La Archeoastronomy Ndiyo ongororo yekuti nzanga dzekare dzakabata sei chiitiko chedenga, mashandisiro avakaita izvi zvinoshamisa uye chii chaive basa redenga muzvidzidzo zvavo.
Nekuda kwake, Clive Ruggles anoramba kuti iko kukanganisa kufunga nezveArchaeoastronomy sechidzidzo kana ongororo ye nyeredzi yechinyakare, sezvo ruzivo rwenyeredzi rwemazuva ano inzira yesainzi, nepo Archaeoastronomy inoratidza huchenjeri hwakapfuma tsananguro yezvinoitika zvemuchadenga nedzimwe tsika.
Kazhinji inosungirirwa kune ethnoastronomy, inova iyo anthropological thesis yekuongororwa kwenzvimbo munharaunda dzazvino. Archaeoastronomy ine hanya zvikuru nenhoroondo yekuongorora nyeredzi, iko kushandiswa kwemashoko ezvakaitika kare pamusoro pezviitiko zvenyeredzi kugadzirisa matambudziko enyeredzi, uye nhoroondo yekuongorora nyeredzi, iyo inoshandisa tsvakurudzo yakadaro kuongorora maitiro ekare ezvenyeredzi.
Archeoastronomy inotora mukana wekusiyana-siyana kwehurongwa kuratidza umboo hwemaitiro ekare ine prehistory, cosmography, mukana uye nhamba, uye nhoroondo. Sezvo nzira idzi dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzichishandisa data kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemashoko, kuumbwa kwezviridzwa izvi muzviratidzo zvakafananidzira kwave kwakaoma zvikuru kune archaeoastronomers.
Archeoastronomy inozadza migero yekuwedzera mune landscape archeology uye cognitive archaeology. Kuvimbika kwezvinhu uye mibatanidzwa yayo nedenga inokwanisa kuona kuti nzvimbo yakakura inogona kupedzwa sei mukutaura nezve nguva dzechisikwa, semu. mayan astronomy uye kufanana kwayo nekurima.
Mimwe mienzaniso yakasimbisa kubatana kwemazano epistemological uye yenzvimbo ine zvinyorwa zvehurongwa hwe cosmos zvakanyudzwa munzira dzenzvimbo.
Archeoastronomy inogona kushandiswa kumarudzi ose muzvikamu zvose zvenguva. Zvinorehwa nedenga zvinokanganisa tsika nemagariro; zvisinei, varipo nzira dzesainzi idzo dzinokwanisa kushandiswa mutsika dzose, kubatanidza dzidziso dzadzo dzekare.
Iko, semuenzaniso, kudikanwa kwekuenzanisa magariro nesainzi zveArchaeoastronomy izvo zvinotungamira Clive Ruggles kuti atsanangure iyi nzvimbo yekuratidzira senzvimbo ine ruzivo rwakanyanya rwebasa redzidzo ine chinangwa chimwe chete asi ine fungidziro yemusango, ichipuruzira dementia yeimwe.
Unogonawo kufarira: BIG BANG: DZIDZISO UYE Uchapupu HUNORATIDZA KUTANGA KWEZVINHU
Nhoroondo yeArchaeoastronomy
Mazana maviri emakore Michell asati ataura zviri pamusoro apa, pakanga pasina vanochera matongo, ndiko kuti, vakanga vasipo uye pakanga pasina nyanzvi dzezvokuchera matongo, asi paiva nevazivi venyeredzi nevaunganidzi.
Mamwe emabasa ake anotorwa seakatangira eArchaeoastronomy; vaunganidzi vakatsanangura nzvimbo yenyeredzi zvezvisaririra zvakawanikwa muEngland yose, sezvakaita William Stukeley uyo akagadzira Stonehenge muna 1740 naJohn Aubrey muna 1678 naHenry Chauncy muna 1700 vakatanga zvinhu zvakafanana zvenyeredzi zvine chokuita nokurongeka kwemachechi.
Mukupera kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, vamwe nyanzvi dzenyeredzi sezvakaita Richard Proctor uye Charles Piazzi Smyth akabvunza nezvekuiswa kwemapiramidhi.
Izwi rokuti Archaeoastronomy rakashandiswa kekutanga naElizabeth Chesley Baity (sezano raEuan MacKie) muna 1973, asi senharo yekudzidza inogona kunge yakakura zvikuru, zvichienderana nenzira iyo Archaeoastronomy inotsanangurwa. Clive Ruggles akataura kuti Heinrich Nissen, achishanda pakati pezana ramakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, pasina mubvunzo aive wekutanga. archaeoastronomer.
Gare gare Rolf Sinclair yakataura kuti Norman Lockyer, uyo akaita mukupera kwezana remakore rechi1930 uye kutanga kwezana remakore rechi1970, anogona kunzi "baba ve archaeoastronomy." Euan MacKie akafunga kuti mabviro aive gare gare, achifunga kuti kutanga kwechizvino-zvino chearchaeoastronomy kunofanira kudzokera kumashure pabasa raAlexander Thom muEngland pakati penguva yaXNUMX naXNUMX.
Mumakore ekuma1960 basa reinjiniya Alexander Thom uye nyanzvi yenyeredzi Gerald Hawkins, uyo akataura kuti Stonehenge yaive prehistoric komputa, yakavhenekerwa. mhando itsva zvenyeredzi kubva kunzvimbo dzekare.
Kuratidzira kwaHawkins kwakaparadzaniswa zvakajeka, asi basa raAlexander Thom ane mhedzisiro ye studios munzvimbo megalithic vakafungidzira chiitiko chinozivikanwa chenyeredzi muBritish Isles.
Euan MacKie, achikakavara kuti dzidziso dzaThom dzinoda kuongororwa, dzakapinda muKintraw Archaeological Area muArgyllshire muna 1970 na1971 kuti vaone kana chiporofita chekuwana mapuratifomu ekutsvagisa padivi pechikomo chiri pamusoro pebwe chaive chokwadi.
Paive nenzvimbo yekugadzira iyo yainzi inoratidza fungidziro yekurongeka kwaThom (Kintraw yaifungidzirwa kuve inobudirira yechando solstice ndima iyo yakabvumira Thom kutaura geometric theory paradial monument paCultoon paIslay, iine kuderedzwa kwakanaka zvakare. MacKie saka akabvuma kugumiswa kwaThom uye akazivisa kutsva kweEngland kutanga.
Unogonawo kufarira: MAGALAXI, MAFOMU AWO AKANAKA NEZVINONYANYA ZVINONYANYA KUDA KUDA.
Hukama hweArchaeoastronomy Nezvimwe Zvidzidzo
Archaeoastronomy yave ichifungidzirwa sendima yezvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana iyo inobva pakushandiswa kwechokwadi chakanyorwa uye chisina kunyorwa kune. dzidza nyeredzi kubva kune dzimwe tsika. Nechikonzero ichi, inogona kutaridzika sekubatana pakati pedzimwe nzira kubva kune mamwe maitiro ekuongorora nyeredzi yapfuura:
Sechiratidzo chekufambira mberi kweArchaeoastronomy senzvimbo yeruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana, kuongorora munzvimbo iyi kunoitwa ne. masayendisiti akakodzera mune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvimwe zvidzidzo.
Vamwe vanyori vemazuva ano vekunyora dissertations vakatsanangura basa ravo sechidzidzo chakabatana munzvimbo ye archeology uye tsika anthropology; neruzivo rwakati munhoroondo ine nhoroondo yedzimwe nguva nenzvimbo, nhoroondo yesainzi uye nhoroondo yechitendero; uye maererano neruzivo rwenyeredzi nehunyanzvi, mutauro uye chinamato. Chete zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinorondedzera basa rake seyemuchadenga, uye mune izvo zviitiko chete sechimiro chechipiri.
Kuratidzira kwe vanochera matongo nyanzvi dzeArchaeoastronomy dzakagadziridzwa. Dzimwe nyika kusanzwisisa uye kunyange kushorwa, kudzokororwa uye kunyange kushorwa, kubva pakudzokororwa neruzivo rwezvekuchera matongo rwakakura pamusoro pezvavakaona semupendero weArchaeoastronomy kusvika pakusawirirana pakati pekusimbisa kwetsika kwevanochera matongo uye kuwanda kwesimba rekutanga archaeoastronomers.
Zvisinei, vanochera matongo vakawedzera kuuya kuzobatanidza zvizhinji zve dzidziso yeArchaeoastronomy mumabhuku ekuchera matongo uye, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vamwe vadzidzi vanoridza hurukuro dzezvinocherwa mumatongo pamisoro ine chekuita neruzivo rwekuchera matongo.
Kutenda kune chokwadi chekuti vanochera matongo havabvumirani nekutemerwa kwenzira, zita rayo rinopokana. Masangano matatu akanyanya kukosha epasirese edzidzo ane chekuita neArchaeoastronomy nekudzidza tsika, vachishandisa izwi Kuongorora nyeredzi muTsika kana imwe vhezheni inofananidzira.
Michael Hopkin anoratidza kuti chikamu chakakosha chechirango ndiko goho reuchapupu, pachinzvimbo chekuita dzidziso, uye akaronga kunyora chikamu ichi chechirango seArchaeotopography.
Nekune rimwe divi, Ruggles naSaunders vakafumura mazwi ekuti Cultural Astronomy senzira inobatanidza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora nyeredzi dzeveruzhinji.Vamwewo vanoti ruzivo rwenyeredzi kutaura kusina kufanira, sezvo chakaitika chiri Sayenzi uye huwandu hwevanhu vakashandisa marogo vakaratidza hukama neSpanish worldview.
Unogonawo kufarira: NYAYA YENYEDZI, KUTENDA KANA KUTI SAINZI? A DABATE KUBVA PAKUTANGA NGUVA
Izvo zvakakosha kujekesa kuti Archaeoastronomy sechidzidzo chesosaiti yekare yakabata sky freak, uye maitirwo avaiita izvi zvisinganzwisisiki uye kuti ukama hwavo nechisiko chapose pose hwakaitwa sei.