Madzvinyu zvipuka zvekuti hapana asingazive kuti zviripo nekuti vazhinji takazviona zvakazara munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Muchikamu chino tichatarisa pakutaura nezvekudya kwavo, imba yavo uye hunhu hweumwe neumwe wavo kana iwe usiri ruzivo rwakanyanya nezvechinyorwa.
Madzvinyu chii?
Chekutanga tinofanira kutanga netsanangudzo yedzvinyu seizvi. Izvo zvinokambaira zvine marudzi akasiyana-siyana emarudzi, ndezvemhuri yeLiolaemidae, imhuka dzine ropa rinotonhora, saka dzinogara dzichitsvaga nzvimbo dzinodziya.
Hunhu hwese
Kazhinji kazhinji, dzinoyera pakati pe4 - 6 cm, muswe wadzo ndiwo magumo ane saizi yakakura kwazvo mumuviri wadzo, inosvika masendimita gumi pakureba, hadzi idiki kana zvichienzaniswa nerume, mavara anosiyanawo zvichienderana nehukadzi hwedzvinyu.
Varume vacho vane ruvara rweyero negirinhi tones mumuviri, iyo yepasi ruvara rwemuviri wemukadzi igrey ine yebhuruu kana yegirinhi nzvimbo, mavara emavara akasimba uye akanyanya kuoneka mumuviri wevarume zvichienzaniswa nevakadzi.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwairi, ichava nehunhu hwayo hwakadai seruvara kana saizi yemuviri wayo, chokwadi chinoda kuziva ndechekuti panogona kuve nemusiyano wakakura uye unooneka pakati pemadzvinyu emhando imwe chete. Vesainzi vakatsinhira kuti kana dzvinyu rakakura, ndipo parinova nemikana yakawanda yeupenyu hurefu. Madzvinyu ane hunhu hunoshamisa hwekukwanisa kubvisa muswe wadzo kana iri munjodzi nechikara uye nekukwanisa kuigadzira patsva.
Habitat
Madzvinyu anowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, anogona kuwanikwa zviri nyore munzvimbo dzine matombo kana rough, anogonawo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemudhorobha kana dzine vanhu vakawanda, anowanzohwanda mumakoronga kana maburi madiki mumadziro kuti atarisire zvikara.
Imwe nzvimbo yavanogara imafuro nemasango, vanodzivirira kusvika pamwero mukuru nzvimbo dzekupisa kwakanyanya, saka hadzina kunyanya kuwanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeEurope, mamwe madzvinyu anowanikwa mumamiriro ekunze ari kuchinja, mune izvo zviitiko. ndivo Vanohwanda mudzimba dzavo nezvokudya zvavo zvakamirira kudziya kwekushisa.
Kuberekerwa
Kuberekwa kunotanga mugore rokutanga rehupenyu hwezvikara izvi munyaya yezvisina kunyanya kukura, madzvinyu makuru anowanzo kumutsa zvepabonde pakati pemakore 2-3, vakadzi ndivo vanotora danho rokutanga , vane matinji anogadzira imwe hwema aanokwezva nawo kutarisa kwechirume, rume mumwaka wekusvirana dzinokwanisa kufamba madaro marefu, kunyanya kana dzakabata hwema hwehadzi.
Nguva dzekusvirana dziri pakati pechirimo - zhizha, mwaka unosanganisira mwedzi waKurume naChikumi, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudziya kwekunze, kana zvichidikanwa varume vanoita zvechisimba vachizvishandisa pakati pavo kusarudza kuti ndiani anogara nehadzi kana Kuti vatore. kutarisa kwavo, dome remadzvinyu rinogara kwenguva refu, richikwanisa kugara inopfuura awa.
Murume nemukadzi havaumbe chero rudzi rwechisungo mushure mekuita bonde, vese vanotora nzira dzakasiyana, murume anodzokera kunotsvaga imwe hadzi yekuroora zvakare, pachinzvimbo chekuti mukadzi anotsvaga pekukandira mazai ayo. .
Mazai anowanzoiswa munzvimbo dzine zvinomera, matombo kana jecha, hadzi, pakuvaisa, inovasiya panzvimbo uye inovafuratira, mazai anoputsika pashure pemwedzi mitatu, vaduku vanogona kuzvitarisira mune izvo Zviri pamusoro pekuchengeteka. uye zvokudya zvichizvigutsa kubva pakutanga, vana vanochochonya vanodya zvokudya zvakafanana nedzvinyu rakura, zvitsama bedzi zvezvokudya zvavanogona kudya zvinosiyana, kuva mugove wavo muduku zvikuru kupfuura uyo mukuru.
Zvokudya
Madzvinyu anodya zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana uye arachnids izvo zvavanogona kuwana nyore munzira yavo kana dzimba dzakateerana, hwaro hwekudya kwavo hunoumbwa nemajuru, zvipembenene, nhunzi, makiriketi, dandemutande, ivo vanowanzodya honye nehozhwa, asi chikafu chavo chinowedzera. Kakawanda masvosve, zvipembenene hazvifanirwe kunge zvipenyu panguva yekuzvidya, zvikasadaro hazvizozvidyi.
Madzvinyu anofanirwa kuvhima chikafu chawo, izvo zvinovaita zvikara, zvikara uye zvinoshingaira zvinokambaira, saka vanotora mukana wekuvhima kuti vavandudze mashandiro avo muchiito ichi uye vadzore huremu hwavo, zvinogona kucherechedzwa nyore nyore kana dzvinyu rakapfuura. uremu hwayo nekuti dumbu rayo rinokura zvekuti kana ichifamba inopedzisira yave kuidhonza.
Kudyisa vana madzvinyu
Kusiyana nezvinofungwa nevakawanda, hazvina kuoma kunzwisisa pane zvinotendwa, nekuti kubva vazvarwa vanodya chikafu chakafanana nerudzi rwavo pakukura uye izvi zvakare nekuti kubva pavanenge vazvarwa ivo vanozviriritira nezvavanoda. dzidza kubva panguva yekutanga kuvhima, izvo zvinowanzosiyana mukudya kwavo kwezuva nezuva huwandu hwechikafu chinodyiwa sezvo chiri chidiki kwazvo uye vari mukukura kuzere kuti vakwanise kunwisa nyama yakakwana, saka vanodya zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika vasvika. kukura kwake.
Mhando dzeMadzvinyu
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwedzvinyu, kwarinogara uye hunyanzvi hwezvipembenene zvarinodya zvichasiyana, zvinoenderanawo nezvinodiwa zvechimwe nechimwe uye morphology yemuviri waro, kune 4000 marudzi emadzvinyu pasi, pazasi, ratidza marudzi emadzvinyu makuru uye akajairika, neizvi tichatsanangura maitiro emuviri, pekugara uye kudya kweumwe neumwe wavo zvinoenderana nekwavanogara.
common dzvinyu
Iyo inozivikanwawo seIberian lizard, inowanzoyera pakati pe4 - 6 cm, ganda ravo rine zvikero, mavara avo anowanzoita rima rakasvibirira, musana, mutsipa uye musoro zvinomira kunze sezvo vane toni dzvuku. Chimiro chemusoro chayo chakafanana nechetatu, muswe wayo wakareba 10 cm uye mazino ayo akanongedza. Kudya kwavo kwakavakirwa zvakanyanya pamajuru, makonye, dandemutande nenhunzi.
Tropical House Gecko
Rudzi rwedzvinyu urwu runogona kuita 14 cm pasina kuverenga kureba kwemuswe, rine maziso makuru aanoona nawo husiku, rudzi urwu rwunoita usiku saka mabasa arwo anowanzoitika panguva idzodzo.
Ivo vari muAmerican continent, vanofamba kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, kubva kuUnited States kuenda kuArgentina, asi muchokwadi mavambo emhando iyi iri muAfrica, saka inogona kutorwa sekuti ndiyo imba yavo yechokwadi.
Iyi mhuka inofamba pakati pemasvingo, zvivakwa uye masvingo emaguta emaguta, kukura kwemakumbo ayo kunobvumira nyore nyore. Saka zvipembenene zvinowanikwa zvakanyanya pamenyu yavo zvinowanzova nhunzi, mapete, spider uye moths, kazhinji zvipembenene zvinowanzowanikwa munharaunda yevanhu.
Batueca Lizard
Muviri wayo nemuswe zvinowanzoyera masendimita matanhatu, ganda rayo rakaita shava, asi rinogona kusiyana richiita grey kana girinhi, dumbu remurume richireruka zvakanyanya mumwaka wekubereka. Vanowanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira mumakomo eSpain, kudya kwavo kunobva kune dandemutande nemasvosve, izvo zvave zvakajairika maererano nezvipembenene zvinowanikwa pakudya.
Cinderella Lizard
Ireptile diki muhukuru, inosvika 5 cm, mune iyi kesi vakadzi vakati kurei kupfuura varume, nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri wayo dzine ganda rakatsvuka, kunyanya kumativi uye kumashure kwemuviri wayo, ruvara rwayo. grey, vane mitsetse 4 yegirinhi kana yero kumusana kwavo.
Anowanikwa munzvimbo dzine matombo, nzvimbo dzakazara nezvinomera, masango kazhinji munzvimbo dzakaoma kwazvo dzinowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweFrance nekuchamhembe kweAfrica.
Munzvimbo yadzinogara mune zvipembenene, hwiza, tsikidzi, mhungu netwupukanana tunobhururuka zvakasiyana siyana zvinova ndizvo zvinowanzodyiwa nehadzi sezvo dzichifarira kuvhima zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa nerume dzinofarira kudya tupembenene tudiki semajuru.
Agile Lizard
Ivo vari pakati peEurope uye kumadokero kweAsia, nechepakati chikamu uye kuchamhembe, dzimba dzavo dzinowanzogadziriswa munzvimbo dzine jecha kana mumasango mavanogona kuwana chiedza chezuva, mumwaka wechando vanogara pasi pevhu kusvikira kutonhora kuchikwira.
Muviri wayo wakasimba uye wakasimba unoshamisa, mavara ayo anosiyana pakati pegrey uye rima greyish brown, ine akasiyana egirinhi madenderedzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri wayo. Kudya kwavo kwemazuva ese kwakavakirwa pa cicadas, zvipembenene uye akati wandei arachnids.
dzvinyu rine muswe mutsvuku
Saizi yaro inogona kuita 23 cm kureba, maziso ayo anomira kunze sezvo ari akakura zvakanyanya kana achienzaniswa nemuviri wayo wese. Zvisinei, kukwezva kwayo kukuru pasina mubvunzo muswe wayo mutsvuku une moto uye wakasimba, unhu hwainozivikana nawo. Migumo yemuviri wake yakaumbwa zvakanaka sezvo iine simba rakawanda.
Vanogara munzvimbo dzine jecha uye maruva kana kuti zvinomera zvishoma, ndicho chikonzero zvakapararira muNorth Africa. Inodya zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sezvipfukuto nemadandemutande, asi zvakaonekwawo kuti yaidya sei tudikidiki kana vana vemamwe marudzi emadzvinyu akaipoteredza.
viviparous dzvinyu
Ukuru hwemhando iyi ndeye 12 cm, izvi hazviverengere kureba kwemuswe uyo wega unoyera pakati pe15-20 cm, migumo yemuviri wayo ipfupi uye chimiro chemusoro wayo chakanyanya kutenderera, mavara erudzi urwu. inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemuenzaniso, mavara ayo anosiyana pakati pegrey, dema uye mamwe ma shades egirinhi.
Iwo ari pakati peEurope, mumasango emakomo, akakomberedzwa nemiti inovadzivirira kubva kuchiedza chezuva uye ine mvura yakakwana yekugara kwavo. Kazhinji vanodya zvipembenene zvinobhururuka, mealybugs uye spider.
Bocage lizard
Iyo inozivikanwawo seGalician lizard, avhareji saizi yerudzi urwu i20 cm, ruvara rwemuviri wayo igreyish brown ine greenish tones nepo dumbu rayo rakachenuruka yero, ruvara rwekumashure kweganda rayo rinoshanduka zvichienderana nemwaka kana mwaka we gore, ganda rayo rinoumbwa nemakwande.
Huwandu hukuru hwehuwandu hwayo huri kuSpain, iyo inogara yakaumbwa nenzvimbo yakaoma uye ine matombo ine zvinomera zvishoma. Iri dzvinyu rinofarira kudya zvipembenene zvepanyika zvakaita sezvipembenene kana maarachnids, saka harivhime twupembenene tunobhururuka kana twupukanana, richifarira kutsvaga mhuka hombe, izvo zvinogona kuvaomera nekuti hazvina kuwanda sezvavanoda.
usiku dzvinyu
Inoratidzwa neruvara rutema rwakanyanya, ine madonhwe eyero anowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri wayo, anogona kuyera kusvika masendimita gumi nematatu. Chinoda kuziva ndechekuti vanokwanisa kubereka pasina chikonzero chekusangana nemurume. Dzinowanikwa kubva kuPanama kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweMexico munzvimbo dzinopisa dzine mamiriro ekunze emvura uye dzinogona kudya chero rudzi rwezvipembenene zvavanowana zvakavapoteredza.
Gecko Lizard
Muviri wayo nemuswe unogona kuyera kubva pa7 kusvika 14 cm kureba, maziso ayo anomira pachena nekuda kwehukuru hwayo uye nekuti haana maziso emaziso, ayo anogara akavhurika, ruvara rwemuviri wayo runogona kusiyana mumumvuri webrown. inosvika pakuva shava nenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoita kunge dzakasvibira uye dzakareruka kupfuura dzimwe, inokwanisa kufamba munzvimbo dzichikwanisa kukwira matenga pasina kudonha, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuumbwa kwemakumbo ayo ane zvigunwe zvishanu.
Inowanikwa muIberian Peninsula uye inowanzowanikwa munzvimbo dzinogarwa nevanhu, saka zvakajairika pakati pedu kuiona pamadziro, pakatsemuka uye matongo, kunyangwe ichionekwawo pahunde dzemiti kana nzvimbo dzine matombo. Zvipembenene zvavanowanzodya majuru, mhashu, cricket uye nhunzi, ivo vachatsvaga zvikuru, zvakakosha kuti vave pedyo nenzvimbo ine mvura yakawanda.
dzvinyu
Iyo inozivikanwawo se teyu. Muviri wayo wega unogona kuyera masendimita gumi nenhatu uye nemuswe wayo unokwanisa kusvika 13 centimeters, nevarume vanokwanisa kuyera kureba uhwu sezvo vakadzi vari vadiki paavhareji, mavara adzo akanyanya kuvarume pane vakadzi. Vanogona kuwanikwa muArgentina, Bolivia neParaguay uye kudya kwavo kunobva kune chero rudzi rwezvipembenene zvavanogona kuwana. Vane mazino eparutivi uye vane zvigunwe zvina.
Sezvatoonekwa, marudzi ese emadzvinyu ane mhando yechikafu pamwe chete nemhando yemamiriro ekunze yaanowanzo kutsvaga, asi sezvakaonekwawo, izvi zvinosiyana nekuda kwenzvimbo yadzo uye kuwanikwa kwayo kupa chikafu. mumwe, saka rudzi rwezvipembenene zvinopedzwa zvinogona kusiyana nemhando, zvinhu zvinoita kuti zvakatipoteredza kwazvinokodzera uye kuti dexterity yayo yemuviri inoita sei muvhimi ari nani zvichienderana nemarudzi ayo.
Usabva usina kutanga waverenga zvinyorwa zvinotevera:
Chii chinonzi mhuka dzinouraya zvipembenene?