Dzidza zvese pamusoro peevhangeri dzinorondedzera hupenyu, shungu, kufa nekumuka kwaJesu, tsvaga pakaitika kwayakabva. Kuwedzera pakuziva nezvemhando dziripo dzadzo, uye ndedzipi dzinogamuchirwa nedzidziso yechiKristu.
Evhangeri
Evhangeri magwaro matsvene ane nhoroondo yezvakanga zvakaita upenyu hwaJesu paaiva munhu pasi pano. Vanorondedzerawo shoko reevhangeri yaJesu, ndiko kuti, mashoko akanaka oruponeso.
Hupenyu nebasa raJesu rinotsanangurwa muevhangeri rinomiririra kuzadzikiswa kwechipikirwa chakapihwa naMwari kumadzitateguru muTestamente Yekare: Abrahama (Genesi 22:17), Isaka (Genesi 25:11) naJakobho:
Genesisi 28:14 BDMCS - Vachawanda seguruva renyika, uye vachapararira kumusoro nezasi, kumabvazuva nokumavirira, uye vachapararira. mhuri dzose dziri panyika dzicharopafadzwa kubudikidza newe uye nezvizvarwa zvako.
Kubva kuvazukuru vaJakobo kwaizouya Muponesi Jesu Kristu chaizvo kubva mudzinza raMambo Davidi:
Isaya 9:7 (NLT) Utongi hwake norugare hazvizomboperi. achatonga nokusasarura uye nokururamisira kubva pachigaro choushe chatateguru vake Dhavhidhi kusvikira narini. ¡¡Kuzvipira kukuru kwaJehovha Wamasimba Ose kuchaita kuti izvi zviitike!
Kuva chipikirwa chakazadzika Ishe Jesu Kristu uyo anogadza Umambo hwaMwari nokusingaperi. Nhau dzakanaka dzevhangeri raJesu ndedzekuti anodzikinura nyika kubva kuchivi uye anotiyananisa naBaba vedu Vekudenga.
Shoko rakatanga muvhangeri rehupenyu, shungu, rufu nekumuka kwaJesu rinowedzerwa kusvika kumagumo enyika kubva kuvadzidzi vekutanga. Avo vakatumwa naJesu kupfuuridzira basa roushumiri hwake, kupfurikidza nebasa guru.
Wakambonzwa nezveKutumwa Kukuru here? Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvishoma nezvenyaya iyi yakakosha kumaKristu. Tinokukoka iwe kuti upinde pano, Komisheni huru: Chii ichochi? Kukosha kwemuKristu.
Etymology yezwi rokuti evhangeri
Shoko rokuti evhangeri rine mabviro aro kubva pamudzi wechiGiriki euangélion, izwi iro panguva imwe cheteyo rinoumbwa nemidzi miviri yemutauro mumwe chete. Eu zvinoreva kuti zvakanaka kana kuti zvakanaka, pamwe chete nezwi rokuti ngirozi, rine zvarinoreva shoko kana nhau, pakupedzisira kuratidza shoko rakanaka kana mashoko akanaka.
Mushanduro kubva muchiGiriki kuenda kuLatin, izwi rekutanga rekuti euangélion rakashandurwa kuti evhangeri. Nenzira iyi, mavhangeri inhau dzakanaka dzeRuponeso kubva kuzvivi nenyasha dzechibayiro chaJesu Kristu, kuratidzwa kukurusa kwerudo rwaMwari kuvanhu.
Johane 3:16 (DHH): -Shungu Mwari akada nyika nokudaro, kuti akapa Mwanakomana wake mumwe oga, saka wose anotenda kwaari kwete kufa, asi uve neupenyu husingaperi-.
Aya ndiwo mamiririro anoita evhangeri zvinyorwa zvakaitwa nevateveri vekutanga vaJesu Kristu. Ava vaKristu vapakuvamba vakava vanyori kana kuti vadudziri vedzidziso dzavadzidzi vakafamba naJesu mukati moushumiri hwake.
Dingindira guru revhangeri naizvozvo, ishungu, rufu nekumuka kwaJesu. Ese aya epakati meseji eTestamente Itsva anoumba hwaro hwekutenda kwechiKristu, nokudaro kukosha kwayo kumaKristu.
Evhangeri ina dzinotenderwa uye dzinogamuchirwa mukati meTestamente Itsva yeBhaibheri, ndicho chikonzero ichinzi mavhangeri echokwadi. Kusiyanisa kubva kune mumwe, zita remuevhangeri kana munyori rinowedzerwa kune mumwe nemumwe wavo: Mateo, Mako, Ruka naJohani.
Evhangeri zhinji dzainzi apokirifa nokuti dzaionekwa sedzenhema kana kuti dzakasvibiswa. Kumachechi echiKristu akasiyana-siyana, evhangeri dzeapokirifa hadzina kufuridzirwa naMwari, saka hadzina kugamuchirwa.
Izwi rokuti evhangeri muTestamente Itsva
Mazwi evhangeri uye evhangeri anoshandiswa muBhaibheri muTestamente Itsva. Pamusoro pekuvawana muevhangeri dzechokwadi, muapostora Pauro ndomumwe wevanyori vanonyanya kushandisa izwi rekuti evhangeri.
Paka76 panowanikwa izwi rekuti evhangeri muTestamende Itsva, ka60 chete ndidzo dzakanyorwa naPauro mutsamba dzake dzevaapostora dzainyorera kuvaKristu vekutanga. Muenzaniso itsamba yekutanga kuvaKorinde ine zuva ringangove regore 57 shure kwaKristu:
1 Vakorinde 15:1 BDMCS - Zvino, hama, ndinoda kuti murangarire vhangeri (εὐαγγέλιον) kuti ndakavaparidzira. Iri ndiro vhangeri (εὐαγγέλιον) ramakagamuchira, ramakamira pariri.
Muvhangeri nhatu dzokutanga dzaMateo, Mako naRuka izwi rokuti evhangeri rinogona kuwanikwa nguva shoma. Zvisineyi, muevhangeri Johane haazvishandise uye kana izwi rekuti evhangeri, muenzaniso mune imwe neimwe yevhangeri dzemavhesi anogona kuva mavhesi anotevera:
(Mateo 24:14) Uye izvi vhangeri yeumambo ichaparidzwa munyika yose souchapupu kumarudzi ose, ipapo kuguma kuchasvika.
Mako 1:1 (NASB): Kutanga yevhangeri raJesu Kristu Mesiya, Mwanakomana waMwari.
Ruka 4:43 ( NKJV-2015 ): Asi iye akati kwavari: “Zvakafanira kuti ndiparidze vhangeri roumambo hwaMwari kuna mamwe magutawo, nokuti ndizvo zvandakatumirwa.
Sezvaunogona kuona, chirevo icho vanyori vanopa kuzwi revhangeri zvakafanana: Evhangeri, inova Jesu Kristu wenyika.
Kunyangwe Ruka ariye muevhangeri anoshandisa izwi iri zvishoma muvhangeri rake. Mubhuku rake remabasa evaapostora, akashandisa shoko rokuti evhangeri ka15, kupfuura vamwe vaevhangeri.
Evhangeri dzechokwadi dzeTestamente Itsva
Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, yehuwandu hukuru hweevhangeri dzakanyorwa; kune mana chete akatenderwa uye akagamuchirwa nekereke yechiKristu kuti anyorwe nefuridziro youmwari.
Kuvamba semagwaro eBhaibheri echokwadi kana kuti akakodzera Evhangeri dzaMateo, Mako, Ruka naJohane rakanga riri basa rinorumbidzwa revaKristu vomuzana ramakore rokutanga. Mushoropodzi wechiKristu ane hasha wezana ramakore rechipiri saIrineo de León mubhuku rake rinonzi "Against Heresies", anoratidza kusabvumirana kwake kusvika pakuti:
- Munguva idzo, dzakatenderedza 185 shure kwaKristu, nharaunda dzechiKristu dzakaisa pfungwa pakuverenga Evhangeri yaMateo chete.
- Evhangeri dzaionekwa seapokirifa kana kuti dzisina kufanira dzakarovererwa kana kuti dzaikurudzira kutenda kwenhema kana kuti dzidziso. Kuparira mapoka akadai sekereke yeGnostic yechiKristu yezana ramakore rechipiri rainzi Valentinians.
Kumufundisi uye bhishopi Irineo de León, evhangeri ina dzinonzi ndedzechokwadi dzinokosha pakuziva Jesu. Sezvo mumwe nomumwe achipa Jesu nenzira yakasiana, mukuwedzera kukuva akanyorwa nedonzo rakasiyana navateereri.
Nenzira imwe cheteyo Irenaeus anosimbisa kuti panofanira kuva nevhangeri ina dzaJesu, maererano nechiono chechiporofita chaEzekieri nezviso zvina zvemakerubhi pachigaro choumambo chaMwari:
Ezekieri 1:10 Zvisikwa izvi zvaivawo nezviso zvina. Kuonekwa kubva kumberi, vaive nazvo chitarisiko chomunhu; Vachionekwa nekurudyi, vaitaridzika sezviso zve shumba; kurutivi rworuboshwe zvakanga zvakaita sezviso toro, uye kubva shure akanga akafanana nezviso zve Gondo.
Zviso zvina zvemakerubhi echigaro cheushe chaMwari zviso zvina zvaJesu muvhangeri ina dzemagwaro evhangeri. Nenzira iyi, sekusimbisa kunoita Irineo de León, zvakafanira kuverenga evhangeri dzechokwadi kuti uenderane nemufananidzo wega wega waJesu.
Evhangeri yaMateo, chiso cheShumba
Jesu muEvhangeri yaMateo anoratidzwa kuvanhu saMambo, ane chiso cheShumba muchiratidzo chaEzekieri 1:10. Mateo anosimbisa kuratidza Jesu samesiya akaziviswa nevaporofita veTestamente Yekare.
Iyi nzira yemuevhangeri yekuratidza Jesu imhaka yekuti vateereri vaanonyorera vanonyanya vanhu vechiJudha, vaive neruzivo rwemagwaro. Kana dziri hushumiri hunonzi naPauro, Jesu akaumba:
VaEfeso 4:11 BDMCS - Iye pachake akagadza vamwe, vaapostora; kuna vamwe vaprofita; kune vamwe, vavhangeri; uye kune vamwe, vafudzi y vadzidzisi,
Evhangeri yaMateo inomirira ushumiri hwoMudzidzisi, ichisimbisa dzidziso dzaMambo Jesu, dzakadai se: Mharidzo huru nhatu, Mharidzo yapaGomo, mifananidzo youmambo uye iyo youtariri.
Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Evhangeri yaMateu: Bhuku rakanyorwa nemuunganidzi, iva nechokwadi chekupinda pano. Mateo akanga ari muteresi uye muteresi muguta reKarfanaum, muGarireya, nhasi Israeri, uyo Jesu Kristu akadana kuti amutevere uye ave mumwe wavadzidzi vake.
Evhangeri yaMako, chiso chenzombe
Jesu muEvangeri raMako anoratidzwa kuvanhu seMuranda, nechiso cheNzombe kana nzombe muchiratidzo chaEzekieri 1:10. Mako anosimbisa kuratidza Jesu semuranda, murume akasimba ane simba.
Nzira yomuevhangeri iyi yokuratidza nayo Jesu imhaka yokuti vateereri vaanonyorera zvikurukuru vaRoma. VaRoma vaiva vanhu vehondo, vakanga vajaira masimba, ndicho chikonzero muEvhangeri yaMako Jesu anosimbiswa achiita zvishamiso nezvishamiso.
Evhangeri yaMako kune rumwe rutivi, inomiririra hushumiri hweHufundisi, ichiratidza Basa nemabasa aJesu seMufudzi Akanaka nemakwai ake.
Evhangeri yaRuka, chiso cheMunhu
Jesu muEvangeri raRuka anoratidzwa kuvanhu sechiso cheMunhu, nechitarisiko chemunhu muchiratidzo chaEzekieri 1:10. Lucas anosimbisa kuratidza hunhu hwaJesu, kuzvipira kwake kune vanoshaya zvakanyanya uye avo vairambwa nenzanga yenguva iyoyo.
Iyi nzira yomuevhangeri yokuratidza Jesu imhaka yokuti vateereri vaanonyorera zvikurukuru vaGiriki. MaGiriki aive budiriro yeruzivo nekukwana, ndicho chikonzero ichiratidza kubwinya, runako nekukwana kwaJesu semunhu ane muenzaniso uye wepasi rose.
Evhangeri yaRuka, kune rumwe rutivi, inomiririra hushumiri hweevhangeri nekusimbisa Jesu seMuponesi, murume akauya kuzoponesa vakarasika. Ndokusaka achisimbisa muMifananidzo yegwai rakarasika, mari yakarasika uye mwanakomana akarasika.
Muhupenyu hwako hwechiKristu, unofunga kuti unozvitsanangura semuvhangeri here?Kuziva maitiro ehushumiri uhu, tinokukoka kuti upinde pano: Q.Kuva muevhangeri chii?? Mabasa nezvimwe zvakawanda. Kuva muevhangeri ndeimwe yehushumiri hwatinogona kushumira nahwo Mwari mubasa redu sevaKristu.
Evhangeri yaJohane, chiso cheGondo
Johane anotiratidza muvhangeri rake Jesu semwanakomana waMwari, ane chiso chegondo muchiratidzo chaEzekieri 1:10. Johane anosimbisa kuratidza Jesu semwanakomana waMwari, Shoko rakaitwa nyama, nzira, hupenyu husingaperi.
Iyi nzira yemuvhangeri yekuratidza Jesu imhaka yekuti vateereri vaanonyorera ndevenyika yose, yekereke yepasi rose. Panguva yakanyorwa evhangeri iyi, dzidziso dzakatsauka dzakawanda dzakanga dzamuka dzaipikisa huMwari hwaJesu.
Nenzira iyi, Johane anoronga basa rekukwidziridza nekuisa Jesu seMwanakomana waMwari, achisimbisa dzidziso dzehunhu hwehumwari hwaJesu.
Vhangeri raJohane, nerumwe rutivi, rinomiririra hushumiri hwevapostora nehuporofita, nekuti muvhangeri uyu anozivisa kuziviswa kwechakavanzika chaJesu Kristu seMwanakomana waMwari. Johane anosimudzira munhu waKristu pamusoro pezviito zvaJesu.
evhangeri dzinopindirana
Pamavhangeri echokwadi, matatu acho anotorwa seanopindirana, nekuda kwekufanana mune dzimwe ndima dzawo. Magwaro akafanana ayo munyori ega ega anopa tarisiro yawo maererano nematauriro avanoita Jesu kuvanhu.
Mavhangeri echokwadi neanopindirana ndeaya: Mateo, Mako naRuka. Izwi iri rakagamuchirwa zvichitevera tafura yakapihwa naJohann Jakob Griesbach muna 1776, mukutsvaga mhinduro kune yaaidana kuti dambudziko remavhangeri.
Tafura inopa ongororo muchidimbu kana kuti maonero akabatanidzwa mutafura ine makoramu matatu, uko kusangana kweEvhangeri nhatu dzaMateo, Mako naRuka zvinogona kuratidzirwa zviri nani.
Unyori hwevhangeri dzechokwadi
Kunyorwa kweevhangeri dzinogamuchirwa kunobvumwa zvikuru negamuchidzanwa kupfuura nokusimbisa. Chero zvazvingava, chechi inosimbisa kuti evhangeri ina dzemanyoro evhangeri dzine mavambo evaapostora, mupfungwa iyi vanyori veimwe neimwe inonzi zvakanyorwa maererano nezvinotevera:
- Mateu: Evhangeri yakanyorwa naMateu muapostora waJesu.
- Mako: Yakanyorwa nomudzidzi womuapostora Petro.
- Lucas: Yakanyorwa nemunyori wezita rimwe chetero, Lucas, aiva chiremba uye aidzidzira basa romuapostora Pauro.
- Johani: Yakanyorwa nomudzidzi anodiwa uye shamwari yepedyo yaJesu, muapostora Johani.
Mazuva eevhangeri dzechokwadi
Nyanzvi nenyanzvi dzezvidzidzo zvouMwari vanobvumirana kuti mavhangeri mana echokwadi akanyorwa munguva iri pakati pe65 ne100 AD. Kunyangwe pasina ruzivo rwezuva chairo rekunyorwa kwechimwe nechimwe, kuferefeta kunovaisa pakati pemakore anotevera:
- Marcos: Pakati pegore 68 ne73 pashure paKristu.
- Mateo: Pakati pegore 70 ne100 pashure paKristu.
- Lucas: Pakati pegore 80 ne100 shure kwaKristu.
- Juan: Pakati pegore 90 ne100 pashure paKristu.
evhangeri dzeapokirifa
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe manyoro ekare eevhangeri dzechokwadi dzinozivikanwa seevhangeri dzeapokirifa. Iwo ekupedzisira manyoro mazhinjisa ayo, nemhaka yokuti haana kurangarirwa kuva akafuridzirwa naMwari, haagamuchirwi kana kuti kuzivikanwa nechechi yechiKristu.
Nokudaro, hapana neimwe yeidzi evhangeri yakabatanidzwa muBhaibheri rechiGiriki Septuagint, kana kuti mune ipi neipi yeshanduro dzaro dzapashure.
Zvisinei, mumazana emakore okutanga echiKristu, mamwe masekete akaumbwa kubva munzanga dzechiKristu, akasvika pakurangarira evhangeri dzeapokirifa semagwaro matsvene. Sezvazvakaita nezana ramakore rechipiri Gnostic Christian sekete inonzi Valentinians.
Kune zvakare nyaya yenzvimbo dzekutanga dzechiKristu dzakaumbwa kubva kuvanhu vechiJudha. Kuti vaiona evhangeri dzavaHebheru nechakavanzika chaMarko sezvinyorwa zvinoyera.
Kubva pamaonero aya, kune vatsoropodzi vanorega kufunga nezvemamwe eevhangeri dzeapokirifa, vachidzidaidza kuti extra-canonical. Kuti aabvise pane anganzi manyoro enhema kana kuti asina chokuita nokufuridzirwa naMwari.
Kubva pane izvi, manyoro anotsanangurwa seEvhangeri yaTomasi, aizova ekaresa paEvhangeri. Nemhaka yokuti maererano nenyanzvi ichi chinyorwa chinonyorwa kuti chakanyorwa mugore rakatevera Kristu.
Etymological kwakabva izwi apokirifa rinobva kumidzi yechiGiriki: από iyo inoreva kure uye κρυφος, ine chirevo chakavanzwa. Parinoshandurirwa mumutauro wechiLatin, shoko rokuti apocryphus rinoramba riripo, kuratidza, maererano nemavambo aro echiGiriki: kuvanda kure.
Pakati peevhangeri dzeapokirifa dzinogona kutaurwa pakati pemamwe evhangeri:
- yevaHebheru
- chiGiriki chevaEgipita
- Mark's Secret
- jude
- Kuzvarwa kwaJesu Apokirifa
- zvaMaria Magadharena
