Anthropologist inyanzvi mune dzakawanda minda, kusanganisira tsika anthropology, physical anthropology, linguistic anthropology, social anthropology, uye kunyangwe archeology. Aya machira anogovana zvakafanana nemamwe sainzi ezvemagariro senge sociology uye nhoroondo.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti chii chinonzi anthropologist, zvaanoita uye marudzi eanthropologist aripo, saka tichakuudza zvimwe.
Chii chinonzi anthropology?
Anthropology imwe yesocial sciences, inotarisa pa kunzwisisa nekutsanangura tsika nemagariro evanhu kuburikidza nenguva nenhoroondo. Sechikamu chekuedza kwayo kunzwisisa nhoroondo, anthropology inodzidza akasiyana masisitimu etsika nemitauro. Inoongorora zvakare kuti masisitimu etsika aya akafanana uye akasiyana sei kuburikidza nemagariro, zvipenyu, uye evolutionary maonero.
Anthropologists inyanzvi mundima dzakawanda, kusanganisira tsika nemagariro, anthropology yepanyama, mitauro anthropology, social anthropology, uye kunyange archeology. Aya machira anogovana zvakafanana nemamwe sainzi ezvemagariro senge sociology uye nhoroondo. Muchokwadi, vanoshanda muzvikoro zvedzidzo, masangano ehurumende, nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, uye masangano asingabatsiri. Basa rake rakanangana nekutsvagisa kwedzidzo kufambisira mberi ndima yake nechinangwa chekugadzirisa matambudziko evanhu.
Mabasa makuru eanthropologist
Anthropologists vanowanzoita zvakajairika mabasa inotevera. Pazasi tinovabatanidza uye totsanangura muchidimbu nezvavo:
- Vanoongorora hupfumi, huwandu hwevanhu, magariro, zvematongerwo enyika, mitauro, uye tsika dzemapoka akasiyana emagariro kuti vanzwisise zviri nani kusiyana kwavanoita.Vanozviita nenzira dzinotevera:
- Kuburikidza nebvunzurudzo, zvinyorwa, uye zvakacherechedzwa, svika pamhedziso nekuunganidza ruzivo.
- Ziva zvinotendwa netsika nemaitiro zvinonyanya kukanganisa hutano uye kuwana mabasa ekutanga
- Vanoongorora uye vanounganidza zvigadzirwa uye zvisaririra zvetsika dzechinyakare, kuitira kuti vanzwisise zviri nani tsika dzemadzitateguru. Vanoshandisawo maitiro ehurongwa kuitira kuti ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa ruve rwakarurama.
- Tsanangura kukura kwetsika, mutauro, maitiro, zvinotendwa, hunhu hwemuviri, nemabviro evanhu vakasiyana.
- Ivo vane basa rekupa zvakawanikwa mumishumo kune ruzhinji uye nyanzvi vateereri, kuti:
- Mitemo yeanthropology inofanirwa kukwanisa kutsanangura uye kufanotaura maitiro nebudiriro yevanhu.
- Zvinyorwa zvine ruzivo runotsanangura uye kuongorora magariro nemaitiro.
- Masangano ehurumende, masangano akazvimirira nemamwe masangano anokumbira kuraira kweanthropologist kugadzira zvirongwa, kuronga magariro emagariro nezvimwe.
- Kurudzira tsvakiridzo nekupa mapepa pamisangano kana kuaburitsa.
- Mapoka ebudiriro yemagariro anoda nzira dzekupindira kuti dzigadzirire. Apa ndipo panopindira anthropologists:
- Senyanzvi pakuronga nekusimudzira upfumi hwenyika, vanobatana kuti vazadzise zvinangwa zvavo.
- Ivo vanoshandisa ruzivo rwavo uye zvavanotenda nezvezvakatipoteredza kune akasiyana tsika mumapurojekiti ekutonga zviwanikwa.
- Matambudziko ekuchengetedza chikafu anogona kuonekwa nekutarisa kugadzirwa, kugoverwa uye kushandiswa kwechikafu.
Anthropology Specialties
Anthropology yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu, uyezve, imwe neimwe ine basa rerimwe basa. Pano tichataura zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa:
- Forensic anthropology. Iri bazi, nekuda kwenhevedzano yeterevhizheni, chokwadi ndiro rinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Ndivo vanoona nezvekushanda pamwe nemapurisa kuitira kuti vabatsire kuziva vanhu vakafa kana vakashaika.
- Physical or biological anthropology. Basa rayo nderekudzidza kudyidzana kwemunhu nemasikirwo uye maitiro ebhayoloji. Uye zvakare, izvi zvinokanganisa sei huwandu hwevanhu.
- tsika anthropology. Inodzidza tsika, uye inotarisa, pamusoro pezvose, pakuchengetedzwa kwevashoma kana tsika dzechivanhu mukutarisana nedzvinyiriro yekudyidzana kwepasi rose.
- linguistic anthropology. Inodzidza nekududzira kushanduka kwemitauro yakasiyana, mumamiriro ekukura kwevanhu uye genetics yemunhu mumwe nomumwe.
- Medical anthropology. Inodzidza kuti inodudzirwa sei mutsika yega yega, hutano huzhinji, zvirwere uye maitiro ekuita mune izvi zviitiko uye rubatsiro rwupi rwuripo.
- urban anthropology. Inobva pakuronga kwemaguta uye kurongeka patsva kuitira kuvandudza kugarisana kwevanhu. Semuenzaniso, inotarisira kuronga kwekugadzirwa kwemapaki munharaunda, pakati pezvimwe zviitiko zvemuguta.
- gender anthropology. Inobva pakusikwa nekutsigirwa kwemitemo yekudzivirira mhirizhonga kuvanhukadzi.
Ndeupi hunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti anthropologist ave nayo?
Hazvina kukwana chete kudzidza uye kuwana dhigirii, kuti uve akanaka anthropologist zvakatonyanya kukosha kuratidza hunyanzvi hunotevera:
- yakakosha kugona
- Tsigira nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika nemagariro
- Iva neruzivo rwe ethnographic uye maturusi ekutsvagisa.
- Unyanzvi hwekukurukurirana hwakanaka zvose zvakanyorwa nekutaura.
- Proactive maitiro kana uchishanda ne multidisciplinary groups.
- Kugona kugadzirisa kumanikidzwa kunokonzerwa nekushungurudzika.
Nyanzvi dzekunze
Anthropology akapedza kudzidza anogona kubhadharwa nevese veruzhinji uye akazvimirira masangano. Nyangwe Yakawanda yemikana yebasa inozivikanwa kune anthropologist ndeye inoenderana nekuparadzira kwesainzi, kutsvagisa uye kudzidzisa, kunewo dzimwe nzvimbo dzebasa dzakadai se:
- Zano, zvese kubva kuhurumende nemasangano akazvimirira.
- Kuchengetedza nhaka yetsika nemagariro.
- Museum management.
- Kuyananisa pakati pevagari vemo nehurumende.
- Ongororo yezvematongerwo enyika.
- Maneja uye mugadziri wemitemo yekutama.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu iwe unoziva chinonzi anthropologist, uye kana iwe uri kufunga nezve kudzidza anthropology, ichashanda segwara diki.