Ithemu ye-Orthodox lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezahlukene zolwazi futhi lihlale linencazelo efanayo evamile: landela umthetho onikeziwe noma isenzo ngokomthetho othile, futhi ngenxa yalokho zithathwa 'njengezilungile'.
Isethi yemithetho elandelwa i-orthodox, noma isethi yemibono noma imibono ethathwa ngokuthi "ilungile," ibizwa nangokuthi i-orthodox. Abantu abaningi abazi kahle ukuthi iyini i-orthodox.
Kusho ukuthini ukuba yi-Orthodox?
Igama elithi orthodox livela esiGrekini futhi liwumphumela wokuhlanganisa amagama orthos-, kulungile, futhi -doxa, umbono. Ngale ndlela, umuntu oyi-orthodox uba umuntu ozibiza ngokuthi "umbono olungile."
Eqinisweni, ukusetshenziswa kokuqala komlando kwaleli gama kwakungekhulu lesine AD, ngoFata abane BeSonto LamaGreki kuya hlukanisa phakathi kwalabo abalandela izimfundiso eziyinhloko zobuKristu nalabo abaphakamisa noma abaphikelelayo kwezihlukahlukene (“amambuka”) izincazelo nezinguqulo zokukhulekela kobuKristu ("amambuka").
Kunjalo, Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-orthodox ifana negama elithi "correct" noma "good", kodwa lisho elithi "traditional".. Isibonelo, umcabango we-orthodox uqala kulokho osekusunguliwe, ngokuhlonipha lokho osekumiswe ngaphambili, ungaba yinto entsha, kodwa njalo wenza kanjalo ngokuphathelene nalokho okwamukelwa ngaphambili, ngaphandle kokuphambuka endleleni yawo.
Kulokhu kwehluka ku ukuhlubuka, okuphambene ncamashi: wenqaba lokho okusunguliwe futhi aphakamise umbono omusha noma indlela entsha. Leli gama lisetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yezepolitiki, yezenkolo, nezomnotho, umkhakha wolwazi okuthi, ukunemba, inemibono eminingi engqubuzanayo nezimfundiso eziningi ezifuna iqiniso.
imfundiso yenkolo
Emkhakheni wenkolo, kubizwa ngokuthi i-orthodoxy kulezo zinkolo noma amagatsha enkolo abambelela emasikweni asendulo futhi enqaba izinguqulo zesimanje noma ukuhunyushwa kabusha kwamahlelo, bekhetha ukunamathela emasikweni enkolo “akudala”.
Ngakho-ke, kuvamile ukukhuluma ngakho inkolo yobuJuda. Isibonelo, ukubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile neziqinile zenkolo namasiko amaJuda njengokunamathela ngangokunokwenzeka emsebenzini wasendulo, ngisho nokulahla izinzuzo zempilo yesimanje.
Okunye okukhulunywa ngakho yi- ubuKristu bama-Orthodox. Nakuba kuleli cala libhekisela eSontweni LamaKristu LaseMpumalanga, iSonto LamaKatolika Lama-Orthodox, okuhlukile kobuKristu okwahlotshaniswa ngokucacile nobuKatolika baseNtshonalanga ngesikhathi sokuhlukana kweMpumalanga neNtshonalanga yokuhlukana kukaJulayi 16, 1054, isenzakalo esashintsha kakhulu ipolitiki. landscape. , inhlalo nenkolo yobuKrestu.
Leli bandla lizibona njengendlalifa enganqamuki yehlelo likaJesu waseNazaretha wasendulo, enabalandeli abayizigidi ezingama-225 kuya kwezingama-300 emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Yurophu nasezindaweni zangaphambili zoMbuso WaseByzantium, ngakho-ke, awekho ama-Orthodox ayi-14 noma ayi-15. Elinye lamasonto elingaqapheli elinye igunya lenkolo ngaphandle kwelalo.
imfundiso yezomnotho
Kwezomnotho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-orthodoxy (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-traditional economics"). kuqondwa njengendlela yendabuko yokufundisa ezomnotho, esabela emithethweni ye-neoclassical ye-microeconomics kanye nezeluleko ze-macroeconomic zika-John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946), kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-neoclassical synthesis.
Ihlukile kwezomnotho ezihlubukayo, ngoba iphishekela indlela ehlukile yamaqiniso ezomnotho, kokubili endleleni abasiqonda ngayo isihloko kanye nefilosofi eyisisekelo abayisekelayo. A) Yebo, i-orthodox economics iqonda ezomnotho njengesayensi eqondile imithetho yayo engaqondwa, ikalwe, futhi yenziwe, ukubheja ekulinganiseni ukuziphatha kwabantu ukuze bathole ibhalansi (ibhalansi ye-rationality-individualism).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezomnotho ezihlubukayo zibona ezomnotho njengesayensi yezenhlalakahle abalingisi bawo babonisa ukuziphatha okucabangelayo nokungabikezeli okufanele ukuqondwa emlandweni (isakhiwo sesikhungo-umlando-somphakathi).
I-Orthodox ne-heteroorthodox
Ukuhlubuka kuyinto engavamile, ngakho kungamanga futhi akulungile. Imbuka umuntu ongavumelani noma ongavumelani nezimfundiso nezinkolelo zenkolo ethile, noma nomcabango noma inkambiso eyamukelwa ngokuvamile yanoma iyiphi imfundiso.
Ngakho-ke uma uthi into engavamile, usho into engalandeli noma yimiphi imithetho yendabuko, into engajwayelekile, yendabuko, eyamukelekayo, into ehlubukayo. Liphinde libhekisele entweni engeyona eyakudala, yendabuko, noma endala. Ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kungasho ukuziphatha okungafundile noma izimo zengqondo, ukuziphatha noma izenzo ngaphandle komcabango noma ukuhlakanipha kwangaphambili.
Liyini i-Orthodox emkhakheni wenkolo?
I-Orthodoxy, okushoyo, ihlobene nokuba okulungile noma iqiniso: yingakho ivikelwa amalungu amaningi omphakathi. Izinto eziphambukile kule migomo ye-orthodox zaziwa njengezihlubuki, ezimenyezelwa yidlanzana.
Emkhakheni wenkolo, i-orthodoxy ibhekisela ekuhlonipheni imfundiso ethile. Ungasho ukuthi iSonto LamaKatolika Lama-Orthodox, umkhakha wobuKristu onabalandeli abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-225. Kuleli qembu kugqama iSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, eliholwa uMbhishobhi waseMoscow. Ngokuvamile, umehluko phakathi kwamasonto obu-Orthodox aseMpumalanga namaRoma Katolika awuqondi kahle. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, owokuqala ukhuthaza lezi zinsika ezilandelayo:
- Akakholelwa kuMoya oNgcwele kaYise neNdodana, kuphela owokuqala.
- Uyaphika ukuthi kukhona okuthiwa isihlanzo.
- Eyokuqala ecashuniwe ayiqapheli noma ayiqapheli ukuthi kungaba yiphi inhlangano noma ibandla.
- Ezinkonzweni zama-Orthodox, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwensimbi yomculo akwamukelekile. Ngokuqondile, kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngezwi labahlanganyeli.
- Ungabhejwa ngoba kukhona uPapa onamandla phezu kwawo wonke umuntu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox libeka bonke ababhishobhi ezingeni elifanayo.
- Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezikhungo ezimbili zesonto uwukuthi eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox amadoda ashadile anga-oda, kuyilapho eRoma kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele.
- Kumele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi izithombe zabangcwele zivinjelwe ngokuphelele eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox. Futhi yizithombe ze-3D ezinqatshwa ngokuphelele. Ngakho esikhundleni salokho bangaba nemidwebo noma ama-mosaic, isibonelo.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, i inkolo yobuJuda unamathela ngokuqinile kuHalachah futhi uphikisana nokubuyekezwa okuhlukahlukene kwenkolo yakhe. Yingakho kubhekwa njengegatsha elilondoloza kakhulu lobuJuda. Ekugcineni, "I-Orthodoxy" yincwadi eyabhalwa uGK Chesterton (1874-1936) eyanyatheliswa ngo-1908. Kulo msebenzi, umbhali ubonisa ubuKristu, ezama ukuchaza ukuthi amakholwa eza kanjani futhi kungani enkolweni.
Ngithemba ukuthi uthole lolu lwazi luwusizo, futhi uma unokungabaza ngokuthi liyini i-Orthodox, ngikutholele lona.