Uma ufuna ukwazi abandulelayo abathatha izinyathelo zokuqala ngale nqubo yemfundo, esihlokweni esilandelayo sizokwethula kubabhali be i-psychology yezemfundo.
Iyini i-Educational Psychology?
i-psychology yezemfundo, iyinhlanganisela yesayensi emibili, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-pedagogy ngokwayo kanye ne-psychology, okuholela kulokhu: i-psychology yezemfundo.
Ulwazi lwalezi sayensi ezimbili lwaluyisisekelo esasetshenziswa ababhali bethu bokuqala, lapho babegcizelela ngokukhethekile le ndlela yokufundisa.
Umsuka Wengqondo Yezemfundo
Ngokuqinisekile, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, basebenzisa le mikhuba yokufundisa kwengqondo.
Okwaziwayo ngababhali be i-psychology yezemfundo, ekubeni ongqondongqondo abakhulu baseGreece abakha izisekelo zalezi zisekelo, benquma ukuziphatha komuntu.
I-Aristotle
Uveze ukuthi imfundo kumele ibe ngesinye sezidingo zokuqala uHulumeni okumele uhlangabezane nazo kusakhamuzi ngasinye. Ukuphawula umehluko phakathi kolwazi ngokwengeza izindinganiso zobuhle nezimiso zokuziphatha, njengoba umfundisi wakhe, uPlato, amfundisa.
I-Santo Tomas ka-Aquinas
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, umfundisi, isazi sefilosofi nesazi semfundiso yenkolo, uprofesa, okwathi emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, uzothatha lezi zimpikiswano mayelana nokufunda, ezigcizelela ukuthi ulwazi lutholwa kancane kancane.
I-Age of Renaissance and Humanism kupsychology yezemfundo
Lapho kufika iminyaka yeRenaissance, ababhali be i-psychology yezemfundo ngomcabango ekufundiseni, okusekelwe ekusebenzeni.
Louis uhlala
Kubhekwa njengoyise wesayensi yesimanjemanje, osebenzisa imibono efana nokugqugquzela, ukufunda noma ukufundisa izigqi.
UJuan Huarte waseSan Juan
Bese-ke, lo mbhali waziwa ngokungavumelani mayelana nengqondo ehlukene, phakathi kwe-elite yababhali be i-psychology yezemfundo, abacabangi abanamakhono namakhono. Bheka ucwaningo lwakhe lwakamuva ku ukuqondisa esikoleni lapho iqinisekisa ubukhona bezimo ezahlukene lapho umuntu etholakala khona namandla amaningi.
I-Nova noma i-New Science, i-psychology yezemfundo
Lesi yisikhathi, lapho kubhalwa khona emlandweni, njengoba imfundo iphishekela ukucabanga nokwenza okusekelwe olwazini. Isizathu sisebenzisa ulwazi lwayo nababhali abalandelayo be I-psychology yezemfundo:
URené Descartes
Waziwa nangokuthi uRenatus Cartesius, isazi sefilosofi, isazi sezibalo kanye nesazi sefiziksi, umsuka wakhe wesiFulentshi, owaqaphela ngesikhathi sakhe njengoYise wejiyomethri yokuhlaziya nefilosofi yesimanje. Umsebenzi wakhe waziwa kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi njengenkulumo yeNdlela.
UJuan Amos Comenius, ngesiLatini, uComenius
Lo mbhali onomqondo ovulekile, ecikwa ukubaluleka kwemfundo empilweni yomuntu, wabhala “I-Magna Didactics”, umsebenzi, ngokungangabazeki, owawubhekwa njengobaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ubeka phambili ukufundwa kwezilimi, lapho akhulula khona incwadi yakhe yesibili, njenge Vula umnyango ngezilimi.
Locke noma Hume
Ungomunye wabameleli abakhulu be-empiricism, kanye nemfundiso yefilosofi yaseBerkeley eyathuthukiswa eNgilandi cishe ngekhulu le-XNUMX kanye nekhulu le-XNUMX, ngokuhambisana ne-Continental Europe rationalism yaphakanyiswa. Ngakho le misinga emibili yayidlondlobala e-Modern Europe. Cabangela okuhlangenwe nakho njengomthombo oyinhloko wolwazi.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Lo mbhali we i-psychology yezemfundo, kwaba: umlobi, umfundisi, isazi sefilosofi, umculi, isazi sezitshalo kanye nesazi semvelo, futhi eqashelwa yi-elite yangaleso sikhathi njengokhanyisiwe, owaveza ukuphikisana kwakhe ngakho wahlukana nalo mnyakazo.
Umcabango wakhe ngaso sonke isikhathi wawusekela izimfundiso zemvelo, ayethi ngazo umuntu uzofeza isimo sakhe semvelo; ukufuna isiqondiso njengomfundisi ngendlela yemvelo.
Iminikelo kuPsychology Yezemfundo
Kakade ngezikhathi zethu noma ababhali besizukulwane sethu se i-psychology yezemfundo like:
UJohn Friedrich Herbert
Isazi sefilosofi saseJalimane, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kanye nomfundisi. U-Herbart wagqama njengomunye wabenduleli benguquko yezengqondo eJalimane, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekiselwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX.
Wagqama emfundweni ekhethekile, walwela uguquko olukhululekile futhi wenza enye yezinkulumo-mpikiswano eziqine kakhulu ngokufunda okunamandla, wakwazi hhayi nje ukuthola ubunzima bezemfundo esicini sethiyori kodwa futhi ngokusekelwa kokuhlangenwe nakho.
UJohann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Yaziwa emazweni akhuluma iSpanishi ngokuthi U-Enrique Pestalozzi, wayengumfundisi ohlonishwayo waseSwitzerland, uthisha kanye nomgqugquzeli wezinguquko, owayesebenzisa izimiso zesimanjemanje sokukhanyiselwa ekufundiseni.
Wayeqiniseka ukuthi indlela yokuphuma ebumpofu kanye nokungqubuzana komphakathi kwakuwukunikeza imfundo esezingeni eliphezulu eguqula izingqondo nezinhliziyo zabantu.
UJohn Dewey
USolwazi Wezomlando, uDewey wayeyisazi sefilosofi saseMelika esaziwayo kakhulu phakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi, kanye noCharles Sanders Peirce noWilliam James, omunye wabasunguli befilosofi ye-pragmatism.
Ummeleli we-progressive pedagogy e-United States. U-Dewey wabhala ngobuciko, ukucabanga, ukuziphatha kanye nentando yeningi, isimemezelo sakhe sasivuna imfundo kanye nomphakathi.
Uma ufuna ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana amathiyori okufundisa Sikumema ukuthi ubuyekeze lesi sixhumanisi, esithokozisayo.