Muchinyorwa chino tinokuunzira ruzivo rwese nezve Helena weTroy, mumwe wevakadzi vakanaka zvikuru mungano yechiGiriki, aiyemurwa nevarume vakawanda uye akapambwa kakawanda, kutozosvikira Hondo yeTrojan yaitwa kuti ave naye pakati pevaGiriki nevaTrojan.
Helena weTroy
Hupenyu hwetsvarakadenga Helen weTroy huchaongororwa muchinyorwa chino, sezvo mukadzi akanaka uyu akaita basa rakakosha mungano dzechiGiriki uye muHondo yeTrojan, iyo inonzi yakakonzerwa naiye pachake, uye hupenyu hwake hwaive huzere. madhiri nen'anga dzaaiita kuvarume nekuda kwerunako.
Mungano dzechiGiriki anozivikanwa saHelen weTroy uye Helen wekuSparta pamwe chete ndiye munhu mumwe chete, zita rake rine zvarinoreva "tochi" o "Torch" maererano nevatsvakurudzi vakawanda vezvinyorwa zvechiGiriki vanosimbisa kuti Elena de Troya ndiye mwanasikana waZeus.
Mukadzi uyu aive akanaka zvekuti aidiwa nemadzimambo, machinda nemagamba mazhinji uye mushure mekuroorwa akatorwa naPrince Paris, aive nechinzvimbo chaPrince weTroy uye nekuda kwekupambwa kwakabva Trojan War.
Kuzvarwa kwaHelen
Munyaya iyo yakaitwa kuhupenyu hwaHelen weTroy, zvinonzi baba vake vakanga vari Mwari Zeus pachake, uyo nemasimba ake akashandurwa kuva shanje huru uye yakaisvonaka yakakwanisa kukwezva kutarisa uye kunyengedza Leda, ipapo Mushure mokunyengera. Leda, akarara naye uye usiku akanga aine murume wake ainzi Tyndareus Mambo weSparta.
Mudzimai waMambo weSparta akava nepamuviri uye paakasununguka akangokandira mazai maviri, kubva muzai rekutanga vana vaviri vasingafi vakazvarwa avo, maererano nevana vaMwari Zeus, vakanzi Helena naPollux. Pazai rechipiri pakazvarwawo vana vaviri vevanhu asi apa vaifa uye mazita avo ainzi Clytemnestra naCastor.
Kunyangwe Pollux naCastor vaizviona semapatya, vaizivikanwa saDioscuri uyo akazove magamba maviri makuru uye anozivikanwawo semavara echiratidzo cheGemini.
Pane imwewo nyaya yekuzvarwa kwaHelen weTroy inoti Mwari Zeus akazova chinhambwe uye akakwanisa kusvika pakanga pakavanzwa Nemesis kubva paakatambudzwa naMwari wekudenga, uye Mwari Zeus mushure mekumunyengedza akarara naye. iye, mushure menguva Nemesis uyo aive mwarikadzi wekururamisira akakandira zai.
Zai racho rakaunganidzwa nevamwe vafudzi veko uye vakaenda naro kune spore yaMambo weSparta ainzi Leda, akaritora nemufaro mukuru ndokurichengeta kusvikira Helen weTroy aberekwa uye iyi ndiyo imwe vhezheni yekwakabva. akanaka Helen weTroy. Munzvimbo tsvene yeLeucipides maive negoko rezai rakaturikwa padenga nemarabhoni akati wandei, zvinotendwa kuti ndiro zai rakazvarwa Helen weTroy.
Kwekutanga kupambwa kwaHelen weTroy
Mune biography yaHelena de Troya, paakanga achiri musikana, pazera remakore gumi nemaviri kana gumi nematatu, aitora chikamu mukudhanha, uko chibayiro chaiitwa muSanctuary yeArtemis Ortia iri muguta reSparta, kubva kune chii. uyo aivewo mudiki weAtene Theseus mwanakomana waMambo weAegean, pamwe chete neshamwari yainzi Pirithous. Apo mudiki Theseus akaona Helen weTroy, akadanana nerunako rwake rwechidiki.
Nezvaakaronga zano, pamwe chete neshamwari yake Pirítoo, kubvuta musikana wechidiki, mushure mekunge apara mhosva. Vakapenengura tumari shoma kuti vaone kuti ndiani aizoitora. Akakunda aiva Theseus uye paakadzokera kuguta reAtene, vanhu veAtene vakarambidza Young Theseus kupinda naHelen weTroy.
Sezvo aisakwanisa kupinda muguta reAtene, Theus muduku akaenda naye kuguta reAfina raiva pedyo nenharaunda yeAttica, kuchamhembe kweAtene. Pamwe chete naamai vaThisus ainzi Etra. Apo mudiki Theseus pamwe chete neshamwari yake Pirithous, vakananga kuHadhesi, guta rekare renyika yepasi nechinangwa chekuba Persephone, musikana wechidiki mwanasikana waZeus naDhemeter kuti vamuroore kuna Pirithous, shamwari yaTheseus.
Kuve mudiki Theseus aine shamwari yake Pirithous muguta reHadhesi, hama dzeDioscuri Pollux naCastor vanoronga zano rekununura mudiki Helen weTroy iro rinobudirira uye vanokwanisa kubuda naye vakachengeteka uye vakanaka. Asi vanotora mai vaThisus nehanzvadzi yaPirito kuti vave varanda vaHelen weTroy.
Muzvinyorwa zvechiGiriki kune tsika apo Helen weTroy uye wechidiki Theseus aiva nemwanasikana ainzi Iphigenia, uye paakasunungurwa nevakoma vake veDioscuri, anosarudza kupa musikana iyeyo kune hanzvadzi yake Clytemnestra, uyo akanga atoroorwa naAgamemnon, asi. vamwe Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanoti musikana uyu akanga atova mwanasikana chaiye weClytemnestra.
Helen weTroy uye muchato wake kuna Menelaus
Helen wekuTroy paakanga akura zvokukwanisa kuroora, kwaive nevakawanda vakaenda kunoroora tsvarakadenga inonzi Helen wekuTroy, zvinonzi paive nevanhu vaidarika makumi maviri vaiumbwa nemadzimambo, machinda, magamba nevakuru vakuru vemauto kuti varoore. Helen weTroy.
Vanhu vose ivavo vakabva kune chero chikamu cheGreece, ani zvake akakwanisa kuroora Helen akanaka weTroy achawana mukurumbira, mukurumbira uye korona yeSparta, kufungidzira uye kurwisana kuduku kwakanga kwatoumbwa nevaya vaizoshanyira Helen weTroy Mambo Tyndareus. weSparta akakumbira mazano kuna Odysseus, anozivikanwawo saUlysses, mumwe wemagamba makuru engano dzechiGiriki.
Zano iro Odysseus akapa kuna mambo weSparta raive rekuti vese vakwikwidzi veakanaka Helen weTroy vaifanira kusaina rudzi rwechibvumirano kana mhiko kwavaifanira kutevedzera chirevo chaHelen weTroy, kuti uyo aizova wake. mudzimai aiva nomusengwa wokumubatsira kana chimwe chinhu chaizoitika kuna Helen wokuTroy, zvakadai sokumuba kana kuti kunyengerwa nomumwe munhu.
Nekuda kwezano raOdysseus kuna Mambo Tyndareus, akavimbisa kuti aizomubatsira kuroora muzukuru wake Penelope kwaari. Mushure mekunge mhiko yazadzikiswa, Mambo weSparta akaroora Helen weTroy kuna Meneus, munun'una waAgamemnon Mambo weMycenae, uyo aivewo murume wemumwe mwanasikana wake ainzi Clytemnestra. Asi mune dzimwe shanduro dzenyaya zvinonzi uyo akasarudza Menelaus aiva Elena pachake.
Mushure mekuroora Helena de Troya uye munun'una waMambo weMycenae ainzi Menelaus, vakava nevana vaviri, wekutanga musikana ainzi Hermione uye mwanakomana asinganyanyozivikanwa anonzi Nicostratus.
Kunyengedza uye kupambwa kweParis
Mwarikadzi Aphrodite akanga amuvimbisa mukadzi akanaka kwazvo, sezvo Prince Paris akanga asarudza pamusoro pamwarikadzi Aphrodite seakanakisa pakati pemakwikwi erunako pakati pevamwarikadzi vatatu Athena, Hera naAphrodite. Pamusana pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, Trojan Prince Paris akaenda kuguta reSparta, kwaakagamuchirwa naMenelaus nemudzimai wake Helena, nenzira ine mutsa uye ine ushamwari.
Asi Prince Paris paakanga aripo, murume waHelen weTroy. Menelaus aifanira kupinda mariro muguta reKrete nokuda kworufu rwasekuru vake vamai vake vainzi Catreus. Apo murume waElena akaenda, Mwarikadzi Aphrodite akaita kuti Helen weTroy ade neTrojan prince Paris.
Nekusimbirira kukuru kubva kuna Prince Paris, nekuda kwerudo rwaHelena zvekuti akamunyengerera ndokubva vapukunyuka vese ndokutora pfuma huru murume waHelena ari muguta reKrete. Pavakasvika pachitsuwa chinonzi Dehenya, chine nzvimbo isina kujeka. Mwarikadzi Hera akavatumira dutu guru asi vakapfuura nomuKupro neFenikiya kusvikira vasvika kuguta reTroy.
Pane imwe vhezheni yekutiza kwaHelena kubva kuTroy naPrince Paris, uko Helena asingaendi naPrince Paris, asi vanamwari Zeus, Era naProteus vanoumba specter of Helena uye ndiye akatiza neParis kuguta reTroy, nepo Helen chaiye akaenda naHermes kuEgypt, mune iyi vhezheni inotendwa kuti yakanyorwa mushanduro yepalinodia yakanyorwa nemudetembi Stesichorus.
Hondo yeTrojan
Muchinda Paris paakasvika muguta reTroy, maererano nevamwe vanyori venhoroondo, vakagamuchirwa zvakaipa nevanhu veTroy, asi zvinonziwo hama dzePrince Paris naMambokadzi Hecuba dzakavabata neruremekedzo rukuru uye zvakanaka, kune zvakare. maBhaibheri ekuti Helen weTroy aive akanaka zvekuti vazhinji vakadanana naye, saMambo Priam akauya kuzotaura "kuti aisazombomurega achisiya Troy"
Kunyange zvazvo n’anga Cassandra akauya kuzofanotaura kuti uku kwaiva kuguma kweguta reTroy, sezvo hondo yaizoparadza zvose, asi hapana akamutenda. Zvichakadaro Menelaus akanga atounganidza hondo huru yaisanganisira Achilles, Ulysses, Nestor naAjax, vaivawo neboka rezvikepe chiuru.
Asi vasati vatanga hondo vakashanda nemadiplomacy, nokuti Menelaus akaenda kuguta reTroy pamwe chete naUlysses kunokumbira kuti Helen weTroy apiwe kumurume wake Menelaus uye pfuma huru iyo Helen aiva nayo. Asi vaTrojans vakaramba kudzorera pfuma uye Helen. Vakanga vachitouraya Ulysses naMeneus, asi vakaponeswa nekuda kweAntenor wekare akanga akachenjera zvikuru uye aiva mupi wezano weTrojan akapindira mukusakuvadza vamiririri vaviri ava.
Maererano neimwe vhezheni, avo vaitungamira kununurwa kwaHelen weTroy vaive Diomedes naAcamante. Nenzira imwecheteyo Herodotus weHalicarnassus anotsinhira mukuferefeta kwake kuti Helen weTroy akanga asiri muguta reTroy asi kuEgypt naMambo Proteus. Ndosaka vaGiriki vaidavira kuti vaTrojan vaivaseka nekuti pavakapinda muguta reHelena, hapana kana pfuma yacho.
Mushure mokunge hurukuro dzezvematongerwo enyika dzisingabatsiri, Menelaus akasangana nemukoma wake mukuru Mambo Agamemnon uye vakasarudza kuenda pamwe chete neuto rinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa kundorwa neguta reTroy kuti aponese Helen.
Hondo yeTroy yakatora makore gumi, kusvikira pakupedzisira mauto akatungamirirwa naMeneus akakwanisa kupinda muguta rakakomberedzwa neuchenjeri hwaUlysses. Mukati memakore iwayo, Helen weTroy akatukwa nemativi ose ari maviri, kunyange zvazvo akaziva kuti apo akapotera munhare yaMambo Priam, aipedza nguva yake achiruka nokusona mifananidzo yakawanda yehondo.
Akanzwawo kusuwa kubva paakasuwa mwanasikana wake Hermione nemurume wake Menelaus, panguva dzekufungisisa anonzwa kunyara nezvaakaita uye akatofunga kuti aifanira kugumisa hupenyu hwake asati anyengerwa naPrince Paris.
Panguva iyoyo rudo rwake kuMuchinda Paris rwakanga rwaderera kusvika padiki, asi mwarikadzi Aphrodite akazviratidza kwaari ndokuudza Helen weTroy kuti agoverane mubhedha wake naPrince Paris, kana kuti aizoisa maGiriki neTrojans mune yake Kusiyana neizvi, Helena. akabvuma kuenda kuroom kwaPrince, kana ariko akataura zvinhu zvakawanda kuna Paris, asi haana kuita hanya nazvo ndokurara naye chete.
Nguva mushure mehondo Prince Paris akafa muhondo paakakuvadzwa akafa nemuseve kubva kuGreek Philoctetes. Nenzira iyi, Helena anosara ari chirikadzi asi anoroorazve Deífobo, mukoma waPrince Paris. Asi apo vaGiriki vanopinda Troy, Helena pachake anopa murume wake mutsva kuti aurawe nevaGiriki.
Mune imwe pfungwa iyo vaGiriki vaiva nayo, Ulysses akapinda muguta reTroy akapfeka sechitsiko chekugadzira chirongwa paaifamba chikamu chikuru cheguta achiuraya mamwe maTrojans, munhu chete aigona kuziva Ulysses aiva Helena, asi haana kupa. kubva aishuva kudzokera kumusha kwake kuGreece ndokukwanisa kuva nemwanasikana wake nemurume.
Mushure mokuwa kweguta reTroy, Menelaus akafamba pasi rose kwechinguva, akanga atoyananisa naHelen weTroy uye vakanga vari pamwe chete sekuti hapana chakanga chaitika, asi muHondo yeTrojan maiva nemamwe mashoko anokosha akadai seVaGiriki Ivo. vakakwanisa kukunda hondo, varwi vakawanda vakashinga uye magamba vakafa, vakadai saAchilles, uyo akarohwa nemuseve weParis muchitsitsinho ndokumuuraya, Paris pachake akafawo.
Helen weTroy muIliad
Mu noveli Iyo Iliad Yakanyorwa nemudetembi Homer, Helen weTroy munhu anokosha zvikuru, uyewo achiremekedzwa zvikuru naMambo Priam, uyo ainyanya kukosha muTrojan War, sezvo akaita basa rekutonga uye nyanzvi yehondo. Uyewo Helena airemekedzwa naHector uyo akanga ari mukuru wemauto eTrojan uye anofira mumaoko emurwi Achilles.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, muguta reTroy, vagari vose vanoshamiswa nekunaka kwaHelena, asi vanoziva kuti hondo uye izvo vanhu vanotambura imhosva yake chete. Muzvitsauko zvakawanda zvenovhero Iyo Iliad, Helena aripo muzviitiko zvakati wandei kana kuti ari kuona kuti zviri sei:
- Helen weTroy aripo apo vese vatungamiriri vemauto eTrojan vanoita sarudzo dzakakosha kuti vakunde maGiriki.
- Muchikamu chinofadza chenganonyorwa Iyo Iliad Helena pachake anoona kunetsana uko Prince Paris ane murume wake Meneus.
- Hurukuro iyo Helen weTroy inobata kuna Mwarikadzi Aphrodite, apo mwarikadzi uyu anomuudza kuti achaisa vanhu vechiGiriki uye vanhu veTroy kurwisana naye.
- Muchikamu chechinyorwa apo Helen weTroy pachake anonzwa kusuwa kukuru uye anochema rufu rwemukuru weuto reTrojan Hector uyo aivewo muramu wake.
Gare gare zviitiko muIliad
Helena de Troya akabatanidzwa zvakare muzviitiko zvakazotevera kune chinyorwa chakanyorwa nedetembi Homer, pane nyaya yaCorito, mwanakomana waPrince Paris aine aimbova mukadzi wake, nymph Oenone, sezvo Corito, achiona Helena, aiyemurwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwake. runako.kuti akadanana naye uye kuti rudo rwakadzorerwa.
Asi Muchinda Paris, achiona mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, aifanira kuuraya mwanakomana wake Corito, asi chikamu chenyaya iyi hachina kuvimbika sezvo vamwe vaongorori kana vanyori vengano vakauya kuzoona kuti Korinde aive mwanakomana wemumwe wevanakomana veParis ane Helena mumwe chete. weTroy.
Imwe pfungwa inokosha yaiva apo muchinda muhondo inorwisana nevaGiriki anofa, sezvo akarohwa nemuseve uchikonzera ronda rinouraya, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi Helen weTroy anomanikidzwa kuroora Deíphobo, mukoma waPrince Paris uye Mutungamiriri Hector.
Nekuda kwemuchato uyu, uyo Heleno, mumwe mukoma waPrince Paris uye Mutungamiriri Hector, asina kutendera, anosarudza kubva muguta reTroy, sezvakaita svikiro Cassandra, hanzvadzi yavo vese. Nepo mumwe svikiro ainzi Calchas akafungidzira kuti Heleno akanga achibva muguta reTroy.
Nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu aya, Odysseus, pamwe chete nemamwe masoja, vakagadzira zano rekutora Heleno uye kumumanikidza kuti ape ruzivo rwaaive narwo nezve zvirevo zveguta reTroy. Kana gamba Odysseus richikwanisa kupinda muguta reTroy rakapfeka sejasi, munhu ega anokwanisa kumuziva ndiye Helen akanaka, asi haamuvhure pamberi peTrojans.
Apo bhiza remapuranga rinovakwa uye vashomanana vevarwi vechiGiriki vanovanda mukati maro, uye vaTrojans pachavo vanoityaira muguta reTroy, Helena akanaka uye ane mano, uyo aitoziva zano racho, akatenderera imba yake kakawanda. Murume mutsva Deiphobos kutevedzera manzwi evakadzi vevarwi vechiGiriki kuitira kuti vaburuke pabhiza uye vaurawe nevaTrojan.
Varwi veGreece vakaziva kuti waive musungo uye havana kubuda kutozosvikira mava kunonoka kushamisa mauto eTrojan pavakanga vakarara. Asi pane imwe shanduro iyo Helena yakaisvonaka yakamirira kuti vaTrojans varare ndokutarisa kunze nepahwindo vachivheyesa tochi huru, vachitumira varwi vechiGiriki mukati mebhiza rehuni kuti yakanga yava nguva yekuenda.
Hondo yeTrojan inopera apo maGiriki akwanisa kupinda muguta reTroy ndokuriparadza.Menelaus anopinda munhare ndokuuraya murume mutsva waHelena ainzi Deiphobus, asi akanga odawo kuuraya Helena wekuTroy, asi paakamuona zvakare pakabva pava nemumwe. akamborohwa nerunako rwake ofunga kumuregerera pane zvaakaita.
Pane imwe vhezheni yekuti Helen wemurume waTroy anomuregerera sei nekuda kwemamiriro aakonzeresa uye kuti iye pachake anoponda murume wake mutsva, mukoma waPrince Paris anonzi Deíphobus, uye zvino zvinoita sekunge anohura pamberi pemurume wake, murume wekutanga. , Menelaus wechiGiriki uye anodanana naye zvakare nemhaka yokuti akanaka sei uye anosarudza kumukanganwira nokuda kwomugariro waakasika iye amene.
Mushure mokunge Menelaus amukanganwira, pamwe chete naHelen weTroy, vakadzokera kuguta reSparta, kunyange zvazvo kudzoka kwakanga kwakanyanyisa, vakasarudza kugara muEgypt uye kugara ikoko kwenguva refu ndokuzodzokera kuSparta, maererano nevanoverengeka vanonyora ngano. Helena anova nepamuviri paMenelaus uye mwana anozvarwa. mwana anonzi Nicostratus.
Helen muOdyssey
Mubhuku rakanyorwa nemudetembi Homer, anonzi Odyssey, anorondedzera murwiyo IV, anorondedzera chiitiko, nokuti mushure mokunge apedza Hondo yeTrojan, Helena anogara nemurume wake Menelaus sokunge kuti hapana chakaitika, kusvikira Telemachus asvika mwanakomana waOdysseus. bvunzurudza Helena kuti anzwe kana paine chaaiziva nezvekwaive nababa vake.
Apo Helen weTroy anosangana naTelmachus, anoshamiswa zvikuru nekufanana kwevose mwanakomana nababa, nenzira imwechete yaakachengetedza runako rwaimuratidza, panguva iyoyo akagadzira musanganiswa unokurudzira waakadurura muwaini yewaini. mudiki Telemachus, apo akaudza zvese zvaaiziva nezvababa vake Odysseus.
Nenzira iyi, murume wake Meneus, uyo akanga achicherechedza mamiriro acho ezvinhu, akaororwa nechimwe chimiro chaiva nomudzimai wake uye akanzwisisa kuti vaigona sei kuisa bhiza remapuranga muguta reTroy, uye munhu wose akarara. Uye magamba mukati mebvudzi remapuranga aigona kunzwa madzimai avo achishevedzera kwavari.
Asi kunyange zvazvo Menelaus akawana nyaya iyoyo isingafadzi, sezvo mushonga iwoyo wakanwiwa naye pamwe chete nemamwe magamba akanga agadzirwa naHelen weTroy, vaTrojan vangadai vakabuda ndokuvauraya vose, asi Menelaus haana kuteerera uye akakanganwira Menelaus zvakare. weTroy.
Kufa kana kushopera kwaHelena
Kana zvasvika pakufa kana kuumbwa kwaHelen weTroy, kune dzakawanda shanduro uye hapana yakafanana, iyo yakapararira yakawanda pamusoro paHelen ndeyokuti akaitwa mwari uye akatumirwa kuElysian Fields, pamwe chete nemurume wake akatendeka Meneus. Asi pane imwe vhezheni kwaanotumirwa kuguta reLeuce uye anoroora Hero Achilles.
Mubhuku rakanyorwa nemudetembi Euripides, anonyora Orestes pamwe chete neshamwari yake Pílades vanosarudza kuuraya Helen weTroy nokuti ndiye aiva mavambo ezvose zvakaipa zvakaitika kwavari, sezvo Orestes nehanzvadzi yake Electra vakatongerwa rufu nokuda kwekutora. hupenyu kuna amai vake vanonzi Clytemnestra. Asi havana kukwanisa kuita chinangwa chavo nokuti Helena ainamatwa namwari anonzi Apollo.
Zvakadaro vamwe vanyori venhoroondo vanobva patsvagiridzo yekuti Helena akavigwa nemurume wake Menelaus muTemberi yemhuri iri muguta reTerapne pedyo neguta reSparta. Helen weTroy akanamatwa panzvimbo iyoyo.
Mushanduro yazvino uye inoshungurudza zvakanyanya, ndiyo yakataurwa naPolixo paChitsuwa cheRodia, uko Akanaka Helena anodzingwa nevanakomana vemurume wake Menelaus, ipapo Polixo anofukidzira vasikana sevakafa veTrojan War vaitsvaga. kutsiva, Izvi zvakashungurudza Helena zvekuti akafunga kuzvisungirira kuti asararame nekutambura ikoko.
Kana iwe wawana chinyorwa ichi pane biography yaHelena de Troya yakakosha, tinokukoka iwe kuti ushanyire anotevera malink: