati
Mushure mekuongorora izvo zvekutanga nezve butterflies, isu tichiri kuziva maitiro avo, kunyangwe izvi zvichitsamira pamhando mbiri dzakanyanya kucherechedzwa: husiku nemasikati. Kuti ukwanise kuasiyanisa zvakanaka, zvinodikanwa kuziva zvishoma nezve anatomy yavo senge ruvara, antennae, zvirongwa zvezviitiko uye kunyangwe chimiro chemapapiro uye chimiro.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti anowanzo kuwanikwa aunogona kuwana ndeaya ehusiku; idzi dzine matinji akasiyana-siyana kubva kune mazino kusvika kune bipectinate, imwe yevarume ihombe; chitarisiko chavo chinenge chakanyanya gobvu, chakapfava uye chine furry, mapapiro acho akavharwa mune kwaakarerekera kana kutonhora mavara anobatsira camouflage yavo uye anowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo yakachinjika iyo inozivikanwa semapapiro ekuzorora.
Aya mashavishavi aifanira kujairana nekudzikira kwetembiricha yehusiku uye kazhinji ane mapapiro anoramba achizunguzika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri wavo, chakanaka pamusoro pechirongwa chehusiku ichi ndechekuti kune mikana mikuru yekupona sezvo paine zvikara zvishoma zvakamuka zvichienzaniswa. kuhurongwa hwemazuva ese.
Diurnal butterflies, kune rumwe rutivi, ane mavara anoyevedza uye anoshamisira, ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakareruka dzekuaziva sezvo aine magadzirirwo akasiyana pamapapiro awo anoyevedza muoni, miviri yawo inoita kunge mutete zvakare. antennas avo anogumira kumuromo ane chimiro chakapfava.
Mhando dzeButterflies
Pazasi isu tichapa mazita uye nekutsanangura akajairika uye akakurumbira marudzi emashavishavi angave aripo, mune rimwe nerimwe rawo isu tichatumidza kukwezva kwayo kukuru, iwe unozogona kuziva kuti ndeupi shavishavi husiku kana zuva nekuda kwehunhu hwakatsanangurwa pamusoro.
Kunyangwe mashavishavi ehusiku angave akapfava kana achienzaniswa nemashavishavi emasikati, chokwadi ndechekuti anomira nerunako uye kureruka kunowanikwa mumagadzirirwo awo, achiaita akapfava uye achipa kunzwa kwekusasimba.
zizi butterfly
Nezita caligo eurilochus..
Iyo diurnals, yakaisvonaka nokuda kwemavara awo ane simba, ane ruvara ruduku uye rwakanaka; mapapiro akawedzera kupetwa kumuviri munzvimbo yakatwasuka, aya kuti akwanise kubhururuka achitambanudza mapapiro awo uye nekudaro kuunganidza huwandu hwakanaka hwesimba kubva kuzuva, tsinga dzadzo dzakatetepa dzinopera mubhora diki remukanyiwa izvo zvakajairika kuona pakati. varume nevakadzi vose.
tiger butterfly
Zita: Danaus chrysippus
Iri shavishavi rinomiririra ruvara rweorenji sezvo ruvara urwu runowanikwa pamapapiro aro uye padumbu raro rakavhara nzvimbo yese, zvichienzaniswa nedumbu raro nemapapiro, antennae, musoro uye thorax zvakafukidzwa zvachose mutema uye makwapa machena akatenderedza. pachokwadi mavara emapapiro adzo anogona kusiyana nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana senzvimbo yavanenge vari, tembiricha uye murume kana mukadzi.
Imba yaro iri kuAsia, Africa, Morocco, Australia neEgypt, shavishavi iri rakaratidzwa kuva reboka remashavishavi diurnal, shavishavi iri rine nzira huru yekuzvidzivirira kuvavengi varo vanoridya sezvo richiita kunge rakafa rakasiyana ne chokwadi chinoburitsa kunhuhwirira uko mhuka dzinofamba kubva sezvo kunhuwa kungave kusingafadzi kune zvisikwa zviri munzvimbo yazvo, ndiyo nzira yainoverengera nayo sezvo mune zvayave zvekumhanya kubhururuka haitsigire zvakanyanya kubva inononoka mune izvozvo.
Crystal Wings Butterfly
Zita: Greta Otto
Shavishavi rinozivikanwa nekupenya kwemapapiro aro richiita kuti ritaridzike risina kusimba uye rakapfava, kuita uku kunowanikwa pakati pemapapiro aro sezvo nharaunda ichigona kusiyana muruvara pakati pemamwe mimvuri yeorenji nebrown. Magadzirirwo emapapiro ayo anobatsira zvikuru nekuti anoibvumira kuzvifuga kana kuvanda pakati pemiti kana chero nharaunda yainozviwana ichiitira kutiza kubva kune vanoidya.
Inodya nekita yemaruva. Nzvimbo yaro yekugara inowanikwa muCentral America munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakanyanya munyika dzechikamu ichocho chekondinendi yeAmerica, asi shavishavi iri rinoonekwa nekutama kukuru kana richiona sehungwaru nekuda kwenharaunda yarinowanikwa, inova. nei ichiwanikwawo kumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi munyika dzakaita seColombia kana Venezuela.
Shavishavi iri rinosarudza kana richisarudza murume kuti rikwanise kubereka sezvo richisarudza murume zvichienderana nehuwandu hwesimba raringave naro mune rimwe boka reizvi. Inogonawo kuva nengozi kune mhuka, kunyanya zvikara, sezvo mukukura kwayo inokura yakakwirira yehutu.
Blue Mopho Butterfly
Zita: Morpho peleides
Iri shavishavi rinobira kutarisisa kwakawanda, rinoonekwa serimwe remashavishavi akanaka kwazvo aripo munyika nekuda kwekunaka uye kupenya kweruvara rwebhuruu pamapapiro aro, zvisinei nekuti ndiro rinonyanya kuzivikanwa naro, chokwadi ndechekuti. ruvara rwayo ipfungwa chete nokuti inongoratidzira chiedza kana uchibata makwande ayo.Ruvara rwemapapiro rune simba zvikuru muvarume pane vakadzi.
Chikafu chayo chinosiyana mukati mehupenyu hwayo kubvira pakutanga ichingodya zvimwe zvirimwa, kuti gare gare iende kunonwa nekita, michero, muto uye pakupedzisira inozodya mvura yemuviri yemhuka kana zvimwe zvipenyu, nekuti tinoona kudya kwaro tichienzanisa nemamwe mashavishavi kwakasiyana-siyana muhupenyu hwayo hwose.
Shavishavi iri rinowanikwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa zvikuru sezvo richinyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo iyoyo, saka rinogona kuyemurwa munyika dzakawanda dziri kuSouth neCentral America neMexico.
monarch butterfly
Zita: Danaus plexippus
Iwo anozivikanwa nekuve mashavishavi anotama anotora rwendo rukuru kuenda kunzvimbo dzinodziya pakati pemwaka wechando, ndosaka achionekwa zvakanyanya muMexico neCalifornia.
Inodanwa seimwe yemhando dzakanakisa uye dzinoshamisa dzemashavishavi, ichionekwa nevazhinji semambo wemashavishavi ese, mavara ayo akajairwa anosiyana pakati pemimvuri yeorenji, ine dema nechena, kusiyanisa varume kubva kuvakadzi chete. kukwana kuona chivara chitema pamapapiro sezvo chirume chete ndicho chinacho.
The monarch butterfly ine yakanakisa nzira yekuzvidzivirira kana yasvika panjodzi, sezvo iine chepfu inogona kuuraya, izvi zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kana zvikara zvaro zvinoda kurwisa, ine mukurumbira nekuti Inowedzera kutama kukuru panguva yekukohwa. , ndosaka ichinziwo shavishavi rekukohwa, marefu kwazvo uye ari mumapoka makuru, ndosaka richikwezva kutariswa kukuru kwekuratidzira kukuru.
atlas butterfly
Zita: Attacus Atlas
Bhaviguru iri rinowanikwa kuAsia, riri kumaodzanyemba kweChina chikamu charinonyanya kuzivikanwa, rinoonekwa muzvikamu izvi seimwe yezvipfukuto hombe inogona kuvapo, musoro waro wakafanana nenyoka saka rinoitawo musiyano mukuru weshavishavi iri.
Haidyi payakura nekuti inodya zvese zvayaikwanisa isati yakura, saka inofanira kudya chikafu chinokwana kuti igokwanisa kurarama hupenyu hwayo hwese, kana iri gonye inongodya zvirimwa chete, zvakakosha kuti ikwanise kuwana chikafu chakanaka sezvo simba rayo mune ramangwana richienderana neizvozvo, chikonzero nei isingakwanise kudya mudanho rayo revakuru imhaka yekuti haisisina muromo unogona kudya nawo chikafu.
viceroy butterfly
Zita: Limenitis archippus kana Basilarchia archippus
Iri shavishavi dzimwe nguva rinovhiringika nekamonarch butterfly sezvo mavara aro akafanana neiri sezvo ainewo mavara akadai seorenji, dema nechena, kusiyana nehumambo uyu haakuvadzi zvachose sezvo asina nzira yekuzvidzivirira nayo. zvikara, haina chero mhando yehuturu, hwema kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana chinoibatsira kubvisa njodzi dzinogona kuitika.
The viceroy butterfly inogara kumabvazuva kwehemisphere, mabasa e butterfly iyi anowanzoitwa masikati neusiku, saka haina purogiramu yakatarwa yekudyisa nekubhururuka, izvo zvinowanzoita.
Birdwing Butterfly
Zita: Ornithoptera alexandrae
Shavishavi iri rinofarira zita rekunzi shavishavi hombe pasi rose nekuda kwehukuru hwemapapiro aro akakura anogona kusvika masendimita anodarika makumi matatu nerimwe. Mavara acho anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nehukadzi hweshavishavi sezvo madzimai ane ruvara rwegiriyi rwebrown aine mamwe makwapa machena paari, nepo hono dzichitenderedza mamwe mavara nemumvuri, kazhinji yebhuruu negirinhi pamapapiro adzo. Igaro rayo riri muPapua New Guinea ari mashavishavi anowanikwa munzvimbo idzodzo, ari munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura kana dzine hunyoro.
aurora butterfly
Zita: Anthocharis cardamines
Vane mapapiro anoyevedza ndokusaka richizivikanwa serimwe ramashavishavi anonyanya kurova pasi rose, mapapiro aro machena, asi ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzine mavara akasiyana-siyana seorenji dzinoonekwa mumapapiro ayo akawanda, kana yaatambanudza. Kunyanya, iwe unogona kuonga ruvara rwechokwadi runowanikwa mumumvuri wakasiyana, zvichiita kuti chionekwe uye pfungwa yekucherechedza kukuru kukwanisa kuyemura, ruvara urwu runobatsira zvikuru kune butterfly nokuti rinobatsira kuvanda kubva kune zvikara uye rinogona. kuvharwa nezvirimwa.
Iri shavishavi rinowanikwa muEurope neAsia, kwarinogara rinoumbwa nenzvimbo dzine zvinomera zvakakura senge mafuro makuru, kutaura zvazviri, rinova rinokwezva rakanaka sezvo richisangana zvakakwana nemba yaro, izvo zvinobatsira kuti rimire zvakanyanya.
Rima Goblin Butterfly
Zita: Cupidus minimus
Iri rimwe remashavishavi madiki aripo, anoyera pakati pe20 ne30 centimita pakureba. Mapapiro ayo ane grey color inogona kusiyanisa ruvara rwayo nekuti mune dzimwe nguva inogona kusviba uye kutonhora asi mune dzimwe nguva inogona kunge iri sirivheri, inewo mamwe mativi emapapiro ayo ane ma toni eblue, mapapiro ayo anogona zvakare kuchena kana kucheneruka. grey nediki diki diki mukati mazvo.
Iyi butterfly iri muEngland, Scotland neIreland, mashavishavi aya anoumba nzvimbo yavo yekugara munzvimbo izere nezvinomera zvakaita semafuro, magadheni uye pedyo nemigwagwa nenzvimbo dziri padyo navo, saka kune vakawanda inogona kuve yakajairika.
Usabva usina kutanga waverenga zvinyorwa zvinotevera: