Miti yacho inopupurira zvinyararire zvenhoroondo inowadzanyura yakavapoteredza. Kubva kumasango ekare kusvika kumapaki emaguta, muti mumwe nomumwe unotakura nyaya yakasiyana-siyana inoratidzwa muzera rayo. Asi, Nzira yekuziva sei zera remuti?
Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzaunogona kuziva kuti mangani makore ararama muti. Teerera, tichakuudza zvese ipapo.
Kukura zvindori: nyaya yakanyorwa mumoyo wemuti
Imwe yenzira dzakajairika uye dzakarurama dzekugadzirisa zera remuti ndeye verenga mhete dzavo dzokukura. Gore negore mumwaka wekukura, miti inowedzera mhete pahunde yayo. Mhete idzi humbowo hunobatika hwekukura kwegore negore, dziine mhete dzakafara dzinoratidza makore emamiriro akanaka uye mhete dzakatetepa dzinoratidza nguva dzakaoma.
Kuverenga zvindori, Chikamu chemuchinjikwa chemuti wemuti chinogadzirwa, chinoratidza kutevedzana kwezvindori zvakadzika. Rudzi rwekutanga, rwunozivikanwa seheartwood, rwakasviba uye rwakanyanya, ukuwo rukoko rwekunze, rwunonzi sapwood, rwakareruka. Kuverenga zvindori izvi kunopa fungidziro yakarurama yezera remuti.
Dendrochronology: nguva yakavharidzirwa muzvindori
Dendrochronology inodarika kuverenga zvindori uye inoshandisa maitiro ekukura kudzidza zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze, kusiyanisa kwemwaka, uye shanduko yezvakatipoteredza kupfuuridza nguva. Ichi chirango, kunze kwekupa ruzivo pamusoro pezera remuti, rinopa hwindo rakasiyana-siyana mukati memamiriro ekunze ekare enharaunda iyo yakakura.
Vatsvakurudzi vanogona kushandisa ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva mumiti yemiti kugadzira kutevedzana kwematunhu kunonzi dendrochronological chronologies. Aya akatevedzana rubatsiro zuva zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza kubva kare (zvakadai sekuputika kwemakomo kana moto wemasango) zvichibatsira pakunzwisisa kwemamiriro ekunze kwenguva refu.
Carbon-14 Dating
Carbon-14 kufambidzana inzira yakasarudzika musainzi yekufambidzana zera rematishu akafa. Mamwe ma radioisotopes anogona kushandiswa, asi C-14 yakanakira nyaya iripo uye tichaona chikonzero nei:
Miti inosanganisa kabhoni-14 mumatishu ayo kuburikidza nekabhoni dhaikisaidhi iyo yaanotora kubva mumhepo panguva yephotosynthesis. Kana miti ikafa, iyo kabhoni-14 kuumbwa kunodzikira mumatishu nekuda kwekuora kweradioactive uye ndiyo yakasara chikamu cheiyo carbon isotope iyo inoshandiswa kufungidzira zera remuti. Naizvozvo, Nekuongorora huwandu hwekabhoni-14 yakasara mumuenzaniso wehuni, nguva yakapfuura kubva pakafa muti inogona kuverengwa.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira iyi yakanyatsokodzera kupfimbana nehuni kubva kumiti yakare, inoshandawo kumiti midiki, kazhinji kutaura chinhu chinobatsira chekuongorora zvakapfuura zvemuti.
Radial kukura uye zviyero zvisingapindiki
Kune dzimwe nzira dzisina kunyanya kupindira pane dzinotaurwa kuverenga makore emuti. Aya maitiro anochengetedza mamiriro ekutanga ehuni, mamiriro anodiwa mune mamwe mamiriro ekuedza. Imwe yemaitiro aya inosanganisira kuyera kukura kwemuti uchishandisa midziyo yakadai semagetsi dendrometers. Midziyo iyi inorekodha shanduko yehunde dhayamita nekufamba kwenguva, ichipa data rinogona kushandiswa kufungidzira zera remuti.
Mazano chaiwo emhando dzakasiyana uye mamiriro ekunze
Mhando imwe neimwe yemiti ine maitiro chaiwo anogona kukanganisa kusarudzwa kweiyo nzira yakakodzera yekuziva zera rayo. Mamwe marudzi, akadai mapaini ane mhete dzekukura dzakasiyana, nepo vamwe, vakadai sa Miti inokura zvishoma nezvishoma ingada nzira dzakanyanya hunyanzvi.
Mukuwedzera, nzira iyo muti unopindura nayo kune zvakatipoteredza inogona kukanganisa kududzirwa kwemhete. Semuyenzaniso, miti iri munzvimbo dzisina mvura inogona kuva nemhete dzakafara mumakore ekunaya kwemvura zhinji, nepo miti iri munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda inogona kuratidza mhete dzakafara mumakore akaoma nekuda kwemakwikwi makuru echiedza chezuva.
The indigenous tradition
Mune dzimwe tsika dzechivanhu, kuona zera remiti rave chimiro cheunyanzvi. Nemitoo yakavakirwa pakucherechedza Kubva pachimiro chemuti, kugadzirwa kwebark uye mamwe maitiro ekuona, vagari vemo Vanogona kufungidzira zera remiti nenzira inoshamisa. Ruzivo urwu rwakapfuudzwa kubva kune chimwe chizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa, kuchisimbisa hukama pakati penharaunda nenzvimbo dzadzo dzechisikigo.
Nguva yemiti: zvapupu zvinyararire zvekare
Kusarudza zera remuti kunotipa hwindo rekare uye uchapupu hwechokwadi hwekushingirira uye kuchinjika izvo zvakasikwa zvinopa. Kubva pamaitiro echinyakare ekuverenga mhete kusvika kune akanyanya kuoma matekiniki akadai sedendrochronology uye kabhoni-14 kufambidzana, tsvakiridzo yezera remiti inoramba ichienderera mberi kutipa zviyero zvakaringana.
Muti wega wega, vanga rehuni, donhwe rega rega remuto wakaomeswa ... uchapupu hwakasiyana hwezvakamboitika, chipo chakavharidzirwa kubva kare papasi redu. Naizvozvo, kufambidzana zera remiti bvunzo yekuedza inodarika kufambidzana.